2001 Honolulu, Hawaii (HNL)

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2001 HONOLULU, HAWAII (HNL)

Oahu, on which Honolulu is located, is the third largest of the Hawaiian Islands. The Koolau Range, at an average elevation of 2,000 feet parallels the northeastern coast. The Waianae Mountains, somewhat higher in elevation, parallel the west coast. Honolulu Airport, the business and Waikiki districts, and a number of the residential areas of Honolulu lie along the southern coastal plain.

The climate of Hawaii is unusually pleasant for the tropics. Its outstanding features are the persistence of the trade winds, the remarkable variability in rainfall over short distances, the sunniness of the leeward lowlands in contrast to the persistent cloudiness over nearby mountain crests, the equable temperature, and the general infrequency of severe storms.

The prevailing wind throughout the year is the northeasterly trade wind, although its average frequency varies from more than 90 percent during the summer to only 50 percent in January.

Heavy mountain rainfall sustains extensive irrigation of cane fields and the water supply for Honolulu. Oahu is driest along the coast west of the Waianaes where rainfall drops to about 20 inches a year. Daytime showers, usually light, often occur while the sun continues to shine, a phenomenon referred to locally as liquid sunshine.

The moderate temperature range is associated with the small seasonal variation in the energy received from the sun and the tempering effect of the surrounding ocean. Honolulu Airport has recorded as high as the lower 90s and as low as the lower 50s.

Because of the trade winds, even the warmest months are usually comfortable. But when the trades diminish or give way to southerly winds, a situation known locally as kona weather, or kona storms when stormy, the humidity may become oppressively high.

Intense rains of the October to April winter season sometimes cause serious, flash flooding. Thunderstorms are infrequent and usually mild and hail seldom occurs. Infrequently, a small tornado or a waterspout may do some damage. Only a few tropical cyclones have struck Hawaii, although others have come near enough for their outlying winds, waves, clouds, and rain to affect the Islands.

NORMALS, MEANS, AND EXTREMES

HONOLULU, HI (HNL)

LATITUDE:    LONGITUDE:    ELEVATION (FT):    TIME ZONE:    WBAN: 22521

21 19′ 39″ N  157 56′ 35″ W  GRND:  15  BARO:  18  HAWAII  (UTC + 10)

ELEMENTPORJANFEBMARAPRMAYJUNJULAUGSEPOCTNOVDECYEAR
TEMPERATURE FNORMAL DAILY MAXIMUM3080.180.581.682.884.786.587.588.788.586.984.181.284.4
MEAN DAILY MAXIMUM5280.080.081.082.484.286.186.988.087.986.583.781.084.0
HIGHEST DAILY MAXIMUM3288888891939294939594938995
YEAR OF OCCURRENCE199619841998199619881996199519971994198419861995SEP 1994
MEAN OF EXTREME MAXS.5283.983.984.886.087.488.589.490.690.789.787.385.087.3
NORMAL DAILY MINIMUM3065.665.467.268.770.372.273.574.273.572.370.367.070.0
MEAN DAILY MINIMUM5265.765.567.068.770.272.273.474.273.572.370.467.670.1
LOWEST DAILY MINIMUM3253535557606566676661575453
YEAR OF OCCURRENCE199819831976198519891982199019841985199319901962JAN 1998
MEAN OF EXTREME MINS.5258.858.960.863.565.568.169.870.269.267.064.460.264.7
NORMAL DRY BULB3072.973.074.475.877.579.480.581.481.079.677.274.177.2
MEAN DRY BULB5272.872.874.075.577.179.180.281.080.779.377.074.277.0
MEAN WET BULB1766.766.367.067.768.870.471.772.372.672.070.368.269.5
MEAN DEW POINT1762.962.562.663.264.365.767.167.968.768.266.764.665.4
NORMAL NO. DAYS WITH:
MAXIMUM 90300.00.00.00.00.31.44.411.29.64.10.40.031.4
MAXIMUM 32300.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
MINIMUM 32300.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
MINIMUM 0300.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
H/CNORMAL HEATING DEG. DAYS300000000000000
NORMAL COOLING DEG. DAYS302452242913243884324815084804533662824474
RHNORMAL (PERCENT)3073716967666465646668707268
HOUR#x00A0; 02#x00A0; LST3081797675747373727476788076
HOUR#x00A0; 08#x00A0; LST3081787370676667676870747872
HOUR#x00A0; 14#x00A0; LST3062595756545252515256596156
HOUR#x00A0; 20#x00A0; LST3074717070696768686870727470
SPERCENT POSSIBLE SUNSHINE4665687270727476777771646371
W/OMEAN NO. DAYS WITH:
HEAVY FOG (VISBY 1/4 MI)520.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
THUNDERSTORMS520.71.10.80.50.30.10.20.10.50.80.90.76.7
CLOUDINESSMEAN:
SUNRISE-SUNSET (OKTAS)514.34.44.64.94.64.44.24.14.24.54.64.44.4
MIDNIGHT-MIDNIGHT (OKTAS)334.14.14.34.54.34.24.23.93.94.14.54.34.2
MEAN NO. DAYS WITH:
CLEAR489.58.17.45.96.76.57.48.07.97.57.27.990.0
PARTLY CLOUDY4812.912.514.114.615.617.418.016.915.914.813.413.7179.8
CLOUDY498.57.69.39.68.76.25.15.75.78.18.88.792.0
PRMEAN STATION PRESSURE (IN)2829.9829.9930.0430.0330.0330.0230.0029.9829.9929.9629.9729.9830.00
MEAN SEA-LEVEL PRES. (IN)1730.0030.0130.0630.0630.0430.0230.0130.0029.9929.9729.9930.0130.01
WINDSMEAN SPEED (MPH)529.410.111.311.711.612.613.413.011.410.710.910.611.4
PREVAIL. DIR (TENS OF DEGS)506060606060606060606060606
MAXIMUM 2-MINUTE:
SPEED (MPH)332333135263030312629303535
DIR. (TENS OF DEGS)06060605060706070606070707
YEAR OF OCCURRENCE200019991999200020001999199920011999200120002001DEC 2001
MAXIMUM 5-SECOND:
SPEED (MPH)338433844353736373337374044
DIR. (TENS OF DEGS)05070607080708070507060807
YEAR OF OCCURRENCE200019991999200020001999200120012001200120002001APR 2000
PRECIPITATIONNORMAL (IN)303.552.212.201.541.130.500.590.440.782.283.003.8022.02
MAXIMUM MONTHLY (IN)5514.7413.6820.798.927.232.462.333.082.7411.1518.7917.2920.79
YEAR OF OCCURRENCE194919551951196319651971198919591947197819961987MAR 1951
MINIMUM MONTHLY (IN)550.180.060.010.010.03T0.03T0.050.070.030.06T
YEAR OF OCCURRENCE198619831957196020001959195019741977199619621976AUG 1974
MAXIMUM IN 24 HOURS (IN)526.726.8817.074.213.442.282.202.351.407.579.158.2517.07
YEAR OF OCCURRENCE196319551958197219651967198919591963197819541987MAR 1958
NORMAL NO. DAYS WITH:
PRECIPITATION 0.01309.78.69.29.57.95.87.46.17.48.89.810.5100.7
PRECIPITATION 1.00300.90.60.80.20.30.1*0.10.10.60.91.05.6
SNOWFALLNORMAL (IN)300.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
MAXIMUM MONTHLY (IN)20.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
YEAR OF OCCURRENCE
MAXIMUM IN 24 HOURS (IN)520.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
YEAR OF OCCURRENCE
MAXIMUM SNOW DEPTH (IN)480000000000000
YEAR OF OCCURRENCE
NORMAL NO. DAYS WITH:
SNOWFALL 1.0300.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
PRECIPITATION (inches) 2001 HONOLULU, HI (HNL)
YEARJANFEBMARAPRMAYJUNJULAUGSEPOCTNOVDECANNUAL
19725.285.002.455.150.120.790.200.460.922.390.593.5926.94
19730.670.600.400.720.890.090.460.320.641.783.733.9414.24
19744.211.283.494.130.821.520.44T2.082.772.690.5924.02
19756.422.362.020.510.190.030.400.030.110.1811.540.6024.39
19761.296.082.670.710.260.180.240.170.330.450.460.0612.90
19770.520.322.361.814.760.110.140.080.050.150.611.4512.36
19780.340.751.372.073.391.060.200.830.2811.151.552.0625.05
19794.577.210.770.550.210.320.130.150.470.530.521.5016.93
19808.912.263.041.130.781.760.370.360.410.300.217.3726.90
19810.810.970.711.010.940.140.420.700.391.841.014.4713.41
198212.822.163.731.280.130.350.201.980.527.241.323.1934.92
19830.320.060.530.420.350.260.220.291.160.230.131.065.03
19840.210.601.082.410.160.080.230.041.361.893.585.4417.08
19851.463.871.260.201.110.130.530.161.285.082.110.1917.38
19860.181.380.170.350.810.361.540.902.001.234.230.7813.93
19870.420.860.310.650.730.460.330.221.130.200.9317.2923.53
19883.051.310.670.501.250.040.120.340.860.231.396.7116.47
19892.076.482.581.230.290.112.330.080.1510.370.511.3227.52
19904.324.150.860.300.300.080.490.010.980.472.964.9219.84
19910.802.096.241.000.480.260.160.160.563.431.521.2417.94
19920.431.350.720.111.130.102.010.972.082.571.046.4919.00
19930.700.410.020.230.190.110.691.030.101.630.460.275.84
19940.787.043.770.460.090.230.480.140.391.560.200.4515.59
19950.546.531.331.150.450.050.190.440.330.360.921.3113.60
19963.521.002.680.340.131.010.742.170.780.0718.791.8933.12
19976.920.954.901.020.630.400.520.130.672.570.840.4419.99
19980.770.210.030.540.160.290.190.150.050.130.851.154.52
19992.120.730.460.682.130.110.570.120.202.010.212.6511.99
20001.260.070.380.460.030.030.411.170.780.252.090.177.10
20010.180.570.620.290.141.160.130.050.281.053.910.769.14
POR=55 YRS3.512.462.551.230.900.400.490.520.691.812.723.1720.45
AVERAGE TEMPERATURE (F) 2001 HONOLULU, HI (HNL)
YEARJANFEBMARAPRMAYJUNJULAUGSEPOCTNOVDECANNUAL
197270.470.672.875.077.378.980.481.180.579.376.771.676.2
197372.972.676.175.577.179.280.581.281.079.477.073.877.2
197474.574.474.077.478.279.379.981.280.079.575.775.877.5
197572.472.873.074.575.778.179.080.179.479.177.173.076.2
197673.772.073.675.177.578.279.880.880.779.175.375.376.8
197773.775.676.276.377.679.580.982.281.681.178.675.178.2
197874.273.275.776.878.278.779.080.580.577.874.772.476.8
197969.972.172.874.878.080.080.980.481.181.077.475.377.0
198071.972.475.076.178.379.580.981.081.680.178.074.477.4
198173.273.674.775.977.380.679.780.180.778.376.774.077.1
198273.271.774.075.478.379.680.681.481.479.475.772.076.9
198371.971.373.574.675.778.979.782.482.381.180.175.177.2
198474.674.675.877.078.779.381.081.781.380.279.074.178.1
198571.473.974.574.576.579.281.681.981.179.875.173.376.9
198672.872.676.577.578.380.081.682.982.180.679.275.178.3
198773.471.274.076.075.780.482.182.782.981.478.875.877.9
198873.174.776.077.378.980.881.882.182.180.179.975.678.5
198974.573.675.374.578.480.981.681.481.978.676.772.977.5
199074.771.573.176.678.180.080.882.382.380.977.374.177.6
199172.473.472.975.977.879.481.282.481.580.079.576.277.7
199272.973.274.975.677.881.381.582.281.379.477.076.777.8
199370.971.174.077.477.280.280.681.381.179.776.375.077.1
199472.073.673.276.079.380.982.984.384.082.580.876.678.8
199574.273.475.676.478.681.383.383.483.282.780.279.179.3
199676.274.074.379.979.081.382.182.881.481.776.973.178.6
199772.374.775.376.376.281.181.582.682.780.676.474.077.8
199872.572.875.175.176.678.379.781.181.079.877.874.877.1
199973.373.774.675.477.178.879.380.880.278.376.974.176.9
200072.573.675.475.378.380.581.181.480.580.477.674.777.6
200175.474.175.076.678.279.781.582.282.179.977.476.478.2
POR=49 YRS72.772.773.875.376.979.080.080.780.679.276.774.276.8

REFERENCE NOTES:

PAGE 1:

THE TEMPERATURE GRAPH SHOWS NORMAL MAXIMUM AND NORMAL MINIMUM DAILY TEMPERATURES (SOLID CURVES) AND THE ACTUAL DAILY HIGH AND LOW TEMPERATURES (VERTICAL BARS).

PAGE 2 AND 3:

H/C INDICATES HEATING AND COOLING DEGREE DAYS.

RH INDICATES RELATIVE HUMIDITY

W/O INDICATES WEATHER AND OBSTRUCTIONS

S INDICATES SUNSHINE.

PR INDICATES PRESSURE.

CLOUDINESS ON PAGE 3 IS THE SUM OF THE CEILOMETER AND SATELLITE DATA NOT TO EXCEED EIGHT EIGHTHS (OKTAS).

GENERAL:

T INDICATES TRACE PRECIPITATION, AN AMOUNT GREATER THAN ZERO BUT LESS THAN THE LOWEST REPORTABLE VALUE.

+ INDICATES THE VALUE ALSO OCCURS ON EARLIER DATES.

BLANK ENTRIES DENOTE MISSING OR UNREPORTED DATA.

NORMALS ARE 30–YEAR AVERAGES (1961–1990).

ASOS INDICATES AUTOMATED SURFACE OBSERVING SYSTEM.

PM INDICATES THE LAST DAY OF THE PREVIOUS MONTH.

POR (PERIOD OF RECORD) BEGINS WITH THE JANUARY DATA MONTH AND IS THE NUMBER OF YEARS USED TO COMPUTE THE MEAN. INDIVIDUAL MONTHS WITHIN THE POR MAY BE MISSING.

WHEN THE POR FOR A NORMAL IS LESS THAN 30 YEARS, THE NORMAL IS PROVISIONAL AND IS BASED ON THE NUMBER OF YEARS INDICATED.

0.* OR * INDICATES THE VALUE OR MEAN–DAYS–WITH IS BETWEEN 0.00 AND 0.05.

CLOUDINESS FOR ASOS STATIONS DIFFERS FROM THE NON–ASOS OBSERVATION TAKEN BY A HUMAN OBSERVER. ASOS STATION CLOUDINESS IS BASED ON TIME–AVERAGED CEILOMETER DATA FOR CLOUDS AT OR BELOW 12,000 FEET AND ON SATELLITE DATA FOR CLOUDS ABOVE 12,000 FEET.

THE NUMBER OF DAYS WITH CLEAR, PARTLY CLOUDY, AND CLOUDY CONDITIONS FOR ASOS STATIONS IS THE SUM OF THE CEILOMETER AND SATELLITE DATA FOR THE SUNRISE TO SUNSET PERIOD.

GENERAL CONTINUED:

CLEAR INDICATES 0–2 OKTAS, PARTLY CLOUDY INDICATES 3–6 OKTAS, AND CLOUDY INDICATES 7 OR 8 OKTAS. WHEN AT LEAST ONE OF THE ELEMENTS (CEILOMETER OR SATELLITE) IS MISSING, THE DAILY CLOUDINESS IS NOT COMPUTED.

WIND DIRECTION IS RECORDED IN TENS OF DEGREES (2 DIGITS) CLOCKWISE FROM TRUE NORTH. "00" INDICATES CALM. "36" INDICATES TRUE NORTH.

RESULTANT WIND IS THE VECTOR AVERAGE OF THE SPEED AND DIRECTION.

AVERAGE TEMPERATURE IS THE SUM OF THE MEAN DAILY MAXIMUM AND MINIMUM TEMPERATURE DIVIDED BY 2.

SNOWFALL DATA COMPRISE ALL FORMS OF FROZEN PRECIPITATION, INCLUDING HAIL.

A HEATING (COOLING) DEGREE DAY IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE AVERAGE DAILY TEMPERATURE AND 65 F.

DRY BULB IS THE TEMPERATURE OF THE AMBIENT AIR.

DEW POINT IS THE TEMPERATURE TO WHICH THE AIR MUST BE COOLED TO ACHIEVE 100 PERCENT RELATIVE HUMIDITY.

WET BULB IS THE TEMPERATURE THE AIR WOULD HAVE IF THE MOISTURE CONTENT WAS INCREASED TO 100 PERCENT RELATIVE HUMIDITY.

ON JULY 1, 1996, THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE BEGAN USING THE "METAR" OBSERVATION CODE THAT WAS ALREADY EMPLOYED BY MOST OTHER NATIONS OF THE WORLD. THE MOST NOTICEABLE DIFFERENCE IN THIS ANNUAL PUBLICATION WILL BE THE CHANGE IN UNITS FROM TENTHS TO EIGHTS (OKTAS) FOR REPORTING THE AMOUNT OF SKY COVER.

HEATING DEGREE DAYS (base 65 F) 2001 HONOLULU, HI (HNL)
YEARJULAUGSEPOCTNOVDECJANFEBMARAPRMAYJUNTOTAL
1983-840000000000000
1984-850000000000000
1985-860000000000000
1986-870000000000000
1987-880000000000000
1988-890000000000000
1989-900000000000000
1990-910000000000000
1991-920000000000000
1992-930000000000000
1993-940000000000000
1994-950000000000000
1995-960000000000000
1996-970000000000000
1996-97000000
1997-980000000000000
1998-99000000000
1999-000000000000000
2000-010000000000000
2001-00000
COOLING DEGREE DAYS (base 65 F) 2001 HONOLULU, HI (HNL)
YEARJANFEBMARAPRMAYJUNJULAUGSEPOCTNOVDECANNUAL
19721781702493073864254845064704503572094191
19732522193533223824324855124844553672794542
19743002702853784154344685094584573283414643
19752352242562923374004384754384423722574166
19762782092753113934024644984794463153254395
19772763053553443964414985415055074173204905
19782922383363614174184394894734012982394401
19791592092502994124585004854895043783264469
19802222203173404184425015045034763952954633
19812632493113353854744634774774193552844492
19822611952883184214424935144994523262254434
19832231822702953354254615445255084613184547
19843042853403664324385015274944754252914878
19852052563002933644375215324914643102644437
19862512173663844214575195615214914333184939
19872671782853373374655375565445164183424782
19882602893463734374825275375204784553365040
19893012443252914254825215175124313582524659
19903061892583544124564985435255013772894708
19912362432503334044425085475014744433534734
19922512443163274044955185404954523693684779
19931901802853813874634915154914653453144507
19942272482623374514865646065755474813675151
19952942393343514284985725785555544644425309
19963542662974534414945385605025253652575052
19972312793263463554895215535374923502884767
19982382273223093684074635064894643903104493
19992672483053173834174525004604213612894420
20002412563313184194705085174764823823074707
20013322623193564154515155415224673753574912
SNOWFALL (inches) 2001 HONOLULU, HI (HNL)
YEARJULAUGSEPOCTNOVDECJANFEBMARAPRMAYJUNTOTAL
1972-730.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
1973-740.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
1974-750.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
1975-760.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
1976-770.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
1977-780.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
1978-790.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
1979-800.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
1980-810.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
1981-820.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
1982-830.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
1983-840.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
1984-850.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
1985-860.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
1986-870.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
1987-880.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
1988-890.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
1989-900.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
1990-910.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
1991-920.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
1992-930.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
1993-940.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
1994-950.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
1995-960.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
1996-970.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
1997-980.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
1998-99
1999-00
2000-01
2001-
POR=50 YRS0.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0

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