NAICS 322110 - Pulp Mills

GENERAL STATISTICS
Year	Companies	Establishments		Employment			Compensation		Production ($ million)
		Total	with 20 or more employees	Total (000)	Production		Payroll ($ mil)	Wages ($/hr)	Cost of Materials	Value Added by Manufacture	Value of Shipments	Capital Invest.
		Total	with 20 or more employees	Total (000)	Workers (000)	Hours (Mil)	Payroll ($ mil)	Wages ($/hr)	Cost of Materials	Value Added by Manufacture	Value of Shipments	Capital Invest.
Sources: 1992, 1997, 2002 Economic Census; other years, up to 2006, are from the Annual Survey of Manufactures. Establishment counts for non-Census years are from County Business Patterns; 1997 and 2002 values are from the 1997 and 2002 censuses respectively, reported in the Federal Government's NAICS format. Other years were originally reported in equivalent SIC format. ‘P’s show projections by the editors.
1991				16.8	12.8	27.6	697.3	18.36	2,889.6	2,446.2	5,329.4	990.9
1992	29	45	44	15.9	12.1	26.3	689.1	19.07	2,957.7	2,554.7	5,465.6	772.3
1993				14.2	10.8	23.1	627.1	19.49	2,487.8	1,711.1	4,282.1	426.0
1994				12.3	9.4	20.3	569.8	19.98	2,445.5	1,926.4	4,423.9	258.9
1995				13.4	10.4	22.6	630.8	20.17	3,181.9	3,916.7	6,924.0	462.1
1996				15.0	11.1	23.9	700.7	20.16	3,278.7	2,201.1	5,507.9	698.1
1997	25	39	37	10.3	7.8	16.6	531.1	22.97	2,228.8	1,832.8	4,116.7	344.7
1998		44	36	7.4	5.7	12.4	397.2	22.44	1,724.9	1,403.9	3,130.2	415.8
1999		45	35	7.3	5.6	11.7	390.0	23.47	1,634.5	1,442.8	3,113.5	186.6
2000		48	40	7.3	5.7	11.9	411.3	24.50	1,902.4	1,827.1	3,701.4	236.8
2001		51	40	7.2	5.6	12.0	414.5	24.37	1,847.1	1,413.3	3,238.8	193.1
2002	21	32	31	7.7	5.9	12.6	469.7	26.53	1,851.5	1,678.4	3,531.2	187.2
2003		38	28	8.1	6.3	13.3	490.6	26.90	2,207.9	1,659.9	3,890.2	182.1
2004		43	30	7.7	5.9	13.0	491.5	27.61	2,180.2	1,869.4	4,099.4	186.6
2005		43	33	7.2	5.7	12.4	472.9	29.00	2,395.4	1,675.3	4,051.1	138.6
2006				6.7	5.3	12.3	486.1	29.73	2,450.4	1,766.6	4,257.4	363.4
2007				4.5P	3.6P	7.9P	390.5P	29.95P	1,925.8P	1,388.4P	3,345.9P	53.0P
2008				3.8P	3.1P	6.8P	374.2P	30.72P	1,860.1P	1,341.0P	3,231.8P	14.8P
2009				3.1P	2.6P	5.7P	357.8P	31.49P	1,794.4P	1,293.6P	3,117.6P
2010				2.5P	2.1P	4.7P	341.5P	32.26P	1,728.6P	1,246.3P	3,003.4P

INDICES OF CHANGE
Year	Companies	Establishments		Employment			Compensation		Production ($ million)
		Total	with 20 or more employees	Total (000)	Production		Payroll ($ mil)	Wages ($/hr)	Cost of Materials	Value Added by Manufacture	Value of Shipments	Capital Invest.
		Total	with 20 or more employees	Total (000)	Workers (000)	Hours (Mil)	Payroll ($ mil)	Wages ($/hr)	Cost of Materials	Value Added by Manufacture	Value of Shipments	Capital Invest.
Sources: Same as General Statistics. Values reflect change from the base year, 2002. Values above 100 mean greater than 2002, values below 100 mean less than 2002, and the values of 100 in other years means the same as 2002. ‘P’s show projections by the editors.
1992	138	141	142	206	205	209	147	72	160	152	155	413
1997	119	122	119	134	132	132	113	87	120	109	117	184
2001		159	129	94	95	95	88	92	100	84	92	103
2002	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100
2003		119	90	105	107	106	104	101	119	99	110	97
2004		134	97	100	100	103	105	104	118	111	116	100
2005		134	106	94	97	98	101	109	129	100	115	74
2006				87	90	98	103	112	132	105	121	194
2007				58P	61P	63P	83P	113P	104P	83P	95P	28P
2008				49P	53P	54P	80P	116P	100P	80P	92P	8P
2009				40P	44P	45P	76P	119P	97P	77P	88P
2010				32P	36P	37P	73P	122P	93P	74P	85P

SELECTED RATIOS
For 2002	Avg. of All Manufact.	Analyzed Industry	Index	For 2002	Avg. of All Manufact.	Analyzed Industry	Index
Sources: Same as General Statistics. The ‘Average of All Manufacturing’ column represents the average of all manufacturing industries reported for the most recent complete year available. The Index shows the relationship between the Average and the Analyzed Industry. For example, 100 means that they are equal; 500 that the Analyzed Industry is five times the average; 50 means that the Analyzed Industry is half the national average. The abbreviation ‘na’ is used to show that data are ‘not available’. Ratios shown for 2002, the last complete census year.
Employees per Establishment	42	241	573	Value Added per Production Worker	182,367	284,475	156
Payroll per Establishment	1,639,184	14,678,125	895	Cost per Establishment	5,769,015	57,859,375	1,003
Payroll per Employee	39,053	61,000	156	Cost per Employee	137,446	240,455	175
Production Workers per Establishment	30	184	625	Cost per Production Worker	195,506	313,814	161
Wages per Establishment	694,845	10,446,188	1,503	Shipments per Establishment	11,158,348	110,350,000	989
Wages per Production Worker	23,548	56,657	241	Shipments per Employee	265,847	458,597	173
Hours per Production Worker	1,980	2,136	108	Shipments per Production Worker	378,144	598,508	158
Wages per Hour	11.89	26.53	223	Investment per Establishment	361,338	5,850,000	1,619
Value Added per Establishment	5,381,325	52,450,000	975	Investment per Employee	8,609	24,312	282
Value Added per Employee	128,210	217,974	170	Investment per Production Worker	12,245	31,729	259

LEADING COMPANIES Number shown: 46 Total sales ($ mil): 68,608 Total employment (000): 178.3
Company Name	Address				CEO Name	Phone	Co. Type	Sales ($ mil)	Empl. (000)
Sources: Ward's Business Directory of U.S. Private and Public Companies, Volumes 1 and 2, 2008. The company type code used is as follows: P - Public, R - Private, S - Subsidiary, D - Division, J - Joint Venture, A - Affiliate, G - Group. Sales are in millions of dollars, employees are in thousands. An asterisk (*) indicates an estimated sales volume. The symbol < stands for ‘less than’. Company names and addresses are truncated, in some cases, to fit into the available space.
International Paper Co.	6400 Poplar Ave.	Memphis	TN	38119		901-419-9000	P	21,890	51.5
Weyerhaeuser Co.	PO Box 9777	Federal Way	WA	98003		253-924-2345	P	16,308	37.9
Georgia-Pacific Corp.	PO Box 105605	Atlanta	GA	30348	Mario Concha	404-652-4000	S	13,685*	50.0
Smurfit-Stone Container Corp.	150 N Michigan	Chicago	IL	60601		312-346-6600	P	7,420	22.7
Stora Enso North America Corp.	310 3rd Ave. S	Wisconsin Rpds	WI	54495		715-422-1616	R	3,535*	1.0
Rayonier Inc.	50 N Laura St.	Jacksonville	FL	32202		904-357-9100	P	1,225	2.0
Parsons and Whittemore Inc.	4 International Dr.	Rye Brook	NY	10573	George Landegger	914-937-9009	R	1,075*	2.5
P.H. Glatfelter Co.	96 S George St.	York	PA	17401	George Glatfelter	717-225-2719	P	986	3.7
Pope and Talbot Inc.	1500 SW 1st Ave.	Portland	OR	97201		503-228-9161	P	841	2.4
Buckeye Technologies Inc.	PO Box 80407	Memphis	TN	38108		901-320-8100	P	769	1.6
Potlatch Pulp and Paperboard	PO Box 1126	Lewiston	ID	83501	Michael Covey	208-799-1644	S	182*	0.8
Batliner Paper Stock Co.	2501 E Front St.	Kansas City	MO	64120	Nick Sterbach	816-483-3343	R	53*	0.2
Madison Paper Co.	13101 S Pulaski Rd.	Alsip	IL	60803	Steve Smith	708-389-8520	R	50*	0.2
Glpf Inc.	PO Box 277	Menominee	MI	49858	Robert Garland	906-863-8137	R	43*	0.1
Corrugated Services L.P.	PO Box 847	Forney	TX	75126		214-515-6400	R	40*	0.2
Willimantic Waste Paper Co.	PO Box 239	Willimantic	CT	06226	Mary Lou De Vivo	860-423-4527	R	39*	0.1
Recycling Center Inc.	PO Box 2038	Richmond	IN	47375	Jack Edelman	765-966-8295	R	36*	0.1
Somerset Recycling Services	PO Box 1348	Somerset	KY	42502	Steven Keck	606-274-4170	R	32*	<0.1
Master Fibers Inc.	1710 E Paisano Dr.	El Paso	TX	79901	Oscar Castillo	915-544-2299	R	32*	<0.1
Nutmeg Recycling L.L.C.	PO Box 115	South Windsor	CT	06074	Scott Tenny	860-289-7234	R	31*	<0.1
Great Lakes Paper Stock Corp.	30615 Groesbeck	Roseville	MI	48066	Benjamin Rosen	586-779-1310	R	29*	<0.1
Staiman Recycling Corp.	PO Box 1235	Williamsport	PA	17703	Richard Staiman	570-323-9494	R	29*	<0.1
City Carton Company Inc.	3 E Benton St.	Iowa City	IA	52240	John Ockenfels	319-351-2848	R	27*	<0.1
Robbins Lumber Inc.	PO Box 9	Searsmont	ME	04973	Jenness Robbins	207-342-5221	R	26*	0.1
Intercontinental Energy Group	350 Lincoln St.	Hingham	MA	02043	Stephen Roy	781-749-9800	R	26*	<0.1
Yank Waste Company Inc.	PO Box 12024	Albany	NY	12212	David Aronson	518-456-2345	R	25*	<0.1
American Paper Recycling Corp.	87 Central St., 8	Mansfield	MA	02048	Kenneth Golden	508-339-5551	R	24*	<0.1
Bell Processing Inc.	PO Box 2604	Wichita Falls	TX	76307	Duwaybe Bell	940-322-8621	R	20*	<0.1
V and M Corp.	414 E Hudson Ave.	Royal Oak	MI	48067	Habib Mamou	248-541-4020	R	18*	<0.1
Cheney Pulp and Paper Company	PO Box 215	Franklin	OH	45005	James Snyder	937-746-9991	R	18*	<0.1
American Fiber Resources	702 Afr Dr.	Fairmont	WV	26554	Robert Garland	304-368-0900	R	14*	0.1
Cycle Systems Inc.	PO Box 611	Roanoke	VA	24004	Bruce Brenner	540-981-1211	R	14*	<0.1
Accurate Paper Recycling Inc.	5500 E Giddens	Tampa	FL	33610	Douglas Gardner	813-622-7377	R	12*	<0.1
Berlinsky Scrap Corp.	PO Box 733	Joliet	IL	60434	Herbert Glassman	815-726-4334	R	9*	<0.1
Cougle's Recycling Inc.	1000 S 4th St.	Hamburg	PA	19526	Robert Cougle	610-562-8336	R	8*	<0.1
Atlas Waste Paper Corp.	2329 Wharton St.	Pittsburgh	PA	15203	Bertram Kossis	412-431-5329	R	7*	<0.1
World Resource Recovery System	1422 E Ave.	Erie	PA	16503	Frank Lasky	814-455-9611	R	6*	<0.1
Laminated Industries Inc.	2000 Brunswick	Linden	NJ	07036	Chaim Schvimmer	908-862-5995	R	5*	<0.1
Tri-State Iron and Metal Co.	PO Box 775	Texarkana	TX	75504	Howard Glick	870-773-8409	R	4*	<0.1
Recycling Works Inc.	PO Box 1492	Elkhart	IN	46515	Charles Himes	574-293-3751	R	4*	<0.1
Nocomo Industries Inc.	319 S Newton St.	Maryville	MO	64468	Ed Dastmalchain	660-582-2928	R	3*	<0.1
NH Kelman Inc.	PO Box 103	Cohoes	NY	12047	Donald Kelman	518-237-5133	R	2*	<0.1
Civic Recycling	3300 Brown Station	Columbia	MO	65202	Brett Allen	573-474-9526	R	2*	<0.1
Employment Enterprises Inc.	PO Box 303	Little Falls	MN	56345		320-632-9251	R	2*	<0.1
I Erlichman Company Inc.	PO Box 5486	Peoria	IL	61601	Irving Erlichman	309-637-4491	R	2*	<0.1
Land Reclamation Inc.	84 Warren Ave.	Westbrook	ME	04092	Anne Heldenbrand	207-854-1838	R	2*	<0.1

MATERIALS CONSUMED
Material		Quantity	Delivered Cost ($ million)
Sources: 2002 Economic Census. Explanation of symbols used: (D): Withheld to avoid disclosure of competitive data; na: Not available; (S): Withheld because statistical norms were not met; (X): Not applicable; (Z): Less than half the unit shown; nec: Not elsewhere classified; nsk: Not specified by kind; - : zero; p : 10-19 percent estimated; q : 20-29 percent estimated.
Southern pine pulpwood bolts and logs	1,000 standard cords	4,701.6p	266.1
Pulpwood bolts and logs, other softwood (inclHemlock, Douglass fir, and Jack pine)	1,000 standard cords	(D)	(D)
Softwood pumpwood wood chips, slabs, cores, and other mill residues	1,000 standard cords	5,028.6p	343.9
Hardwood pulpwood bolts and logs		(X)	86.1
Hardwood pulpwood wood chips, slabs, cores, and other mill residues	1,000 standard cords	1,113.1q	97.1
Chlorine (100 percent Cl basis)	1,000 s tons	22.0q	4.1
Sodium hydroxide (caustic soda)(100 percent NaOH)	1,000 s tons	437.8q	84.3
Sodium chlorate (100 percent NaClO3).	1,000 s tons	246.0p	85.8
Other sodium compounds		(X)	11.2
Aluminum sulfate (17 percent Al2O3).	1,000 s tons	(D)	(D)
Lime	1,000 s tons	163.9p	12.9
All other chemicals (inclrosin sizing, kaolin, ball clay, starch, etc.)		(X)	106.5
Woodpulp (air dry basis)	1,000 s tons	(D)	(D)
Recovered paper, all types		(X)	80.9
Packaging paper and plastics film (coated, laminated, etc.).		(X)	15.2
Paperboard containers, boxes, and corrugated paperboard.		(X)	(D)
All other materials, components, parts, containers, and supplies.		(X)	268.2
Materials, ingredients, containers, and supplies, nsk.		(X)	26.7

PRODUCT SHARE DETAILS
Product or Product Class Shipments	Mil. $	Product or Product Class Shipments	Mil. $
Sources: 2002 Economic Census. The values are product shipments in millions of dollars for 2002. Total product shipments may be lower or higher than industry shipments. See Introduction for a full discussion. Values of indented subcategories are summed in the main heading(s). The symbol (D) appears when data are withheld to prevent disclosure of competitive information. The abbreviation nsk stands for ‘not specified by kind’ and nec for ‘not elsewhere classified’. A dash (-) means zero.
PULP	5,389.3	Other wood pulp, including defibrated or exploded, screenings, damaged, etc	(D)
Special alpha and dissolving wood pulp (sulfite and sulfate for chemical conversion, papermaking, and other uses)	895.5	Pulp, other than wood, and pulp mill byproducts, nec	485.6
Sulfate wood pulp, including soda	3,818.1	Pulp, other than wood, and pulp mill byproducts, nec	485.5
Sulfate woodpulp, bleached and semibleached, including soda	3,583.9	Pulp, other than wood, including pulp manufactured from cotton liners, straw, rag, flax, deinked paper, begasse, etc	452.7
Sulfate woodpulp, unbleached	230.2	Turpentine, sulfate	13.6
Sulfate woodpulp, including soda, nsk	4.1	Other pulp mill cooking liquor byproducts (skimmings, binders, fuel, etc)	19.2
Sulfite and other woodpulp	180.6	Pulp, other than wood, and pulp mill byproducts, nec, nsk	0.1
Sulfite wood pulp, bleached and unbleached	(D)	Pulp, nsk, total	9.5
Ground wood pulp (stone, refiner, and ther momechanical)	(D)
Semichemical wood pulp	(D)

INPUTS AND OUTPUTS FOR PULP MILLS
Economic Sector or Industry Providing Inputs	%	Sector	Economic Sector or Industry Buying Outputs	%	Sector
Compensation of employees	19.1		Paper mills	39.8	Manufg.
Logging	13.0	Agric.	Exports of goods & services	31.3	Cap Inv
Sawmills & wood preservation	10.8	Manufg.	Sanitary paper products	9.2	Manufg.
Wholesale trade	4.4	Trade	Coated & laminated paper & packaging materials	4.4	Manufg.
Natural gas distribution	4.2	Util.	Paperboard containers	4.2	Manufg.
Management of companies & enterprises	3.6	Services	Paperboard mills	4.1	Manufg.
Basic inorganic chemicals, nec	3.0	Manufg.	Converted paper products, nec	3.6	Manufg.
Power generation & supply	2.4	Util.	Change in private inventories	1.3	In House
Basic organic chemicals, nec	2.1	Manufg.	Stationery products	1.1	Manufg.
Pulp mills	1.9	Manufg.	Pulp mills	0.9	Manufg.
Truck transportation	1.9	Util.	Maintenance/repair of nonresidential structures	0.2	Construct.
Alkalies & chlorine	1.5	Manufg.
Rail transportation	1.5	Util.
Scrap	1.4	Scrap
Maintenance/repair of nonresidential structures	1.0	Construct.
Taxes on production & imports, less subsidies	0.9
Services to buildings & dwellings	0.9	Services
Petroleum refineries	0.8	Manufg.
Wood containers & pallets	0.6	Manufg.
Noncomparable imports	0.6	Foreign
Automotive repair & maintenance, ex. car washes	0.6	Services
Lessors of nonfinancial assets	0.5	Fin/R.E.
Commercial & industrial equipment repair/maintenance	0.5	Services
Waste management & remediation services	0.5	Services
Coal	0.5	Mining
Wet corn milling	0.4	Manufg.
Valve & fittings other than plumbing	0.4	Manufg.
Legal services	0.3	Services
Real estate	0.3	Fin/R.E.
Lime & gypsum products	0.3	Manufg.
Architectural, engineering, & related services	0.3	Services
Business support services	0.3	Services
Coating, engraving, heat treating & allied activities	0.3	Manufg.
Specialized design services	0.3	Services
Machine shops	0.3	Manufg.
Food services & drinking places	0.3	Services
Employment services	0.2	Services
Monetary authorities/depository credit intermediation	0.2	Fin/R.E.
Management, scientific, & technical consulting	0.2	Services
Adhesives	0.2	Manufg.
Chemical products & preparations, nec	0.2	Manufg.
Accounting, tax preparation, bookkeeping, & payroll	0.2	Services
Automotive equipment rental & leasing	0.2	Fin/R.E.
Water, sewage and other systems	0.2	Util.
Converted paper products, nec	0.2	Manufg.
Advertising & related services	0.2	Services
Synthetic dyes & pigments	0.2	Manufg.
Telecommunications	0.2	Services
Warehousing & storage	0.2	Util.
Other S/L govt. enterprises	0.1	S/L Govt
Electronic & precision equipment repair/maintenance	0.1	Services
Hotels & motels, including casino hotels	0.1	Services
Scientific research & development services	0.1	Services
Personal & household goods repair/maintenance	0.1	Services
Nondepository credit intermediation activities	0.1	Fin/R.E.
Semiconductors & related devices	0.1	Manufg.
Air transportation	0.1	Util.

INPUTS AND OUTPUTS FOR PULP MILLS - Continued
Economic Sector or Industry Providing Inputs	%	Sector	Economic Sector or Industry Buying Outputs	%	Sector
Sources: Benchmark Input-Output Accounts for the U.S. Economy, 2002, U.S. Department of Commerce, Washington, D.C., January 2008. The abbreviation nec stands for ‘not elsewhere classified’.
Other computer related services, including facilities	0.1	Services
Plastics packaging materials, film & sheet	0.1	Manufg.
Printed circuit assemblies (electronic assembiles)	0.1	Manufg.
Support services, nec	0.1	Services
Investigation & security services	0.1	Services
Petrochemicals	0.1	Manufg.
Commercial & industrial machinery rental & leasing	0.1	Fin/R.E.
Industrial gases	0.1	Manufg.

OCCUPATIONS EMPLOYED BY PULP, PAPER, & PAPERBOARD MILLS
Occupation	% of Total 2006	Change to 2016	Occupation	% of Total 2006	Change to 2016
Sources: Industry-Occupation Matrix, Bureau of Labor Statistics, December 4, 2007. These data are reported based on 4-digit NAICS categories but have been matched to corresponding 6-digit NAICS industry codes. The change reported for each occupation to the year 2016 is a percent of growth or decline as estimated by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The abbreviation nec stands for ‘not elsewhere classified’.
Paper goods machine setters, operators, & tenders	18.2	-30.6	Machine feeders & offbearers	1.9	-37.6
Industrial machinery mechanics	4.3	-20.2	Mixing & blending machine operators & tenders	1.8	-30.6
Maintenance & repair workers, general	4.2	-30.6	Stationary engineers & boiler operators	1.8	-30.6
Helpers--Production workers	3.9	-30.6	Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, & weighers	1.7	-34.6
First-line supervisors/managers of production workers	3.6	-30.6	Coating, painting, & spraying machine operators	1.3	-34.1
Cutting & slicing machine operators	3.2	-30.6	Shipping, receiving, & traffic clerks	1.3	-33.3
Production workers, nec	3.1	-31.9	First-line supervisors/managers of mechanics	1.3	-30.6
Laborers & freight, stock, & material movers, hand	3.0	-37.6	Industrial engineers	1.2	-15.8
Industrial truck & tractor operators	2.7	-37.6	General & operations managers	1.1	-37.6
Millwrights	2.3	-24.8	Chemical plant & system operators	1.1	-30.6
Electricians	2.0	-28.1	Industrial production managers	1.0	-30.6

INDUSTRY DATA BY STATE
State	Establishments	Shipments			Employment				Cost as % of Shipments	Investment per Employee ($)
State	Establishments	Total ($ mil)	% of U.S.	Per Establ.	Total Number	% of U.S.	Per Establ.	Wages ($/hour)	Cost as % of Shipments	Investment per Employee ($)
Sources: 2002 Economic Census. The states are in descending order of shipments or establishments (if shipment data are missing for the majority). The symbol (D) appears when data are withheld to prevent disclosure of competitive information. States marked with (D) are sorted by number of establishments. A dash (-) indicates that the data element cannot be calculated. Data may not show all states active in the NAICS category. All data available at the time of publication are shown.
Georgia	4	1,039.7	29.4	259,915.0	2,138	27.7	535	28.32	45.9	38,028
Mississippi	3	423.5	12.0	141,177.7	1,061	13.7	354	23.88	56.8	21,026

NAICS 322110 - Pulp Mills

GENERAL STATISTICS
Year	Companies	Establishments		Employment			Compensation		Production ($ million)
		Total	with 20 or more employees	Total (000)	Production		Payroll ($ mil)	Wages ($/hr)	Cost of Materials	Value Added by Manufacture	Value of Shipments	Capital Invest.
		Total	with 20 or more employees	Total (000)	Workers (000)	Hours (Mil)	Payroll ($ mil)	Wages ($/hr)	Cost of Materials	Value Added by Manufacture	Value of Shipments	Capital Invest.
Sources: 1992, 1997, 2002 Economic Census; other years, up to 2006, are from the Annual Survey of Manufactures. Establishment counts for non-Census years are from County Business Patterns; 1997 and 2002 values are from the 1997 and 2002 censuses respectively, reported in the Federal Government's NAICS format. Other years were originally reported in equivalent SIC format. ‘P’s show projections by the editors.
1991				16.8	12.8	27.6	697.3	18.36	2,889.6	2,446.2	5,329.4	990.9
1992	29	45	44	15.9	12.1	26.3	689.1	19.07	2,957.7	2,554.7	5,465.6	772.3
1993				14.2	10.8	23.1	627.1	19.49	2,487.8	1,711.1	4,282.1	426.0
1994				12.3	9.4	20.3	569.8	19.98	2,445.5	1,926.4	4,423.9	258.9
1995				13.4	10.4	22.6	630.8	20.17	3,181.9	3,916.7	6,924.0	462.1
1996				15.0	11.1	23.9	700.7	20.16	3,278.7	2,201.1	5,507.9	698.1
1997	25	39	37	10.3	7.8	16.6	531.1	22.97	2,228.8	1,832.8	4,116.7	344.7
1998		44	36	7.4	5.7	12.4	397.2	22.44	1,724.9	1,403.9	3,130.2	415.8
1999		45	35	7.3	5.6	11.7	390.0	23.47	1,634.5	1,442.8	3,113.5	186.6
2000		48	40	7.3	5.7	11.9	411.3	24.50	1,902.4	1,827.1	3,701.4	236.8
2001		51	40	7.2	5.6	12.0	414.5	24.37	1,847.1	1,413.3	3,238.8	193.1
2002	21	32	31	7.7	5.9	12.6	469.7	26.53	1,851.5	1,678.4	3,531.2	187.2
2003		38	28	8.1	6.3	13.3	490.6	26.90	2,207.9	1,659.9	3,890.2	182.1
2004		43	30	7.7	5.9	13.0	491.5	27.61	2,180.2	1,869.4	4,099.4	186.6
2005		43	33	7.2	5.7	12.4	472.9	29.00	2,395.4	1,675.3	4,051.1	138.6
2006				6.7	5.3	12.3	486.1	29.73	2,450.4	1,766.6	4,257.4	363.4
2007				4.5P	3.6P	7.9P	390.5P	29.95P	1,925.8P	1,388.4P	3,345.9P	53.0P
2008				3.8P	3.1P	6.8P	374.2P	30.72P	1,860.1P	1,341.0P	3,231.8P	14.8P
2009				3.1P	2.6P	5.7P	357.8P	31.49P	1,794.4P	1,293.6P	3,117.6P
2010				2.5P	2.1P	4.7P	341.5P	32.26P	1,728.6P	1,246.3P	3,003.4P

INDICES OF CHANGE
Year	Companies	Establishments		Employment			Compensation		Production ($ million)
		Total	with 20 or more employees	Total (000)	Production		Payroll ($ mil)	Wages ($/hr)	Cost of Materials	Value Added by Manufacture	Value of Shipments	Capital Invest.
		Total	with 20 or more employees	Total (000)	Workers (000)	Hours (Mil)	Payroll ($ mil)	Wages ($/hr)	Cost of Materials	Value Added by Manufacture	Value of Shipments	Capital Invest.
Sources: Same as General Statistics. Values reflect change from the base year, 2002. Values above 100 mean greater than 2002, values below 100 mean less than 2002, and the values of 100 in other years means the same as 2002. ‘P’s show projections by the editors.
1992	138	141	142	206	205	209	147	72	160	152	155	413
1997	119	122	119	134	132	132	113	87	120	109	117	184
2001		159	129	94	95	95	88	92	100	84	92	103
2002	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100
2003		119	90	105	107	106	104	101	119	99	110	97
2004		134	97	100	100	103	105	104	118	111	116	100
2005		134	106	94	97	98	101	109	129	100	115	74
2006				87	90	98	103	112	132	105	121	194
2007				58P	61P	63P	83P	113P	104P	83P	95P	28P
2008				49P	53P	54P	80P	116P	100P	80P	92P	8P
2009				40P	44P	45P	76P	119P	97P	77P	88P
2010				32P	36P	37P	73P	122P	93P	74P	85P

SELECTED RATIOS
For 2002	Avg. of All Manufact.	Analyzed Industry	Index	For 2002	Avg. of All Manufact.	Analyzed Industry	Index
Sources: Same as General Statistics. The ‘Average of All Manufacturing’ column represents the average of all manufacturing industries reported for the most recent complete year available. The Index shows the relationship between the Average and the Analyzed Industry. For example, 100 means that they are equal; 500 that the Analyzed Industry is five times the average; 50 means that the Analyzed Industry is half the national average. The abbreviation ‘na’ is used to show that data are ‘not available’. Ratios shown for 2002, the last complete census year.
Employees per Establishment	42	241	573	Value Added per Production Worker	182,367	284,475	156
Payroll per Establishment	1,639,184	14,678,125	895	Cost per Establishment	5,769,015	57,859,375	1,003
Payroll per Employee	39,053	61,000	156	Cost per Employee	137,446	240,455	175
Production Workers per Establishment	30	184	625	Cost per Production Worker	195,506	313,814	161
Wages per Establishment	694,845	10,446,188	1,503	Shipments per Establishment	11,158,348	110,350,000	989
Wages per Production Worker	23,548	56,657	241	Shipments per Employee	265,847	458,597	173
Hours per Production Worker	1,980	2,136	108	Shipments per Production Worker	378,144	598,508	158
Wages per Hour	11.89	26.53	223	Investment per Establishment	361,338	5,850,000	1,619
Value Added per Establishment	5,381,325	52,450,000	975	Investment per Employee	8,609	24,312	282
Value Added per Employee	128,210	217,974	170	Investment per Production Worker	12,245	31,729	259

LEADING COMPANIES Number shown: 46 Total sales ($ mil): 68,608 Total employment (000): 178.3
Company Name	Address				CEO Name	Phone	Co. Type	Sales ($ mil)	Empl. (000)
Sources: Ward's Business Directory of U.S. Private and Public Companies, Volumes 1 and 2, 2008. The company type code used is as follows: P - Public, R - Private, S - Subsidiary, D - Division, J - Joint Venture, A - Affiliate, G - Group. Sales are in millions of dollars, employees are in thousands. An asterisk (*) indicates an estimated sales volume. The symbol < stands for ‘less than’. Company names and addresses are truncated, in some cases, to fit into the available space.
International Paper Co.	6400 Poplar Ave.	Memphis	TN	38119		901-419-9000	P	21,890	51.5
Weyerhaeuser Co.	PO Box 9777	Federal Way	WA	98003		253-924-2345	P	16,308	37.9
Georgia-Pacific Corp.	PO Box 105605	Atlanta	GA	30348	Mario Concha	404-652-4000	S	13,685*	50.0
Smurfit-Stone Container Corp.	150 N Michigan	Chicago	IL	60601		312-346-6600	P	7,420	22.7
Stora Enso North America Corp.	310 3rd Ave. S	Wisconsin Rpds	WI	54495		715-422-1616	R	3,535*	1.0
Rayonier Inc.	50 N Laura St.	Jacksonville	FL	32202		904-357-9100	P	1,225	2.0
Parsons and Whittemore Inc.	4 International Dr.	Rye Brook	NY	10573	George Landegger	914-937-9009	R	1,075*	2.5
P.H. Glatfelter Co.	96 S George St.	York	PA	17401	George Glatfelter	717-225-2719	P	986	3.7
Pope and Talbot Inc.	1500 SW 1st Ave.	Portland	OR	97201		503-228-9161	P	841	2.4
Buckeye Technologies Inc.	PO Box 80407	Memphis	TN	38108		901-320-8100	P	769	1.6
Potlatch Pulp and Paperboard	PO Box 1126	Lewiston	ID	83501	Michael Covey	208-799-1644	S	182*	0.8
Batliner Paper Stock Co.	2501 E Front St.	Kansas City	MO	64120	Nick Sterbach	816-483-3343	R	53*	0.2
Madison Paper Co.	13101 S Pulaski Rd.	Alsip	IL	60803	Steve Smith	708-389-8520	R	50*	0.2
Glpf Inc.	PO Box 277	Menominee	MI	49858	Robert Garland	906-863-8137	R	43*	0.1
Corrugated Services L.P.	PO Box 847	Forney	TX	75126		214-515-6400	R	40*	0.2
Willimantic Waste Paper Co.	PO Box 239	Willimantic	CT	06226	Mary Lou De Vivo	860-423-4527	R	39*	0.1
Recycling Center Inc.	PO Box 2038	Richmond	IN	47375	Jack Edelman	765-966-8295	R	36*	0.1
Somerset Recycling Services	PO Box 1348	Somerset	KY	42502	Steven Keck	606-274-4170	R	32*	<0.1
Master Fibers Inc.	1710 E Paisano Dr.	El Paso	TX	79901	Oscar Castillo	915-544-2299	R	32*	<0.1
Nutmeg Recycling L.L.C.	PO Box 115	South Windsor	CT	06074	Scott Tenny	860-289-7234	R	31*	<0.1
Great Lakes Paper Stock Corp.	30615 Groesbeck	Roseville	MI	48066	Benjamin Rosen	586-779-1310	R	29*	<0.1
Staiman Recycling Corp.	PO Box 1235	Williamsport	PA	17703	Richard Staiman	570-323-9494	R	29*	<0.1
City Carton Company Inc.	3 E Benton St.	Iowa City	IA	52240	John Ockenfels	319-351-2848	R	27*	<0.1
Robbins Lumber Inc.	PO Box 9	Searsmont	ME	04973	Jenness Robbins	207-342-5221	R	26*	0.1
Intercontinental Energy Group	350 Lincoln St.	Hingham	MA	02043	Stephen Roy	781-749-9800	R	26*	<0.1
Yank Waste Company Inc.	PO Box 12024	Albany	NY	12212	David Aronson	518-456-2345	R	25*	<0.1
American Paper Recycling Corp.	87 Central St., 8	Mansfield	MA	02048	Kenneth Golden	508-339-5551	R	24*	<0.1
Bell Processing Inc.	PO Box 2604	Wichita Falls	TX	76307	Duwaybe Bell	940-322-8621	R	20*	<0.1
V and M Corp.	414 E Hudson Ave.	Royal Oak	MI	48067	Habib Mamou	248-541-4020	R	18*	<0.1
Cheney Pulp and Paper Company	PO Box 215	Franklin	OH	45005	James Snyder	937-746-9991	R	18*	<0.1
American Fiber Resources	702 Afr Dr.	Fairmont	WV	26554	Robert Garland	304-368-0900	R	14*	0.1
Cycle Systems Inc.	PO Box 611	Roanoke	VA	24004	Bruce Brenner	540-981-1211	R	14*	<0.1
Accurate Paper Recycling Inc.	5500 E Giddens	Tampa	FL	33610	Douglas Gardner	813-622-7377	R	12*	<0.1
Berlinsky Scrap Corp.	PO Box 733	Joliet	IL	60434	Herbert Glassman	815-726-4334	R	9*	<0.1
Cougle's Recycling Inc.	1000 S 4th St.	Hamburg	PA	19526	Robert Cougle	610-562-8336	R	8*	<0.1
Atlas Waste Paper Corp.	2329 Wharton St.	Pittsburgh	PA	15203	Bertram Kossis	412-431-5329	R	7*	<0.1
World Resource Recovery System	1422 E Ave.	Erie	PA	16503	Frank Lasky	814-455-9611	R	6*	<0.1
Laminated Industries Inc.	2000 Brunswick	Linden	NJ	07036	Chaim Schvimmer	908-862-5995	R	5*	<0.1
Tri-State Iron and Metal Co.	PO Box 775	Texarkana	TX	75504	Howard Glick	870-773-8409	R	4*	<0.1
Recycling Works Inc.	PO Box 1492	Elkhart	IN	46515	Charles Himes	574-293-3751	R	4*	<0.1
Nocomo Industries Inc.	319 S Newton St.	Maryville	MO	64468	Ed Dastmalchain	660-582-2928	R	3*	<0.1
NH Kelman Inc.	PO Box 103	Cohoes	NY	12047	Donald Kelman	518-237-5133	R	2*	<0.1
Civic Recycling	3300 Brown Station	Columbia	MO	65202	Brett Allen	573-474-9526	R	2*	<0.1
Employment Enterprises Inc.	PO Box 303	Little Falls	MN	56345		320-632-9251	R	2*	<0.1
I Erlichman Company Inc.	PO Box 5486	Peoria	IL	61601	Irving Erlichman	309-637-4491	R	2*	<0.1
Land Reclamation Inc.	84 Warren Ave.	Westbrook	ME	04092	Anne Heldenbrand	207-854-1838	R	2*	<0.1

MATERIALS CONSUMED
Material		Quantity	Delivered Cost ($ million)
Sources: 2002 Economic Census. Explanation of symbols used: (D): Withheld to avoid disclosure of competitive data; na: Not available; (S): Withheld because statistical norms were not met; (X): Not applicable; (Z): Less than half the unit shown; nec: Not elsewhere classified; nsk: Not specified by kind; - : zero; p : 10-19 percent estimated; q : 20-29 percent estimated.
Southern pine pulpwood bolts and logs	1,000 standard cords	4,701.6p	266.1
Pulpwood bolts and logs, other softwood (inclHemlock, Douglass fir, and Jack pine)	1,000 standard cords	(D)	(D)
Softwood pumpwood wood chips, slabs, cores, and other mill residues	1,000 standard cords	5,028.6p	343.9
Hardwood pulpwood bolts and logs		(X)	86.1
Hardwood pulpwood wood chips, slabs, cores, and other mill residues	1,000 standard cords	1,113.1q	97.1
Chlorine (100 percent Cl basis)	1,000 s tons	22.0q	4.1
Sodium hydroxide (caustic soda)(100 percent NaOH)	1,000 s tons	437.8q	84.3
Sodium chlorate (100 percent NaClO3).	1,000 s tons	246.0p	85.8
Other sodium compounds		(X)	11.2
Aluminum sulfate (17 percent Al2O3).	1,000 s tons	(D)	(D)
Lime	1,000 s tons	163.9p	12.9
All other chemicals (inclrosin sizing, kaolin, ball clay, starch, etc.)		(X)	106.5
Woodpulp (air dry basis)	1,000 s tons	(D)	(D)
Recovered paper, all types		(X)	80.9
Packaging paper and plastics film (coated, laminated, etc.).		(X)	15.2
Paperboard containers, boxes, and corrugated paperboard.		(X)	(D)
All other materials, components, parts, containers, and supplies.		(X)	268.2
Materials, ingredients, containers, and supplies, nsk.		(X)	26.7

PRODUCT SHARE DETAILS
Product or Product Class Shipments	Mil. $	Product or Product Class Shipments	Mil. $
Sources: 2002 Economic Census. The values are product shipments in millions of dollars for 2002. Total product shipments may be lower or higher than industry shipments. See Introduction for a full discussion. Values of indented subcategories are summed in the main heading(s). The symbol (D) appears when data are withheld to prevent disclosure of competitive information. The abbreviation nsk stands for ‘not specified by kind’ and nec for ‘not elsewhere classified’. A dash (-) means zero.
PULP	5,389.3	Other wood pulp, including defibrated or exploded, screenings, damaged, etc	(D)
Special alpha and dissolving wood pulp (sulfite and sulfate for chemical conversion, papermaking, and other uses)	895.5	Pulp, other than wood, and pulp mill byproducts, nec	485.6
Sulfate wood pulp, including soda	3,818.1	Pulp, other than wood, and pulp mill byproducts, nec	485.5
Sulfate woodpulp, bleached and semibleached, including soda	3,583.9	Pulp, other than wood, including pulp manufactured from cotton liners, straw, rag, flax, deinked paper, begasse, etc	452.7
Sulfate woodpulp, unbleached	230.2	Turpentine, sulfate	13.6
Sulfate woodpulp, including soda, nsk	4.1	Other pulp mill cooking liquor byproducts (skimmings, binders, fuel, etc)	19.2
Sulfite and other woodpulp	180.6	Pulp, other than wood, and pulp mill byproducts, nec, nsk	0.1
Sulfite wood pulp, bleached and unbleached	(D)	Pulp, nsk, total	9.5
Ground wood pulp (stone, refiner, and ther momechanical)	(D)
Semichemical wood pulp	(D)

INPUTS AND OUTPUTS FOR PULP MILLS
Economic Sector or Industry Providing Inputs	%	Sector	Economic Sector or Industry Buying Outputs	%	Sector
Compensation of employees	19.1		Paper mills	39.8	Manufg.
Logging	13.0	Agric.	Exports of goods & services	31.3	Cap Inv
Sawmills & wood preservation	10.8	Manufg.	Sanitary paper products	9.2	Manufg.
Wholesale trade	4.4	Trade	Coated & laminated paper & packaging materials	4.4	Manufg.
Natural gas distribution	4.2	Util.	Paperboard containers	4.2	Manufg.
Management of companies & enterprises	3.6	Services	Paperboard mills	4.1	Manufg.
Basic inorganic chemicals, nec	3.0	Manufg.	Converted paper products, nec	3.6	Manufg.
Power generation & supply	2.4	Util.	Change in private inventories	1.3	In House
Basic organic chemicals, nec	2.1	Manufg.	Stationery products	1.1	Manufg.
Pulp mills	1.9	Manufg.	Pulp mills	0.9	Manufg.
Truck transportation	1.9	Util.	Maintenance/repair of nonresidential structures	0.2	Construct.
Alkalies & chlorine	1.5	Manufg.
Rail transportation	1.5	Util.
Scrap	1.4	Scrap
Maintenance/repair of nonresidential structures	1.0	Construct.
Taxes on production & imports, less subsidies	0.9
Services to buildings & dwellings	0.9	Services
Petroleum refineries	0.8	Manufg.
Wood containers & pallets	0.6	Manufg.
Noncomparable imports	0.6	Foreign
Automotive repair & maintenance, ex. car washes	0.6	Services
Lessors of nonfinancial assets	0.5	Fin/R.E.
Commercial & industrial equipment repair/maintenance	0.5	Services
Waste management & remediation services	0.5	Services
Coal	0.5	Mining
Wet corn milling	0.4	Manufg.
Valve & fittings other than plumbing	0.4	Manufg.
Legal services	0.3	Services
Real estate	0.3	Fin/R.E.
Lime & gypsum products	0.3	Manufg.
Architectural, engineering, & related services	0.3	Services
Business support services	0.3	Services
Coating, engraving, heat treating & allied activities	0.3	Manufg.
Specialized design services	0.3	Services
Machine shops	0.3	Manufg.
Food services & drinking places	0.3	Services
Employment services	0.2	Services
Monetary authorities/depository credit intermediation	0.2	Fin/R.E.
Management, scientific, & technical consulting	0.2	Services
Adhesives	0.2	Manufg.
Chemical products & preparations, nec	0.2	Manufg.
Accounting, tax preparation, bookkeeping, & payroll	0.2	Services
Automotive equipment rental & leasing	0.2	Fin/R.E.
Water, sewage and other systems	0.2	Util.
Converted paper products, nec	0.2	Manufg.
Advertising & related services	0.2	Services
Synthetic dyes & pigments	0.2	Manufg.
Telecommunications	0.2	Services
Warehousing & storage	0.2	Util.
Other S/L govt. enterprises	0.1	S/L Govt
Electronic & precision equipment repair/maintenance	0.1	Services
Hotels & motels, including casino hotels	0.1	Services
Scientific research & development services	0.1	Services
Personal & household goods repair/maintenance	0.1	Services
Nondepository credit intermediation activities	0.1	Fin/R.E.
Semiconductors & related devices	0.1	Manufg.
Air transportation	0.1	Util.

INPUTS AND OUTPUTS FOR PULP MILLS - Continued
Economic Sector or Industry Providing Inputs	%	Sector	Economic Sector or Industry Buying Outputs	%	Sector
Sources: Benchmark Input-Output Accounts for the U.S. Economy, 2002, U.S. Department of Commerce, Washington, D.C., January 2008. The abbreviation nec stands for ‘not elsewhere classified’.
Other computer related services, including facilities	0.1	Services
Plastics packaging materials, film & sheet	0.1	Manufg.
Printed circuit assemblies (electronic assembiles)	0.1	Manufg.
Support services, nec	0.1	Services
Investigation & security services	0.1	Services
Petrochemicals	0.1	Manufg.
Commercial & industrial machinery rental & leasing	0.1	Fin/R.E.
Industrial gases	0.1	Manufg.

OCCUPATIONS EMPLOYED BY PULP, PAPER, & PAPERBOARD MILLS
Occupation	% of Total 2006	Change to 2016	Occupation	% of Total 2006	Change to 2016
Sources: Industry-Occupation Matrix, Bureau of Labor Statistics, December 4, 2007. These data are reported based on 4-digit NAICS categories but have been matched to corresponding 6-digit NAICS industry codes. The change reported for each occupation to the year 2016 is a percent of growth or decline as estimated by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The abbreviation nec stands for ‘not elsewhere classified’.
Paper goods machine setters, operators, & tenders	18.2	-30.6	Machine feeders & offbearers	1.9	-37.6
Industrial machinery mechanics	4.3	-20.2	Mixing & blending machine operators & tenders	1.8	-30.6
Maintenance & repair workers, general	4.2	-30.6	Stationary engineers & boiler operators	1.8	-30.6
Helpers--Production workers	3.9	-30.6	Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, & weighers	1.7	-34.6
First-line supervisors/managers of production workers	3.6	-30.6	Coating, painting, & spraying machine operators	1.3	-34.1
Cutting & slicing machine operators	3.2	-30.6	Shipping, receiving, & traffic clerks	1.3	-33.3
Production workers, nec	3.1	-31.9	First-line supervisors/managers of mechanics	1.3	-30.6
Laborers & freight, stock, & material movers, hand	3.0	-37.6	Industrial engineers	1.2	-15.8
Industrial truck & tractor operators	2.7	-37.6	General & operations managers	1.1	-37.6
Millwrights	2.3	-24.8	Chemical plant & system operators	1.1	-30.6
Electricians	2.0	-28.1	Industrial production managers	1.0	-30.6

INDUSTRY DATA BY STATE
State	Establishments	Shipments			Employment				Cost as % of Shipments	Investment per Employee ($)
State	Establishments	Total ($ mil)	% of U.S.	Per Establ.	Total Number	% of U.S.	Per Establ.	Wages ($/hour)	Cost as % of Shipments	Investment per Employee ($)
Sources: 2002 Economic Census. The states are in descending order of shipments or establishments (if shipment data are missing for the majority). The symbol (D) appears when data are withheld to prevent disclosure of competitive information. States marked with (D) are sorted by number of establishments. A dash (-) indicates that the data element cannot be calculated. Data may not show all states active in the NAICS category. All data available at the time of publication are shown.
Georgia	4	1,039.7	29.4	259,915.0	2,138	27.7	535	28.32	45.9	38,028
Mississippi	3	423.5	12.0	141,177.7	1,061	13.7	354	23.88	56.8	21,026

NAICS 322110 - Pulp Mills

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NAICS 322110 - Pulp Mills

GENERAL STATISTICS
Year	Companies	Establishments		Employment			Compensation		Production ($ million)
		Total	with 20 or more employees	Total (000)	Production		Payroll ($ mil)	Wages ($/hr)	Cost of Materials	Value Added by Manufacture	Value of Shipments	Capital Invest.
		Total	with 20 or more employees	Total (000)	Workers (000)	Hours (Mil)	Payroll ($ mil)	Wages ($/hr)	Cost of Materials	Value Added by Manufacture	Value of Shipments	Capital Invest.
Sources: 1992, 1997, 2002 Economic Census; other years, up to 2006, are from the Annual Survey of Manufactures. Establishment counts for non-Census years are from County Business Patterns; 1997 and 2002 values are from the 1997 and 2002 censuses respectively, reported in the Federal Government's NAICS format. Other years were originally reported in equivalent SIC format. ‘P’s show projections by the editors.
1991				16.8	12.8	27.6	697.3	18.36	2,889.6	2,446.2	5,329.4	990.9
1992	29	45	44	15.9	12.1	26.3	689.1	19.07	2,957.7	2,554.7	5,465.6	772.3
1993				14.2	10.8	23.1	627.1	19.49	2,487.8	1,711.1	4,282.1	426.0
1994				12.3	9.4	20.3	569.8	19.98	2,445.5	1,926.4	4,423.9	258.9
1995				13.4	10.4	22.6	630.8	20.17	3,181.9	3,916.7	6,924.0	462.1
1996				15.0	11.1	23.9	700.7	20.16	3,278.7	2,201.1	5,507.9	698.1
1997	25	39	37	10.3	7.8	16.6	531.1	22.97	2,228.8	1,832.8	4,116.7	344.7
1998		44	36	7.4	5.7	12.4	397.2	22.44	1,724.9	1,403.9	3,130.2	415.8
1999		45	35	7.3	5.6	11.7	390.0	23.47	1,634.5	1,442.8	3,113.5	186.6
2000		48	40	7.3	5.7	11.9	411.3	24.50	1,902.4	1,827.1	3,701.4	236.8
2001		51	40	7.2	5.6	12.0	414.5	24.37	1,847.1	1,413.3	3,238.8	193.1
2002	21	32	31	7.7	5.9	12.6	469.7	26.53	1,851.5	1,678.4	3,531.2	187.2
2003		38	28	8.1	6.3	13.3	490.6	26.90	2,207.9	1,659.9	3,890.2	182.1
2004		43	30	7.7	5.9	13.0	491.5	27.61	2,180.2	1,869.4	4,099.4	186.6
2005		43	33	7.2	5.7	12.4	472.9	29.00	2,395.4	1,675.3	4,051.1	138.6
2006				6.7	5.3	12.3	486.1	29.73	2,450.4	1,766.6	4,257.4	363.4
2007				4.5P	3.6P	7.9P	390.5P	29.95P	1,925.8P	1,388.4P	3,345.9P	53.0P
2008				3.8P	3.1P	6.8P	374.2P	30.72P	1,860.1P	1,341.0P	3,231.8P	14.8P
2009				3.1P	2.6P	5.7P	357.8P	31.49P	1,794.4P	1,293.6P	3,117.6P
2010				2.5P	2.1P	4.7P	341.5P	32.26P	1,728.6P	1,246.3P	3,003.4P

INDICES OF CHANGE
Year	Companies	Establishments		Employment			Compensation		Production ($ million)
		Total	with 20 or more employees	Total (000)	Production		Payroll ($ mil)	Wages ($/hr)	Cost of Materials	Value Added by Manufacture	Value of Shipments	Capital Invest.
		Total	with 20 or more employees	Total (000)	Workers (000)	Hours (Mil)	Payroll ($ mil)	Wages ($/hr)	Cost of Materials	Value Added by Manufacture	Value of Shipments	Capital Invest.
Sources: Same as General Statistics. Values reflect change from the base year, 2002. Values above 100 mean greater than 2002, values below 100 mean less than 2002, and the values of 100 in other years means the same as 2002. ‘P’s show projections by the editors.
1992	138	141	142	206	205	209	147	72	160	152	155	413
1997	119	122	119	134	132	132	113	87	120	109	117	184
2001		159	129	94	95	95	88	92	100	84	92	103
2002	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100
2003		119	90	105	107	106	104	101	119	99	110	97
2004		134	97	100	100	103	105	104	118	111	116	100
2005		134	106	94	97	98	101	109	129	100	115	74
2006				87	90	98	103	112	132	105	121	194
2007				58P	61P	63P	83P	113P	104P	83P	95P	28P
2008				49P	53P	54P	80P	116P	100P	80P	92P	8P
2009				40P	44P	45P	76P	119P	97P	77P	88P
2010				32P	36P	37P	73P	122P	93P	74P	85P

SELECTED RATIOS
For 2002	Avg. of All Manufact.	Analyzed Industry	Index	For 2002	Avg. of All Manufact.	Analyzed Industry	Index
Sources: Same as General Statistics. The ‘Average of All Manufacturing’ column represents the average of all manufacturing industries reported for the most recent complete year available. The Index shows the relationship between the Average and the Analyzed Industry. For example, 100 means that they are equal; 500 that the Analyzed Industry is five times the average; 50 means that the Analyzed Industry is half the national average. The abbreviation ‘na’ is used to show that data are ‘not available’. Ratios shown for 2002, the last complete census year.
Employees per Establishment	42	241	573	Value Added per Production Worker	182,367	284,475	156
Payroll per Establishment	1,639,184	14,678,125	895	Cost per Establishment	5,769,015	57,859,375	1,003
Payroll per Employee	39,053	61,000	156	Cost per Employee	137,446	240,455	175
Production Workers per Establishment	30	184	625	Cost per Production Worker	195,506	313,814	161
Wages per Establishment	694,845	10,446,188	1,503	Shipments per Establishment	11,158,348	110,350,000	989
Wages per Production Worker	23,548	56,657	241	Shipments per Employee	265,847	458,597	173
Hours per Production Worker	1,980	2,136	108	Shipments per Production Worker	378,144	598,508	158
Wages per Hour	11.89	26.53	223	Investment per Establishment	361,338	5,850,000	1,619
Value Added per Establishment	5,381,325	52,450,000	975	Investment per Employee	8,609	24,312	282
Value Added per Employee	128,210	217,974	170	Investment per Production Worker	12,245	31,729	259

LEADING COMPANIES Number shown: 46 Total sales ($ mil): 68,608 Total employment (000): 178.3
Company Name	Address				CEO Name	Phone	Co. Type	Sales ($ mil)	Empl. (000)
Sources: Ward's Business Directory of U.S. Private and Public Companies, Volumes 1 and 2, 2008. The company type code used is as follows: P - Public, R - Private, S - Subsidiary, D - Division, J - Joint Venture, A - Affiliate, G - Group. Sales are in millions of dollars, employees are in thousands. An asterisk (*) indicates an estimated sales volume. The symbol < stands for ‘less than’. Company names and addresses are truncated, in some cases, to fit into the available space.
International Paper Co.	6400 Poplar Ave.	Memphis	TN	38119		901-419-9000	P	21,890	51.5
Weyerhaeuser Co.	PO Box 9777	Federal Way	WA	98003		253-924-2345	P	16,308	37.9
Georgia-Pacific Corp.	PO Box 105605	Atlanta	GA	30348	Mario Concha	404-652-4000	S	13,685*	50.0
Smurfit-Stone Container Corp.	150 N Michigan	Chicago	IL	60601		312-346-6600	P	7,420	22.7
Stora Enso North America Corp.	310 3rd Ave. S	Wisconsin Rpds	WI	54495		715-422-1616	R	3,535*	1.0
Rayonier Inc.	50 N Laura St.	Jacksonville	FL	32202		904-357-9100	P	1,225	2.0
Parsons and Whittemore Inc.	4 International Dr.	Rye Brook	NY	10573	George Landegger	914-937-9009	R	1,075*	2.5
P.H. Glatfelter Co.	96 S George St.	York	PA	17401	George Glatfelter	717-225-2719	P	986	3.7
Pope and Talbot Inc.	1500 SW 1st Ave.	Portland	OR	97201		503-228-9161	P	841	2.4
Buckeye Technologies Inc.	PO Box 80407	Memphis	TN	38108		901-320-8100	P	769	1.6
Potlatch Pulp and Paperboard	PO Box 1126	Lewiston	ID	83501	Michael Covey	208-799-1644	S	182*	0.8
Batliner Paper Stock Co.	2501 E Front St.	Kansas City	MO	64120	Nick Sterbach	816-483-3343	R	53*	0.2
Madison Paper Co.	13101 S Pulaski Rd.	Alsip	IL	60803	Steve Smith	708-389-8520	R	50*	0.2
Glpf Inc.	PO Box 277	Menominee	MI	49858	Robert Garland	906-863-8137	R	43*	0.1
Corrugated Services L.P.	PO Box 847	Forney	TX	75126		214-515-6400	R	40*	0.2
Willimantic Waste Paper Co.	PO Box 239	Willimantic	CT	06226	Mary Lou De Vivo	860-423-4527	R	39*	0.1
Recycling Center Inc.	PO Box 2038	Richmond	IN	47375	Jack Edelman	765-966-8295	R	36*	0.1
Somerset Recycling Services	PO Box 1348	Somerset	KY	42502	Steven Keck	606-274-4170	R	32*	<0.1
Master Fibers Inc.	1710 E Paisano Dr.	El Paso	TX	79901	Oscar Castillo	915-544-2299	R	32*	<0.1
Nutmeg Recycling L.L.C.	PO Box 115	South Windsor	CT	06074	Scott Tenny	860-289-7234	R	31*	<0.1
Great Lakes Paper Stock Corp.	30615 Groesbeck	Roseville	MI	48066	Benjamin Rosen	586-779-1310	R	29*	<0.1
Staiman Recycling Corp.	PO Box 1235	Williamsport	PA	17703	Richard Staiman	570-323-9494	R	29*	<0.1
City Carton Company Inc.	3 E Benton St.	Iowa City	IA	52240	John Ockenfels	319-351-2848	R	27*	<0.1
Robbins Lumber Inc.	PO Box 9	Searsmont	ME	04973	Jenness Robbins	207-342-5221	R	26*	0.1
Intercontinental Energy Group	350 Lincoln St.	Hingham	MA	02043	Stephen Roy	781-749-9800	R	26*	<0.1
Yank Waste Company Inc.	PO Box 12024	Albany	NY	12212	David Aronson	518-456-2345	R	25*	<0.1
American Paper Recycling Corp.	87 Central St., 8	Mansfield	MA	02048	Kenneth Golden	508-339-5551	R	24*	<0.1
Bell Processing Inc.	PO Box 2604	Wichita Falls	TX	76307	Duwaybe Bell	940-322-8621	R	20*	<0.1
V and M Corp.	414 E Hudson Ave.	Royal Oak	MI	48067	Habib Mamou	248-541-4020	R	18*	<0.1
Cheney Pulp and Paper Company	PO Box 215	Franklin	OH	45005	James Snyder	937-746-9991	R	18*	<0.1
American Fiber Resources	702 Afr Dr.	Fairmont	WV	26554	Robert Garland	304-368-0900	R	14*	0.1
Cycle Systems Inc.	PO Box 611	Roanoke	VA	24004	Bruce Brenner	540-981-1211	R	14*	<0.1
Accurate Paper Recycling Inc.	5500 E Giddens	Tampa	FL	33610	Douglas Gardner	813-622-7377	R	12*	<0.1
Berlinsky Scrap Corp.	PO Box 733	Joliet	IL	60434	Herbert Glassman	815-726-4334	R	9*	<0.1
Cougle's Recycling Inc.	1000 S 4th St.	Hamburg	PA	19526	Robert Cougle	610-562-8336	R	8*	<0.1
Atlas Waste Paper Corp.	2329 Wharton St.	Pittsburgh	PA	15203	Bertram Kossis	412-431-5329	R	7*	<0.1
World Resource Recovery System	1422 E Ave.	Erie	PA	16503	Frank Lasky	814-455-9611	R	6*	<0.1
Laminated Industries Inc.	2000 Brunswick	Linden	NJ	07036	Chaim Schvimmer	908-862-5995	R	5*	<0.1
Tri-State Iron and Metal Co.	PO Box 775	Texarkana	TX	75504	Howard Glick	870-773-8409	R	4*	<0.1
Recycling Works Inc.	PO Box 1492	Elkhart	IN	46515	Charles Himes	574-293-3751	R	4*	<0.1
Nocomo Industries Inc.	319 S Newton St.	Maryville	MO	64468	Ed Dastmalchain	660-582-2928	R	3*	<0.1
NH Kelman Inc.	PO Box 103	Cohoes	NY	12047	Donald Kelman	518-237-5133	R	2*	<0.1
Civic Recycling	3300 Brown Station	Columbia	MO	65202	Brett Allen	573-474-9526	R	2*	<0.1
Employment Enterprises Inc.	PO Box 303	Little Falls	MN	56345		320-632-9251	R	2*	<0.1
I Erlichman Company Inc.	PO Box 5486	Peoria	IL	61601	Irving Erlichman	309-637-4491	R	2*	<0.1
Land Reclamation Inc.	84 Warren Ave.	Westbrook	ME	04092	Anne Heldenbrand	207-854-1838	R	2*	<0.1

MATERIALS CONSUMED
Material		Quantity	Delivered Cost ($ million)
Sources: 2002 Economic Census. Explanation of symbols used: (D): Withheld to avoid disclosure of competitive data; na: Not available; (S): Withheld because statistical norms were not met; (X): Not applicable; (Z): Less than half the unit shown; nec: Not elsewhere classified; nsk: Not specified by kind; - : zero; p : 10-19 percent estimated; q : 20-29 percent estimated.
Southern pine pulpwood bolts and logs	1,000 standard cords	4,701.6p	266.1
Pulpwood bolts and logs, other softwood (inclHemlock, Douglass fir, and Jack pine)	1,000 standard cords	(D)	(D)
Softwood pumpwood wood chips, slabs, cores, and other mill residues	1,000 standard cords	5,028.6p	343.9
Hardwood pulpwood bolts and logs		(X)	86.1
Hardwood pulpwood wood chips, slabs, cores, and other mill residues	1,000 standard cords	1,113.1q	97.1
Chlorine (100 percent Cl basis)	1,000 s tons	22.0q	4.1
Sodium hydroxide (caustic soda)(100 percent NaOH)	1,000 s tons	437.8q	84.3
Sodium chlorate (100 percent NaClO3).	1,000 s tons	246.0p	85.8
Other sodium compounds		(X)	11.2
Aluminum sulfate (17 percent Al2O3).	1,000 s tons	(D)	(D)
Lime	1,000 s tons	163.9p	12.9
All other chemicals (inclrosin sizing, kaolin, ball clay, starch, etc.)		(X)	106.5
Woodpulp (air dry basis)	1,000 s tons	(D)	(D)
Recovered paper, all types		(X)	80.9
Packaging paper and plastics film (coated, laminated, etc.).		(X)	15.2
Paperboard containers, boxes, and corrugated paperboard.		(X)	(D)
All other materials, components, parts, containers, and supplies.		(X)	268.2
Materials, ingredients, containers, and supplies, nsk.		(X)	26.7

PRODUCT SHARE DETAILS
Product or Product Class Shipments	Mil. $	Product or Product Class Shipments	Mil. $
Sources: 2002 Economic Census. The values are product shipments in millions of dollars for 2002. Total product shipments may be lower or higher than industry shipments. See Introduction for a full discussion. Values of indented subcategories are summed in the main heading(s). The symbol (D) appears when data are withheld to prevent disclosure of competitive information. The abbreviation nsk stands for ‘not specified by kind’ and nec for ‘not elsewhere classified’. A dash (-) means zero.
PULP	5,389.3	Other wood pulp, including defibrated or exploded, screenings, damaged, etc	(D)
Special alpha and dissolving wood pulp (sulfite and sulfate for chemical conversion, papermaking, and other uses)	895.5	Pulp, other than wood, and pulp mill byproducts, nec	485.6
Sulfate wood pulp, including soda	3,818.1	Pulp, other than wood, and pulp mill byproducts, nec	485.5
Sulfate woodpulp, bleached and semibleached, including soda	3,583.9	Pulp, other than wood, including pulp manufactured from cotton liners, straw, rag, flax, deinked paper, begasse, etc	452.7
Sulfate woodpulp, unbleached	230.2	Turpentine, sulfate	13.6
Sulfate woodpulp, including soda, nsk	4.1	Other pulp mill cooking liquor byproducts (skimmings, binders, fuel, etc)	19.2
Sulfite and other woodpulp	180.6	Pulp, other than wood, and pulp mill byproducts, nec, nsk	0.1
Sulfite wood pulp, bleached and unbleached	(D)	Pulp, nsk, total	9.5
Ground wood pulp (stone, refiner, and ther momechanical)	(D)
Semichemical wood pulp	(D)

INPUTS AND OUTPUTS FOR PULP MILLS
Economic Sector or Industry Providing Inputs	%	Sector	Economic Sector or Industry Buying Outputs	%	Sector
Compensation of employees	19.1		Paper mills	39.8	Manufg.
Logging	13.0	Agric.	Exports of goods & services	31.3	Cap Inv
Sawmills & wood preservation	10.8	Manufg.	Sanitary paper products	9.2	Manufg.
Wholesale trade	4.4	Trade	Coated & laminated paper & packaging materials	4.4	Manufg.
Natural gas distribution	4.2	Util.	Paperboard containers	4.2	Manufg.
Management of companies & enterprises	3.6	Services	Paperboard mills	4.1	Manufg.
Basic inorganic chemicals, nec	3.0	Manufg.	Converted paper products, nec	3.6	Manufg.
Power generation & supply	2.4	Util.	Change in private inventories	1.3	In House
Basic organic chemicals, nec	2.1	Manufg.	Stationery products	1.1	Manufg.
Pulp mills	1.9	Manufg.	Pulp mills	0.9	Manufg.
Truck transportation	1.9	Util.	Maintenance/repair of nonresidential structures	0.2	Construct.
Alkalies & chlorine	1.5	Manufg.
Rail transportation	1.5	Util.
Scrap	1.4	Scrap
Maintenance/repair of nonresidential structures	1.0	Construct.
Taxes on production & imports, less subsidies	0.9
Services to buildings & dwellings	0.9	Services
Petroleum refineries	0.8	Manufg.
Wood containers & pallets	0.6	Manufg.
Noncomparable imports	0.6	Foreign
Automotive repair & maintenance, ex. car washes	0.6	Services
Lessors of nonfinancial assets	0.5	Fin/R.E.
Commercial & industrial equipment repair/maintenance	0.5	Services
Waste management & remediation services	0.5	Services
Coal	0.5	Mining
Wet corn milling	0.4	Manufg.
Valve & fittings other than plumbing	0.4	Manufg.
Legal services	0.3	Services
Real estate	0.3	Fin/R.E.
Lime & gypsum products	0.3	Manufg.
Architectural, engineering, & related services	0.3	Services
Business support services	0.3	Services
Coating, engraving, heat treating & allied activities	0.3	Manufg.
Specialized design services	0.3	Services
Machine shops	0.3	Manufg.
Food services & drinking places	0.3	Services
Employment services	0.2	Services
Monetary authorities/depository credit intermediation	0.2	Fin/R.E.
Management, scientific, & technical consulting	0.2	Services
Adhesives	0.2	Manufg.
Chemical products & preparations, nec	0.2	Manufg.
Accounting, tax preparation, bookkeeping, & payroll	0.2	Services
Automotive equipment rental & leasing	0.2	Fin/R.E.
Water, sewage and other systems	0.2	Util.
Converted paper products, nec	0.2	Manufg.
Advertising & related services	0.2	Services
Synthetic dyes & pigments	0.2	Manufg.
Telecommunications	0.2	Services
Warehousing & storage	0.2	Util.
Other S/L govt. enterprises	0.1	S/L Govt
Electronic & precision equipment repair/maintenance	0.1	Services
Hotels & motels, including casino hotels	0.1	Services
Scientific research & development services	0.1	Services
Personal & household goods repair/maintenance	0.1	Services
Nondepository credit intermediation activities	0.1	Fin/R.E.
Semiconductors & related devices	0.1	Manufg.
Air transportation	0.1	Util.

INPUTS AND OUTPUTS FOR PULP MILLS - Continued
Economic Sector or Industry Providing Inputs	%	Sector	Economic Sector or Industry Buying Outputs	%	Sector
Sources: Benchmark Input-Output Accounts for the U.S. Economy, 2002, U.S. Department of Commerce, Washington, D.C., January 2008. The abbreviation nec stands for ‘not elsewhere classified’.
Other computer related services, including facilities	0.1	Services
Plastics packaging materials, film & sheet	0.1	Manufg.
Printed circuit assemblies (electronic assembiles)	0.1	Manufg.
Support services, nec	0.1	Services
Investigation & security services	0.1	Services
Petrochemicals	0.1	Manufg.
Commercial & industrial machinery rental & leasing	0.1	Fin/R.E.
Industrial gases	0.1	Manufg.

OCCUPATIONS EMPLOYED BY PULP, PAPER, & PAPERBOARD MILLS
Occupation	% of Total 2006	Change to 2016	Occupation	% of Total 2006	Change to 2016
Sources: Industry-Occupation Matrix, Bureau of Labor Statistics, December 4, 2007. These data are reported based on 4-digit NAICS categories but have been matched to corresponding 6-digit NAICS industry codes. The change reported for each occupation to the year 2016 is a percent of growth or decline as estimated by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The abbreviation nec stands for ‘not elsewhere classified’.
Paper goods machine setters, operators, & tenders	18.2	-30.6	Machine feeders & offbearers	1.9	-37.6
Industrial machinery mechanics	4.3	-20.2	Mixing & blending machine operators & tenders	1.8	-30.6
Maintenance & repair workers, general	4.2	-30.6	Stationary engineers & boiler operators	1.8	-30.6
Helpers--Production workers	3.9	-30.6	Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, & weighers	1.7	-34.6
First-line supervisors/managers of production workers	3.6	-30.6	Coating, painting, & spraying machine operators	1.3	-34.1
Cutting & slicing machine operators	3.2	-30.6	Shipping, receiving, & traffic clerks	1.3	-33.3
Production workers, nec	3.1	-31.9	First-line supervisors/managers of mechanics	1.3	-30.6
Laborers & freight, stock, & material movers, hand	3.0	-37.6	Industrial engineers	1.2	-15.8
Industrial truck & tractor operators	2.7	-37.6	General & operations managers	1.1	-37.6
Millwrights	2.3	-24.8	Chemical plant & system operators	1.1	-30.6
Electricians	2.0	-28.1	Industrial production managers	1.0	-30.6

INDUSTRY DATA BY STATE
State	Establishments	Shipments			Employment				Cost as % of Shipments	Investment per Employee ($)
State	Establishments	Total ($ mil)	% of U.S.	Per Establ.	Total Number	% of U.S.	Per Establ.	Wages ($/hour)	Cost as % of Shipments	Investment per Employee ($)
Sources: 2002 Economic Census. The states are in descending order of shipments or establishments (if shipment data are missing for the majority). The symbol (D) appears when data are withheld to prevent disclosure of competitive information. States marked with (D) are sorted by number of establishments. A dash (-) indicates that the data element cannot be calculated. Data may not show all states active in the NAICS category. All data available at the time of publication are shown.
Georgia	4	1,039.7	29.4	259,915.0	2,138	27.7	535	28.32	45.9	38,028
Mississippi	3	423.5	12.0	141,177.7	1,061	13.7	354	23.88	56.8	21,026