2001 San Antonio, Texas (SAT)

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2001 SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS (SAT)

The city of San Antonio is located in the south–central portion of Texas on the Balcones escarpment. Northwest of the city, the terrain slopes upward to the Edwards Plateau and to the southeast it slopes downward to the Gulf Coastal Plains. Soils are blackland clay and silty loam on the Plains and thin limestone soils on the Edwards Plateau.

The location of San Antonio on the edge of the Gulf Coastal Plains is influenced by a modified subtropical climate, predominantly continental during the winter months and marine during the summer months. Temperatures range from 50 degrees in January to the middle 80s in July and August. While the summer is hot, with daily temperatures above 90 degrees over 80 percent of the time, extremely high temperatures are rare. Mild weather prevails during much of the winter months, with below–freezing temperatures occurring on an average of about 20 days each year.

San Antonio is situated between a semi–arid area to the west and the coastal area of heavy precipitation to the east. The normal annual rainfall of nearly 28 inches is sufficient for the production of most crops. Precipitation is fairly well distributed throughout the year with the heaviest amounts occurring during May and September. The precipitation from April through September usually occurs from thunderstorms. Large amounts of precipitation may fall during short periods of time. Most of the winter precipitation occurs as light rain or drizzle. Thunderstorms and heavy rains have occurred in all months of the year. Hail of damaging intensity seldom occurs but light hail is frequent with the springtime thunderstorms. Measurable snow occurs only once in three or four years. Snowfall of 2 to 4 inches occurs about every ten years.

Northerly winds prevail during most of the winter, and strong northerly winds occasionally occur during storms called northers. Southeasterly winds from the Gulf of Mexico also occur frequently during winter and are predominant in summer.

Since San Antonio is located only 140 miles from the Gulf of Mexico, tropical storms occasionally affect the city with strong winds and heavy rains. One of the fastest winds recorded, 74 mph, occurred as a tropical storm moved inland east of the city in August 1942.

Relative humidity is above 80 percent during the early morning hours most of the year, dropping to near 50 percent in the late afternoon.

San Antonio has about 50 percent of the possible amount of sunshine during the winter months and more than 70 percent during the summer months. Skies are clear to partly cloudy more than 60 percent of the time and cloudy less than 40 percent. Air carried over San Antonio by southeasterly winds is lifted orographically, causing low stratus clouds to develop frequently during the later part of the night. These clouds usually dissipate around noon, and clear skies prevail a high percentage of the time during the afternoon.

The first occurrence of 32 degrees Fahrenheit is in late November and the average last occurrence is in early March.

NORMALS, MEANS, AND EXTREMES

SAN ANTONIO, TX (SAT)

LATITUDE:    LONGITUDE:    ELEVATION (FT):    TIME ZONE:    WBAN: 12921

29 31′ 58″ N  98 27′ 49″ W  GRND: 818  BARO: 821  CENTRAL (UTC + 6)

ELEMENTPORJANFEBMARAPRMAYJUNJULAUGSEPOCTNOVDECYEAR
TEMPERATURE FNORMAL DAILY MAXIMUM3060.865.773.580.385.391.895.095.389.381.771.963.579.5
MEAN DAILY MAXIMUM5461.966.573.480.486.091.995.195.389.981.971.264.379.8
HIGHEST DAILY MAXIMUM6089100100101103107106108111999490111
YEAR OF OCCURRENCE197119961991199619891998198919862000199119881955SEP 2000
MEAN OF EXTREME MAXS.5479.683.488.391.694.497.9100.1100.497.592.085.280.290.9
NORMAL DAILY MINIMUM3037.941.349.758.465.772.675.074.569.258.848.840.857.7
MEAN DAILY MINIMUM5439.443.450.058.366.172.174.473.869.259.248.741.658.0
LOWEST DAILY MINIMUM600619314353626141272160
YEAR OF OCCURRENCE194919511980198719841964196719921942199319761989JAN 1949
MEAN OF EXTREME MINS.5422.326.531.340.752.162.568.867.555.542.230.824.643.7
NORMAL DRY BULB3049.353.561.769.375.582.285.084.979.370.260.452.268.6
MEAN DRY BULB5450.854.961.769.276.182.084.884.579.570.560.052.968.9
MEAN WET BULB1845.949.854.661.268.873.173.873.770.063.051.547.761.1
MEAN DEW POINT1839.243.348.055.064.569.169.068.964.957.846.341.455.6
NORMAL NO. DAYS WITH:
MAXIMUM 90300.00.20.82.17.720.727.428.016.84.10.10.0107.9
MAXIMUM 32300.20.20.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.20.6
MINIMUM 32309.55.71.7*0.00.00.00.00.00.01.86.625.3
MINIMUM 0300.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
H/CNORMAL HEATING DEG. DAYS304943321673200000301804091644
NORMAL COOLING DEG. DAYS308106416132651662061742919142122996
RHNORMAL (PERCENT)3067656366706965656867686867
HOUR 00 LST3074747275807974747877787676
HOUR 06 LST3079807982878787868684828083
HOUR 12 LST3058565457605853525655565756
HOUR 18 LST3055504750555246465252565651
SPERCENT POSSIBLE SUNSHINE5347505756566774746764544860
W/OMEAN NO. DAYS WITH:
HEAVY FOG(VISBY 1/4 MI)605.02.82.41.30.80.10.10.10.21.42.94.321.4
THUNDERSTORMS601.01.62.74.06.64.83.64.34.12.71.70.938.0
CLOUDINESSMEAN:
SUNRISE-SUNSET (OKTAS)15.03.0
MIDNIGHT-MIDNIGHT (OKTAS)
MEAN NO. DAYS WITH:
CLEAR14.05.08.06.012.0
PARTLY CLOUDY11.04.02.011.05.0
CLOUDY11.06.03.02.0
PRMEAN STATION PRESSURE(IN)2929.2829.2429.1429.1129.0729.1129.1629.1529.1529.2029.2329.2729.18
MEAN SEA-LEVEL PRES. (IN)1830.1230.0630.0029.9229.8929.9129.9729.9629.9630.0230.0730.1230.00
WINDSMEAN SPEED (MPH)398.59.09.69.79.69.69.18.28.08.28.38.18.8
PREVAIL. DIR (TENS OF DEGS)2436021414141416161616023616
MAXIMUM 2-MINUTE:
SPEED (MPH)5939323638463839394335323246
DIR. (TENS OF DEGS)29150131280930112531310228
YEAR OF OCCURRENCE199920001996199719971999199620001996200120002000MAY 1997
MAXIMUM 5-SECOND:
SPEED (MPH)5946404751554454457140394371
DIR. (TENS OF DEGS)28263229290829112629293326
YEAR OF OCCURRENCE199919981998199719971999199620001996200120002000SEP 1996
PRECIPITATIONNORMAL (IN)301.711.811.522.504.223.812.162.543.413.172.621.5130.98
MAXIMUM MONTHLY (IN)598.526.436.129.3212.8511.958.2911.1415.7818.078.5813.9618.07
YEAR OF OCCURRENCE196819651992195719871986199019741946199820001991OCT 1998
MINIMUM MONTHLY (IN)59T0.010.030.050.170.01T0.000.05TT0.030.00
YEAR OF OCCURRENCE199619991961199819611967199319521999195219661950AUG 1952
MAXIMUM IN 24 HOURS (IN)593.182.443.594.886.536.306.975.577.2813.354.876.9013.35
YEAR OF OCCURRENCE196819861992197719721986195819501973199819771991OCT 1998
NORMAL NO. DAYS WITH:
PRECIPITATION 0.01307.77.07.17.38.96.44.85.17.26.86.67.182.0
PRECIPITATION 1.00300.40.40.40.81.21.20.70.80.81.10.70.38.8
SNOWFALLNORMAL (IN)300.60.3T0.00.00.00.00.00.00.0T0.*0.9
MAXIMUM MONTHLY (IN)5615.93.5TTTT0.00.00.0T0.30.215.9
YEAR OF OCCURRENCE198519661994199319931989199319571964JAN 1985
MAXIMUM IN 24 HOURS (IN)5613.23.5TTTT0.00.00.0T0.30.213.2
YEAR OF OCCURRENCE198519661994199319931989199319571964JAN 1985
MAXIMUM SNOW DEPTH (IN)509300000000009
YEAR OF OCCURRENCE19851966JAN 1985
NORMAL NO. DAYS WITH:
SNOWFALL 1.0300.10.10.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.2
PRECIPITATION (inches) 2001 SAN ANTONIO, TX (SAT)
YEARJANFEBMARAPRMAYJUNJULAUGSEPOCTNOVDECANNUAL
19721.350.400.131.9411.242.863.134.241.401.992.370.4431.49
19732.772.761.585.412.7310.446.911.2913.094.850.290.1652.28
19741.360.040.942.184.281.021.2811.143.854.095.391.4337.00
19751.043.300.522.696.914.601.061.280.512.250.031.4825.67
19760.560.131.205.675.801.615.392.093.798.482.461.9539.13
19773.100.910.888.801.622.260.100.062.113.476.010.3229.64
19780.681.761.713.622.453.961.434.978.860.554.911.0935.99
19794.071.383.555.341.985.597.382.090.860.111.432.8636.64
19800.720.740.981.676.420.520.262.645.051.093.530.6124.23
19812.060.961.962.216.438.710.252.411.368.610.720.6936.37
19820.721.280.691.236.421.370.140.550.872.844.542.3122.96
19831.481.543.890.184.371.272.432.003.861.643.060.3926.11
19841.870.541.910.113.761.40T3.041.065.942.913.4125.95
19852.681.912.853.272.478.205.800.454.803.915.000.0941.43
19860.762.520.350.606.2911.950.051.862.836.581.837.1142.73
19871.134.781.101.4812.857.691.210.332.240.442.532.1837.96
19880.390.920.861.230.415.505.581.980.830.620.020.6719.01
19892.960.291.242.550.333.960.690.481.545.811.930.3622.14
19901.172.685.174.523.281.188.291.303.703.713.110.2038.31
19915.082.341.064.915.302.282.232.841.420.870.4713.9642.76
19925.646.376.123.038.155.671.282.561.120.923.472.1646.49
19931.313.721.561.8112.476.43T0.010.523.070.660.4432.00
19941.550.645.062.217.011.660.502.545.529.750.713.2840.43
19950.281.191.581.075.364.810.712.034.490.230.820.0922.66
1996T0.700.300.891.262.121.312.863.660.362.791.5617.81
19970.442.442.245.723.917.30T0.621.864.081.763.5533.92
19983.213.372.850.050.340.810.217.781.5718.073.400.3942.05
19990.040.013.480.912.783.371.802.110.051.290.050.5216.41
20001.402.200.911.223.597.610.340.162.655.628.581.5735.85
20012.850.702.772.292.483.390.507.834.052.064.373.4336.72
POR=117 YRS1.661.731.772.833.653.161.962.393.102.752.031.7828.81
AVERAGE TEMPERATURE (F) 2001 SAN ANTONIO, TX (SAT)
YEARJANFEBMARAPRMAYJUNJULAUGSEPOCTNOVDECANNUAL
197252.856.766.373.772.880.382.282.182.071.954.050.368.8
197347.251.966.166.074.779.283.282.179.372.565.852.268.4
197451.056.567.969.777.379.483.081.272.368.257.350.967.9
197553.253.561.468.473.580.080.981.776.071.160.353.167.8
197649.661.263.868.971.379.879.881.677.561.152.149.966.4
197744.152.861.866.974.881.584.984.782.371.261.453.468.3
197843.446.459.668.977.182.786.183.178.569.362.451.767.4
197943.752.463.369.773.980.984.783.178.774.758.255.468.2
198052.653.761.567.676.185.188.185.383.770.758.355.069.8
198150.853.760.772.975.381.584.284.778.971.962.453.069.2
198250.849.763.166.974.581.685.586.080.169.359.452.468.3
198348.952.158.765.273.679.282.984.578.570.962.543.066.7
198446.754.164.269.777.182.885.084.777.671.258.859.669.3
198544.250.564.169.476.780.282.285.579.471.764.449.968.2
198653.458.062.972.674.681.585.885.783.769.759.451.669.9
198750.755.957.866.175.880.583.886.079.271.260.654.268.5
198847.654.361.369.176.181.284.686.480.773.265.156.069.6
198956.251.661.970.481.783.386.686.079.171.361.843.469.4
199056.458.961.569.779.387.583.485.380.069.363.051.970.5
199148.956.664.072.477.782.884.585.877.873.357.455.569.7
199250.859.163.369.073.782.584.782.281.773.457.356.369.5
199351.255.561.567.373.981.686.187.381.570.756.355.169.0
199452.356.263.969.876.084.587.986.178.472.764.857.070.8
199553.557.461.969.878.679.384.385.580.169.859.555.669.6
199651.057.957.669.581.984.187.384.478.471.161.354.569.9
199749.253.163.363.974.079.885.186.182.270.257.450.267.9
199856.455.359.866.779.886.388.183.680.571.462.452.770.3
199954.661.862.771.276.281.982.986.180.369.663.154.070.4
200055.262.667.070.778.681.085.986.381.071.156.946.470.2
200149.257.556.670.876.382.685.485.676.967.962.953.868.8
POR=117 YRS51.655.462.169.375.581.684.084.279.470.960.453.569.0

REFERENCE NOTES:

PAGE 1:

THE TEMPERATURE GRAPH SHOWS NORMAL MAXIMUM AND NORMAL MINIMUM DAILY TEMPERATURES (SOLID CURVES) AND THE ACTUAL DAILY HIGH AND LOW TEMPERATURES (VERTICAL BARS).

PAGE 2 AND 3:

H/C INDICATES HEATING AND COOLING DEGREE DAYS.

RH INDICATES RELATIVE HUMIDITY

W/O INDICATES WEATHER AND OBSTRUCTIONS

S INDICATES SUNSHINE.

PR INDICATES PRESSURE.

CLOUDINESS ON PAGE 3 IS THE SUM OF THE CEILOMETER AND SATELLITE DATA NOT TO EXCEED EIGHT EIGHTHS (OKTAS).

GENERAL:

T INDICATES TRACE PRECIPITATION, AN AMOUNT GREATER THAN ZERO BUT LESS THAN THE LOWEST REPORTABLE VALUE.

+ INDICATES THE VALUE ALSO OCCURS ON EARLIER DATES.

BLANK ENTRIES DENOTE MISSING OR UNREPORTED DATA.

NORMALS ARE 30–YEAR AVERAGES (1961–1990).

ASOS INDICATES AUTOMATED SURFACE OBSERVING SYSTEM.

PM INDICATES THE LAST DAY OF THE PREVIOUS MONTH.

POR (PERIOD OF RECORD) BEGINS WITH THE JANUARY DATA MONTH AND IS THE NUMBER OF YEARS USED TO COMPUTE THE MEAN. INDIVIDUAL MONTHS WITHIN THE POR MAY BE MISSING.

WHEN THE POR FOR A NORMAL IS LESS THAN 30 YEARS, THE NORMAL IS PROVISIONAL AND IS BASED ON THE NUMBER OF YEARS INDICATED.

0.* OR * INDICATES THE VALUE OR MEAN–DAYS–WITH IS BETWEEN 0.00 AND 0.05.

CLOUDINESS FOR ASOS STATIONS DIFFERS FROM THE NON–ASOS OBSERVATION TAKEN BY A HUMAN OBSERVER. ASOS STATION CLOUDINESS IS BASED ON TIME–AVERAGED CEILOMETER DATA FOR CLOUDS AT OR BELOW 12,000 FEET AND ON SATELLITE DATA FOR CLOUDS ABOVE 12,000 FEET.

THE NUMBER OF DAYS WITH CLEAR, PARTLY CLOUDY, AND CLOUDY CONDITIONS FOR ASOS STATIONS IS THE SUM OF THE CEILOMETER AND SATELLITE DATA FOR THE SUNRISE TO SUNSET PERIOD.

GENERAL CONTINUED:

CLEAR INDICATES 0–2 OKTAS, PARTLY CLOUDY INDICATES 3–6 OKTAS, AND CLOUDY INDICATES 7 OR 8 OKTAS. WHEN AT LEAST ONE OF THE ELEMENTS (CEILOMETER OR SATELLITE) IS MISSING, THE DAILY CLOUDINESS IS NOT COMPUTED.

WIND DIRECTION IS RECORDED IN TENS OF DEGREES (2 DIGITS) CLOCKWISE FROM TRUE NORTH. "00" INDICATES CALM. "36" INDICATES TRUE NORTH.

RESULTANT WIND IS THE VECTOR AVERAGE OF THE SPEED AND DIRECTION.

AVERAGE TEMPERATURE IS THE SUM OF THE MEAN DAILY MAXIMUM AND MINIMUM TEMPERATURE DIVIDED BY 2.

SNOWFALL DATA COMPRISE ALL FORMS OF FROZEN PRECIPITATION, INCLUDING HAIL.

A HEATING (COOLING) DEGREE DAY IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE AVERAGE DAILY TEMPERATURE AND 65 F.

DRY BULB IS THE TEMPERATURE OF THE AMBIENT AIR.

DEW POINT IS THE TEMPERATURE TO WHICH THE AIR MUST BE COOLED TO ACHIEVE 100 PERCENT RELATIVE HUMIDITY.

WET BULB IS THE TEMPERATURE THE AIR WOULD HAVE IF THE MOISTURE CONTENT WAS INCREASED TO 100 PERCENT RELATIVE HUMIDITY.

ON JULY 1, 1996, THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE BEGAN USING THE "METAR" OBSERVATION CODE THAT WAS ALREADY EMPLOYED BY MOST OTHER NATIONS OF THE WORLD. THE MOST NOTICEABLE DIFFERENCE IN THIS ANNUAL PUBLICATION WILL BE THE CHANGE IN UNITS FROM TENTHS TO EIGHTS (OKTAS) FOR REPORTING THE AMOUNT OF SKY COVER.

HEATING DEGREE DAYS (base 65 F) 2001 SAN ANTONIO, TX (SAT)
YEARJULAUGSEPOCTNOVDECJANFEBMARAPRMAYJUNTOTAL
1972-73000293344575513622994101857
1973-740004853914372577439001287
1974-750021926043338931615241001612
1975-760012121439447216614311201424
1976-7700016038246164333614432002158
1977-780001913836066752119227401928
1978-790001215241365735610920401723
1979-800001524330638633316342001488
1980-810006224533143733215710001574
1981-820025211236844543017177201659
1982-830004923740449035620899101844
1983-840052015468156331512021201881
1984-850092822820363540610926001644
1985-86001091124673542321068101299
1986-870001420441344325423398001659
1987-88000119433953832317938001612
1988-89000012229129239218755001339
1989-900004216566328319015432001529
1990-9100050142422494240967001451
1991-92005302713064351889131501362
1992-93000026028742126914742001426
1993-9400085287323391273130281001527
1994-95000199926735921518029001168
1995-960091218732443528027763001587
1996-970002716532549833810884001545
1997-980004425144926927021430001527
1998-990002212040432813710932001152
1999-0000056983463001357929001043
2000-010027626957048423425515001905
2001-00038133367
COOLING DEGREE DAYS (base 65 F) 2001 SAN ANTONIO, TX (SAT)
YEARJANFEBMARAPRMAYJUNJULAUGSEPOCTNOVDECANNUAL
197211311052762524655425395152491263003
1973806912931043157053643724211402846
197411221711883874395685062291243452684
19752915115127345750252433721780302652
197636211313620245146752138345002383
19770352983115026206185252183852990
1978373015238453766056741015479112994
19793136516628548261957041832242132998
198011146112735561472563556724551263431
1981324302553245026036194242734133101
198211511714230450464565945919172193128
198300211112764355606114172078482730
19840810116938354162561839423046443159
1985088516536846253964145022310153047
1986245492443045006526465681664043220
1987451713534047158965843419967122931
198861971166352492617671480264131203289
19892423992225245576786564292447503531
199022265317745068157863545919291233387
19910107023440254161265439629549203283
19920234715828153161854250826734243033
1993174511728350366069850326731223137
199483410218335759371565941026197273446
1995799017742943660364446716728403097
1996979572035305787006104112206083465
1997121161602864496286605222122702928
1998113568446764572458247022749323350
199912564522535251256166446720646113157
20007731472074284876546684872703303461
2001130119535753064064236213576262995
SNOWFALL (inches) 2001 SAN ANTONIO, TX (SAT)
YEARJULAUGSEPOCTNOVDECJANFEBMARAPRMAYJUNTOTAL
1972-730.00.00.00.00.0T0.82.10.00.00.00.02.9
1973-740.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
1974-750.00.00.00.00.0TT0.00.00.00.00.0T
1975-760.00.00.00.00.00.0T0.00.00.00.00.0T
1976-770.00.00.00.0TT0.00.00.00.00.00.0T
1977-780.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0T0.00.00.0T
1978-790.00.00.00.00.00.0T0.00.00.00.00.0T
1979-800.00.00.00.0T0.00.0T0.00.00.00.0T
1980-810.00.00.00.0T0.0T0.00.00.00.00.0T
1981-820.00.00.00.00.00.00.50.00.00.00.00.00.5
1982-830.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
1983-840.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
1984-850.00.00.00.00.00.015.9T0.00.00.00.015.9
1985-860.00.00.00.00.00.0T0.00.00.00.00.0T
1986-870.00.00.00.00.00.01.30.00.00.00.00.01.3
1987-880.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.10.00.00.00.00.1
1988-890.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0T0.00.0TT
1989-900.00.00.00.00.0T0.0TTT0.00.0T
1990-910.00.00.00.00.0T0.0T0.0TT0.0T
1991-920.00.00.00.00.00.00.0TT0.00.00.0T
1992-930.00.00.00.0T0.0T0.00.0TT0.0T
1993-940.00.00.0T0.00.0TTT0.00.00.0T
1994-950.00.00.00.00.00.0T0.00.00.00.00.0T
1995-960.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
1996-97
1997-98
1998-99
1999-000.0T0.0T0.00.0
2000-010.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
2001-0.00.00.0T0.00.0
POR=55 YRS0.00.00.0T0.00.00.50.2TTTT0.7

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