2001 South Bend, Indiana (SBN)

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2001 SOUTH BEND, INDIANA (SBN)

South Bend is located on the Saint Joseph River in the northern portion of Saint Joseph County, situated on mostly level to gently rolling terrain and some former marshland. Drainage for the area is through the Saint Joseph River and Kankakee River.

South Bend is under the climatic influence of Lake Michigan with its nearest shore 20 miles to the northwest. The lake has a moderating effect on the temperature. Temperatures of 100 degrees or higher are rare and cold waves are less severe than at many locations at the same latitude. This results in favorable conditions for orchard and vegetable growth.

Based on the 1951–1980 period, the average first occurrence of 32 degrees Fahrenheit in the fall is October 18 and the average last occurrence in the spring is May 1.

Precipitation is fairly evenly distributed throughout the year with the greatest amounts during the growing season. The predominant snow season is from November through March, although there are also generally lighter amounts in October and April.

Winter is marked by considerable cloudiness and rather high humidity along with frequent periods of snow. Heavy snowfalls, resulting from a cold northwest wind passing over Lake Michigan are not uncommon.

NORMALS, MEANS, AND EXTREMES

SPRINGFIELD, IL (SPI)

LATITUDE:     LONGITUDE:     ELEVATION (FT):     TIME ZONE:     WBAN: 93822

41 42′ 26″ N  86 19′59″W  GRND: 777  BARO: 780  CENTRAL (UTC + 5)

ELEMENTPORJANFEBMARAPRMAYJUNJULAUGSEPOCTNOVDECYEAR
TEMPERATURE FNORMAL DAILY MAXIMUM3030.434.145.658.770.079.582.980.774.162.348.535.458.5
MEAN DAILY MAXIMUM5431.135.045.258.670.279.682.981.274.462.948.035.858.7
HIGHEST DAILY MAXIMUM62687485919510410210399928270104
YEAR OF OCCURRENCE195020001981194219421988199919881953196319502001JUN 1988
MEAN OF EXTREME MAXS.5451.054.370.579.386.592.593.892.089.080.568.456.076.2
NORMAL DAILY MINIMUM3016.118.729.138.748.858.663.061.153.742.833.422.340.5
MEAN DAILY MINIMUM5416.619.628.038.448.458.462.861.253.643.233.022.340.5
LOWEST DAILY MINIMUM62-22-17-1311243542402920-7-16-22
YEAR OF OCCURRENCE194319511943197219681972200119651942198819501960JAN 1943
MEAN OF EXTREME MINS.54-6.1-1.510.122.933.543.850.649.038.329.017.21.524.0
NORMAL DRY BULB3023.326.437.448.759.469.172.970.963.952.640.928.949.5
MEAN DRY BULB5423.927.336.548.559.469.072.871.164.053.140.529.149.6
MEAN WET BULB1823.426.633.443.553.562.166.565.257.947.237.327.545.3
MEAN DEW POINT1819.421.627.236.447.357.062.361.953.842.132.723.740.5
NORMAL NO. DAYS WITH:
MAXIMUM 90300.00.00.00.00.63.04.82.90.8*0.00.012.1
MAXIMUM 323017.012.63.90.10.00.00.00.00.00.01.511.146.2
MINIMUM 323028.324.519.98.10.80.00.00.00.03.214.025.6124.4
MINIMUM 0304.62.50.10.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.01.78.9
H/CNORMAL HEATING DEG. DAYS3012931081856489233287228539572311196331
NORMAL COOLING DEG. DAYS30000059151251205521000728
RHNORMAL (PERCENT)3077757166666770737472767972
HOUR 01 LST3079787773757781848379798179
HOUR 07 LST3080818078798084888884828382
HOUR 13 LST3072696356545457595960687662
HOUR 19 LST3075726659565659636768747866
SPERCENT POSSIBLE SUNSHINE
W/OMEAN NO. DAYS WITH:
HEAVY FOG (VISBY 1/4 MI)632.72.32.01.31.41.11.22.11.92.11.93.323.3
THUNDERSTORMS630.40.42.44.45.07.97.16.54.41.91.00.441.8
CLOUDINESSMEAN:
SUNRISE-SUNSET (OKTAS)516.46.26.05.55.04.94.54.54.64.96.16.45.4
MIDNIGHT-MIDNIGHT (OKTAS)326.35.95.75.34.84.64.24.24.44.76.06.45.2
MEAN NO. DAYS WITH:
CLEAR573.43.74.75.86.97.28.28.68.88.73.63.072.6
PARTLY CLOUDY575.95.67.37.69.610.412.712.19.08.06.05.699.8
CLOUDY5721.718.919.116.614.512.410.110.312.214.420.422.5193.1
PRMEAN STATION PRESSURE (IN)2929.2229.2329.1729.1329.1429.1429.1829.2129.2329.2329.2029.2329.19
MEAN SEA-LEVEL PRES. (IN)1830.0830.0930.0529.9629.9829.9629.9930.0430.0530.0730.0630.1030.04
WINDSMEAN SPEED (MPH)4411.611.211.811.610.19.08.17.68.59.511.111.110.1
PREVAIL. DIR (TENS OF DEGS)2723232231212122232321232323
MAXIMUM 2-MINUTE:
SPEED (MPH)533454043443644393656413756
DIR. (TENS OF DEGS)21203324313432312525232925
YEAR OF OCCURRENCE199919991998199719972001199719971997200119981998OCT 2001
MAXIMUM 5-SECOND:
SPEED (MPH)543564854544955514490524990
DIR. (TENS OF DEGS)09203323313432322826243026
YEAR OF OCCURRENCE199919991998199719972001199819971997200119981998OCT 2001
PRECIPITATIONNORMAL (IN)302.231.903.103.823.224.113.823.673.623.083.273.3039.14
MAXIMUM MONTHLY (IN)625.285.237.969.208.0910.867.478.309.019.756.725.5010.86
YEAR OF OCCURRENCE195919761976194719961993198219791977195419851965JUN 1993
MINIMUM MONTHLY (IN)620.440.540.540.500.800.480.020.320.010.421.240.600.01
YEAR OF OCCURRENCE194519691958197119941988194619501979195019981943SEP 1979
MAXIMUM IN 24 HOURS (IN)622.812.642.333.142.994.703.644.883.003.493.953.334.88
YEAR OF OCCURRENCE196019541972194719761968198919951977198819901965AUG 1995
NORMAL NO. DAYS WITH:
PRECIPITATION 0.013016.012.514.513.310.610.410.09.99.611.113.016.6147.5
PRECIPITATION 1.00300.30.20.40.90.41.11.11.00.90.60.50.57.9
SNOWFALLNORMAL (IN)3022.816.09.72.70.*0.00.00.00.01.08.621.081.8
MAXIMUM MONTHLY (IN)6286.135.133.914.00.6TTT1.28.830.344.686.1
YEAR OF OCCURRENCE197819581960198219661992199619961942198919772000JAN 1978
MAXIMUM IN 24 HOURS (IN)6216.714.414.88.70.6TTT1.08.817.513.717.5
YEAR OF OCCURRENCE197819931960198219661992199419891994198919771981NOV 1977
MAXIMUM SNOW DEPTH (IN)534135216000006202341
YEAR OF OCCURRENCE1978197819601982198919771962JAN 1978
NORMAL NO. DAYS WITH:
SNOWFALL 1.0306.65.43.30.90.00.00.00.00.00.32.46.325.2
PRECIPITATION (inches) 2001 SOUTH BEND, IN (SBN)
YEARJANFEBMARAPRMAYJUNJULAUGSEPOCTNOVDECANNUAL
19721.821.393.633.233.012.724.523.857.673.762.904.7843.28
19731.641.023.853.883.614.853.331.292.113.491.454.3034.82
19743.242.202.814.174.824.081.171.704.652.463.213.0037.51
19754.583.262.966.022.085.462.587.551.151.314.733.7245.40
19762.215.237.965.206.676.605.962.443.343.233.232.2154.28
19771.631.277.052.751.925.712.686.039.013.084.273.6549.05
19784.030.862.374.353.353.795.213.803.073.992.794.4342.04
19793.221.514.035.803.034.661.758.300.014.794.883.6645.64
19801.521.513.743.441.655.973.297.845.643.351.473.9143.33
19810.681.920.885.286.796.973.712.303.811.232.231.8137.61
19822.951.174.541.465.513.127.472.842.510.914.523.4040.40
19830.770.792.465.364.832.042.451.282.811.662.603.2330.28
19840.861.452.104.224.023.431.761.474.024.382.734.4234.86
19852.584.323.861.931.502.883.803.821.883.366.722.5139.16
19861.242.462.091.873.425.066.151.904.273.812.901.6736.84
19872.311.321.182.673.503.573.613.343.643.202.114.1234.57
19882.211.983.032.911.400.481.285.634.426.685.722.9138.65
19891.581.052.272.832.723.495.905.653.781.453.551.8336.10
19902.363.662.792.916.864.405.454.603.767.096.695.0455.61
19911.641.792.794.584.010.621.323.682.718.752.751.6736.31
19921.641.732.932.191.171.745.242.078.841.605.543.9938.68
19933.351.202.623.642.3410.861.514.387.764.092.391.5045.64
19942.461.450.802.800.805.104.974.194.683.494.362.5037.60
19952.462.001.844.563.672.366.508.290.893.224.401.8942.08
19961.662.091.243.608.097.206.691.753.303.273.702.9045.49
19972.633.862.021.363.773.161.985.052.862.162.452.1433.44
19983.761.693.623.782.493.982.275.841.542.501.242.0434.75
19993.061.581.187.481.642.602.394.121.251.371.322.6630.65
20002.571.631.813.694.607.752.881.493.222.283.072.2937.28
20010.833.471.113.654.314.252.973.753.657.062.662.2539.96
POR=108 YRS2.281.862.803.463.563.743.403.533.363.012.892.5936.48
AVERAGE TEMPERATURE (F) 2001 SOUTH BEND, IN (SBN)
YEARJANFEBMARAPRMAYJUNJULAUGSEPOCTNOVDECANNUAL
197223.926.533.445.460.063.671.469.462.949.738.128.847.8
197329.930.046.750.156.172.374.474.167.058.344.429.252.7
197427.928.139.651.757.366.875.071.962.053.042.432.950.7
197530.027.834.443.663.270.371.873.660.155.948.132.751.0
197621.635.343.652.557.070.972.869.061.347.933.222.849.0
197712.326.844.155.468.767.176.269.865.350.542.625.950.4
197818.514.831.248.759.569.271.771.968.951.942.929.548.2
197917.916.339.246.258.570.172.371.365.454.242.334.849.0
198027.123.635.549.062.167.876.675.066.350.441.631.150.5
198123.432.140.752.556.669.271.470.662.850.041.527.649.9
198215.622.735.144.766.064.573.368.963.354.042.539.049.1
198329.333.240.245.555.372.078.778.366.553.843.818.451.3
198418.535.930.048.256.172.371.774.463.857.141.034.450.3
198519.623.741.355.263.166.873.169.865.654.641.620.149.5
198625.824.840.451.359.967.774.867.665.953.036.131.249.9
198725.330.840.050.464.772.875.871.764.646.843.732.851.6
198821.322.737.348.462.272.076.475.964.545.942.528.849.8
198933.422.237.047.357.268.073.970.661.852.938.817.748.4
199034.031.340.948.756.768.871.269.965.052.345.931.851.4
199124.232.341.552.667.574.075.773.263.254.936.632.152.3
199229.133.237.446.158.465.170.067.462.351.440.030.949.3
199328.324.435.046.960.767.774.573.658.950.539.429.749.1
199416.322.536.651.057.471.472.967.965.054.044.635.149.6
199525.325.340.346.557.971.374.977.262.254.334.826.049.7
199624.127.832.346.057.368.968.571.162.652.433.829.447.9
199720.629.637.643.752.568.372.267.962.451.636.230.747.8
199831.637.038.649.565.068.372.573.067.453.843.634.652.9
199922.733.033.551.062.771.378.070.164.952.645.931.951.5
200025.535.044.146.761.467.470.070.963.155.737.417.149.5
200124.728.134.153.761.267.372.472.961.852.748.635.151.1
POR=108 YRS24.526.336.548.359.368.973.371.564.653.240.228.749.6

REFERENCE NOTES:

PAGE 1:

THE TEMPERATURE GRAPH SHOWS NORMAL MAXIMUM AND NORMAL MINIMUM DAILY TEMPERATURES (SOLID CURVES) AND THE ACTUAL DAILY HIGH AND LOW TEMPERATURES (VERTICAL BARS).

PAGE 2 AND 3:

H/C INDICATES HEATING AND COOLING DEGREE DAYS.

RH INDICATES RELATIVE HUMIDITY

W/O INDICATES WEATHER AND OBSTRUCTIONS

S INDICATES SUNSHINE.

PR INDICATES PRESSURE.

CLOUDINESS ON PAGE 3 IS THE SUM OF THE CEILOMETER AND SATELLITE DATA NOT TO EXCEED EIGHT EIGHTHS (OKTAS).

GENERAL:

T INDICATES TRACE PRECIPITATION, AN AMOUNT GREATER THAN ZERO BUT LESS THAN THE LOWEST REPORTABLE VALUE.

+ INDICATES THE VALUE ALSO OCCURS ON EARLIER DATES.

BLANK ENTRIES DENOTE MISSING OR UNREPORTED DATA.

NORMALS ARE 30–YEAR AVERAGES (1961–1990).

ASOS INDICATES AUTOMATED SURFACE OBSERVING SYSTEM.

PM INDICATES THE LAST DAY OF THE PREVIOUS MONTH.

POR (PERIOD OF RECORD) BEGINS WITH THE JANUARY DATA MONTH AND IS THE NUMBER OF YEARS USED TO COMPUTE THE MEAN. INDIVIDUAL MONTHS WITHIN THE POR MAY BE MISSING.

WHEN THE POR FOR A NORMAL IS LESS THAN 30 YEARS, THE NORMAL IS PROVISIONAL AND IS BASED ON THE NUMBER OF YEARS INDICATED.

0.* OR * INDICATES THE VALUE OR MEAN–DAYS–WITH IS BETWEEN 0.00 AND 0.05.

CLOUDINESS FOR ASOS STATIONS DIFFERS FROM THE NON–ASOS OBSERVATION TAKEN BY A HUMAN OBSERVER. ASOS STATION CLOUDINESS IS BASED ON TIME–AVERAGED CEILOMETER DATA FOR CLOUDS AT OR BELOW 12,000 FEET AND ON SATELLITE DATA FOR CLOUDS ABOVE 12,000 FEET.

THE NUMBER OF DAYS WITH CLEAR, PARTLY CLOUDY, AND CLOUDY CONDITIONS FOR ASOS STATIONS IS THE SUM OF THE CEILOMETER AND SATELLITE DATA FOR THE SUNRISE TO SUNSET PERIOD.

GENERAL CONTINUED:

CLEAR INDICATES 0–2 OKTAS, PARTLY CLOUDY INDICATES 3–6 OKTAS, AND CLOUDY INDICATES 7 OR 8 OKTAS. WHEN AT LEAST ONE OF THE ELEMENTS (CEILOMETER OR SATELLITE) IS MISSING, THE DAILY CLOUDINESS IS NOT COMPUTED.

WIND DIRECTION IS RECORDED IN TENS OF DEGREES (2 DIGITS) CLOCKWISE FROM TRUE NORTH. "00" INDICATES CALM. "36" INDICATES TRUE NORTH.

RESULTANT WIND IS THE VECTOR AVERAGE OF THE SPEED AND DIRECTION.

AVERAGE TEMPERATURE IS THE SUM OF THE MEAN DAILY MAXIMUM AND MINIMUM TEMPERATURE DIVIDED BY 2.

SNOWFALL DATA COMPRISE ALL FORMS OF FROZEN PRECIPITATION, INCLUDING HAIL.

A HEATING (COOLING) DEGREE DAY IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE AVERAGE DAILY TEMPERATURE AND 65 F.

DRY BULB IS THE TEMPERATURE OF THE AMBIENT AIR.

DEW POINT IS THE TEMPERATURE TO WHICH THE AIR MUST BE COOLED TO ACHIEVE 100 PERCENT RELATIVE HUMIDITY.

WET BULB IS THE TEMPERATURE THE AIR WOULD HAVE IF THE MOISTURE CONTENT WAS INCREASED TO 100 PERCENT RELATIVE HUMIDITY.

ON JULY 1, 1996, THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE BEGAN USING THE "METAR" OBSERVATION CODE THAT WAS ALREADY EMPLOYED BY MOST OTHER NATIONS OF THE WORLD. THE MOST NOTICEABLE DIFFERENCE IN THIS ANNUAL PUBLICATION WILL BE THE CHANGE IN UNITS FROM TENTHS TO EIGHTS (OKTAS) FOR REPORTING THE AMOUNT OF SKY COVER.

HEATING DEGREE DAYS (base 65 F) 2001 SOUTH BEND, IN (SBN)
YEARJULAUGSEPOCTNOVDECJANFEBMARAPRMAYJUNTOTAL
1972-7324351124688011115108097756144626805887
1973-740460229611110211421028780403250515660
1974-750314437867298510771035944634136376045
1975-76131175300503992133885665840725395505
1976-7701913952594913021628106364032785686745
1977-78218584436691206143614011041480233417028
1978-795457399656109514531356795560241226643
1979-803177335367292811721195908482147586008
1980-8101624496941047128291574937427165850
1981-824813246070011541523117892260464726821
1982-832301143536687981100886760581298305620
1983-84609435262814401431838108050329046666
1984-857012824471494014011153727339116475816
1985-8604121319694138112081117760425192466267
1986-873488136985810381224950766436139165928
1987-885257855863899313471220851498158376408
1988-891117258167011169721190865528271406317
1989-900121473817791462954936751521257466246
1990-916141104085651021126091072237810625502
1991-920116731884410121104915850561247756094
1992-93625139417742104911301130925536157556311
1993-9407198450765108715051186875441273286815
1994-950309233660692112241105759548221205862
1995-96701353378961202125810721005566276236777
1996-9722114038492810981368983844631383396821
1997-9812201204378581057102677582445874805741
1998-9900523466329361304893968412134415718
1999-00039237756610201218863646540167595551
2000-0176153291820147612421026951342168876569
2001-220139381489923
COOLING DEGREE DAYS (base 65 F) 2001 SOUTH BEND, IN (SBN)
YEARJANFEBMARAPRMAYJUNJULAUGSEPOCTNOVDECANNUAL
19720000477422618055000582
1973000712262972921262900978
19740001017114321222601100755
1975000086203232274322510853
1976001371319224915036400682
19770004720613735517374020994
1978000070173218227179010868
1979000248181236220932100801
19800009651453673191076001018
198100261513721119172000634
1982000310565266159711700686
19830001324744041714613001267
198400051922822629898700881
19850005264109260159147300794
19860042241135312136113200765
19870003136256345240710301054
1988000377254362357650001118
1989001637137283194551100724
19900093781672031711172100733
19910001318928133826412111001217
19920002509016810366200481
199300002914430228418900786
1994000264522625512498200776
199500009216320382571000994
199600014414713620174000603
199700000146241117482900581
1998009082185238253131800906
199900006723641016696300978
2000004062138171197102900683
2001000115616425925353600802
SNOWFALL (inches) 2001 SOUTH BEND, IN (SBN)
YEARJULAUGSEPOCTNOVDECJANFEBMARAPRMAYJUNTOTAL
1972-730.00.00.01.512.619.75.510.64.71.70.00.056.3
1973-740.00.00.00.01.022.614.411.99.41.20.00.060.5
1974-750.00.00.00.67.919.99.213.917.85.40.00.074.7
1975-760.00.00.00.010.714.031.213.93.80.60.10.074.3
1976-770.00.00.00.821.637.637.213.915.82.30.00.0129.2
1977-780.00.00.00.330.333.686.116.65.1T0.00.0172.0
1978-790.00.00.00.07.526.445.115.96.30.10.00.0101.3
1979-800.00.00.0T7.513.611.522.39.81.70.00.066.4
1980-810.00.00.01.18.824.323.820.76.3T0.00.085.0
1981-820.00.00.00.19.141.341.319.210.214.00.00.0135.2
1982-830.00.00.00.02.12.58.09.612.01.10.00.035.3
1983-840.00.00.00.01.435.616.715.911.10.40.00.081.1
1984-850.00.00.00.00.614.140.028.91.63.10.00.088.3
1985-860.00.00.00.02.240.426.311.33.60.20.00.084.0
1986-870.00.00.00.09.74.831.45.92.01.50.00.055.3
1987-880.00.0TT1.613.111.422.912.1T0.00.061.1
1988-890.00.00.00.37.814.83.116.32.51.7TT46.5
1989-90TT0.08.815.229.41.213.93.41.10.00.073.0
1990-910.00.00.0TT17.515.723.42.4TT0.059.0
1991-920.00.00.0T7.611.719.910.916.70.90.0T67.7
1992-930.00.00.01.27.712.68.132.219.01.40.00.082.2
1993-940.00.00.1T2.211.321.520.00.10.8T0.056.0
1994-95T0.01.00.0T2.417.325.82.80.60.00.049.9
1995-960.00.00.0T6.222.112.27.98.30.9T0.057.6
1996-97TT0.00.015.310.536.410.23.30.4T0.076.1
1997-980.00.00.00.25.618.17.8T20.80.00.0T52.5
1998-99T0.00.00.0T17.137.010.414.2TT0.078.7
1999-000.00.00.00.01.97.437.111.4T1.10.00.058.9
2000-01T0.00.0T10.444.62.95.410.62.7T0.076.6
2001-T0.00.0T0.019.5
POR=61 YRSTT0.00.77.517.819.214.48.71.90.3T70.5

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