NAICS 331411 - Primary Smelting and Refining of Copper

GENERAL STATISTICS
Year	Companies	Establishments		Employment			Compensation		Production ($ million)
		Total	with 20 or more employees	Total (000)	Production		Payroll ($ mil)	Wages ($/hr)	Cost of Materials	Value Added by Manufacture	Value of Shipments	Capital Invest.
		Total	with 20 or more employees	Total (000)	Workers (000)	Hours (Mil)	Payroll ($ mil)	Wages ($/hr)	Cost of Materials	Value Added by Manufacture	Value of Shipments	Capital Invest.
Source: 1992, 1997, 2002 Economic Census; other years, up to 2006, are from the Annual Survey of Manufactures. Establishment counts for non-Census years are from County Business Patterns; 1997 and 2002 values are from the 1997 and 2002 censuses respectively, reported in the Federal Government's NAICS format. Other years were originally reported in equivalent SIC format. ‘P’s show projections by the editors.
1991		15	12	4.5	3.5	7.7	152.5	14.83	2,987.0	942.2	3,898.1	110.3
1992	12	20	17	5.6	4.2	9.3	188.6	14.99	4,598.7	947.9	5,578.2	195.5
1993		20	16	5.7	4.3	9.0	199.6	16.58	4,527.3	1,010.7	5,596.0	312.8
1994		18	14	6.4	5.0	10.3	238.9	18.14	4,719.4	1,549.1	6,185.1	702.7
1995		21	17	6.5	5.0	10.5	254.1	18.39	6,858.4	1,845.2	8,660.9	179.7
1996		22	18	6.8	4.9	10.7	268.0	17.51	4,964.7	1,131.9	6,089.6	235.9
1997	9	16	15	7.4	5.7	12.6	287.4	17.29	5,459.3	1,074.7	6,540.4	184.6
1998		13	11	6.5	5.0	11.2	249.3	16.90	4,598.4	987.6	5,608.1	177.9
1999		16	13	4.7	3.6	7.5	193.3	18.91	3,947.0	804.2	4,709.8	139.7
2000		14	9	3.6	2.7	5.9	156.5	19.29	2,404.9	997.7	3,378.2	55.7
2001		13	10	3.4	2.6	5.8	143.1	18.21	1,930.4	936.7	2,787.3	52.7
2002	11	15	8	2.7	2.2	4.4	110.8	18.99	1,772.0	785.7	2,615.3	38.3
2003		18	7	1.5	1.2	2.6	64.5	19.26	1,704.7	655.0	2,314.1	4.8
2004		14	8	1.4	1.2	2.5	66.6	20.34	2,232.4	1,302.6	3,438.9	10.6
2005		14	7	1.4	1.1	2.4	65.9	20.82			3,817.9	20.2
2006		14P	6P	1.6	1.3	2.9	82.4	21.67			5,768.3	52.3
2007		13P	6P	1.3P	1.1P	2.3P	73.2P	21.33P			3,279.0P
2008		13P	5P	0.9P	0.8P	1.7P	61.7P	21.69P			3,098.7P
2009		13P	4P	0.6P	0.5P	1.1P	50.3P	22.05P			2,918.3P
2010		12P	4P	0.2P	0.2P	0.6P	38.9P	22.41P			2,738.0P

INDICES OF CHANGE
Year	Companies	Establishments		Employment			Compensation		Production ($ million)
		Total	with 20 or more employees	Total (000)	Production		Payroll ($ mil)	Wages ($/hr)	Cost of Materials	Value Added by Manufacture	Value of Shipments	Capital Invest.
		Total	with 20 or more employees	Total (000)	Workers (000)	Hours (Mil)	Payroll ($ mil)	Wages ($/hr)	Cost of Materials	Value Added by Manufacture	Value of Shipments	Capital Invest.
Source: Same as General Statistics. Values reflect change from the base year, 2002. Values above 100 mean greater than 2002, values below 100 mean less than 2002, and the values of 100 in other years means the same as 2002. ‘P’s show projections by the editors
1992	109	133	213	207	191	211	170	79	260	121	213	510
1997	82	107	188	274	259	286	259	91	308	137	250	482
2001		87	125	126	118	132	129	96	109	119	107	138
2002	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100
2003		120	88	56	55	59	58	101	96	83	88	13
2004		93	100	52	55	57	60	107	126	166	131	28
2005		93	88	52	50	55	59	110			146	53
2006		91P	80P	59	59	66	74	114			221	137
2007		88P	71P	48P	50P	52P	66P	112P			125P
2008		86P	63P	33P	36P	39P	56P	114P			118P
2009		83P	54P	22P	23P	25P	45P	116P			112P
2010		81P	45P	7P	9P	14P	35P	118P			105P

SELECTED RATIOS
For 2002	Avg. of All Manufact.	Analyzed Industry	Index	For 2002	Avg. of All Manufact.	Analyzed Industry	Index
Source: Same as General Statistics. The ‘Average of All Manufacturing’ column represents the average of all manufacturing industries reported for the most recent complete year available. The Index shows the relationship between the Average and the Analyzed Industry. For example, 100 means that they are equal; 500 that the Analyzed Industry is five times the average; 50 means that the Analyzed Industry is half the national average. The abbreviation ‘na’ is used to show that data are ‘not available’. Ratios shown for 2002, the last complete census year.
Employees per Establishment	42	180	429	Value Added per Production Worker	182,367	357,136	196
Payroll per Establishment	1,639,184	7,386,667	451	Cost per Establishment	5,769,015	118,133,333	2,048
Payroll per Employee	39,053	41,037	105	Cost per Employee	137,446	656,296	477
Production Workers per Establishment	30	147	497	Cost per Production Worker	195,506	805,455	412
Wages per Establishment	694,845	5,570,400	802	Shipments per Establishment	11,158,348	174,353,333	1,563
Wages per Production Worker	23,548	37,980	161	Shipments per Employee	265,847	968,630	364
Hours per Production Worker	1,980	2,000	101	Shipments per Production Worker	378,144	1,188,773	314
Wages per Hour	11.89	18.99	160	Investment per Establishment	361,338	2,553,333	707
Value Added per Establishment	5,381,325	52,380,000	973	Investment per Employee	8,609	14,185	165
Value Added per Employee	128,210	291,000	227	Investment per Production Worker	12,245	17,409	142

LEADING COMPANIES
Company Name	Address				CEO Name	Phone	Co. Type	Sales ($ mil)	Empl. (000)
Source: Ward's Business Directory of U.S. Private and Public Companies, Volumes 1 and 2, 2008. The company type code used is as follows: P - Public, R - Private, S - Subsidiary, D - Division, J - Joint Venture, A - Affiliate, G - Group. Sales are in millions of dollars, employees are in thousands. An asterisk (*) indicates an estimated sales volume. The symbol < stands for ‘less than’. Company names and addresses are truncated, in some cases, to fit into the available space.
Freeport-McMoRan Copper/Gold	PO Box 51777	New Orleans	LA	70151	Richard C. Adkerson	504-582-4000	P	16,939	25.4
Southwire Co.	PO Box 1000	Carrollton	GA	30112	Stuart Thorn	770-832-4242	R	3,200*	4.2
Brush Engineered Materials	17876 St. Clair Ave	Cleveland	OH	44110	Albert Bersticker	216-486-4200	P	956	2.2
Silver Bell Mining L.L.C.	25000 W Avra Vly	Marana	AZ	85653		520-682-2420	S	243*	0.1
Hussey Fabricated Products	100 Washington St.	Leetsdale	PA	15056		724-251-4200	R	133*	0.2
Electric Materials Co.	PO Box 390	North East	PA	16428	Douglas Winner	814-725-9621	R	100*	0.3
PMX Industries Inc.	5300 Willow Creek	Cedar Rapids	IA	52404	S Kim	319-368-7700	R	49*	0.5
Ansonia Copper and Brass Inc.	PO Box 109	Ansonia	CT	06401		203-732-6600	R	37*	0.1
American Metalcraft Inc.	2074 George St.	Melrose Park	IL	60160	David Kahn	708-345-1177	R	10*	<0.1

MATERIALS CONSUMED
Material		Quantity	Delivered Cost ($ million)
Source: 2002 Economic Census. Explanation of symbols used: (D): Withheld to avoid disclosure of competitive data; na: Not available; (S): Withheld because statistical norms were not met; (X): Not applicable; (Z): Less than half the unit shown; nec: Not elsewhere classified; nsk: Not specified by kind; - : zero; p : 10-19 percent estimated; q : 20-29 percent estimated.
Refined unalloyed copper (cathodes, ingots, cakes, slabs, etc.), including blister and anode copper	1,000 s tons	994.8	1,175.2
Precious metals and metal alloy shapes and forms (exc. castings, forgings, fabr. metal products)		(X)	(D)
Mining copper ores, concentrates and precipitates (gross weight)	1,000 s tons	(D)	(D)
All other materials, components, parts, containers, and supplies		(X)	55.6

PRODUCT SHARE DETAILS
Product or Product Class Shipments	Mil. $	Product or Product Class Shipments	Mil. $
Source: 2002 Economic Census. The values are product shipments in millions of dollars for 2002. Total product shipments may be lower or higher than industry shipments. See Introduction for a full discussion. Values of indented subcategories are summed in the main heading(s). The symbol (D) appears when data are withheld to prevent disclosure of competitive information. The abbreviation nsk stands for ‘not specified by kind’ and nec for ‘not elsewhere classified’. A dash (-) means zero.
PRIMARY COPPER	2,212.1	produced for further refining, including blister or anode copper, etc.	2,211.6
Refined primary copper and copper-base alloy and primary copper smelter products, not commerical grade,		Primary copper, nsk, total	0.5

INPUTS AND OUTPUTS FOR PRIMARY SMELTING AND REFINING OF COPPER
Economic Sector or Industry Providing Inputs	%	Sector	Economic Sector or Industry Buying Outputs	%	Sector
Primary smelting & refining of copper	44.1	Manufg.	Copper rolling, drawing, extruding, & alloying	39.2	Manufg.
Copper, nickel, lead, and zinc	12.0	Mining	Primary smelting & refining of copper	22.6	Manufg.
Compensation of employees	6.5		Communication & energy wires & cables	10.6	Manufg.
Wholesale trade	3.6	Trade	Switchgear & switchboard apparatus	4.5	Manufg.
Primary nonferrous metal, ex. copper & aluminum	2.3	Manufg.	Exports of goods & services	3.5	Cap Inv
Truck transportation	1.7	Util.	Railroad rolling stock	2.6	Manufg.
Power generation & supply	1.6	Util.	Valve & fittings other than plumbing	2.6	Manufg.
Natural gas distribution	1.1	Util.	Plumbing fixture fittings & trim	2.3	Manufg.
Taxes on production & imports, less subsidies	1.1		AC, refrigeration, and warm air heating equipment	1.2	Manufg.
Management of companies & enterprises	0.9	Services	Machine shops	1.0	Manufg.
Rail transportation	0.8	Util.	Other S/L govt. enterprises	1.0	S/L Govt
Maintenance/repair of nonresidential structures	0.6	Construct.	Wiring devices	1.0	Manufg.
Clay & nonclay refractory manufacturing	0.5	Manufg.	Primary nonferrous metal, ex. copper & aluminum	0.9	Manufg.
Management, scientific, & technical consulting	0.5	Services	General Federal government services, nondefense	0.9	Fed Govt
Services to buildings & dwellings	0.5	Services	Relay & industrial controls	0.8	Manufg.
Automotive repair & maintenance, ex. car washes	0.4	Services	Motor vehicle parts	0.7	Manufg.
Commercial & industrial equipment repair/maintenance	0.3	Services	Nonferrous metal (ex. copper & aluminum) processing	0.6	Manufg.
Iron & steel mills & ferroalloys	0.3	Manufg.	Power boilers & heat exchangers	0.5	Manufg.
Semiconductors & related devices	0.2	Manufg.	Ferrous metal foundries	0.5	Manufg.
Printed circuit assemblies (electronic assembiles)	0.2	Manufg.	Tobacco products	0.5	Manufg.
Employment services	0.2	Services	Architectural, engineering, & related services	0.4	Services
Coal	0.2	Mining	Asphalt paving mixtures & blocks	0.3	Manufg.
Coating, engraving, heat treating & allied activities	0.2	Manufg.	Wholesale trade	0.3	Trade
Automotive equipment rental & leasing	0.2	Fin/R.E.	Wood containers & pallets	0.3	Manufg.
Noncomparable imports	0.1	Foreign	Coating, engraving, heat treating & allied activities	0.3	Manufg.
Water transportation	0.1	Util.	Fabricated metals, nec	0.2	Manufg.

INPUTS AND OUTPUTS FOR PRIMARY SMELTING AND REFINING OF COPPER - Continued
Economic Sector or Industry Providing Inputs	%	Sector	Economic Sector or Industry Buying Outputs	%	Sector
Source: Benchmark Input-Output Accounts for the U.S. Economy, 2002, U.S. Department of Commerce, Washington, D.C., January 2008. The abbreviation nec stands for ‘not elsewhere classified’.
Food services & drinking places	0.1	Services	Plate work & fabricated structural products	0.2	Manufg.
Machine shops	0.1	Manufg.	Scientific research & development services	0.2	Services
			General Federal government services, defense	0.2	Fed Govt
			Maintenance/repair of nonresidential structures	0.1	Construct.

OCCUPATIONS EMPLOYED BY NONFERROUS METAL (EXCEPT ALUMINUM) PRODUCTION
Occupation	% of Total 2006	Change to 2016	Occupation	% of Total 2006	Change to 2016
Source: Industry-Occupation Matrix, Bureau of Labor Statistics, December 4, 2007. These data are reported based on 4-digit NAICS categories but have been matched to corresponding 6-digit NAICS industry codes. The change reported for each occupation to the year 2016 is a percent of growth or decline as estimated by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The abbreviation nec stands for ‘not elsewhere classified’.
Extruding & drawing machine operators & tenders	8.7	-30.0	Team assemblers	2.0	-30.0
First-line supervisors/managers of production workers	4.6	-30.0	Sales reps, wholesale & manufacturing, exc tech	1.9	-30.0
Metal-refining furnace operators & tenders	4.1	-23.0	Shipping, receiving, & traffic clerks	1.8	-32.7
Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, & weighers	3.5	-34.0	Electricians	1.4	-27.5
Helpers--Production workers	3.0	-30.0	Pourers & casters, metal	1.4	-30.0
Maintenance & repair workers, general	2.9	-30.0	Heat treating equipment operators & tenders	1.4	-30.0
Machinists	2.8	-26.6	Assemblers & fabricators, nec	1.3	-37.0
Cutting, punching, & press machine operators	2.6	-37.0	General & operations managers	1.3	-37.0
Industrial truck & tractor operators	2.5	-37.0	Welders, cutters, solderers, & brazers	1.2	-25.6
Laborers & freight, stock, & material movers, hand	2.5	-37.0	Industrial production managers	1.2	-30.0
Industrial machinery mechanics	2.2	-19.6	Multiple machine tool operators & tenders	1.0	-23.0
Rolling machine operators & tenders	2.1	-30.0	Bookkeeping, accounting, & auditing clerks	1.0	-30.0
Coil winders, tapers, & finishers	2.1	-44.0

INDUSTRY DATA BY STATE

State-level data are not available.

NAICS 331411 - Primary Smelting and Refining of Copper

GENERAL STATISTICS
Year	Companies	Establishments		Employment			Compensation		Production ($ million)
		Total	with 20 or more employees	Total (000)	Production		Payroll ($ mil)	Wages ($/hr)	Cost of Materials	Value Added by Manufacture	Value of Shipments	Capital Invest.
		Total	with 20 or more employees	Total (000)	Workers (000)	Hours (Mil)	Payroll ($ mil)	Wages ($/hr)	Cost of Materials	Value Added by Manufacture	Value of Shipments	Capital Invest.
Source: 1992, 1997, 2002 Economic Census; other years, up to 2006, are from the Annual Survey of Manufactures. Establishment counts for non-Census years are from County Business Patterns; 1997 and 2002 values are from the 1997 and 2002 censuses respectively, reported in the Federal Government's NAICS format. Other years were originally reported in equivalent SIC format. ‘P’s show projections by the editors.
1991		15	12	4.5	3.5	7.7	152.5	14.83	2,987.0	942.2	3,898.1	110.3
1992	12	20	17	5.6	4.2	9.3	188.6	14.99	4,598.7	947.9	5,578.2	195.5
1993		20	16	5.7	4.3	9.0	199.6	16.58	4,527.3	1,010.7	5,596.0	312.8
1994		18	14	6.4	5.0	10.3	238.9	18.14	4,719.4	1,549.1	6,185.1	702.7
1995		21	17	6.5	5.0	10.5	254.1	18.39	6,858.4	1,845.2	8,660.9	179.7
1996		22	18	6.8	4.9	10.7	268.0	17.51	4,964.7	1,131.9	6,089.6	235.9
1997	9	16	15	7.4	5.7	12.6	287.4	17.29	5,459.3	1,074.7	6,540.4	184.6
1998		13	11	6.5	5.0	11.2	249.3	16.90	4,598.4	987.6	5,608.1	177.9
1999		16	13	4.7	3.6	7.5	193.3	18.91	3,947.0	804.2	4,709.8	139.7
2000		14	9	3.6	2.7	5.9	156.5	19.29	2,404.9	997.7	3,378.2	55.7
2001		13	10	3.4	2.6	5.8	143.1	18.21	1,930.4	936.7	2,787.3	52.7
2002	11	15	8	2.7	2.2	4.4	110.8	18.99	1,772.0	785.7	2,615.3	38.3
2003		18	7	1.5	1.2	2.6	64.5	19.26	1,704.7	655.0	2,314.1	4.8
2004		14	8	1.4	1.2	2.5	66.6	20.34	2,232.4	1,302.6	3,438.9	10.6
2005		14	7	1.4	1.1	2.4	65.9	20.82			3,817.9	20.2
2006		14P	6P	1.6	1.3	2.9	82.4	21.67			5,768.3	52.3
2007		13P	6P	1.3P	1.1P	2.3P	73.2P	21.33P			3,279.0P
2008		13P	5P	0.9P	0.8P	1.7P	61.7P	21.69P			3,098.7P
2009		13P	4P	0.6P	0.5P	1.1P	50.3P	22.05P			2,918.3P
2010		12P	4P	0.2P	0.2P	0.6P	38.9P	22.41P			2,738.0P

INDICES OF CHANGE
Year	Companies	Establishments		Employment			Compensation		Production ($ million)
		Total	with 20 or more employees	Total (000)	Production		Payroll ($ mil)	Wages ($/hr)	Cost of Materials	Value Added by Manufacture	Value of Shipments	Capital Invest.
		Total	with 20 or more employees	Total (000)	Workers (000)	Hours (Mil)	Payroll ($ mil)	Wages ($/hr)	Cost of Materials	Value Added by Manufacture	Value of Shipments	Capital Invest.
Source: Same as General Statistics. Values reflect change from the base year, 2002. Values above 100 mean greater than 2002, values below 100 mean less than 2002, and the values of 100 in other years means the same as 2002. ‘P’s show projections by the editors
1992	109	133	213	207	191	211	170	79	260	121	213	510
1997	82	107	188	274	259	286	259	91	308	137	250	482
2001		87	125	126	118	132	129	96	109	119	107	138
2002	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100
2003		120	88	56	55	59	58	101	96	83	88	13
2004		93	100	52	55	57	60	107	126	166	131	28
2005		93	88	52	50	55	59	110			146	53
2006		91P	80P	59	59	66	74	114			221	137
2007		88P	71P	48P	50P	52P	66P	112P			125P
2008		86P	63P	33P	36P	39P	56P	114P			118P
2009		83P	54P	22P	23P	25P	45P	116P			112P
2010		81P	45P	7P	9P	14P	35P	118P			105P

SELECTED RATIOS
For 2002	Avg. of All Manufact.	Analyzed Industry	Index	For 2002	Avg. of All Manufact.	Analyzed Industry	Index
Source: Same as General Statistics. The ‘Average of All Manufacturing’ column represents the average of all manufacturing industries reported for the most recent complete year available. The Index shows the relationship between the Average and the Analyzed Industry. For example, 100 means that they are equal; 500 that the Analyzed Industry is five times the average; 50 means that the Analyzed Industry is half the national average. The abbreviation ‘na’ is used to show that data are ‘not available’. Ratios shown for 2002, the last complete census year.
Employees per Establishment	42	180	429	Value Added per Production Worker	182,367	357,136	196
Payroll per Establishment	1,639,184	7,386,667	451	Cost per Establishment	5,769,015	118,133,333	2,048
Payroll per Employee	39,053	41,037	105	Cost per Employee	137,446	656,296	477
Production Workers per Establishment	30	147	497	Cost per Production Worker	195,506	805,455	412
Wages per Establishment	694,845	5,570,400	802	Shipments per Establishment	11,158,348	174,353,333	1,563
Wages per Production Worker	23,548	37,980	161	Shipments per Employee	265,847	968,630	364
Hours per Production Worker	1,980	2,000	101	Shipments per Production Worker	378,144	1,188,773	314
Wages per Hour	11.89	18.99	160	Investment per Establishment	361,338	2,553,333	707
Value Added per Establishment	5,381,325	52,380,000	973	Investment per Employee	8,609	14,185	165
Value Added per Employee	128,210	291,000	227	Investment per Production Worker	12,245	17,409	142

LEADING COMPANIES
Company Name	Address				CEO Name	Phone	Co. Type	Sales ($ mil)	Empl. (000)
Source: Ward's Business Directory of U.S. Private and Public Companies, Volumes 1 and 2, 2008. The company type code used is as follows: P - Public, R - Private, S - Subsidiary, D - Division, J - Joint Venture, A - Affiliate, G - Group. Sales are in millions of dollars, employees are in thousands. An asterisk (*) indicates an estimated sales volume. The symbol < stands for ‘less than’. Company names and addresses are truncated, in some cases, to fit into the available space.
Freeport-McMoRan Copper/Gold	PO Box 51777	New Orleans	LA	70151	Richard C. Adkerson	504-582-4000	P	16,939	25.4
Southwire Co.	PO Box 1000	Carrollton	GA	30112	Stuart Thorn	770-832-4242	R	3,200*	4.2
Brush Engineered Materials	17876 St. Clair Ave	Cleveland	OH	44110	Albert Bersticker	216-486-4200	P	956	2.2
Silver Bell Mining L.L.C.	25000 W Avra Vly	Marana	AZ	85653		520-682-2420	S	243*	0.1
Hussey Fabricated Products	100 Washington St.	Leetsdale	PA	15056		724-251-4200	R	133*	0.2
Electric Materials Co.	PO Box 390	North East	PA	16428	Douglas Winner	814-725-9621	R	100*	0.3
PMX Industries Inc.	5300 Willow Creek	Cedar Rapids	IA	52404	S Kim	319-368-7700	R	49*	0.5
Ansonia Copper and Brass Inc.	PO Box 109	Ansonia	CT	06401		203-732-6600	R	37*	0.1
American Metalcraft Inc.	2074 George St.	Melrose Park	IL	60160	David Kahn	708-345-1177	R	10*	<0.1

MATERIALS CONSUMED
Material		Quantity	Delivered Cost ($ million)
Source: 2002 Economic Census. Explanation of symbols used: (D): Withheld to avoid disclosure of competitive data; na: Not available; (S): Withheld because statistical norms were not met; (X): Not applicable; (Z): Less than half the unit shown; nec: Not elsewhere classified; nsk: Not specified by kind; - : zero; p : 10-19 percent estimated; q : 20-29 percent estimated.
Refined unalloyed copper (cathodes, ingots, cakes, slabs, etc.), including blister and anode copper	1,000 s tons	994.8	1,175.2
Precious metals and metal alloy shapes and forms (exc. castings, forgings, fabr. metal products)		(X)	(D)
Mining copper ores, concentrates and precipitates (gross weight)	1,000 s tons	(D)	(D)
All other materials, components, parts, containers, and supplies		(X)	55.6

PRODUCT SHARE DETAILS
Product or Product Class Shipments	Mil. $	Product or Product Class Shipments	Mil. $
Source: 2002 Economic Census. The values are product shipments in millions of dollars for 2002. Total product shipments may be lower or higher than industry shipments. See Introduction for a full discussion. Values of indented subcategories are summed in the main heading(s). The symbol (D) appears when data are withheld to prevent disclosure of competitive information. The abbreviation nsk stands for ‘not specified by kind’ and nec for ‘not elsewhere classified’. A dash (-) means zero.
PRIMARY COPPER	2,212.1	produced for further refining, including blister or anode copper, etc.	2,211.6
Refined primary copper and copper-base alloy and primary copper smelter products, not commerical grade,		Primary copper, nsk, total	0.5

INPUTS AND OUTPUTS FOR PRIMARY SMELTING AND REFINING OF COPPER
Economic Sector or Industry Providing Inputs	%	Sector	Economic Sector or Industry Buying Outputs	%	Sector
Primary smelting & refining of copper	44.1	Manufg.	Copper rolling, drawing, extruding, & alloying	39.2	Manufg.
Copper, nickel, lead, and zinc	12.0	Mining	Primary smelting & refining of copper	22.6	Manufg.
Compensation of employees	6.5		Communication & energy wires & cables	10.6	Manufg.
Wholesale trade	3.6	Trade	Switchgear & switchboard apparatus	4.5	Manufg.
Primary nonferrous metal, ex. copper & aluminum	2.3	Manufg.	Exports of goods & services	3.5	Cap Inv
Truck transportation	1.7	Util.	Railroad rolling stock	2.6	Manufg.
Power generation & supply	1.6	Util.	Valve & fittings other than plumbing	2.6	Manufg.
Natural gas distribution	1.1	Util.	Plumbing fixture fittings & trim	2.3	Manufg.
Taxes on production & imports, less subsidies	1.1		AC, refrigeration, and warm air heating equipment	1.2	Manufg.
Management of companies & enterprises	0.9	Services	Machine shops	1.0	Manufg.
Rail transportation	0.8	Util.	Other S/L govt. enterprises	1.0	S/L Govt
Maintenance/repair of nonresidential structures	0.6	Construct.	Wiring devices	1.0	Manufg.
Clay & nonclay refractory manufacturing	0.5	Manufg.	Primary nonferrous metal, ex. copper & aluminum	0.9	Manufg.
Management, scientific, & technical consulting	0.5	Services	General Federal government services, nondefense	0.9	Fed Govt
Services to buildings & dwellings	0.5	Services	Relay & industrial controls	0.8	Manufg.
Automotive repair & maintenance, ex. car washes	0.4	Services	Motor vehicle parts	0.7	Manufg.
Commercial & industrial equipment repair/maintenance	0.3	Services	Nonferrous metal (ex. copper & aluminum) processing	0.6	Manufg.
Iron & steel mills & ferroalloys	0.3	Manufg.	Power boilers & heat exchangers	0.5	Manufg.
Semiconductors & related devices	0.2	Manufg.	Ferrous metal foundries	0.5	Manufg.
Printed circuit assemblies (electronic assembiles)	0.2	Manufg.	Tobacco products	0.5	Manufg.
Employment services	0.2	Services	Architectural, engineering, & related services	0.4	Services
Coal	0.2	Mining	Asphalt paving mixtures & blocks	0.3	Manufg.
Coating, engraving, heat treating & allied activities	0.2	Manufg.	Wholesale trade	0.3	Trade
Automotive equipment rental & leasing	0.2	Fin/R.E.	Wood containers & pallets	0.3	Manufg.
Noncomparable imports	0.1	Foreign	Coating, engraving, heat treating & allied activities	0.3	Manufg.
Water transportation	0.1	Util.	Fabricated metals, nec	0.2	Manufg.

INPUTS AND OUTPUTS FOR PRIMARY SMELTING AND REFINING OF COPPER - Continued
Economic Sector or Industry Providing Inputs	%	Sector	Economic Sector or Industry Buying Outputs	%	Sector
Source: Benchmark Input-Output Accounts for the U.S. Economy, 2002, U.S. Department of Commerce, Washington, D.C., January 2008. The abbreviation nec stands for ‘not elsewhere classified’.
Food services & drinking places	0.1	Services	Plate work & fabricated structural products	0.2	Manufg.
Machine shops	0.1	Manufg.	Scientific research & development services	0.2	Services
			General Federal government services, defense	0.2	Fed Govt
			Maintenance/repair of nonresidential structures	0.1	Construct.

OCCUPATIONS EMPLOYED BY NONFERROUS METAL (EXCEPT ALUMINUM) PRODUCTION
Occupation	% of Total 2006	Change to 2016	Occupation	% of Total 2006	Change to 2016
Source: Industry-Occupation Matrix, Bureau of Labor Statistics, December 4, 2007. These data are reported based on 4-digit NAICS categories but have been matched to corresponding 6-digit NAICS industry codes. The change reported for each occupation to the year 2016 is a percent of growth or decline as estimated by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The abbreviation nec stands for ‘not elsewhere classified’.
Extruding & drawing machine operators & tenders	8.7	-30.0	Team assemblers	2.0	-30.0
First-line supervisors/managers of production workers	4.6	-30.0	Sales reps, wholesale & manufacturing, exc tech	1.9	-30.0
Metal-refining furnace operators & tenders	4.1	-23.0	Shipping, receiving, & traffic clerks	1.8	-32.7
Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, & weighers	3.5	-34.0	Electricians	1.4	-27.5
Helpers--Production workers	3.0	-30.0	Pourers & casters, metal	1.4	-30.0
Maintenance & repair workers, general	2.9	-30.0	Heat treating equipment operators & tenders	1.4	-30.0
Machinists	2.8	-26.6	Assemblers & fabricators, nec	1.3	-37.0
Cutting, punching, & press machine operators	2.6	-37.0	General & operations managers	1.3	-37.0
Industrial truck & tractor operators	2.5	-37.0	Welders, cutters, solderers, & brazers	1.2	-25.6
Laborers & freight, stock, & material movers, hand	2.5	-37.0	Industrial production managers	1.2	-30.0
Industrial machinery mechanics	2.2	-19.6	Multiple machine tool operators & tenders	1.0	-23.0
Rolling machine operators & tenders	2.1	-30.0	Bookkeeping, accounting, & auditing clerks	1.0	-30.0
Coil winders, tapers, & finishers	2.1	-44.0

INDUSTRY DATA BY STATE

State-level data are not available.

NAICS 331411 - Primary Smelting and Refining of Copper

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NAICS 331411 - Primary Smelting and Refining of Copper

GENERAL STATISTICS
Year	Companies	Establishments		Employment			Compensation		Production ($ million)
		Total	with 20 or more employees	Total (000)	Production		Payroll ($ mil)	Wages ($/hr)	Cost of Materials	Value Added by Manufacture	Value of Shipments	Capital Invest.
		Total	with 20 or more employees	Total (000)	Workers (000)	Hours (Mil)	Payroll ($ mil)	Wages ($/hr)	Cost of Materials	Value Added by Manufacture	Value of Shipments	Capital Invest.
Source: 1992, 1997, 2002 Economic Census; other years, up to 2006, are from the Annual Survey of Manufactures. Establishment counts for non-Census years are from County Business Patterns; 1997 and 2002 values are from the 1997 and 2002 censuses respectively, reported in the Federal Government's NAICS format. Other years were originally reported in equivalent SIC format. ‘P’s show projections by the editors.
1991		15	12	4.5	3.5	7.7	152.5	14.83	2,987.0	942.2	3,898.1	110.3
1992	12	20	17	5.6	4.2	9.3	188.6	14.99	4,598.7	947.9	5,578.2	195.5
1993		20	16	5.7	4.3	9.0	199.6	16.58	4,527.3	1,010.7	5,596.0	312.8
1994		18	14	6.4	5.0	10.3	238.9	18.14	4,719.4	1,549.1	6,185.1	702.7
1995		21	17	6.5	5.0	10.5	254.1	18.39	6,858.4	1,845.2	8,660.9	179.7
1996		22	18	6.8	4.9	10.7	268.0	17.51	4,964.7	1,131.9	6,089.6	235.9
1997	9	16	15	7.4	5.7	12.6	287.4	17.29	5,459.3	1,074.7	6,540.4	184.6
1998		13	11	6.5	5.0	11.2	249.3	16.90	4,598.4	987.6	5,608.1	177.9
1999		16	13	4.7	3.6	7.5	193.3	18.91	3,947.0	804.2	4,709.8	139.7
2000		14	9	3.6	2.7	5.9	156.5	19.29	2,404.9	997.7	3,378.2	55.7
2001		13	10	3.4	2.6	5.8	143.1	18.21	1,930.4	936.7	2,787.3	52.7
2002	11	15	8	2.7	2.2	4.4	110.8	18.99	1,772.0	785.7	2,615.3	38.3
2003		18	7	1.5	1.2	2.6	64.5	19.26	1,704.7	655.0	2,314.1	4.8
2004		14	8	1.4	1.2	2.5	66.6	20.34	2,232.4	1,302.6	3,438.9	10.6
2005		14	7	1.4	1.1	2.4	65.9	20.82			3,817.9	20.2
2006		14P	6P	1.6	1.3	2.9	82.4	21.67			5,768.3	52.3
2007		13P	6P	1.3P	1.1P	2.3P	73.2P	21.33P			3,279.0P
2008		13P	5P	0.9P	0.8P	1.7P	61.7P	21.69P			3,098.7P
2009		13P	4P	0.6P	0.5P	1.1P	50.3P	22.05P			2,918.3P
2010		12P	4P	0.2P	0.2P	0.6P	38.9P	22.41P			2,738.0P

INDICES OF CHANGE
Year	Companies	Establishments		Employment			Compensation		Production ($ million)
		Total	with 20 or more employees	Total (000)	Production		Payroll ($ mil)	Wages ($/hr)	Cost of Materials	Value Added by Manufacture	Value of Shipments	Capital Invest.
		Total	with 20 or more employees	Total (000)	Workers (000)	Hours (Mil)	Payroll ($ mil)	Wages ($/hr)	Cost of Materials	Value Added by Manufacture	Value of Shipments	Capital Invest.
Source: Same as General Statistics. Values reflect change from the base year, 2002. Values above 100 mean greater than 2002, values below 100 mean less than 2002, and the values of 100 in other years means the same as 2002. ‘P’s show projections by the editors
1992	109	133	213	207	191	211	170	79	260	121	213	510
1997	82	107	188	274	259	286	259	91	308	137	250	482
2001		87	125	126	118	132	129	96	109	119	107	138
2002	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100
2003		120	88	56	55	59	58	101	96	83	88	13
2004		93	100	52	55	57	60	107	126	166	131	28
2005		93	88	52	50	55	59	110			146	53
2006		91P	80P	59	59	66	74	114			221	137
2007		88P	71P	48P	50P	52P	66P	112P			125P
2008		86P	63P	33P	36P	39P	56P	114P			118P
2009		83P	54P	22P	23P	25P	45P	116P			112P
2010		81P	45P	7P	9P	14P	35P	118P			105P

SELECTED RATIOS
For 2002	Avg. of All Manufact.	Analyzed Industry	Index	For 2002	Avg. of All Manufact.	Analyzed Industry	Index
Source: Same as General Statistics. The ‘Average of All Manufacturing’ column represents the average of all manufacturing industries reported for the most recent complete year available. The Index shows the relationship between the Average and the Analyzed Industry. For example, 100 means that they are equal; 500 that the Analyzed Industry is five times the average; 50 means that the Analyzed Industry is half the national average. The abbreviation ‘na’ is used to show that data are ‘not available’. Ratios shown for 2002, the last complete census year.
Employees per Establishment	42	180	429	Value Added per Production Worker	182,367	357,136	196
Payroll per Establishment	1,639,184	7,386,667	451	Cost per Establishment	5,769,015	118,133,333	2,048
Payroll per Employee	39,053	41,037	105	Cost per Employee	137,446	656,296	477
Production Workers per Establishment	30	147	497	Cost per Production Worker	195,506	805,455	412
Wages per Establishment	694,845	5,570,400	802	Shipments per Establishment	11,158,348	174,353,333	1,563
Wages per Production Worker	23,548	37,980	161	Shipments per Employee	265,847	968,630	364
Hours per Production Worker	1,980	2,000	101	Shipments per Production Worker	378,144	1,188,773	314
Wages per Hour	11.89	18.99	160	Investment per Establishment	361,338	2,553,333	707
Value Added per Establishment	5,381,325	52,380,000	973	Investment per Employee	8,609	14,185	165
Value Added per Employee	128,210	291,000	227	Investment per Production Worker	12,245	17,409	142

LEADING COMPANIES
Company Name	Address				CEO Name	Phone	Co. Type	Sales ($ mil)	Empl. (000)
Source: Ward's Business Directory of U.S. Private and Public Companies, Volumes 1 and 2, 2008. The company type code used is as follows: P - Public, R - Private, S - Subsidiary, D - Division, J - Joint Venture, A - Affiliate, G - Group. Sales are in millions of dollars, employees are in thousands. An asterisk (*) indicates an estimated sales volume. The symbol < stands for ‘less than’. Company names and addresses are truncated, in some cases, to fit into the available space.
Freeport-McMoRan Copper/Gold	PO Box 51777	New Orleans	LA	70151	Richard C. Adkerson	504-582-4000	P	16,939	25.4
Southwire Co.	PO Box 1000	Carrollton	GA	30112	Stuart Thorn	770-832-4242	R	3,200*	4.2
Brush Engineered Materials	17876 St. Clair Ave	Cleveland	OH	44110	Albert Bersticker	216-486-4200	P	956	2.2
Silver Bell Mining L.L.C.	25000 W Avra Vly	Marana	AZ	85653		520-682-2420	S	243*	0.1
Hussey Fabricated Products	100 Washington St.	Leetsdale	PA	15056		724-251-4200	R	133*	0.2
Electric Materials Co.	PO Box 390	North East	PA	16428	Douglas Winner	814-725-9621	R	100*	0.3
PMX Industries Inc.	5300 Willow Creek	Cedar Rapids	IA	52404	S Kim	319-368-7700	R	49*	0.5
Ansonia Copper and Brass Inc.	PO Box 109	Ansonia	CT	06401		203-732-6600	R	37*	0.1
American Metalcraft Inc.	2074 George St.	Melrose Park	IL	60160	David Kahn	708-345-1177	R	10*	<0.1

MATERIALS CONSUMED
Material		Quantity	Delivered Cost ($ million)
Source: 2002 Economic Census. Explanation of symbols used: (D): Withheld to avoid disclosure of competitive data; na: Not available; (S): Withheld because statistical norms were not met; (X): Not applicable; (Z): Less than half the unit shown; nec: Not elsewhere classified; nsk: Not specified by kind; - : zero; p : 10-19 percent estimated; q : 20-29 percent estimated.
Refined unalloyed copper (cathodes, ingots, cakes, slabs, etc.), including blister and anode copper	1,000 s tons	994.8	1,175.2
Precious metals and metal alloy shapes and forms (exc. castings, forgings, fabr. metal products)		(X)	(D)
Mining copper ores, concentrates and precipitates (gross weight)	1,000 s tons	(D)	(D)
All other materials, components, parts, containers, and supplies		(X)	55.6

PRODUCT SHARE DETAILS
Product or Product Class Shipments	Mil. $	Product or Product Class Shipments	Mil. $
Source: 2002 Economic Census. The values are product shipments in millions of dollars for 2002. Total product shipments may be lower or higher than industry shipments. See Introduction for a full discussion. Values of indented subcategories are summed in the main heading(s). The symbol (D) appears when data are withheld to prevent disclosure of competitive information. The abbreviation nsk stands for ‘not specified by kind’ and nec for ‘not elsewhere classified’. A dash (-) means zero.
PRIMARY COPPER	2,212.1	produced for further refining, including blister or anode copper, etc.	2,211.6
Refined primary copper and copper-base alloy and primary copper smelter products, not commerical grade,		Primary copper, nsk, total	0.5

INPUTS AND OUTPUTS FOR PRIMARY SMELTING AND REFINING OF COPPER
Economic Sector or Industry Providing Inputs	%	Sector	Economic Sector or Industry Buying Outputs	%	Sector
Primary smelting & refining of copper	44.1	Manufg.	Copper rolling, drawing, extruding, & alloying	39.2	Manufg.
Copper, nickel, lead, and zinc	12.0	Mining	Primary smelting & refining of copper	22.6	Manufg.
Compensation of employees	6.5		Communication & energy wires & cables	10.6	Manufg.
Wholesale trade	3.6	Trade	Switchgear & switchboard apparatus	4.5	Manufg.
Primary nonferrous metal, ex. copper & aluminum	2.3	Manufg.	Exports of goods & services	3.5	Cap Inv
Truck transportation	1.7	Util.	Railroad rolling stock	2.6	Manufg.
Power generation & supply	1.6	Util.	Valve & fittings other than plumbing	2.6	Manufg.
Natural gas distribution	1.1	Util.	Plumbing fixture fittings & trim	2.3	Manufg.
Taxes on production & imports, less subsidies	1.1		AC, refrigeration, and warm air heating equipment	1.2	Manufg.
Management of companies & enterprises	0.9	Services	Machine shops	1.0	Manufg.
Rail transportation	0.8	Util.	Other S/L govt. enterprises	1.0	S/L Govt
Maintenance/repair of nonresidential structures	0.6	Construct.	Wiring devices	1.0	Manufg.
Clay & nonclay refractory manufacturing	0.5	Manufg.	Primary nonferrous metal, ex. copper & aluminum	0.9	Manufg.
Management, scientific, & technical consulting	0.5	Services	General Federal government services, nondefense	0.9	Fed Govt
Services to buildings & dwellings	0.5	Services	Relay & industrial controls	0.8	Manufg.
Automotive repair & maintenance, ex. car washes	0.4	Services	Motor vehicle parts	0.7	Manufg.
Commercial & industrial equipment repair/maintenance	0.3	Services	Nonferrous metal (ex. copper & aluminum) processing	0.6	Manufg.
Iron & steel mills & ferroalloys	0.3	Manufg.	Power boilers & heat exchangers	0.5	Manufg.
Semiconductors & related devices	0.2	Manufg.	Ferrous metal foundries	0.5	Manufg.
Printed circuit assemblies (electronic assembiles)	0.2	Manufg.	Tobacco products	0.5	Manufg.
Employment services	0.2	Services	Architectural, engineering, & related services	0.4	Services
Coal	0.2	Mining	Asphalt paving mixtures & blocks	0.3	Manufg.
Coating, engraving, heat treating & allied activities	0.2	Manufg.	Wholesale trade	0.3	Trade
Automotive equipment rental & leasing	0.2	Fin/R.E.	Wood containers & pallets	0.3	Manufg.
Noncomparable imports	0.1	Foreign	Coating, engraving, heat treating & allied activities	0.3	Manufg.
Water transportation	0.1	Util.	Fabricated metals, nec	0.2	Manufg.

INPUTS AND OUTPUTS FOR PRIMARY SMELTING AND REFINING OF COPPER - Continued
Economic Sector or Industry Providing Inputs	%	Sector	Economic Sector or Industry Buying Outputs	%	Sector
Source: Benchmark Input-Output Accounts for the U.S. Economy, 2002, U.S. Department of Commerce, Washington, D.C., January 2008. The abbreviation nec stands for ‘not elsewhere classified’.
Food services & drinking places	0.1	Services	Plate work & fabricated structural products	0.2	Manufg.
Machine shops	0.1	Manufg.	Scientific research & development services	0.2	Services
			General Federal government services, defense	0.2	Fed Govt
			Maintenance/repair of nonresidential structures	0.1	Construct.

OCCUPATIONS EMPLOYED BY NONFERROUS METAL (EXCEPT ALUMINUM) PRODUCTION
Occupation	% of Total 2006	Change to 2016	Occupation	% of Total 2006	Change to 2016
Source: Industry-Occupation Matrix, Bureau of Labor Statistics, December 4, 2007. These data are reported based on 4-digit NAICS categories but have been matched to corresponding 6-digit NAICS industry codes. The change reported for each occupation to the year 2016 is a percent of growth or decline as estimated by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The abbreviation nec stands for ‘not elsewhere classified’.
Extruding & drawing machine operators & tenders	8.7	-30.0	Team assemblers	2.0	-30.0
First-line supervisors/managers of production workers	4.6	-30.0	Sales reps, wholesale & manufacturing, exc tech	1.9	-30.0
Metal-refining furnace operators & tenders	4.1	-23.0	Shipping, receiving, & traffic clerks	1.8	-32.7
Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, & weighers	3.5	-34.0	Electricians	1.4	-27.5
Helpers--Production workers	3.0	-30.0	Pourers & casters, metal	1.4	-30.0
Maintenance & repair workers, general	2.9	-30.0	Heat treating equipment operators & tenders	1.4	-30.0
Machinists	2.8	-26.6	Assemblers & fabricators, nec	1.3	-37.0
Cutting, punching, & press machine operators	2.6	-37.0	General & operations managers	1.3	-37.0
Industrial truck & tractor operators	2.5	-37.0	Welders, cutters, solderers, & brazers	1.2	-25.6
Laborers & freight, stock, & material movers, hand	2.5	-37.0	Industrial production managers	1.2	-30.0
Industrial machinery mechanics	2.2	-19.6	Multiple machine tool operators & tenders	1.0	-23.0
Rolling machine operators & tenders	2.1	-30.0	Bookkeeping, accounting, & auditing clerks	1.0	-30.0
Coil winders, tapers, & finishers	2.1	-44.0