NAICS 327310 - Cement Manufacturing

GENERAL STATISTICS
Year	Companies	Establishments		Employment			Compensation		Production ($ million)
		Total	with 20 or more employees	Total (000)	Production		Payroll ($ mil)	Wages ($/hr)	Cost of Materials	Value Added by Manufacture	Value of Shipments	Capital Invest.
		Total	with 20 or more employees	Total (000)	Workers (000)	Hours (Mil)	Payroll ($ mil)	Wages ($/hr)	Cost of Materials	Value Added by Manufacture	Value of Shipments	Capital Invest.
Source: 1992, 1997, 2002 Economic Census; other years, up to 2006, are from the Annual Survey of Manufactures. Establishment counts for non-Census years are from County Business Patterns; 1997 and 2002 values are from the 1997 and 2002 censuses respectively, reported in the Federal Government's NAICS format. Other years were originally reported in equivalent SIC format. ‘P’s show projections by the editors.
1991				16.4	12.2	25.6	559.8	14.86	1,883.5	1,936.9	3,777.7	225.3
1992	122	218	138	17.0	12.8	26.8	594.9	15.15	1,869.2	2,149.3	4,050.8	226.2
1993				16.6	12.5	26.1	589.7	15.48	1,948.5	2,146.2	4,186.8	227.2
1994				16.7	12.4	27.0	628.9	15.83	2,000.3	2,799.6	4,808.2	279.6
1995				16.8	12.6	27.5	658.5	16.40	2,232.6	3,205.2	5,342.3	282.2
1996				16.9	12.5	27.8	693.3	16.75	2,281.8	3,508.7	5,818.3	494.8
1997	178	279	136	17.0	12.5	27.3	735.5	18.28	2,479.1	4,027.7	6,540.2	505.6
1998		257	134	17.2	12.7	27.4	756.3	18.46	2,528.9	4,440.5	6,984.0	525.4
1999		273	131	17.3	12.8	28.6	815.7	19.24	2,526.6	4,564.1	7,031.0	691.2
2000		268	138	17.2	12.7	28.0	829.5	20.05	2,589.7	4,693.0	7,161.8	1,108.0
2001		260	143	17.2	12.7	28.2	860.5	20.69	2,724.5	4,791.0	7,570.2	1,430.0
2002	131	246	148	17.9	13.3	28.6	902.1	21.67	2,949.4	4,569.4	7,454.8	1,368.1
2003		237	142	17.4	13.0	28.6	902.4	21.73	2,980.2	4,750.5	7,779.3	792.7
2004		239	146	16.2	12.2	27.3	888.6	23.05	2,935.2	5,382.9	8,342.6	572.4
2005		238	148	16.7	12.7	28.2	956.2	23.94	3,377.4	6,410.9	9,753.9	783.6
2006				17.1	13.2	28.5	978.7	24.70	3,755.6	7,179.6	10,784.6	966.1
2007				17.2P	13.0P	28.9P	1,017.1P	24.90P	3,543.7P	6,774.5P	10,176.1P	1,167.7P
2008				17.2P	13.0P	29.0P	1,045.9P	25.58P	3,685.6P	7,045.9P	10,583.7P	1,228.0P
2009				17.3P	13.0P	29.2P	1,074.8P	26.26P	3,827.6P	7,317.2P	10,991.3P	1,288.4P
2010				17.3P	13.1P	29.3P	1,103.6P	26.94P	3,969.5P	7,588.5P	11,398.9P	1,348.7P

INDICES OF CHANGE
Year	Companies	Establishments		Employment			Compensation		Production ($ million)
		Total	with 20 or more employees	Total (000)	Production		Payroll ($ mil)	Wages ($/hr)	Cost of Materials	Value Added by Manufacture	Value of Shipments	Capital Invest.
		Total	with 20 or more employees	Total (000)	Workers (000)	Hours (Mil)	Payroll ($ mil)	Wages ($/hr)	Cost of Materials	Value Added by Manufacture	Value of Shipments	Capital Invest.
Source: Same as General Statistics. Values reflect change from the base year, 2002. Values above 100 mean greater than 2002, values below 100 mean less than 2002, and the values of 100 in other years means the same as 2002. ‘P’s show projections by the editors.
1992	93	89	93	95	96	94	66	70	63	47	54	17
1997	136	113	92	95	94	95	82	84	84	88	88	37
2001		106	97	96	95	99	95	95	92	105	102	105
2002	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100
2003		96	96	97	98	100	100	100	101	104	104	58
2004		97	99	91	92	95	99	106	100	118	112	42
2005		97	100	93	95	99	106	110	115	140	131	57
2006				96	99	100	108	114	127	157	145	71
2007				96P	98P	101P	113P	115P	120P	148P	137P	85P
2008				96P	98P	101P	116P	118P	125P	154P	142P	90P
2009				97P	98P	102P	119P	121P	130P	160P	147P	94P
2010				97P	98P	102P	122P	124P	135P	166P	153P	99P

SELECTED RATIOS
For 2002	Avg. of All Manufact.	Analyzed Industry	Index	For 2002	Avg. of All Manufact.	Analyzed Industry	Index
Source: Same as General Statistics. The ‘Average of All Manufacturing’ column represents the average of all manufacturing industries reported for the most recent complete year available. The Index shows the relationship between the Average and the Analyzed Industry. For example, 100 means that they are equal; 500 that the Analyzed Industry is five times the average; 50 means that the Analyzed Industry is half the national average. The abbreviation ‘na’ is used to show that data are ‘not available’. Ratios shown for 2002, the last complete census year.
Employees per Establishment	42	73	173	Value Added per Production Worker	182,367	343,564	188
Payroll per Establishment	1,639,184	3,667,073	224	Cost per Establishment	5,769,015	11,989,431	208
Payroll per Employee	39,053	50,397	129	Cost per Employee	137,446	164,771	120
Production Workers per Establishment	30	54	183	Cost per Production Worker	195,506	221,759	113
Wages per Establishment	694,845	2,519,358	363	Shipments per Establishment	11,158,348	30,304,065	272
Wages per Production Worker	23,548	46,599	198	Shipments per Employee	265,847	416,469	157
Hours per Production Worker	1,980	2,150	109	Shipments per Production Worker	378,144	560,511	148
Wages per Hour	11.89	21.67	182	Investment per Establishment	361,338	5,561,382	1,539
Value Added per Establishment	5,381,325	18,574,797	345	Investment per Employee	8,609	76,430	888
Value Added per Employee	128,210	255,274	199	Investment per Production Worker	12,245	102,865	840

LEADING COMPANIES Number shown: 41 Total sales ($ mil): 31,617 Total employment (000): 36.8
Company Name	Address				CEO Name	Phone	Co. Type	Sales ($ mil)	Empl. (000)
Source: Ward's Business Directory of U.S. Private and Public Companies, Volumes 1 and 2, 2008. The company type code used is as follows: P - Public, R - Private, S - Subsidiary, D - Division, J - Joint Venture, A - Affiliate, G - Group. Sales are in millions of dollars, employees are in thousands. An asterisk (*) indicates an estimated sales volume. The symbol < stands for ‘less than’. Company names and addresses are truncated, in some cases, to fit into the available space.
Rinker Materials Corp.	PO Box 24635	W Palm Bch	FL	33416	David Clarke	561-833-5555	R	13,178*	10.5
Lafarge North America Inc.	12950 Worldgate Dr.	Herndon	VA	20170	Philippe R. Rollier	703-480-3600	S	4,021*	15.3
Capitol Aggregates Inc.	PO Box 240130	San Antonio	TX	78224	R Engberg	210-655-3010	R	1,890*	0.2
Ash Grove Texas L.P.	PO Box 520	Midlothian	TX	76065		972-723-2301	R	1,190*	0.1
River Cement Co.	PO Box 1003	Festus	MO	63028	David Nepereny	636-937-7601	S	1,128*	0.2
Hercules Cement Company Inc.	PO Box 69	Stockertown	PA	18083	David Nepereny	610-759-6300	S	1,128*	0.1
Lone Star Industries Inc.	10401 N Meridian St	Indianapolis	IN	46290	Michael Clarke	317-706-3314	S	1,128*	0.1
BUZZI UNICEM USA Inc.	100 Brodhead Rd.	Bethlehem	PA	18017		610-866-4400	R	1,128*	<0.1
Texas Industries Inc.	1341 W Mckingbird	Dallas	TX	75247	Mel G. Brekhus	972-647-6700	P	996	2.7
Eagle Materials Inc.	3811 Turtle Creek	Dallas	TX	75219	Steven Rowley	214-432-2000	P	922	2.0
Holcim Inc.	6211 N Ann Arbor	Dundee	MI	48131		734-529-2411	R	849*	0.3
Ash Grove Cement Co.	PO Box 25900	Overland Park	KS	66225		913-451-8900	R	662*	<0.1
Giant Cement Co.	320 Midland Pkwy.	Summerville	SC	29485	Manuel Lopp	843-851-9898	R	650*	<0.1
Alamo Cement Co.	PO Box 34807	San Antonio	TX	78265		210-208-1880	R	639*	0.3
Glens Falls Leigh Cement Co.	PO Box 440	Glens Falls	NY	12801		518-792-1137	R	639*	0.1
Hanson Aggregates West	2680 Bishop Dr.	San Ramon	CA	94583	Jim Kitzmiller	925-328-1800	S	406*	2.0
St. Lawrence Cement Co.	3 Columbia Cir., 1	Albany	NY	12203	Philippe Arto	518-452-3001	S	268*	0.3
Giant Cement Holding Inc.	320 Midland Pkwy.	Summerville	SC	29485	Manuel Llop	843-851-9898	S	156*	0.8
Quikrete Co's Inc.	3490 Piedmont NE	Atlanta	GA	30305	Gene Winchester	404-634-9100	R	111*	<0.1
Roanoke Cement Company L.L.C.	6071 Catawba Rd.	Troutville	VA	24175		540-966-1525	R	68*	0.2
Keystone Cement Co.	PO Box A	Bath	PA	18014	Manuel Llop	610-837-1881	S	53*	0.2
California Portland Cement Co.	PO Box 910	Mojave	CA	93502		661-824-2401	R	50*	0.1
Signal Mountain Cement Co.	PO Box 4304	Chattanooga	TN	37405	George Garcia	423-886-0800	R	48*	0.1
Ciment St Larent Inc.	1260 Security Rd.	Hagerstown	MD	21742		301-739-1150	R	46*	0.1
Heldenfels Enterprises Inc.	5700 S I H 35	San Marcos	TX	78666	F Heldenfels	512-396-2376	R	40*	0.2
Metro Materials Inc.	2174 E Person Ave.	Memphis	TN	38114	Perry Ferrell	901-324-3894	S	38*	<0.1
M and P Industries Inc.	PO Box 187	Lesage	WV	25537	Pete Mastrangelo	304-736-4046	R	31*	<0.1
Erie Strayer Co.	PO Box 1031	Erie	PA	16512	Hamilton Strayer	814-456-7001	R	30*	0.1
AHI Supply Inc.	PO Box 884	Friendswood	TX	77549	Bob Allen	281-482-8292	R	22*	<0.1
Bend Industries Inc.	2200 S Main St.	West Bend	WI	53095		262-338-5700	R	17*	<0.1
E. Dillon and Co.	PO Box 160	Swords Creek	VA	24649	David Skidmore	276-873-6816	R	16*	0.1
Cemex	430 N Vineyard	Ontario	CA	91764	Gilberto Perez	909-974-5500	S	16*	<0.1
De Witt Products Co.	5860 Plumer St.	Detroit	MI	48209	Donald Clellan	313-554-0575	R	13*	<0.1
Mutual-Target L.L.C.	PO Box 2009	Bellevue	WA	98009		425-452-2300	R	9*	<0.1
Euclid Chemical Company Inc.	3835 State Rte. 72	Kirkland	IL	60146	Thomas McCall	815-522-3394	R	9*	<0.1
SAI Hydraulics Inc.	168 E Ridge Rd.	Marcus Hook	PA	19061	Mariano Pecorari	610-497-0190	R	6*	<0.1
ESSROC Cement Corp.	3251 Bath Pke.	Nazareth	PA	18064		610-837-6725	R	6*	<0.1
Salt River Pima Maricopa India	8800 E Chaparral Rd	Scottsdale	AZ	85250		480-850-5757	R	4*	<0.1
Lambert Corporation Florida	20 Coburn Ave.	Orlando	FL	32805	Steven Meyer	407-841-2940	R	3*	<0.1
General Material Co.	13098 Gravois Rd.	Saint Louis	MO	63127	George Winter	314-843-1400	R	3*	<0.1
Arizona Portland Cement Co.	2400 N Central Ave.	Phoenix	AZ	85004		602-271-0069	S	2*	<0.1

MATERIALS CONSUMED
Material	Quantity	Delivered Cost ($ million)
Source: 2002 Economic Census. Explanation of symbols used: (D): Withheld to avoid disclosure of competitive data; na: Not available; (S): Withheld because statistical norms were not met; (X): Not applicable; (Z): Less than half the unit shown; nec: Not elsewhere classified; nsk: Not specified by kind; - : zero; p : 10-19 percent estimated; q : 20-29 percent estimated.
Paperboard liners	(X)	(D)
Paper shipping sacks and multiwall bags	(X)	(D)
Other paper and paperboard products	(X)	8.9
Refractories, clay and nonclay	(X)	79.6
Cement clinker	(X)	211.6
Minerals and earths, ground or otherwise treated	(X)	177.6
Other stone, clay, glass, and concrete products	(X)	110.0
Crushed and broken stone (cement rock, limestone, etc.)	(X)	133.5
Abrasives and abrasive products	(X)	7.9
All other materials, components, parts, containers, and supplies	(X)	519.5
Materials, ingredients, containers, and supplies, nsk	(X)	246.7

PRODUCT SHARE DETAILS
Product or Product Class Shipments	$ Mil.	Product or Product Class Shipments	$ Mil.
Source: 2002 Economic Census. The values are product shipments in millions of dollars for 2002. Total product shipments may be lower or higher than industry shipments. See Introduction for a full discussion. Values of indented subcategories are summed in the main heading(s). The symbol (D) appears when data are withheld to prevent disclosure of competitive information. The abbreviation nsk stands for ‘not specified by kind’ and nec for ‘not elsewhere classified’. A dash (-) means zero.
CEMENT	7,219.0	Other portland hydraulic cements (oil well, white cement, blended cements, etc.) including low heat of hydration ASTM type IV (including cost of shipping containers)	292.5
Cement, hydraulic (including cost of shipping containers)	7,219.0	Other cements (including cost of shipping containers)	776.7
Normal portland cement ASTM type I, hydraulic (including cost of shipping containers)	3,959.6	Masonry cement, hydraulic (including cost of shipping containers)	579.4
Portland cement, moderate heat of hydration (moderate sulfate resistance) ASTM type II, hydraulic (including cost of shipping containers)	1,519.6	Other cements (natural, hydraulic lime, etc.) (including cost of shipping containers)	156.8
Other portland hydraulic cements, including ASTM type III, ASTM type IV, and ASTM type V	687.7	Cement clinker, for sale separately, hydraulic (including cost of shipping containers)	40.5
Portland cement, high early strength ASTM type III, hydraulic (including cost of shipping containers)	284.7	Cement, hydraulic (including cost of shipping containers), nsk, total	275.5
Portland cement, high sulfate resistance ASTM type V, hydraulic (including cost of shipping containers)	110.5

INPUTS AND OUTPUTS FOR CEMENT MANUFACTURING
Economic Sector or Industry Providing Inputs	%	Sector	Economic Sector or Industry Buying Outputs	%	Sector
Compensation of employees	16.7		Ready-mix concrete	44.6	Manufg.
Power generation & supply	7.6	Util.	Concrete pipe, brick, & block	8.1	Manufg.
Natural gas distribution	5.6	Util.	Residential permanent site structures	7.3	Construct.
Cement	3.7	Manufg.	Nonresidential structures, nec	6.1	Construct.
Management of companies & enterprises	3.0	Services	Concrete products, nec	5.4	Manufg.
Ground or treated mineral & earth	2.8	Manufg.	Cement	3.2	Manufg.
Wholesale trade	2.3	Trade	Owner-occupied dwellings	2.8
Clay & nonclay refractory manufacturing	1.4	Manufg.	Nonmetallic mineral products, nec	2.3	Manufg.
Taxes on production & imports, less subsidies	1.2		Oil & gas well drilling	2.2	Mining
Truck transportation	1.2	Util.	Residential structures, nec	2.2	Construct.
Rail transportation	1.2	Util.	Food services & drinking places	2.1	Services
Maintenance/repair of nonresidential structures	1.1	Construct.	Commercial & health care structures	2.0	Construct.
Services to buildings & dwellings	0.9	Services	Maintenance/repair of nonresidential structures	2.0	Construct.
Coal	0.9	Mining	Oil & gas operations services	1.4	Mining
Chemical products & preparations, nec	0.9	Manufg.	Change in private inventories	0.8	In House
Noncomparable imports	0.9	Foreign	Oil & gas extraction	0.7	Mining
Semiconductors & related devices	0.8	Manufg.	Plastics products, nec	0.7	Manufg.
Paper bag & coated paper, nec	0.8	Manufg.	Exports of goods & services	0.6	Cap Inv
Printed circuit assemblies (electronic assembiles)	0.7	Manufg.	Engine equipment, nec	0.6	Manufg.
Architectural, engineering, & related services	0.7	Services	Maintenance/repair of residential structures	0.5	Construct.
Lime & gypsum products	0.7	Manufg.	Other S/L govt. enterprises	0.5	S/L Govt
Automotive repair & maintenance, ex. car washes	0.7	Services	Architectural, engineering, & related services	0.4	Services
Petroleum refineries	0.6	Manufg.	Semiconductors & related devices	0.4	Manufg.
Commercial & industrial equipment repair/maintenance	0.6	Services	Rail transportation	0.4	Util.
Wood containers & pallets	0.5	Manufg.	Natural gas distribution	0.3	Util.
Coating, engraving, heat treating & allied activities	0.5	Manufg.	Telecommunications	0.3	Services
Specialized design services	0.5	Services	S/L govt. passenger transit	0.3	S/L Govt
Monetary authorities/depository credit intermediation	0.5	Fin/R.E.	Retail trade	0.3	Trade
Employment services	0.4	Services	Mineral wool	0.2	Manufg.
Legal services	0.4	Services	Motor vehicle parts	0.2	Manufg.
Business support services	0.4	Services	Data processing, hosting, & related services	0.2	Services
Machine shops	0.4	Manufg.	Miscellaneous mining services	0.1	Mining
Professional, scientific, technical services, nec	0.4	Services	Computer terminals & peripherals	0.1	Manufg.
Automotive equipment rental & leasing	0.4	Fin/R.E.	Commercial & industrial machinery rental & leasing	0.1	Fin/R.E.
Motor vehicle parts	0.4	Manufg.
Mineral wool	0.4	Manufg.
Fabricated metals, nec	0.3	Manufg.
Management, scientific, & technical consulting	0.3	Services
Abrasive products	0.3	Manufg.
Pressed & blown glass & glassware, nec	0.3	Manufg.
Sand, gravel, clay, & refractory minerals	0.3	Mining
Advertising & related services	0.3	Services
Lessors of nonfinancial assets	0.2	Fin/R.E.
Paperboard containers	0.2	Manufg.
Real estate	0.2	Fin/R.E.
Support services, nec	0.2	Services
Scientific research & development services	0.2	Services
Food services & drinking places	0.2	Services
Commercial & industrial machinery rental & leasing	0.2	Fin/R.E.
Investigation & security services	0.2	Services
Paperboard mills	0.2	Manufg.
Data processing, hosting, & related services	0.2	Services
Telecommunications	0.2	Services
Warehousing & storage	0.2	Util.
Electronic & precision equipment repair/maintenance	0.2	Services

INPUTS AND OUTPUTS FOR CEMENT MANUFACTURING - Continued
Economic Sector or Industry Providing Inputs	%	Sector	Economic Sector or Industry Buying Outputs	%	Sector
Source: Benchmark Input-Output Accounts for the U.S. Economy, 2002, U.S. Department of Commerce, Washington, D.C., January 2008. The abbreviation nec stands for ‘not elsewhere classified’.
Accounting, tax preparation, bookkeeping, & payroll	0.1	Services
Hardware	0.1	Manufg.
Basic organic chemicals, nec	0.1	Manufg.
Nonmetallic minerals, nec	0.1	Mining
Personal & household goods repair/maintenance	0.1	Services
Securities, commodity contracts, investments	0.1	Fin/R.E.
Glass products from purchased glass	0.1	Manufg.
Stone mining & quarrying	0.1	Mining
Nonmetallic mineral products, nec	0.1	Manufg.
Hotels & motels, including casino hotels	0.1	Services
Bare printed circuit boards	0.1	Manufg.
Basic inorganic chemicals, nec	0.1	Manufg.

OCCUPATIONS EMPLOYED BY CEMENT & CONCRETE PRODUCT MANUFACTURING
Occupation	% of Total 2006	Change to 2016	Occupation	% of Total 2006	Change to 2016
Source: Industry-Occupation Matrix, Bureau of Labor Statistics, December 4, 2007. These data are reported based on 4-digit NAICS categories but have been matched to corresponding 6-digit NAICS industry codes. The change reported for each occupation to the year 2016 is a percent of growth or decline as estimated by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The abbreviation nec stands for ‘not elsewhere classified’.
Truck drivers, heavy & tractor-trailer	31.2	8.6	Bus & truck mechanics & diesel engine specialists	2.1	8.6
Molders, shapers, & casters, exc metal & plastic	5.3	8.6	Dispatchers, exc police, fire, & ambulance	1.9	-2.3
Extruding, forming, pressing machine operators	3.8	8.6	Maintenance & repair workers, general	1.8	8.6
Laborers & freight, stock, & material movers, hand	3.2	-2.3	Operating engineers & other construction equip operators	1.8	8.6
Mixing & blending machine operators & tenders	3.2	8.6	General & operations managers	1.7	-2.3
Sales reps, wholesale & manufacturing, exc tech	2.7	8.6	Truck drivers, light or delivery services	1.6	8.6
Helpers--Production workers	2.5	8.6	First-line supervisors/managers of transportation work	1.6	8.6
Cement masons & concrete finishers	2.5	8.6	Office clerks, general	1.5	6.9
Industrial truck & tractor operators	2.4	-2.3	Bookkeeping, accounting, & auditing clerks	1.4	8.6
First-line supervisors/managers of production workers	2.3	8.6	Team assemblers	1.2	8.6
Construction laborers	2.2	8.6	Welders, cutters, solderers, & brazers	1.1	15.5

INDUSTRY DATA BY STATE
State	Establishments	Shipments			Employment				Cost as % of Shipments	Investment per Employee ($)
State	Establishments	Total ($ mil)	% of U.S.	Per Establ.	Total Number	% of U.S.	Per Establ.	Wages ($/hour)	Cost as % of Shipments	Investment per Employee ($)
California	25	1,005.1	13.5	40,203.8	2,039	11.4	82	22.29	42.1	21,606
Texas	17	877.8	11.8	51,637.9	1,730	9.7	102	19.91	38.5	22,755
Pennsylvania	20	585.8	7.9	29,288.4	1,666	9.3	83	21.98	36.3	28,357
Michigan	9	439.6	5.9	48,849.3	966	5.4	107	23.71	42.3	9,788
Missouri	10	428.1	5.7	42,807.1	947	5.3	95	23.88	31.0	14,264
Florida	12	389.3	5.2	32,438.8	889	5.0	74	20.56	40.0	36,886

INDUSTRY DATA BY STATE - Continued
State	Establishments	Shipments			Employment				Cost as % of Shipments	Investment per Employee ($)
State	Establishments	Total ($ mil)	% of U.S.	Per Establ.	Total Number	% of U.S.	Per Establ.	Wages ($/hour)	Cost as % of Shipments	Investment per Employee ($)
Source: 2002 Economic Census. The states are in descending order of shipments or establishments (if shipment data are missing for the majority). The symbol (D) appears when data are withheld to prevent disclosure of competitive information. States marked with (D) are sorted by number of establishments. A dash (-) indicates that the data element cannot be calculated. Data may not show all states active in the NAICS category. All data available at the time of publication are shown.
Indiana	5	286.5	3.8	57,303.0	626	3.5	125	20.70	31.9	45,594
Illinois	13	280.0	3.8	21,538.5	686	3.8	53	18.30	45.9	22,538
New York	11	238.6	3.2	21,692.7	581	3.3	53	22.62	33.5	29,971
Iowa	7	210.6	2.8	30,082.1	465	2.6	66	21.27	35.0	30,770
Kansas	5	176.2	2.4	35,230.4	549	3.1	110	20.08	36.6	29,953
Ohio	12	129.3	1.7	10,776.9	340	1.9	28	22.86	35.8	10,644
Tennessee	7	127.6	1.7	18,225.1	242	1.4	35	22.97	27.0	8,351
Oklahoma	4	126.8	1.7	31,697.7	376	2.1	94	17.65	28.3	9,471

NAICS 327310 - Cement Manufacturing

GENERAL STATISTICS
Year	Companies	Establishments		Employment			Compensation		Production ($ million)
		Total	with 20 or more employees	Total (000)	Production		Payroll ($ mil)	Wages ($/hr)	Cost of Materials	Value Added by Manufacture	Value of Shipments	Capital Invest.
		Total	with 20 or more employees	Total (000)	Workers (000)	Hours (Mil)	Payroll ($ mil)	Wages ($/hr)	Cost of Materials	Value Added by Manufacture	Value of Shipments	Capital Invest.
Source: 1992, 1997, 2002 Economic Census; other years, up to 2006, are from the Annual Survey of Manufactures. Establishment counts for non-Census years are from County Business Patterns; 1997 and 2002 values are from the 1997 and 2002 censuses respectively, reported in the Federal Government's NAICS format. Other years were originally reported in equivalent SIC format. ‘P’s show projections by the editors.
1991				16.4	12.2	25.6	559.8	14.86	1,883.5	1,936.9	3,777.7	225.3
1992	122	218	138	17.0	12.8	26.8	594.9	15.15	1,869.2	2,149.3	4,050.8	226.2
1993				16.6	12.5	26.1	589.7	15.48	1,948.5	2,146.2	4,186.8	227.2
1994				16.7	12.4	27.0	628.9	15.83	2,000.3	2,799.6	4,808.2	279.6
1995				16.8	12.6	27.5	658.5	16.40	2,232.6	3,205.2	5,342.3	282.2
1996				16.9	12.5	27.8	693.3	16.75	2,281.8	3,508.7	5,818.3	494.8
1997	178	279	136	17.0	12.5	27.3	735.5	18.28	2,479.1	4,027.7	6,540.2	505.6
1998		257	134	17.2	12.7	27.4	756.3	18.46	2,528.9	4,440.5	6,984.0	525.4
1999		273	131	17.3	12.8	28.6	815.7	19.24	2,526.6	4,564.1	7,031.0	691.2
2000		268	138	17.2	12.7	28.0	829.5	20.05	2,589.7	4,693.0	7,161.8	1,108.0
2001		260	143	17.2	12.7	28.2	860.5	20.69	2,724.5	4,791.0	7,570.2	1,430.0
2002	131	246	148	17.9	13.3	28.6	902.1	21.67	2,949.4	4,569.4	7,454.8	1,368.1
2003		237	142	17.4	13.0	28.6	902.4	21.73	2,980.2	4,750.5	7,779.3	792.7
2004		239	146	16.2	12.2	27.3	888.6	23.05	2,935.2	5,382.9	8,342.6	572.4
2005		238	148	16.7	12.7	28.2	956.2	23.94	3,377.4	6,410.9	9,753.9	783.6
2006				17.1	13.2	28.5	978.7	24.70	3,755.6	7,179.6	10,784.6	966.1
2007				17.2P	13.0P	28.9P	1,017.1P	24.90P	3,543.7P	6,774.5P	10,176.1P	1,167.7P
2008				17.2P	13.0P	29.0P	1,045.9P	25.58P	3,685.6P	7,045.9P	10,583.7P	1,228.0P
2009				17.3P	13.0P	29.2P	1,074.8P	26.26P	3,827.6P	7,317.2P	10,991.3P	1,288.4P
2010				17.3P	13.1P	29.3P	1,103.6P	26.94P	3,969.5P	7,588.5P	11,398.9P	1,348.7P

INDICES OF CHANGE
Year	Companies	Establishments		Employment			Compensation		Production ($ million)
		Total	with 20 or more employees	Total (000)	Production		Payroll ($ mil)	Wages ($/hr)	Cost of Materials	Value Added by Manufacture	Value of Shipments	Capital Invest.
		Total	with 20 or more employees	Total (000)	Workers (000)	Hours (Mil)	Payroll ($ mil)	Wages ($/hr)	Cost of Materials	Value Added by Manufacture	Value of Shipments	Capital Invest.
Source: Same as General Statistics. Values reflect change from the base year, 2002. Values above 100 mean greater than 2002, values below 100 mean less than 2002, and the values of 100 in other years means the same as 2002. ‘P’s show projections by the editors.
1992	93	89	93	95	96	94	66	70	63	47	54	17
1997	136	113	92	95	94	95	82	84	84	88	88	37
2001		106	97	96	95	99	95	95	92	105	102	105
2002	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100
2003		96	96	97	98	100	100	100	101	104	104	58
2004		97	99	91	92	95	99	106	100	118	112	42
2005		97	100	93	95	99	106	110	115	140	131	57
2006				96	99	100	108	114	127	157	145	71
2007				96P	98P	101P	113P	115P	120P	148P	137P	85P
2008				96P	98P	101P	116P	118P	125P	154P	142P	90P
2009				97P	98P	102P	119P	121P	130P	160P	147P	94P
2010				97P	98P	102P	122P	124P	135P	166P	153P	99P

SELECTED RATIOS
For 2002	Avg. of All Manufact.	Analyzed Industry	Index	For 2002	Avg. of All Manufact.	Analyzed Industry	Index
Source: Same as General Statistics. The ‘Average of All Manufacturing’ column represents the average of all manufacturing industries reported for the most recent complete year available. The Index shows the relationship between the Average and the Analyzed Industry. For example, 100 means that they are equal; 500 that the Analyzed Industry is five times the average; 50 means that the Analyzed Industry is half the national average. The abbreviation ‘na’ is used to show that data are ‘not available’. Ratios shown for 2002, the last complete census year.
Employees per Establishment	42	73	173	Value Added per Production Worker	182,367	343,564	188
Payroll per Establishment	1,639,184	3,667,073	224	Cost per Establishment	5,769,015	11,989,431	208
Payroll per Employee	39,053	50,397	129	Cost per Employee	137,446	164,771	120
Production Workers per Establishment	30	54	183	Cost per Production Worker	195,506	221,759	113
Wages per Establishment	694,845	2,519,358	363	Shipments per Establishment	11,158,348	30,304,065	272
Wages per Production Worker	23,548	46,599	198	Shipments per Employee	265,847	416,469	157
Hours per Production Worker	1,980	2,150	109	Shipments per Production Worker	378,144	560,511	148
Wages per Hour	11.89	21.67	182	Investment per Establishment	361,338	5,561,382	1,539
Value Added per Establishment	5,381,325	18,574,797	345	Investment per Employee	8,609	76,430	888
Value Added per Employee	128,210	255,274	199	Investment per Production Worker	12,245	102,865	840

LEADING COMPANIES Number shown: 41 Total sales ($ mil): 31,617 Total employment (000): 36.8
Company Name	Address				CEO Name	Phone	Co. Type	Sales ($ mil)	Empl. (000)
Source: Ward's Business Directory of U.S. Private and Public Companies, Volumes 1 and 2, 2008. The company type code used is as follows: P - Public, R - Private, S - Subsidiary, D - Division, J - Joint Venture, A - Affiliate, G - Group. Sales are in millions of dollars, employees are in thousands. An asterisk (*) indicates an estimated sales volume. The symbol < stands for ‘less than’. Company names and addresses are truncated, in some cases, to fit into the available space.
Rinker Materials Corp.	PO Box 24635	W Palm Bch	FL	33416	David Clarke	561-833-5555	R	13,178*	10.5
Lafarge North America Inc.	12950 Worldgate Dr.	Herndon	VA	20170	Philippe R. Rollier	703-480-3600	S	4,021*	15.3
Capitol Aggregates Inc.	PO Box 240130	San Antonio	TX	78224	R Engberg	210-655-3010	R	1,890*	0.2
Ash Grove Texas L.P.	PO Box 520	Midlothian	TX	76065		972-723-2301	R	1,190*	0.1
River Cement Co.	PO Box 1003	Festus	MO	63028	David Nepereny	636-937-7601	S	1,128*	0.2
Hercules Cement Company Inc.	PO Box 69	Stockertown	PA	18083	David Nepereny	610-759-6300	S	1,128*	0.1
Lone Star Industries Inc.	10401 N Meridian St	Indianapolis	IN	46290	Michael Clarke	317-706-3314	S	1,128*	0.1
BUZZI UNICEM USA Inc.	100 Brodhead Rd.	Bethlehem	PA	18017		610-866-4400	R	1,128*	<0.1
Texas Industries Inc.	1341 W Mckingbird	Dallas	TX	75247	Mel G. Brekhus	972-647-6700	P	996	2.7
Eagle Materials Inc.	3811 Turtle Creek	Dallas	TX	75219	Steven Rowley	214-432-2000	P	922	2.0
Holcim Inc.	6211 N Ann Arbor	Dundee	MI	48131		734-529-2411	R	849*	0.3
Ash Grove Cement Co.	PO Box 25900	Overland Park	KS	66225		913-451-8900	R	662*	<0.1
Giant Cement Co.	320 Midland Pkwy.	Summerville	SC	29485	Manuel Lopp	843-851-9898	R	650*	<0.1
Alamo Cement Co.	PO Box 34807	San Antonio	TX	78265		210-208-1880	R	639*	0.3
Glens Falls Leigh Cement Co.	PO Box 440	Glens Falls	NY	12801		518-792-1137	R	639*	0.1
Hanson Aggregates West	2680 Bishop Dr.	San Ramon	CA	94583	Jim Kitzmiller	925-328-1800	S	406*	2.0
St. Lawrence Cement Co.	3 Columbia Cir., 1	Albany	NY	12203	Philippe Arto	518-452-3001	S	268*	0.3
Giant Cement Holding Inc.	320 Midland Pkwy.	Summerville	SC	29485	Manuel Llop	843-851-9898	S	156*	0.8
Quikrete Co's Inc.	3490 Piedmont NE	Atlanta	GA	30305	Gene Winchester	404-634-9100	R	111*	<0.1
Roanoke Cement Company L.L.C.	6071 Catawba Rd.	Troutville	VA	24175		540-966-1525	R	68*	0.2
Keystone Cement Co.	PO Box A	Bath	PA	18014	Manuel Llop	610-837-1881	S	53*	0.2
California Portland Cement Co.	PO Box 910	Mojave	CA	93502		661-824-2401	R	50*	0.1
Signal Mountain Cement Co.	PO Box 4304	Chattanooga	TN	37405	George Garcia	423-886-0800	R	48*	0.1
Ciment St Larent Inc.	1260 Security Rd.	Hagerstown	MD	21742		301-739-1150	R	46*	0.1
Heldenfels Enterprises Inc.	5700 S I H 35	San Marcos	TX	78666	F Heldenfels	512-396-2376	R	40*	0.2
Metro Materials Inc.	2174 E Person Ave.	Memphis	TN	38114	Perry Ferrell	901-324-3894	S	38*	<0.1
M and P Industries Inc.	PO Box 187	Lesage	WV	25537	Pete Mastrangelo	304-736-4046	R	31*	<0.1
Erie Strayer Co.	PO Box 1031	Erie	PA	16512	Hamilton Strayer	814-456-7001	R	30*	0.1
AHI Supply Inc.	PO Box 884	Friendswood	TX	77549	Bob Allen	281-482-8292	R	22*	<0.1
Bend Industries Inc.	2200 S Main St.	West Bend	WI	53095		262-338-5700	R	17*	<0.1
E. Dillon and Co.	PO Box 160	Swords Creek	VA	24649	David Skidmore	276-873-6816	R	16*	0.1
Cemex	430 N Vineyard	Ontario	CA	91764	Gilberto Perez	909-974-5500	S	16*	<0.1
De Witt Products Co.	5860 Plumer St.	Detroit	MI	48209	Donald Clellan	313-554-0575	R	13*	<0.1
Mutual-Target L.L.C.	PO Box 2009	Bellevue	WA	98009		425-452-2300	R	9*	<0.1
Euclid Chemical Company Inc.	3835 State Rte. 72	Kirkland	IL	60146	Thomas McCall	815-522-3394	R	9*	<0.1
SAI Hydraulics Inc.	168 E Ridge Rd.	Marcus Hook	PA	19061	Mariano Pecorari	610-497-0190	R	6*	<0.1
ESSROC Cement Corp.	3251 Bath Pke.	Nazareth	PA	18064		610-837-6725	R	6*	<0.1
Salt River Pima Maricopa India	8800 E Chaparral Rd	Scottsdale	AZ	85250		480-850-5757	R	4*	<0.1
Lambert Corporation Florida	20 Coburn Ave.	Orlando	FL	32805	Steven Meyer	407-841-2940	R	3*	<0.1
General Material Co.	13098 Gravois Rd.	Saint Louis	MO	63127	George Winter	314-843-1400	R	3*	<0.1
Arizona Portland Cement Co.	2400 N Central Ave.	Phoenix	AZ	85004		602-271-0069	S	2*	<0.1

MATERIALS CONSUMED
Material	Quantity	Delivered Cost ($ million)
Source: 2002 Economic Census. Explanation of symbols used: (D): Withheld to avoid disclosure of competitive data; na: Not available; (S): Withheld because statistical norms were not met; (X): Not applicable; (Z): Less than half the unit shown; nec: Not elsewhere classified; nsk: Not specified by kind; - : zero; p : 10-19 percent estimated; q : 20-29 percent estimated.
Paperboard liners	(X)	(D)
Paper shipping sacks and multiwall bags	(X)	(D)
Other paper and paperboard products	(X)	8.9
Refractories, clay and nonclay	(X)	79.6
Cement clinker	(X)	211.6
Minerals and earths, ground or otherwise treated	(X)	177.6
Other stone, clay, glass, and concrete products	(X)	110.0
Crushed and broken stone (cement rock, limestone, etc.)	(X)	133.5
Abrasives and abrasive products	(X)	7.9
All other materials, components, parts, containers, and supplies	(X)	519.5
Materials, ingredients, containers, and supplies, nsk	(X)	246.7

PRODUCT SHARE DETAILS
Product or Product Class Shipments	$ Mil.	Product or Product Class Shipments	$ Mil.
Source: 2002 Economic Census. The values are product shipments in millions of dollars for 2002. Total product shipments may be lower or higher than industry shipments. See Introduction for a full discussion. Values of indented subcategories are summed in the main heading(s). The symbol (D) appears when data are withheld to prevent disclosure of competitive information. The abbreviation nsk stands for ‘not specified by kind’ and nec for ‘not elsewhere classified’. A dash (-) means zero.
CEMENT	7,219.0	Other portland hydraulic cements (oil well, white cement, blended cements, etc.) including low heat of hydration ASTM type IV (including cost of shipping containers)	292.5
Cement, hydraulic (including cost of shipping containers)	7,219.0	Other cements (including cost of shipping containers)	776.7
Normal portland cement ASTM type I, hydraulic (including cost of shipping containers)	3,959.6	Masonry cement, hydraulic (including cost of shipping containers)	579.4
Portland cement, moderate heat of hydration (moderate sulfate resistance) ASTM type II, hydraulic (including cost of shipping containers)	1,519.6	Other cements (natural, hydraulic lime, etc.) (including cost of shipping containers)	156.8
Other portland hydraulic cements, including ASTM type III, ASTM type IV, and ASTM type V	687.7	Cement clinker, for sale separately, hydraulic (including cost of shipping containers)	40.5
Portland cement, high early strength ASTM type III, hydraulic (including cost of shipping containers)	284.7	Cement, hydraulic (including cost of shipping containers), nsk, total	275.5
Portland cement, high sulfate resistance ASTM type V, hydraulic (including cost of shipping containers)	110.5

INPUTS AND OUTPUTS FOR CEMENT MANUFACTURING
Economic Sector or Industry Providing Inputs	%	Sector	Economic Sector or Industry Buying Outputs	%	Sector
Compensation of employees	16.7		Ready-mix concrete	44.6	Manufg.
Power generation & supply	7.6	Util.	Concrete pipe, brick, & block	8.1	Manufg.
Natural gas distribution	5.6	Util.	Residential permanent site structures	7.3	Construct.
Cement	3.7	Manufg.	Nonresidential structures, nec	6.1	Construct.
Management of companies & enterprises	3.0	Services	Concrete products, nec	5.4	Manufg.
Ground or treated mineral & earth	2.8	Manufg.	Cement	3.2	Manufg.
Wholesale trade	2.3	Trade	Owner-occupied dwellings	2.8
Clay & nonclay refractory manufacturing	1.4	Manufg.	Nonmetallic mineral products, nec	2.3	Manufg.
Taxes on production & imports, less subsidies	1.2		Oil & gas well drilling	2.2	Mining
Truck transportation	1.2	Util.	Residential structures, nec	2.2	Construct.
Rail transportation	1.2	Util.	Food services & drinking places	2.1	Services
Maintenance/repair of nonresidential structures	1.1	Construct.	Commercial & health care structures	2.0	Construct.
Services to buildings & dwellings	0.9	Services	Maintenance/repair of nonresidential structures	2.0	Construct.
Coal	0.9	Mining	Oil & gas operations services	1.4	Mining
Chemical products & preparations, nec	0.9	Manufg.	Change in private inventories	0.8	In House
Noncomparable imports	0.9	Foreign	Oil & gas extraction	0.7	Mining
Semiconductors & related devices	0.8	Manufg.	Plastics products, nec	0.7	Manufg.
Paper bag & coated paper, nec	0.8	Manufg.	Exports of goods & services	0.6	Cap Inv
Printed circuit assemblies (electronic assembiles)	0.7	Manufg.	Engine equipment, nec	0.6	Manufg.
Architectural, engineering, & related services	0.7	Services	Maintenance/repair of residential structures	0.5	Construct.
Lime & gypsum products	0.7	Manufg.	Other S/L govt. enterprises	0.5	S/L Govt
Automotive repair & maintenance, ex. car washes	0.7	Services	Architectural, engineering, & related services	0.4	Services
Petroleum refineries	0.6	Manufg.	Semiconductors & related devices	0.4	Manufg.
Commercial & industrial equipment repair/maintenance	0.6	Services	Rail transportation	0.4	Util.
Wood containers & pallets	0.5	Manufg.	Natural gas distribution	0.3	Util.
Coating, engraving, heat treating & allied activities	0.5	Manufg.	Telecommunications	0.3	Services
Specialized design services	0.5	Services	S/L govt. passenger transit	0.3	S/L Govt
Monetary authorities/depository credit intermediation	0.5	Fin/R.E.	Retail trade	0.3	Trade
Employment services	0.4	Services	Mineral wool	0.2	Manufg.
Legal services	0.4	Services	Motor vehicle parts	0.2	Manufg.
Business support services	0.4	Services	Data processing, hosting, & related services	0.2	Services
Machine shops	0.4	Manufg.	Miscellaneous mining services	0.1	Mining
Professional, scientific, technical services, nec	0.4	Services	Computer terminals & peripherals	0.1	Manufg.
Automotive equipment rental & leasing	0.4	Fin/R.E.	Commercial & industrial machinery rental & leasing	0.1	Fin/R.E.
Motor vehicle parts	0.4	Manufg.
Mineral wool	0.4	Manufg.
Fabricated metals, nec	0.3	Manufg.
Management, scientific, & technical consulting	0.3	Services
Abrasive products	0.3	Manufg.
Pressed & blown glass & glassware, nec	0.3	Manufg.
Sand, gravel, clay, & refractory minerals	0.3	Mining
Advertising & related services	0.3	Services
Lessors of nonfinancial assets	0.2	Fin/R.E.
Paperboard containers	0.2	Manufg.
Real estate	0.2	Fin/R.E.
Support services, nec	0.2	Services
Scientific research & development services	0.2	Services
Food services & drinking places	0.2	Services
Commercial & industrial machinery rental & leasing	0.2	Fin/R.E.
Investigation & security services	0.2	Services
Paperboard mills	0.2	Manufg.
Data processing, hosting, & related services	0.2	Services
Telecommunications	0.2	Services
Warehousing & storage	0.2	Util.
Electronic & precision equipment repair/maintenance	0.2	Services

INPUTS AND OUTPUTS FOR CEMENT MANUFACTURING - Continued
Economic Sector or Industry Providing Inputs	%	Sector	Economic Sector or Industry Buying Outputs	%	Sector
Source: Benchmark Input-Output Accounts for the U.S. Economy, 2002, U.S. Department of Commerce, Washington, D.C., January 2008. The abbreviation nec stands for ‘not elsewhere classified’.
Accounting, tax preparation, bookkeeping, & payroll	0.1	Services
Hardware	0.1	Manufg.
Basic organic chemicals, nec	0.1	Manufg.
Nonmetallic minerals, nec	0.1	Mining
Personal & household goods repair/maintenance	0.1	Services
Securities, commodity contracts, investments	0.1	Fin/R.E.
Glass products from purchased glass	0.1	Manufg.
Stone mining & quarrying	0.1	Mining
Nonmetallic mineral products, nec	0.1	Manufg.
Hotels & motels, including casino hotels	0.1	Services
Bare printed circuit boards	0.1	Manufg.
Basic inorganic chemicals, nec	0.1	Manufg.

OCCUPATIONS EMPLOYED BY CEMENT & CONCRETE PRODUCT MANUFACTURING
Occupation	% of Total 2006	Change to 2016	Occupation	% of Total 2006	Change to 2016
Source: Industry-Occupation Matrix, Bureau of Labor Statistics, December 4, 2007. These data are reported based on 4-digit NAICS categories but have been matched to corresponding 6-digit NAICS industry codes. The change reported for each occupation to the year 2016 is a percent of growth or decline as estimated by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The abbreviation nec stands for ‘not elsewhere classified’.
Truck drivers, heavy & tractor-trailer	31.2	8.6	Bus & truck mechanics & diesel engine specialists	2.1	8.6
Molders, shapers, & casters, exc metal & plastic	5.3	8.6	Dispatchers, exc police, fire, & ambulance	1.9	-2.3
Extruding, forming, pressing machine operators	3.8	8.6	Maintenance & repair workers, general	1.8	8.6
Laborers & freight, stock, & material movers, hand	3.2	-2.3	Operating engineers & other construction equip operators	1.8	8.6
Mixing & blending machine operators & tenders	3.2	8.6	General & operations managers	1.7	-2.3
Sales reps, wholesale & manufacturing, exc tech	2.7	8.6	Truck drivers, light or delivery services	1.6	8.6
Helpers--Production workers	2.5	8.6	First-line supervisors/managers of transportation work	1.6	8.6
Cement masons & concrete finishers	2.5	8.6	Office clerks, general	1.5	6.9
Industrial truck & tractor operators	2.4	-2.3	Bookkeeping, accounting, & auditing clerks	1.4	8.6
First-line supervisors/managers of production workers	2.3	8.6	Team assemblers	1.2	8.6
Construction laborers	2.2	8.6	Welders, cutters, solderers, & brazers	1.1	15.5

INDUSTRY DATA BY STATE
State	Establishments	Shipments			Employment				Cost as % of Shipments	Investment per Employee ($)
State	Establishments	Total ($ mil)	% of U.S.	Per Establ.	Total Number	% of U.S.	Per Establ.	Wages ($/hour)	Cost as % of Shipments	Investment per Employee ($)
California	25	1,005.1	13.5	40,203.8	2,039	11.4	82	22.29	42.1	21,606
Texas	17	877.8	11.8	51,637.9	1,730	9.7	102	19.91	38.5	22,755
Pennsylvania	20	585.8	7.9	29,288.4	1,666	9.3	83	21.98	36.3	28,357
Michigan	9	439.6	5.9	48,849.3	966	5.4	107	23.71	42.3	9,788
Missouri	10	428.1	5.7	42,807.1	947	5.3	95	23.88	31.0	14,264
Florida	12	389.3	5.2	32,438.8	889	5.0	74	20.56	40.0	36,886

INDUSTRY DATA BY STATE - Continued
State	Establishments	Shipments			Employment				Cost as % of Shipments	Investment per Employee ($)
State	Establishments	Total ($ mil)	% of U.S.	Per Establ.	Total Number	% of U.S.	Per Establ.	Wages ($/hour)	Cost as % of Shipments	Investment per Employee ($)
Source: 2002 Economic Census. The states are in descending order of shipments or establishments (if shipment data are missing for the majority). The symbol (D) appears when data are withheld to prevent disclosure of competitive information. States marked with (D) are sorted by number of establishments. A dash (-) indicates that the data element cannot be calculated. Data may not show all states active in the NAICS category. All data available at the time of publication are shown.
Indiana	5	286.5	3.8	57,303.0	626	3.5	125	20.70	31.9	45,594
Illinois	13	280.0	3.8	21,538.5	686	3.8	53	18.30	45.9	22,538
New York	11	238.6	3.2	21,692.7	581	3.3	53	22.62	33.5	29,971
Iowa	7	210.6	2.8	30,082.1	465	2.6	66	21.27	35.0	30,770
Kansas	5	176.2	2.4	35,230.4	549	3.1	110	20.08	36.6	29,953
Ohio	12	129.3	1.7	10,776.9	340	1.9	28	22.86	35.8	10,644
Tennessee	7	127.6	1.7	18,225.1	242	1.4	35	22.97	27.0	8,351
Oklahoma	4	126.8	1.7	31,697.7	376	2.1	94	17.65	28.3	9,471

NAICS 327310 - Cement Manufacturing

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NAICS 327310 - Cement Manufacturing

GENERAL STATISTICS
Year	Companies	Establishments		Employment			Compensation		Production ($ million)
		Total	with 20 or more employees	Total (000)	Production		Payroll ($ mil)	Wages ($/hr)	Cost of Materials	Value Added by Manufacture	Value of Shipments	Capital Invest.
		Total	with 20 or more employees	Total (000)	Workers (000)	Hours (Mil)	Payroll ($ mil)	Wages ($/hr)	Cost of Materials	Value Added by Manufacture	Value of Shipments	Capital Invest.
Source: 1992, 1997, 2002 Economic Census; other years, up to 2006, are from the Annual Survey of Manufactures. Establishment counts for non-Census years are from County Business Patterns; 1997 and 2002 values are from the 1997 and 2002 censuses respectively, reported in the Federal Government's NAICS format. Other years were originally reported in equivalent SIC format. ‘P’s show projections by the editors.
1991				16.4	12.2	25.6	559.8	14.86	1,883.5	1,936.9	3,777.7	225.3
1992	122	218	138	17.0	12.8	26.8	594.9	15.15	1,869.2	2,149.3	4,050.8	226.2
1993				16.6	12.5	26.1	589.7	15.48	1,948.5	2,146.2	4,186.8	227.2
1994				16.7	12.4	27.0	628.9	15.83	2,000.3	2,799.6	4,808.2	279.6
1995				16.8	12.6	27.5	658.5	16.40	2,232.6	3,205.2	5,342.3	282.2
1996				16.9	12.5	27.8	693.3	16.75	2,281.8	3,508.7	5,818.3	494.8
1997	178	279	136	17.0	12.5	27.3	735.5	18.28	2,479.1	4,027.7	6,540.2	505.6
1998		257	134	17.2	12.7	27.4	756.3	18.46	2,528.9	4,440.5	6,984.0	525.4
1999		273	131	17.3	12.8	28.6	815.7	19.24	2,526.6	4,564.1	7,031.0	691.2
2000		268	138	17.2	12.7	28.0	829.5	20.05	2,589.7	4,693.0	7,161.8	1,108.0
2001		260	143	17.2	12.7	28.2	860.5	20.69	2,724.5	4,791.0	7,570.2	1,430.0
2002	131	246	148	17.9	13.3	28.6	902.1	21.67	2,949.4	4,569.4	7,454.8	1,368.1
2003		237	142	17.4	13.0	28.6	902.4	21.73	2,980.2	4,750.5	7,779.3	792.7
2004		239	146	16.2	12.2	27.3	888.6	23.05	2,935.2	5,382.9	8,342.6	572.4
2005		238	148	16.7	12.7	28.2	956.2	23.94	3,377.4	6,410.9	9,753.9	783.6
2006				17.1	13.2	28.5	978.7	24.70	3,755.6	7,179.6	10,784.6	966.1
2007				17.2P	13.0P	28.9P	1,017.1P	24.90P	3,543.7P	6,774.5P	10,176.1P	1,167.7P
2008				17.2P	13.0P	29.0P	1,045.9P	25.58P	3,685.6P	7,045.9P	10,583.7P	1,228.0P
2009				17.3P	13.0P	29.2P	1,074.8P	26.26P	3,827.6P	7,317.2P	10,991.3P	1,288.4P
2010				17.3P	13.1P	29.3P	1,103.6P	26.94P	3,969.5P	7,588.5P	11,398.9P	1,348.7P

INDICES OF CHANGE
Year	Companies	Establishments		Employment			Compensation		Production ($ million)
		Total	with 20 or more employees	Total (000)	Production		Payroll ($ mil)	Wages ($/hr)	Cost of Materials	Value Added by Manufacture	Value of Shipments	Capital Invest.
		Total	with 20 or more employees	Total (000)	Workers (000)	Hours (Mil)	Payroll ($ mil)	Wages ($/hr)	Cost of Materials	Value Added by Manufacture	Value of Shipments	Capital Invest.
Source: Same as General Statistics. Values reflect change from the base year, 2002. Values above 100 mean greater than 2002, values below 100 mean less than 2002, and the values of 100 in other years means the same as 2002. ‘P’s show projections by the editors.
1992	93	89	93	95	96	94	66	70	63	47	54	17
1997	136	113	92	95	94	95	82	84	84	88	88	37
2001		106	97	96	95	99	95	95	92	105	102	105
2002	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100
2003		96	96	97	98	100	100	100	101	104	104	58
2004		97	99	91	92	95	99	106	100	118	112	42
2005		97	100	93	95	99	106	110	115	140	131	57
2006				96	99	100	108	114	127	157	145	71
2007				96P	98P	101P	113P	115P	120P	148P	137P	85P
2008				96P	98P	101P	116P	118P	125P	154P	142P	90P
2009				97P	98P	102P	119P	121P	130P	160P	147P	94P
2010				97P	98P	102P	122P	124P	135P	166P	153P	99P

SELECTED RATIOS
For 2002	Avg. of All Manufact.	Analyzed Industry	Index	For 2002	Avg. of All Manufact.	Analyzed Industry	Index
Source: Same as General Statistics. The ‘Average of All Manufacturing’ column represents the average of all manufacturing industries reported for the most recent complete year available. The Index shows the relationship between the Average and the Analyzed Industry. For example, 100 means that they are equal; 500 that the Analyzed Industry is five times the average; 50 means that the Analyzed Industry is half the national average. The abbreviation ‘na’ is used to show that data are ‘not available’. Ratios shown for 2002, the last complete census year.
Employees per Establishment	42	73	173	Value Added per Production Worker	182,367	343,564	188
Payroll per Establishment	1,639,184	3,667,073	224	Cost per Establishment	5,769,015	11,989,431	208
Payroll per Employee	39,053	50,397	129	Cost per Employee	137,446	164,771	120
Production Workers per Establishment	30	54	183	Cost per Production Worker	195,506	221,759	113
Wages per Establishment	694,845	2,519,358	363	Shipments per Establishment	11,158,348	30,304,065	272
Wages per Production Worker	23,548	46,599	198	Shipments per Employee	265,847	416,469	157
Hours per Production Worker	1,980	2,150	109	Shipments per Production Worker	378,144	560,511	148
Wages per Hour	11.89	21.67	182	Investment per Establishment	361,338	5,561,382	1,539
Value Added per Establishment	5,381,325	18,574,797	345	Investment per Employee	8,609	76,430	888
Value Added per Employee	128,210	255,274	199	Investment per Production Worker	12,245	102,865	840

LEADING COMPANIES Number shown: 41 Total sales ($ mil): 31,617 Total employment (000): 36.8
Company Name	Address				CEO Name	Phone	Co. Type	Sales ($ mil)	Empl. (000)
Source: Ward's Business Directory of U.S. Private and Public Companies, Volumes 1 and 2, 2008. The company type code used is as follows: P - Public, R - Private, S - Subsidiary, D - Division, J - Joint Venture, A - Affiliate, G - Group. Sales are in millions of dollars, employees are in thousands. An asterisk (*) indicates an estimated sales volume. The symbol < stands for ‘less than’. Company names and addresses are truncated, in some cases, to fit into the available space.
Rinker Materials Corp.	PO Box 24635	W Palm Bch	FL	33416	David Clarke	561-833-5555	R	13,178*	10.5
Lafarge North America Inc.	12950 Worldgate Dr.	Herndon	VA	20170	Philippe R. Rollier	703-480-3600	S	4,021*	15.3
Capitol Aggregates Inc.	PO Box 240130	San Antonio	TX	78224	R Engberg	210-655-3010	R	1,890*	0.2
Ash Grove Texas L.P.	PO Box 520	Midlothian	TX	76065		972-723-2301	R	1,190*	0.1
River Cement Co.	PO Box 1003	Festus	MO	63028	David Nepereny	636-937-7601	S	1,128*	0.2
Hercules Cement Company Inc.	PO Box 69	Stockertown	PA	18083	David Nepereny	610-759-6300	S	1,128*	0.1
Lone Star Industries Inc.	10401 N Meridian St	Indianapolis	IN	46290	Michael Clarke	317-706-3314	S	1,128*	0.1
BUZZI UNICEM USA Inc.	100 Brodhead Rd.	Bethlehem	PA	18017		610-866-4400	R	1,128*	<0.1
Texas Industries Inc.	1341 W Mckingbird	Dallas	TX	75247	Mel G. Brekhus	972-647-6700	P	996	2.7
Eagle Materials Inc.	3811 Turtle Creek	Dallas	TX	75219	Steven Rowley	214-432-2000	P	922	2.0
Holcim Inc.	6211 N Ann Arbor	Dundee	MI	48131		734-529-2411	R	849*	0.3
Ash Grove Cement Co.	PO Box 25900	Overland Park	KS	66225		913-451-8900	R	662*	<0.1
Giant Cement Co.	320 Midland Pkwy.	Summerville	SC	29485	Manuel Lopp	843-851-9898	R	650*	<0.1
Alamo Cement Co.	PO Box 34807	San Antonio	TX	78265		210-208-1880	R	639*	0.3
Glens Falls Leigh Cement Co.	PO Box 440	Glens Falls	NY	12801		518-792-1137	R	639*	0.1
Hanson Aggregates West	2680 Bishop Dr.	San Ramon	CA	94583	Jim Kitzmiller	925-328-1800	S	406*	2.0
St. Lawrence Cement Co.	3 Columbia Cir., 1	Albany	NY	12203	Philippe Arto	518-452-3001	S	268*	0.3
Giant Cement Holding Inc.	320 Midland Pkwy.	Summerville	SC	29485	Manuel Llop	843-851-9898	S	156*	0.8
Quikrete Co's Inc.	3490 Piedmont NE	Atlanta	GA	30305	Gene Winchester	404-634-9100	R	111*	<0.1
Roanoke Cement Company L.L.C.	6071 Catawba Rd.	Troutville	VA	24175		540-966-1525	R	68*	0.2
Keystone Cement Co.	PO Box A	Bath	PA	18014	Manuel Llop	610-837-1881	S	53*	0.2
California Portland Cement Co.	PO Box 910	Mojave	CA	93502		661-824-2401	R	50*	0.1
Signal Mountain Cement Co.	PO Box 4304	Chattanooga	TN	37405	George Garcia	423-886-0800	R	48*	0.1
Ciment St Larent Inc.	1260 Security Rd.	Hagerstown	MD	21742		301-739-1150	R	46*	0.1
Heldenfels Enterprises Inc.	5700 S I H 35	San Marcos	TX	78666	F Heldenfels	512-396-2376	R	40*	0.2
Metro Materials Inc.	2174 E Person Ave.	Memphis	TN	38114	Perry Ferrell	901-324-3894	S	38*	<0.1
M and P Industries Inc.	PO Box 187	Lesage	WV	25537	Pete Mastrangelo	304-736-4046	R	31*	<0.1
Erie Strayer Co.	PO Box 1031	Erie	PA	16512	Hamilton Strayer	814-456-7001	R	30*	0.1
AHI Supply Inc.	PO Box 884	Friendswood	TX	77549	Bob Allen	281-482-8292	R	22*	<0.1
Bend Industries Inc.	2200 S Main St.	West Bend	WI	53095		262-338-5700	R	17*	<0.1
E. Dillon and Co.	PO Box 160	Swords Creek	VA	24649	David Skidmore	276-873-6816	R	16*	0.1
Cemex	430 N Vineyard	Ontario	CA	91764	Gilberto Perez	909-974-5500	S	16*	<0.1
De Witt Products Co.	5860 Plumer St.	Detroit	MI	48209	Donald Clellan	313-554-0575	R	13*	<0.1
Mutual-Target L.L.C.	PO Box 2009	Bellevue	WA	98009		425-452-2300	R	9*	<0.1
Euclid Chemical Company Inc.	3835 State Rte. 72	Kirkland	IL	60146	Thomas McCall	815-522-3394	R	9*	<0.1
SAI Hydraulics Inc.	168 E Ridge Rd.	Marcus Hook	PA	19061	Mariano Pecorari	610-497-0190	R	6*	<0.1
ESSROC Cement Corp.	3251 Bath Pke.	Nazareth	PA	18064		610-837-6725	R	6*	<0.1
Salt River Pima Maricopa India	8800 E Chaparral Rd	Scottsdale	AZ	85250		480-850-5757	R	4*	<0.1
Lambert Corporation Florida	20 Coburn Ave.	Orlando	FL	32805	Steven Meyer	407-841-2940	R	3*	<0.1
General Material Co.	13098 Gravois Rd.	Saint Louis	MO	63127	George Winter	314-843-1400	R	3*	<0.1
Arizona Portland Cement Co.	2400 N Central Ave.	Phoenix	AZ	85004		602-271-0069	S	2*	<0.1

MATERIALS CONSUMED
Material	Quantity	Delivered Cost ($ million)
Source: 2002 Economic Census. Explanation of symbols used: (D): Withheld to avoid disclosure of competitive data; na: Not available; (S): Withheld because statistical norms were not met; (X): Not applicable; (Z): Less than half the unit shown; nec: Not elsewhere classified; nsk: Not specified by kind; - : zero; p : 10-19 percent estimated; q : 20-29 percent estimated.
Paperboard liners	(X)	(D)
Paper shipping sacks and multiwall bags	(X)	(D)
Other paper and paperboard products	(X)	8.9
Refractories, clay and nonclay	(X)	79.6
Cement clinker	(X)	211.6
Minerals and earths, ground or otherwise treated	(X)	177.6
Other stone, clay, glass, and concrete products	(X)	110.0
Crushed and broken stone (cement rock, limestone, etc.)	(X)	133.5
Abrasives and abrasive products	(X)	7.9
All other materials, components, parts, containers, and supplies	(X)	519.5
Materials, ingredients, containers, and supplies, nsk	(X)	246.7

PRODUCT SHARE DETAILS
Product or Product Class Shipments	$ Mil.	Product or Product Class Shipments	$ Mil.
Source: 2002 Economic Census. The values are product shipments in millions of dollars for 2002. Total product shipments may be lower or higher than industry shipments. See Introduction for a full discussion. Values of indented subcategories are summed in the main heading(s). The symbol (D) appears when data are withheld to prevent disclosure of competitive information. The abbreviation nsk stands for ‘not specified by kind’ and nec for ‘not elsewhere classified’. A dash (-) means zero.
CEMENT	7,219.0	Other portland hydraulic cements (oil well, white cement, blended cements, etc.) including low heat of hydration ASTM type IV (including cost of shipping containers)	292.5
Cement, hydraulic (including cost of shipping containers)	7,219.0	Other cements (including cost of shipping containers)	776.7
Normal portland cement ASTM type I, hydraulic (including cost of shipping containers)	3,959.6	Masonry cement, hydraulic (including cost of shipping containers)	579.4
Portland cement, moderate heat of hydration (moderate sulfate resistance) ASTM type II, hydraulic (including cost of shipping containers)	1,519.6	Other cements (natural, hydraulic lime, etc.) (including cost of shipping containers)	156.8
Other portland hydraulic cements, including ASTM type III, ASTM type IV, and ASTM type V	687.7	Cement clinker, for sale separately, hydraulic (including cost of shipping containers)	40.5
Portland cement, high early strength ASTM type III, hydraulic (including cost of shipping containers)	284.7	Cement, hydraulic (including cost of shipping containers), nsk, total	275.5
Portland cement, high sulfate resistance ASTM type V, hydraulic (including cost of shipping containers)	110.5

INPUTS AND OUTPUTS FOR CEMENT MANUFACTURING
Economic Sector or Industry Providing Inputs	%	Sector	Economic Sector or Industry Buying Outputs	%	Sector
Compensation of employees	16.7		Ready-mix concrete	44.6	Manufg.
Power generation & supply	7.6	Util.	Concrete pipe, brick, & block	8.1	Manufg.
Natural gas distribution	5.6	Util.	Residential permanent site structures	7.3	Construct.
Cement	3.7	Manufg.	Nonresidential structures, nec	6.1	Construct.
Management of companies & enterprises	3.0	Services	Concrete products, nec	5.4	Manufg.
Ground or treated mineral & earth	2.8	Manufg.	Cement	3.2	Manufg.
Wholesale trade	2.3	Trade	Owner-occupied dwellings	2.8
Clay & nonclay refractory manufacturing	1.4	Manufg.	Nonmetallic mineral products, nec	2.3	Manufg.
Taxes on production & imports, less subsidies	1.2		Oil & gas well drilling	2.2	Mining
Truck transportation	1.2	Util.	Residential structures, nec	2.2	Construct.
Rail transportation	1.2	Util.	Food services & drinking places	2.1	Services
Maintenance/repair of nonresidential structures	1.1	Construct.	Commercial & health care structures	2.0	Construct.
Services to buildings & dwellings	0.9	Services	Maintenance/repair of nonresidential structures	2.0	Construct.
Coal	0.9	Mining	Oil & gas operations services	1.4	Mining
Chemical products & preparations, nec	0.9	Manufg.	Change in private inventories	0.8	In House
Noncomparable imports	0.9	Foreign	Oil & gas extraction	0.7	Mining
Semiconductors & related devices	0.8	Manufg.	Plastics products, nec	0.7	Manufg.
Paper bag & coated paper, nec	0.8	Manufg.	Exports of goods & services	0.6	Cap Inv
Printed circuit assemblies (electronic assembiles)	0.7	Manufg.	Engine equipment, nec	0.6	Manufg.
Architectural, engineering, & related services	0.7	Services	Maintenance/repair of residential structures	0.5	Construct.
Lime & gypsum products	0.7	Manufg.	Other S/L govt. enterprises	0.5	S/L Govt
Automotive repair & maintenance, ex. car washes	0.7	Services	Architectural, engineering, & related services	0.4	Services
Petroleum refineries	0.6	Manufg.	Semiconductors & related devices	0.4	Manufg.
Commercial & industrial equipment repair/maintenance	0.6	Services	Rail transportation	0.4	Util.
Wood containers & pallets	0.5	Manufg.	Natural gas distribution	0.3	Util.
Coating, engraving, heat treating & allied activities	0.5	Manufg.	Telecommunications	0.3	Services
Specialized design services	0.5	Services	S/L govt. passenger transit	0.3	S/L Govt
Monetary authorities/depository credit intermediation	0.5	Fin/R.E.	Retail trade	0.3	Trade
Employment services	0.4	Services	Mineral wool	0.2	Manufg.
Legal services	0.4	Services	Motor vehicle parts	0.2	Manufg.
Business support services	0.4	Services	Data processing, hosting, & related services	0.2	Services
Machine shops	0.4	Manufg.	Miscellaneous mining services	0.1	Mining
Professional, scientific, technical services, nec	0.4	Services	Computer terminals & peripherals	0.1	Manufg.
Automotive equipment rental & leasing	0.4	Fin/R.E.	Commercial & industrial machinery rental & leasing	0.1	Fin/R.E.
Motor vehicle parts	0.4	Manufg.
Mineral wool	0.4	Manufg.
Fabricated metals, nec	0.3	Manufg.
Management, scientific, & technical consulting	0.3	Services
Abrasive products	0.3	Manufg.
Pressed & blown glass & glassware, nec	0.3	Manufg.
Sand, gravel, clay, & refractory minerals	0.3	Mining
Advertising & related services	0.3	Services
Lessors of nonfinancial assets	0.2	Fin/R.E.
Paperboard containers	0.2	Manufg.
Real estate	0.2	Fin/R.E.
Support services, nec	0.2	Services
Scientific research & development services	0.2	Services
Food services & drinking places	0.2	Services
Commercial & industrial machinery rental & leasing	0.2	Fin/R.E.
Investigation & security services	0.2	Services
Paperboard mills	0.2	Manufg.
Data processing, hosting, & related services	0.2	Services
Telecommunications	0.2	Services
Warehousing & storage	0.2	Util.
Electronic & precision equipment repair/maintenance	0.2	Services

INPUTS AND OUTPUTS FOR CEMENT MANUFACTURING - Continued
Economic Sector or Industry Providing Inputs	%	Sector	Economic Sector or Industry Buying Outputs	%	Sector
Source: Benchmark Input-Output Accounts for the U.S. Economy, 2002, U.S. Department of Commerce, Washington, D.C., January 2008. The abbreviation nec stands for ‘not elsewhere classified’.
Accounting, tax preparation, bookkeeping, & payroll	0.1	Services
Hardware	0.1	Manufg.
Basic organic chemicals, nec	0.1	Manufg.
Nonmetallic minerals, nec	0.1	Mining
Personal & household goods repair/maintenance	0.1	Services
Securities, commodity contracts, investments	0.1	Fin/R.E.
Glass products from purchased glass	0.1	Manufg.
Stone mining & quarrying	0.1	Mining
Nonmetallic mineral products, nec	0.1	Manufg.
Hotels & motels, including casino hotels	0.1	Services
Bare printed circuit boards	0.1	Manufg.
Basic inorganic chemicals, nec	0.1	Manufg.

OCCUPATIONS EMPLOYED BY CEMENT & CONCRETE PRODUCT MANUFACTURING
Occupation	% of Total 2006	Change to 2016	Occupation	% of Total 2006	Change to 2016
Source: Industry-Occupation Matrix, Bureau of Labor Statistics, December 4, 2007. These data are reported based on 4-digit NAICS categories but have been matched to corresponding 6-digit NAICS industry codes. The change reported for each occupation to the year 2016 is a percent of growth or decline as estimated by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The abbreviation nec stands for ‘not elsewhere classified’.
Truck drivers, heavy & tractor-trailer	31.2	8.6	Bus & truck mechanics & diesel engine specialists	2.1	8.6
Molders, shapers, & casters, exc metal & plastic	5.3	8.6	Dispatchers, exc police, fire, & ambulance	1.9	-2.3
Extruding, forming, pressing machine operators	3.8	8.6	Maintenance & repair workers, general	1.8	8.6
Laborers & freight, stock, & material movers, hand	3.2	-2.3	Operating engineers & other construction equip operators	1.8	8.6
Mixing & blending machine operators & tenders	3.2	8.6	General & operations managers	1.7	-2.3
Sales reps, wholesale & manufacturing, exc tech	2.7	8.6	Truck drivers, light or delivery services	1.6	8.6
Helpers--Production workers	2.5	8.6	First-line supervisors/managers of transportation work	1.6	8.6
Cement masons & concrete finishers	2.5	8.6	Office clerks, general	1.5	6.9
Industrial truck & tractor operators	2.4	-2.3	Bookkeeping, accounting, & auditing clerks	1.4	8.6
First-line supervisors/managers of production workers	2.3	8.6	Team assemblers	1.2	8.6
Construction laborers	2.2	8.6	Welders, cutters, solderers, & brazers	1.1	15.5

INDUSTRY DATA BY STATE
State	Establishments	Shipments			Employment				Cost as % of Shipments	Investment per Employee ($)
State	Establishments	Total ($ mil)	% of U.S.	Per Establ.	Total Number	% of U.S.	Per Establ.	Wages ($/hour)	Cost as % of Shipments	Investment per Employee ($)
California	25	1,005.1	13.5	40,203.8	2,039	11.4	82	22.29	42.1	21,606
Texas	17	877.8	11.8	51,637.9	1,730	9.7	102	19.91	38.5	22,755
Pennsylvania	20	585.8	7.9	29,288.4	1,666	9.3	83	21.98	36.3	28,357
Michigan	9	439.6	5.9	48,849.3	966	5.4	107	23.71	42.3	9,788
Missouri	10	428.1	5.7	42,807.1	947	5.3	95	23.88	31.0	14,264
Florida	12	389.3	5.2	32,438.8	889	5.0	74	20.56	40.0	36,886

INDUSTRY DATA BY STATE - Continued
State	Establishments	Shipments			Employment				Cost as % of Shipments	Investment per Employee ($)
State	Establishments	Total ($ mil)	% of U.S.	Per Establ.	Total Number	% of U.S.	Per Establ.	Wages ($/hour)	Cost as % of Shipments	Investment per Employee ($)
Source: 2002 Economic Census. The states are in descending order of shipments or establishments (if shipment data are missing for the majority). The symbol (D) appears when data are withheld to prevent disclosure of competitive information. States marked with (D) are sorted by number of establishments. A dash (-) indicates that the data element cannot be calculated. Data may not show all states active in the NAICS category. All data available at the time of publication are shown.
Indiana	5	286.5	3.8	57,303.0	626	3.5	125	20.70	31.9	45,594
Illinois	13	280.0	3.8	21,538.5	686	3.8	53	18.30	45.9	22,538
New York	11	238.6	3.2	21,692.7	581	3.3	53	22.62	33.5	29,971
Iowa	7	210.6	2.8	30,082.1	465	2.6	66	21.27	35.0	30,770
Kansas	5	176.2	2.4	35,230.4	549	3.1	110	20.08	36.6	29,953
Ohio	12	129.3	1.7	10,776.9	340	1.9	28	22.86	35.8	10,644
Tennessee	7	127.6	1.7	18,225.1	242	1.4	35	22.97	27.0	8,351
Oklahoma	4	126.8	1.7	31,697.7	376	2.1	94	17.65	28.3	9,471