Massachusetts

views updated Jun 08 2018

An industrial center and state center for biotechnology and related research, Worcester is the second largest city in all of New England. Good transportation facilities make area easily accessible. Located 38 miles west of Boston, city has several religious groups of all denominations, as well as significant libraries, museums, parks, theatre, and music facilities and municipal recreation opportunities and the Centrum (seating 13,000) houses concerts, sport events, and exhibits. Many students take advantage of the city's offerings through paid and unpaid internships with area corporations and institutions.

■ COLLEGE OF THE HOLY CROSS E-9

1 College St.
Worcester, MA 01610-2395
Tel: (508)793-2011
Free: 800-442-2421
Admissions: (508)793-2443
Fax: (508)793-3888
E-mail: admissions@holycross.edu
Web Site: http://www.holycross.edu/

Description:

Independent Roman Catholic (Jesuit), 4-year, coed. Awards bachelor's degrees. Founded 1843. Setting: 174-acre suburban campus with easy access to Boston. Endowment: $465.3 million. Research spending for 2004 fiscal year: $2.1 million. Educational spending for 2005 fiscal year: $13,777 per student. Total enrollment: 2,816. Student-undergrad faculty ratio is 11:1. 4,744 applied, 48% were admitted. 66% from top 10% of their high school class, 93% from top quarter, 100% from top half. 3 National Merit Scholars, 19 valedictorians. Full-time: 2,788 students, 55% women, 45% men. Part-time: 28 students, 86% women, 14% men. Students come from 51 states and territories, 18 other countries, 63% from out-of-state, 0.4% Native American, 6% Hispanic, 4% black, 5% Asian American or Pacific Islander, 1% international, 0% 25 or older, 88% live on campus, 1% transferred in. Retention: 97% of full-time freshmen returned the following year. Academic areas with the most degrees conferred: social sciences; English; history. Core. Calendar: semesters. Advanced placement, accelerated degree program, self-designed majors, honors program, independent study, double major, internships. Off campus study at Colleges of Worcester Consortium of Higher Education. Study abroad program. ROTC: Army (c), Naval, Air Force (c).

Collegiate Environment:

Orientation program. Drama-theater group, choral group. Social organizations: 25 open to all; 6% of eligible men and 94% of eligible women are members. Most popular organizations: Student Government Association, Campus Activities Board, AHANA Club, residence hall councils, class councils. Major annual events: Fall Fest Weekend, Semi-Formal Banquet, Spring Weekend. Student services: health clinic, personal-psychological counseling, women's center. Campus security: 24-hour patrols, late night transport-escort service, controlled dormitory access, self-defense education. 475 college housing spaces available; 371 were occupied in 2003-04. Freshmen guaranteed college housing. Options: coed, women-only housing available. Wheelock College Library with 93,534 books, 587,044 microform titles, 536 serials, 5,058 audiovisual materials, an OPAC, and a Web page. Operations spending for 2004 fiscal year: $623,000. 120 computers available on campus for general student use. A campuswide network can be accessed from student residence rooms and from off campus. Staffed computer lab on campus.

Community Environment:

See Boston University.

■ WILLIAMS COLLEGE B-2

PO Box 687
Williamstown, MA 01267
Tel: (413)597-3131
Admissions: (413)597-2211
Fax: (413)597-4018
E-mail: admission@williams.edu
Web Site: http://www.williams.edu/

Description:

Independent, comprehensive, coed. Awards bachelor's and master's degrees. Founded 1793. Setting: 450-acre small town campus with easy access to Albany. Endowment: $1.3 billion. Educational spending for 2005 fiscal year: $22,702 per student. Total enrollment: 2,070. Faculty: 312 (257 full-time, 55 part-time). Student-undergrad faculty ratio is 7:1. 5,822 applied, 19% were admitted. 85% from top 10% of their high school class, 97% from top quarter, 100% from top half. Full-time: 1,984 students, 51% women, 49% men. Part-time: 33 students, 61% women, 39% men. Students come from 45 states and territories, 63 other countries, 87% from out-of-state, 0.3% Native American, 9% Hispanic, 9% black, 9% Asian American or Pacific Islander, 6% international, 0% 25 or older, 93% live on campus, 0.2% transferred in. Retention: 97% of full-time freshmen returned the following year. Academic areas with the most degrees conferred: social sciences; visual and performing arts; English; psychology. Core. Calendar: 4-1-4. Services for LD students, advanced placement, accelerated degree program, self-designed majors, honors program, independent study, double major, internships, graduate courses open to undergrads. Off campus study at members of the Twelve College Exchange Program, Bennington College, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, California Institute of Technology, Dartmouth College, Massachusetts College of Liberal Arts, Columbia University. Study abroad program.

Options: electronic application, early admission, deferred admission. Required: high school transcript, minimum 2.0 high school GPA. Required for some: SAT or ACT. Entrance: moderately difficult. Application deadline: 6/1. Notification: continuous.

Costs Per Year:

Application fee: $20. State resident tuition: $970 full-time, $40.42 per credit part-time. Nonresident tuition: $7050 full-time, $293.75 per credit part-time. Mandatory fees: $4109 full-time, $167.04 per credit part-time. Full-time tuition and fees vary according to class time, course load, and reciprocity agreements. Part-time tuition and fees vary according to class time, course load, and reciprocity agreements. College room and board: $7420. College room only: $4730. Room and board charges vary according to board plan and housing facility.

Collegiate Environment:

Drama-theater group, choral group, student-run newspaper, radio station. Social organizations: 14 open to all. Most popular organizations: Senate, SEC (Student Events Committee), TWA (Third World Alliance), WSCW (Radio Station), Dance Company/Club. Major annual events: Multicultural Festival, Homecoming, SGA Auction to Benefit the Homeless. Student services: personal-psychological counseling, women's center. Campus security: 24-hour emergency response devices and patrols, late night transport-escort service, controlled dormitory access, well-lit campus, limited access to campus at night. College housing designed to accommodate 693 students; 961 undergraduates lived in college housing during 2003-04. Options: men-only, women-only housing available. Learning Resources Center with 150,419 books, 15,602 microform titles, 1,021 serials, 12,127 audiovisual materials, an OPAC, and a Web page. Operations spending for 2004 fiscal year: $762,356. 102 computers available on campus for general student use. Computer purchase/lease plans available. A campuswide network can be accessed from student residence rooms. Staffed computer lab on campus.

Community Environment:

The Worcester State College location has the advantages of a suburban setting in the west side of Worcester, while less than two miles from downtown Worcester. A shuttle service provides free student transportation to the other nine college in the Colleges of Worcester Consortium and to City Hall, the Worcester Public Library, and several cultural centers. Worcester, the"Heart of New England," is about 40 miles from Boston, 45 miles from Providence, Rhode Island and 60 miles from Hartford, Connecticut. More than 700,000 people live within an hour's drive. The Worcester Centrum and Convention Center, with a seating capacity of 15,500, hosts a variety of sports and entertainment events. Lakes, rivers, city parks and beaches make fishing and boating, and a variety of activities, available. Hiking and skiing are available in nearby Mt. Wachusett.

College Blue Book

Massachusetts

views updated May 23 2018

Massachusetts

Commonwealth of Massachusetts

ORIGIN OF STATE NAME: Derived from the name of the Massachusett Native American tribe that lived on Massachusetts Bay; the name is thought to mean "at or about the Great Hill."

NICKNAME: The Bay State.

CAPITAL: Boston.

ENTERED UNION: 6 February 1788 (6th).

SONG: "All Hail to Massachusetts;" "Massachusetts" (folksong).

MOTTO: Ense petit placidam sub libertate quietem (By the sword we seek peace, but peace only under liberty).

COAT OF ARMS: On a blue shield, a Native American depicted in gold holds in his right hand a bow, in his left an arrow pointing downward. Above the bow is a five-pointed silver star. The crest shows a bent right arm holding a broadsword. Around the shield beneath the crest is a banner with the state motto in green.

FLAG: The coat of arms on a white field.

OFFICIAL SEAL: Same as the coat of arms, with the inscription Sigillum Reipublicœ Massachusettensis (Seal of the Republic of Massachusetts).

BIRD: Chickadee.

FISH: Cod.

FLOWER: Mayflower (ground laurel).

TREE: American elm.

GEM: Rhodonite.

LEGAL HOLIDAYS: New Year's Day, 1 January; Birthday of Martin Luther King Jr., 3rd Monday in January; Washington's Birthday, 3rd Monday in February; Patriots' Day, 3rd Monday in April; Memorial Day, last Monday in May; Independence Day, 4 July; Labor Day, 1st Monday in September; Columbus Day, 2nd Monday in October; Veterans Day, 11 November; Thanksgiving Day, appointed by the governor, customarily the 4th Thursday in November; Christmas Day, 25 December. Legal holidays in Suffolk County include Evacuation Day, 17 March; and Bunker Hill Day, 17 June.

TIME: 7 AM EST = noon GMT.

LOCATION, SIZE, AND EXTENT

Located in the northeastern United States, Massachusetts is the fourth-largest of the six New England states and ranks 45th in size among the 50 states.

The total area of Massachusetts is 8,284 sq mi (21,456 sq km), of which land comprises 7,824 sq mi (20,265 sq km) and inland water occupies 460 sq mi (1,191 sq km). Massachusetts extends about 190 mi (306 k) e-w; the maximum n-s extension is about 110 mi (177 km). Massachusetts is bordered on the n by Vermont and New Hampshire; on the e by the Atlantic Ocean; on the s by the Atlantic Ocean and by Rhode Island and Connecticut; and on the w by New York.

Two important islands lie south of the state's fishhook-shaped Cape Cod peninsula: Martha's Vineyard (108 sq mi or 280 sq km) and Nantucket (57 sq mi or 148 sq km). The Elizabeth Islands, sw of Cape Cod and nw of Martha's Vineyard, consist of 16 small islands separating Buzzards Bay from Vineyard Sound. The total boundary length of Massachusetts is 515 mi (829 km), including a general coastline of 192 mi (309 km); the tidal shoreline, encompassing numerous inlets and islands, is 1,519 mi (2,444 km). The state's geographic center is located in Worcester County, in the northern section of the city of Worcester.

TOPOGRAPHY

Massachusetts is divided into four topographical regions: coastal lowlands, interior lowlands, dissected uplands, and residuals of ancient mountains. The coastal lowlands, located on the state's eastern edge, extend from the Atlantic Ocean 30-50 mi (48-80 km) inland and include Cape Cod and the offshore islands. The northern shoreline of the state is characterized by rugged high slopes, but at the southern end, along Cape Cod, the ground is flatter and covered with grassy heaths.

The Connecticut River Valley, characterized by red sandstone, curved ridges, meadows, and good soil, is the main feature of west-central Massachusetts. The Berkshire Valley to the west is filled with streams in its northern end, including the two streams that join below Pittsfield to form the Housatonic River.

East of the Connecticut River Valley are the eastern uplands, an extension of the White Mountains of New Hampshire. From elevations of 1,100 ft (335 m) in midstate, this ridge of heavily forested hills slopes down gradually toward the rocky northern coast.

In western Massachusetts, the Taconic Range and Berkshire Hills (which extend southward from the Green Mountains of Vermont) are characterized by numerous hills and valleys. Mt. Greylock, close to the New York border, is the highest point in the state, at 3,487 ft (1,064 m). Northeast of the Berkshires is the Hoosac Range, an area of plateau land. Its high point is Spruce Hill, at 1,974 ft (602 m). The mean elevation of the state is approximately 500 ft (153 m). The lowest point is at sea level on the Atlantic Ocean.

There are more than 4,230 mi (6,808 km) of rivers in the state. The Connecticut River, the longest, runs southward through west-central Massachusetts; the Deerfield, Westfield, Chicopee, and Millers rivers flow into it. Other rivers of note include the Charles and the Mystic, which flow into Boston harbor; the Taunton, which empties into Mount Hope Bay at Fall River; the Blackstone, passing through Worcester on its way to Rhode Island; the Housatonic, winding through the Berkshires; and the Merrimack, flowing from New Hampshire to the Atlantic Ocean via the state's northeast corner. Over 1,100 lakes dot the state; the largest, the artificial Quabbin Reservoir in central Massachusetts, covers 24,704 acres (9,997 hectares). The largest natural lake is Assawompset Pond in southern Massachusetts, occupying 2,656 acres (1,075 hectares).

Hilly Martha's Vineyard is roughly triangular in shape, as is Nantucket Island to the east. The Elizabeth Islands are characterized by broad, grassy plains.

Millions of years ago, three mountainous masses of granite rock extended northeastward across the state. The creation of the Appalachian Mountains transformed limestone into marble, mud, and gravel into slate and schist, and sandstone into quartzite. The new surfaces were worn down several times. Then, during the last Ice Age, retreating glaciers left behind the shape of Cape Cod as well as a layer of soil, rock, and boulders.

CLIMATE

Although Massachusetts is a relatively small state, there are significant climatic differences between its eastern and western sections. The entire state has cold winters and moderately warm summers, but the Berkshires in the west have both the coldest winters and the coolest summers. The normal January temperature in Pittsfield in the Berkshires is 21°f (−5°c), while the normal July temperature is 67°f (19°c). The interior lowlands are several degrees warmer in both winter and summer; the normal July temperature is 71°f (22°c). The coastal sections are the warmest areas of the state; the normal January temperature for Boston is 30°f (−1°c), and the normal July temperature is 74°f (23°c). The record high temperature in the state is 107°f (42°c), established at Chester and New Bedford on 2 August 1975; the record low is −35°f (−37°c), registered at Chester on 12 January 1981.

Precipitation ranges from 39 to 46 in (99 to 117 cm) annually, with an average for Boston of 42.9 in (108 cm). The average snowfall for Boston is 40.9 in (103 cm), with the range in the Berkshires considerably higher. Boston's average wind speed is 13 mph (21 km/hr).

FLORA AND FAUNA

Maple, birch, beech, oak, pine, hemlock, and larch cover the Massachusetts uplands. Common shrubs include rhodora, mountain laurel, and shadbush. Various ferns, maidenhair and osmund among them, grow throughout the state. Typical wildflowers include the Maryland meadow beauty and false loosestrife, as well as several varieties of orchid, lily, goldenrod, and aster. In April 2006, the US Fish and Wildlife Service listed the northeastern bulrush, sandplain gerardia, and small whorled pogonia as threatened and endangered plant species within the state.

As many as 76 species of mammals, 74 of them native species, have been counted in Massachusetts. Common native mammals include the white-tailed deer, bobcat, river otter, striped skunk, mink, ermine, fisher, raccoon, black bear, gray fox, muskrat, porcupine, beaver, red and gray squirrels, snowshoe hare, little brown bat, and masked shrew. Among the Bay State's 336 resident bird species are the mallard, ruffed grouse, bobwhite quail, ring-necked pheasant, herring gull, great horned and screech owls, downy woodpecker, blue jay, mockingbird, cardinal, and song sparrow. Native inland fish include brook trout, chain pickerel, brown bullhead, and yellow perch; brown trout, carp, and smallmouth and largemouth bass have been introduced. Native amphibians include the Jefferson salamander, red-spotted newt, eastern American toad, gray tree frog, and bullfrog. Common reptiles are the snapping turtle, stinkpot, spotted turtle, northern water snake, and northern black racer. The venomous timber rattlesnake and northern copperhead are found mainly in Norfolk, Hampshire, and Hampden counties. The Cape Cod coasts are rich in a variety of shellfish, including clams, mussels, shrimps, and oysters. Twenty Massachusetts animal species (vertebrates and invertebrates) were classified as threatened or endangered in 2006. Among them were the American burying beetle, the bald eagle, puma, short-nose sturgeon, five species of whale, and four species of turtle.

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

All environmentally related programs are administered by the Executive Office of Environmental Affairs (EOEA) and its five agencies: the Department of Environmental Management (DEM); the Department of Environmental Protection (DEP); the Department of Fisheries, Wildlife and Environmental Law Enforcement (DFWELE); the Department of Food and Agriculture (DFA); and the Metropolitan District Commission (MDC).

EOEA agencies protect the state's more than 3,100 lakes and ponds covering about 150,000 acres (61,000 hectares); some 2,000 rivers and streams flowing 10,700 mi (17,200 km); 810,000 acres (about 328,000 hectares) of medium- and high-yield aquifers underlying about a sixth of the state; over a half-million acres (about 200,000 hectares) of wetlands covering about a 12% of the state; and 1,500 mi (2,400 km) of coastal capes, coves, and estuaries.

With disposal of treated sewage sludge in Boston Harbor halted in 1991 and with improved sewage treatment, the harbor as of 2005 was markedly cleaner. In 1988, 10% of the flounder caught in Boston Harbor had liver tumors caused by toxic chemicals; as of 1993, no flounder tested had tumors. In 1994, the state opened a new primary water treatment plant, and in 1996, a second new treatment facility also began operation.

Between 1978 and 1985, Massachusetts averaged 24 air pollution (i.e., ozone) violation days per year; between 1985 and 1993, the average dropped to 14. Since 1990, the state has averaged 7 violation days per year. With the adoption of Massachusetts acid rain legislation in 1985, sulfur dioxide output from Massachusetts sources has been cut by 17%. Additional decreases, particularly from out-of-state power plants, are expected to further cut sulfur dioxide emissions in half by 2000. In response to the Massachusetts Toxic Use Reduction Program and certain federal requirements, toxic air emissions were reduced by about a third between 1989 and 1996. In 2003, 9 million lb of toxic chemicals were released in the state.

The state's solid waste recycling and composting rate stood at 28% in 1994; its goal for 2000 was 46%. In the mid-1990s, 341 of the state's 351 communities had some type of recycling program, and about 49% of solid waste was incinerated. In 2003, Massachusetts had 411 hazardous waste sites listed in the US Environment Protection Agency (EPA) database, 31 of which were on the National Priorities List as of 2006, including Materials Technology Laboratory (US Army), Otis Air National Guard Base, and South Weymouth Naval Air Station. In 2005, the EPA spent over $47.5 million through the Superfund program for the cleanup of hazardous waste sites in the state. The same year, federal EPA grants awarded to the state included $29.6 million for the drinking water state revolving fund program. A $771,279 grant was awarded to implement coastal beach monitoring projects and a $74,000 grant was awarded for a project to encourage food waste composting in the supermarket industry.

Since about 1900, the Commonwealth has protected 528,400 acres (208,730 hectares) through acquisitions or restrictions, an area equal to 10% of the total land mass of the state. In 1993/94, the state added 8,930 acres (3,614 hectares) to its stock of protected land, expending $41 million in the effort. Federal, county, local, and private nonprofit agencies and organizations provide another 375,680 acres (152,038 hectares) of open space.

POPULATION

As New England's most populous state, Massachusetts has seen its population grow steadily since colonial times. However, since the early 1800s, its growth rate has often lagged behind that of the rest of the nation. Massachusetts's population, according to the 1990 federal census, was 6,016,425 (13th in the nation), an increase of 4.9% over 1980, and much better than the 0.8% growth rate of the 1970s. Reasons behind the population lag include a birthrate well below the US average, and a net out-migration of 301,000 people between 1970 and 1983, the largest drop of all New England states.

Massachusetts ranked 13th in population in the United States with an estimated total of 6,398,743 in 2005, an increase of 0.8% since 2000. Between 1990 and 2000, Massachusetts's population grew from 6,016,425 to 6,349,097, an increase of 5.5%. The population is projected to reach 6.7 million by 2015 and 6.9 million by 2025. The population density in 2004 was 818.2 persons per sq mi, the third highest in the nation. In 2004 the median age was 38.1. Persons under 18 years old accounted for 22.8% of the population while 13.3% was age 65 or older.

The state's biggest city is Boston, which ranked 24th among the largest US cities with a population of 569,165 in 2004, up from an estimated 547,725 in 1994. Other large cities (with their 2004 estimated populations) are Worcester, 175,966, and Springfield, 152,091. The Greater Boston area had an estimated metropolitan population of 4,424,649.

ETHNIC GROUPS

Early industrialization helped make Massachusetts a mecca for many European migrants, particularly the Irish. As late as 1990 more than half of the population identified with at least one single ancestry group. As of 2000 the largest were the Irish (22.5% of the population), Italian (13.5%), English (11.4%), French (8%), Polish (5.1%), and Portuguese (4.4%). In that year, the foreign born numbered 772,983, or 12.2% of the state's population.

Massachusetts has always had a black population, and has contributed such distinguished figures as poet Phillis Wheatley and NAACP founder W.E.B. DuBois (the first black Ph.D. from Harvard) to US cultural and public life. A sizable class of black professionals has developed, and the 20th century has seen an influx of working-class blacks from southern states. In 2000 there were 343,454 black Americans in Massachusetts, 5.4% of the population. Blacks constituted more than 25% of Boston's population. In 2004, 6.8% of Massachusetts' population was black. The state also had 428,729 Hispanics and Latinos in 2000, predominantly Puerto Rican and Dominican. In 2004, 7.7% of the population was of Hispanic or Latino origin.

Greater Boston has a small, well-organized Chinatown; in the suburbs reside many Chinese professionals and businesspeople, as well as those connected with the region's numerous educational institutions. Statewide, there were 84,392 Chinese in 2000 (up from 47,245 in 1990), 33,962 Vietnamese (up from 13,101 in 1990), 19,696 Cambodians, 17,369 Koreans, and 10,539 Japanese. In 2000, the total Asian population was estimated at 238,124, and the Native American population (including Eskimos and Aleuts) totaled an estimated 15,015. Pacific Islanders numbered 2,489. In 2004, 4.6% of the population was Asian, 0.3% American Indian or Alaskan Native, and 0.1% of Pacific Island origin. That year, 1.3% of the population reported origin of two or more races. Cape Cod has settlements of Portuguese fishermen, as has New Bedford.

LANGUAGES

Some general Algonkian loanwords and a few place-names—such as Massachusetts itself, Chicopee, Quebbin, and Naukeag—are the language echoes of the Massachuset, Pennacook, and Mahican Indians so historically important in the founding of Massachusetts Bay Colony and Old Colony, now Plymouth.

On the whole, Massachusetts English is classed as Northern, but early migration up the Connecticut River left that waterway a sometimes sharp, sometimes vague boundary, setting off special variations within the eastern half of the state. Two conspicuous but now receding features long held prestige because of the cultural eminence of Boston: the absence of /r/ after a vowel, as in fear and port, and the use of a vowel halfway between the short /a/ of cat and /ah/ in half and past as well as in car and park. Eastern Massachusetts speakers are likely to have /ah/ in orange and to pronounce on and fog with the same vowel as in form. In the east, a sycamore is a buttonwood, a tied and filled quilt is a comforter, a creek is a saltwater inlet, and pancakes may be called fritters.

Around Boston are heard the intrusive /r/ as in "the lawr of the land," the /oo/ vowel in butcher, tonic for soft drink, submarine for a large sandwich, and milkshake for a concoction lacking ice cream. West of the Connecticut River are heard the /aw/ sound in orange, /ah/ in on and fog, and the short /a/ of cat in half and bass;buttonball is a sycamore, and comfortable is a tied quilt.

In 2000, 81.3% of the population five years of age or older (down from 84.8% in 1990) spoke only English at home.

The following table gives selected statistics from the 2000 Census for language spoken at home by persons five years old and over.

LANGUAGE	NUMBER	PERCENT
Population 5 years and over	5,954,249	100.0
Speak only English	4,838,679	81.3
Speak a language other than English	1,115,570	18.7
Speak a language other than English	1,115,570	18.7
Spanish or Spanish Creole	370,011	6.2
Portuguese or Portuguese Creole	159,809	2.7
French (incl. Patois, Cajun)	84,484	1.4
Chinese	71,412	1.2
Italian	59,811	1.0
French Creole	43,519	0.7
Russian	32,580	0.5
Vietnamese	30,400	0.5
Greek	28,819	0.5
Polish	27,631	0.5
Mon-Khmer, Cambodian	21,549	0.4
German	20,029	0.3
Arabic	18,742	0.3

RELIGIONS

While Protestant sects have contributed greatly to the state's history and development, more than half the state's population is Roman Catholic, a fact that has had a profound effect on Massachusetts politics and policies.

Both the Pilgrims, who landed on Plymouth Rock in 1620, and the Puritans, who formed the Massachusetts Bay Company in 1629, came to the land to escape harassment by the Church of England. These early communities were based on strict religious principles and forbade the practice of differing religions. Religious tolerance was included in the Charter of 1692, to protect the Baptists, Anglicans, and Catholics who had by then arrived in the colony.

The major influx of Roman Catholics came in the 1840s with the arrival of the Irish in Boston. By the 1850s, they had migrated to other towns and cities and formed the backbone of the state's industrial workforce. Later migration by Italian Catholics, German Catholics, and Eastern European Jews turned the state, by 1900, into a melting pot of religions and nationalities, although many of these minorities did not win substantial acceptance from the Protestant elite until the World War II era.

As of 2004, there were 3,033,367 Roman Catholics in Massachusetts, representing nearly half of the total population; the archdiocese of Boston held 2,077,487 members that year. The largest Protestant denominations in 2000 were: the Episcopal Church, 98,963; the United Methodist Church, 64,028; and the American Baptists (USA), 52,716. In 2005, the United Church of Christ reported a statewide membership of 89,264. The second largest religious affiliation is Judaism, with about 275,000 adherents in 2000. The Muslim population the same year was about 41,497 people. Though membership numbers were not available, reports noted that there were about 57 Buddhist congregations and 20 Hindu congregations throughout the state. About 35% of the population did not specify a religious affiliation.

Although small, the Church of Christ, Scientist, is significant to Massachusetts's history. Its first house of worship was founded in 1879 in Boston by Mary Baker Eddy, who four years earlier had published the Christian Science textbook Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures. In Boston, the church continues to publish an influential newspaper, the Christian Science Monitor. Membership numbers are not published, but the church claims about 2,000 branch churches and societies in over 80 countries. Administrative and special group offices for the Unitarian Universalist Association are also located in Boston.

TRANSPORTATION

The first rail line in the United States, a 3-mi (5-km) stretch from the Neponset River to the granite quarries in Quincy, was built in 1826. The first steam railroad in New England, connecting Boston and Lowell, was completed seven years later. By the late 1830s, tracks were laid from Boston to Worcester and to Providence, Rhode Island, and during the next two decades, additional railroad lines opened up new cities for industrial expansion.

As of 2003, 10 railroads transported freight through Massachusetts: CSX Transportation, the state's sole Class I railroad; the Providence & Worcester and Guilford Rail, the state's regional railroads; and seven other local and switching and terminal railroads. In that same year, the state had 1,255 rail mi (2,020 km) of railroad. As of 2006, Boston was the northern terminus of Amtrak's Northeast Corridor route, linking New England with Washington, DC, via New York City and Philadelphia. East-west service from Boston to Chicago was also provided by Amtrak.

Commuter service is coordinated by the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA), formed in 1964 to consolidate bus, commuter rail, high-speed trolley, and subway services to the 79 cities and towns in the Greater Boston area. The Boston subway, which began operation in 1897, is the oldest subway system in the United States. Boston also is one of the few cities in the United States with an operating trolley system. About 40% of all Bostonians commute to work by public transportation, the second-highest percentage in the nation, following New York City.

In 2004, there were 35,783 mi (57,610 km) of public roadways crisscrossing the state. The major highways, which extend from and through Boston like the spokes of a wheel, include I-95, which runs north-south; the Massachusetts Turnpike (I-90), which runs west to the New York State border; I-93, which leads north to New Hampshire; State Highway 3 to Cape Cod; and State Highway 24 to Fall River. The other major road in the state is I-91, which runs north-south through the Connecticut River Valley. More than $3 billion was spent by all units of government for highways in 1997. In 2004, some 5.532 million motor vehicles registered in the state, of which about 3.486 were automobiles, approximately 1.898 million were trucks of all types, and around 11,000 were buses. There were also around 137,000 motorcycles registered with the state in that same year. There were 4,645,857 licensed driver's licenses in the state for 2004.

Because it is the major American city closest to Europe, Boston is an important shipping center for both domestic and foreign cargo. In 2004, a total of 25.796 million tons of cargo passed through the Port of Boston. All port activity is under the jurisdiction of the Massachusetts Port Authority, which also operates Logan International Airport and Hanscom Field in Bedford. Fall River was another important port with a cargo total of 3.161 million tons that same year. In 2004, Massachusetts had 90 mi (144 km) of navigable inland waterways. In 2003, waterborne shipments totaled 30.655 million tons.

In 2005, Massachusetts had a total of 232 public and private-use aviation-related facilities. This included 76 airports, 137 heliports, 1 STOLport (Short Take-Off and Landing), and 18 seaplane bases. Logan International, near Boston, is the busiest airport in the state. In 2004, the airport had 12,758,020 enplanements, making it the 18th-busiest airport in the United States.

HISTORY

Some 15,000 years ago, when the last of the glaciers receded form the land we call Massachusetts, what remained was a rocky surface scoured of most of its topsoil. In time, however, forests grew to support a rich variety of wildlife. When the first Indians arrived from the south, game abounded and fish were plentiful in streams and along the coast. These first Indians were hunter-gatherers; their successors not only foraged for food but also cleared fields for planting corn (maize) and squash. Periodically they burned away the woodland underbrush, a technique of forest management that stimulated the vegetation that supported game. When English settlers arrived, they encountered five main Algonkian tribes: the Nauset, a fishing people on Cape Cod; the Wampanoag in the southeast; the Massachusetts in the northeast; the Nipmuc in the central hills; and the Pocumtuc in the west.

The earliest European explorers—including the Norsemen, who may have reached Cape Cod—made no apparent impact on these Algonkian groups, but in the wake of John and Sebastian Cabot's voyages (1497 and following), fishermen from England, France, Portugal, and Spain began fishing off the Massachusetts coast. By the mid-16th century, they were regularly going ashore to process and pack their catch. Within 50 years, fur trading with the Indians was established.

Permanent English settlement, which would ultimately destroy the Algonkian peoples, began in 1620 when a small band of Puritans left their haven at Leiden in the Netherlands to start a colony in the northern part of Virginia lands, near the Hudson River. Their ship, the Mayflower, was blown off course by an Atlantic storm, and they landed on Cape Cod before settling in an abandoned Wampanoag village they called Plymouth. Ten years later, a much larger Puritan group settled the Massachusetts Bay Colony, some miles to the north in Salem. Between 1630 and 1640, about 20,000 English people, chiefly Puritans, settled in Massachusetts with offshoots moving to Connecticut and Rhode Island.

The leaders of the Massachusetts settlement, most notably John Winthrop, a country gentleman with some legal training, intended to make their colony an exemplary Christian society. Though church and state were legally separate, they were mutually reinforcing agencies; thus, when Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson were separately found guilty of heresy in the 1630s, they were banished by the state. All male church members had a voice in both church and state leadership, though both institutions were led by college-educated men. In order to provide for future leaders, Harvard College (now Harvard University) was founded in 1636.

After the beginning of the English revolution in 1640, migration to Massachusetts declined abruptly. Farming soon overtook fishing and fur trading in economic importance; after the trade in beaver skins was exhausted, the remaining Indian tribes were decimated in King Philip's War (1675–76). Shipbuilding and Atlantic commerce also brought prosperity to the Massachusetts Bay Colony, which was granted a new charter by King William and Queen Mary in 1692, merging Massachusetts and the colony of Plymouth. In that year, 19 people were executed for witchcraft on the gallows at Salem before Massachusetts authorities put a stop to the proceedings.

During the 18th century, settlement spread across the entire colony. Boston, the capital, had attained a population of 15,000 by 1730; it was an urbane community of brick as well as wooden buildings, with nearly a dozen church spires distinguishing its skyline by the 1750s. Religious revivals, also occurring elsewhere in America, swept Massachusetts in the 1730s and 1740s, rekindling piety and dividing the inhabitants into competing camps. Although the conflicts had ebbed by the 1750s, Massachusetts did not achieve unity again until the resistance to British imperial actions during the next two decades.

Up to this time, imperial government had rested lightly on Massachusetts, providing more advantages than drawbacks for commerce. The colony had actively supported British expeditions against French Canada, and supply contracts during the French and Indian War had enriched the economy. But the postwar recession after 1763 was accompanied by a new imperial policy that put pressure on Massachusetts as well as other colonies. None of the crown's three objectives—tight regulation of trade, the raising of revenue, and elimination of key areas of colonial political autonomy—were popular among the merchants, tradespeople, and farmers of Massachusetts. From 1765, when Bostonians violently protested the Stamp Act, Massachusetts was in the vanguard of the resistance.

At first, opposition was largely confined to Boston and surrounding towns, although the legislature, representing the entire colony, was active in opposing British measures. By December 1773, when East India Company tea was dumped into Boston harbor to prevent its taxation, most of the colony was committed to resistance. Newspaper polemics composed by Samuel Adams and his cousin John, among others, combined with the persuasive activities of the Boston Committee of Correspondence, helped convince a majority of Massachusetts residents that the slogan "no taxation without representation" stood for the preservation of their communities. When Parliament retaliated for the Tea Party by closing the port of Boston in 1774, rescinding the colony's 1692 charter, and remaking the government to put it under London's control, Massachusetts was ready to rebel. Military preparations began immediately on both sides. After almost a year of confrontation, battle began at Lexington and Concord on 19 April 1775. By this time, Massachusetts had the backing of the Continental Congress.

For Massachusetts, the battlefield experience of the Revolution was largely confined to 1775, the climaxes being the Battle of Bunker Hill and the British evacuation of Boston the following year. Thereafter, Massachusetts soldiers were active throughout the colonies, but the theater of action shifted southward. A new republican constitution, adopted in 1780, was the first state constitution to be submitted to the electorate for ratification.

Social and economic conditions in post-Revolutionary Massachusetts were much like those of the colonial era. Although the Shays Rebellion, an uprising of central and western farmers led by Daniel Shays in 1786–87, challenged the political hegemony of commercially oriented eastern leaders, the latter succeeded in maintaining their hold on the state. Massachusetts, which entered the Union on 6 February 1788, was the center of Federalism from 1790 until the mid-1820s. Although Jeffersonian Republicans and Jacksonian Democrats achieved substantial followings, Federalist policies, embodied in the Whigs in the 1830s and the Republicans from the late 1850s, were dominant. This political continuity was based on the importance of national commercial and industrial development to the state.

Even before 1800, it was clear that Massachusetts could not sustain growth in agriculture. Its soil had never been excellent, and the best lands were tired, having been worked for generations with little regard for conservation. Much of the state's population departed for New York, Ohio, and beyond during the first decades of the 19th century. Those who stayed maintained productive agriculture, concentrating more and more on fruits and dairying, but they also developed commerce and industry. At Waltham, Lowell, and Lawrence the first large-scale factories in the United States were erected, and smaller textile mills throughout the state helped to make Massachusetts a leader in the cloth industry. At Spring-field and Watertown, US armories led the way in metalworking, while shoes and leather goods brought prosperity to Lynn, and whale products and shipbuilding to New Bedford. By the 1850s, steam engines and clipper ships were both Bay State products.

The industrial development of Massachusetts was accompanied by a literary and intellectual flowering that was partly in reaction to the materialism and worldliness associated with urban and industrial growth. Concord, the home of Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, and a cluster of others, became the center of the transcendentalist movement in philosophy. Social reform also represented an assertion of moral values, whether in the field of education, health care, temperance, or penology. Abolitionism, the greatest of the moral reform efforts, found some of its chief leaders in Massachusetts, among them William Lloyd Garrison and Wendell Phillips, as well as a host of supporters.

In the years following the Civil War, Massachusetts emerged as an urban industrial state. Its population, fed by immigrants from England, Scotland, Germany, and especially Ireland, grew rapidly in the middle decades of the century. Later, between 1880 and 1920, another wave of immigrants came from French Canada, Italy, Russia, Poland, Scandinavia, Portugal, Greece, and Syria. Still later, between 1950 and 1970, black southerners and Puerto Ricans settled in the cities.

From the election of Lincoln in 1860 through the 1920s, Massachusetts was led by Protestant Yankee Republicans; most Democrats were Catholics. Class, ethnic, and religious tensions were endemic, occasionally erupting into open conflict. Three such episodes gained national attention. In 1912, immigrant textile workers in Lawrence were pitted against Yankee capitalists. A highly publicized strike of 1919 had the largely Irish-American police force rebelling against Yankees in city and state government, and brought Governor Calvin Coolidge—who suppressed the strike and refused to reinstate the striking policemen—to national prominence. In 1921, Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti, Italian immigrant anarchists, were convicted for a payroll robbery and murder, though there was bitter controversy regarding the quality of the evidence against them. Before they were executed in 1927, their case and the issues it raised polarized political opinion throughout the United States. Subsequently, electoral competition between Democrats and Republicans emerged as a less divisive outlet for class and ethnic tensions. Since 1959, the Democrats have enjoyed ascendance statewide, and Republicans have won only when their candidates stood close to the Democrats on the issues. Party loyalties as such have waned, however.

The Massachusetts economy, relatively stagnant between 1920 and 1950, revived in the second half of the 20th century through a combination of an educated and skilled workforce, capital resources, and political clout. As the old industries and the mill cities declined, new high-technology manufacturing developed in Boston's suburban perimeter, centering on start-up manufacturing firms along Route 128 outside Boston. Electronics, computers, and defense-oriented industries led the way, stimulating a general prosperity in which service activities such as banking, insurance, health care, and higher education were especially prominent. As a result, white-collar employment and middle-class suburbs flourished, though run-down mill towns and Yankee dairy farms and orchards still dotted the landscape.

In this respect, as in its politics, Massachusetts resembled many other areas of the Northeast. It was a multiracial state in which the general welfare was defined by shifting coalitions of ethnic groups and special interests. From a national perspective, Massachusetts voters appeared liberal; the Bay State was the only one to choose Democrat George McGovern over President Richard M. Nixon in 1972, and, since the 1970s, has been a perennially secure base for Senator Edward M. Kennedy. Yet Boston was also the site of some of the most extreme anti-integration tension during the same era; Massachusetts was simultaneously a center of efforts in favor of the Equal Rights Amendment and against abortion.

Massachusetts's defiance of political categories continued into the 1990s. In 1990, blaming the current governor, Democrat Michael Dukakis, for the economy's decline, Massachusetts voters elected a Republican, William Weld, as governor. Yet Weld in fact espoused a blend of liberal and conservative positions. A fiscal conservative who called for cutting taxes and reducing programs such as Medicaid and state employee pension plans, Weld took a liberal stance on social issues, supporting gay rights, abortion rights, and strict protection of the environment. In August 1997, Weld resigned as governor to pursue an appointment as ambassador to Mexico.

Beginning in 1989, the Massachusetts economy declined dramatically, losing 14% of its total jobs in three years. Like other parts of New England, Massachusetts was hit hard by the recession of the early 1990s, and the state's economic woes were aggravated by the collapse in the late 1980s of speculative real estate ventures. The saturation of the real estate market forced retrenchments not only of that industry but of construction as well. By 1992, a number of indications suggested that a recovery had begun to take hold, aided in part by the privatization of highway maintenance, prison health care, and some other state-run operations.

By the mid-1990s, the Massachusetts economy was in the midst of a vigorous upturn, credited largely to the strength of its leading local industries, including software and mutual funds, and the health of the US economy as a whole. In 1996 the state's unemployment level fell to 4%, the lowest it had been since 1989. By 1999 the unemployment rate had dropped further, to 3.2%. Its 1998 per capita income of $32,902 was the third highest in the nation and had grown at the second-fastest rate (second only to that of Wyoming). Massachusetts' per capital personal income was $41,801 in 2004, second highest in the nation, behind Connecticut.

Despite that record, the thriving economy came to an abrupt halt in 2001, as the United States entered a recession marked by a large increase in job losses. In 2003, Massachusetts had a $3 billion budget deficit. Issues facing the legislature that year included Medicaid spending and a prescription drug program for senior citizens. The state Senate had approved a measure calling for a ban on smoking in the workplace, which was being considered by the House of Representatives. (This ban on smoking in the workplace, including in bars and restaurants—private clubs and cigar bars excepted—came into effect in July 2004.) In addition, the state was considering the legality of same-sex marriages. Republican governor Mitt Romney, a business executive and fiscal conservative elected in 2002, took a liberal stand on some social issues, such as supporting abortion choice and gay rights, but he also advocated reinstatement of the death penalty. Romney recommended a 0.3% reduction in the personal income tax for his 2006 budget, from 5.3% to 5.0%.

Balancing development with environmental conservation was among the issues the state grappled with at the dawn of the 21st century. In 2000 the legislature approved a statewide initiative to preserve open space through local land-acquisition funds. The funds were to come from a $20 surcharge on all transactions at the Registry of Deeds and Land Court; communities would also be given the option to allow voters to approve a property tax increase of up to 3% to support the measure.

The state was the setting of a national controversy in April 2000: in a report condemning lax oversight of the largest public works project in US history, a federal task force charged that managers of Boston's multibillion-dollar highway project intentionally concealed cost overruns. Known as "Big Dig," the massive project includes building a 10-lane expressway under Boston and extending the Massachusetts Turnpike beneath Boston Harbor to Logan International Airport. State officials had revealed in February that the project, which began in 1991, was $1.4 billion over its $10.8 billion budget, making it more expensive than the Boston Harbor cleanup. The project to restore the harbor, considered the nation's filthiest in 1990, was drawing to a successful close in 2000, in spite of cost overruns. Portions of the highway project, including the extension of I-90 through the Ted Williams Tunnel to Logan Airport were completed in January 2003. During 2004, the old elevated Central Artery (formerly I-93) came down, creating 27 acres for a new tree-lined boulevard and cross streets, sidewalks, parks, and other refurbished open space. As of October 2005, 97% of the construction on the Big Dig project was complete.

Massachusetts was at the center of the sexual abuse scandals plaguing the Catholic Church in the early 2000s. Cardinal Bernard F. Law stepped down as Archbishop of Boston in December 2002 after widespread criticism of his handling of charges that priests sexually abused children, and of allegations of cover-ups. The Vatican replaced Law with Sean Patrick O'Malley as Archbishop of Boston in 2003.

In November 2003, the Massachusetts Supreme Court became the first state supreme court in the nation to rule that same-sex marriages were legal. The court ruled that denying individuals from the "protections, benefits, and obligations of civil marriage solely because that person would marry a person of the same sex violates the Massachusetts constitution." Massachusetts became the first state to legally allow gay marriages to take place on 17 May 2004. In September 2005, the Massachusetts state legislature rejected a proposed state constitutional amendment that would have banned gay marriage but allowed civil unions.

STATE GOVERNMENT

The first state constitution, drawn up soon after the signing of the Declaration of Independence, was rejected by the electorate. A revised draft was not approved by the state voters until 15 June 1780, following two constitutional conventions. This constitution, as amended (120 times by January 2005), governs Massachusetts and is, according to the state, the oldest written constitution in the world still in effect.

The legislature of Massachusetts, known as the General Court, is composed of a 40-member Senate and 160-member House of Representatives, all of whom are elected every two years in even-numbered years. Annual legislative sessions begin the first Wednesday in January and must conclude by November 15 one year and by July 31 the following year. Additionally, legislators may petition to convene special sessions. Members of the Senate must have resided in Massachusetts for at least five years and must be residents of their districts; representatives must have lived in their districts for at least one year prior to election. The minimum age for all legislators is 18, and they must be qualified voters. The legislative salary was $53,379.93 in 2004.

The governor and lieutenant governor are elected jointly every four years. The governor appoints all state and local judges, as well as the heads of the executive offices. Both the governor and lieutenant governor must have resided in the state for at least seven years; there is no minimum age specified for the offices. As of December 2004, the governor's salary was $135,000 (Gov. Mitt Romney waives his salary). Other elected officials include the attorney general, secretary of the commonwealth, treasurer and receiver-general, and auditor of the commonwealth. All serve four-year terms.

Any Massachusetts citizen may file a bill through a state legislator, or a bill may be filed directly by a legislator or by the governor. To win passage, a bill must gain a majority vote of both houses of the legislature. After a bill is passed, the governor has 10 days in which to sign it, return it for reconsideration (usually with amendments), veto it, or hold onto it until after the legislature adjourns ("pocket veto"). A veto may be overridden by a two-thirds vote of the members present in both houses.

An amendment to the constitution may be introduced by any house or Senate member (legislative amendment); if it is approved by two successive sessions of the legislature, the amendment is then submitted to the voters at the next general election. An amendment may also be introduced by a petition signed by 3% of the total votes cast for governor in the last state election, which must be at least 25,000 qualified voters, and that is presented in a joint session of the General Court. No more than one-fourth of the signatures may come from any one county. The majority vote on the amendment must be 30% of the total ballots cast at the election.

To vote in a Massachusetts district, a person must be a US citizen, at least 18 years old, and a state resident. Convicted felons and those declared mentally incompetent by the court may not vote.

POLITICAL PARTIES

The Federalist Party, represented nationally by John Adams, dominated Massachusetts in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. The state turned to the Whig Party in the second quarter of the 19th century. Predominantly Yankee in character, the Whigs supported business growth, promoted protective tariffs, and favored such enterprises as railroads and factories. The new Republican Party, to which most Massachusetts Whigs gravitated when their party split in the 1850s, was a prime mover of abolitionism and played an important role in the election of Abraham Lincoln as president in 1860. Republicans held most of the major state elective offices, as well as most US congressional seats, until the early 1900s.

The Democratic Party's rise starting in the 1870s was tied directly to massive Irish immigration. Other immigrant groups also gravitated toward the Democrats, and in 1876, the state's first Democratic congressman was elected. In 1928, the state voted for Democratic presidential candidate Alfred E. Smith, a Roman Catholic, the first time the Democrats won a majority in a Massachusetts presidential election. Democrats have subsequently, for the most part, dominated state politics. In 1960, John F. Kennedy, who had been a popular US senator from Massachusetts, became the first Roman Catholic president in US history. Since then the state has voted for all Democratic presidential candidates except Republican Ronald Reagan in 1980 and 1984; in 1972, it was the only state carried by Democrat George McGovern. Massachusetts chose its native son, Democratic governor Michael Dukakis, for president in 1988 and voted again for a Democrat in the next three elections, giving Al Gore 60% of the vote, Republican George W. Bush 33%, and Green Party candidate Ralph Nader 6% in 2000. In 2004, state voters gave native son, Democrat John Kerry, 53.4% of the vote to incumbent George W. Bush's 44.6%. In 2004 there were 3,973,000 registered voters. In 1998, 37% of registered voters were Democratic, 13% Republican, and 50% unaffiliated or members of other parties. The state had 12 electoral votes in the 2004 presidential election.

From 1990 to 1997, the governorship was held by a Republican, William Weld. Weld resigned in 1997 to pursue an appointment as ambassador to Mexico, at which time he was succeeded by lieutenant governor and fellow Republican Argeo Paul Cellucci. Cellucci was elected in his own right in November 1998. In 2002, Republican Mitt Romney was elected governor. Following the 2004 election, the US Senate seats for Massachusetts were held by Democrats Edward Kennedy (last elected in 2000) and John Kerry (last elected in 2002). In 2003, Kerry launched an unsuccessful campaign for the presidency. The 10-member US House delegation following the 2004 elections again consisted entirely of Democrats. In December 2005 the Massachusetts state Senate had 34 Democrats and 6 Republicans, while the state House of Representatives, known as the General Court, had 139 Democrats, 20 Republicans, with 1 Independent.

Massachusetts Presidential Vote by Political Party, 1948–2004
YEAR	ELECTORAL VOTE	MASSACHUSETTS WINNER	DEMOCRAT	REPUBLICAN	SOCIALIST LABOR	PROGRESSIVE
*Won US presidential election.
1948	16	*Truman (D)	1,151,788	909,370	5,535	38,157
1952	16	*Eisenhower (R)	1,083,525	1,292,197	1,957	4,636
1956	16	*Eisenhower (R)	948,190	1,393,197	5,573	—
1960	16	*Kennedy (D)	1,487,174	976,750	3,892	—
1964	14	*Johnson	1,786,422	549,727	4,755	—
						AMERICAN IND.
1968	14	Humphrey (D)	1,469,218	766,844	6,180	87,088
					SOC. WORKERS	AMERICAN
1972	14	McGovern (D)	1,332,540	1,112,178	10,600	2,877
1976	14	*Carter (D)	1,429,475	1,030,276	8,138	7,55
					LIBERTARIAN
1980	14	*Reagan (R)	1,048,562	1,054,213	21,311	—
1984	13	*Reagan (R)	1,239,600	1,310,936	—	—
						NEW ALLIANCE
1988	13	Dukakis (D)	1,401,415	1,194,635	24,251	9,561
						IND. (Perot)
1992	12	*Clinton (D)	1,318,639	805,039	9,021	630,731
1996	12	*Clinton (D)	1,571,763	718,107	20,426	227,217
						GREEN
2000	12	Gore (D)	1,616,487	878,502	16,366	173,564
2004	12	Kerry (D)	1,803,800	1,071,109	15,022	10,623

LOCAL GOVERNMENT

As of 2005, Massachusetts had 14 counties, 45 municipal governments, 349 school districts, and 403 special districts. In 2002 there were also 306 townships.

In most counties, which mostly serve judicial purposes, executive authority is vested in commissioners elected to four-year terms. Other county officials include the register of probate and family court, sheriff, clerk of courts, county treasurer, and register of deeds.

All Massachusetts cities are governed by mayors and city councils. Towns are governed by selectmen, who are usually elected to either one- or two-year terms. Town meetings—a carryover from the colonial period, when every taxpayer had an equal voice in town government—still take place. By state law, to be designated as a city, a place must have at least 12,000 residents. Towns with more than 6,000 inhabitants may hold representative town meetings limited to elected officials.

In 2005, local government accounted for about 233,729 full-time (or equivalent) employment positions.

STATE SERVICES

To address the continuing threat of terrorism and to work with the federal Department of Homeland Security, homeland security in Massachusetts operates under the authority of state statute; activities are overseen by the public safety director.

State services are provided through the 14 executive offices and major departments that constitute the governor's cabinet. The heads of these departments are appointed by the governor. The Ethics in Massachusetts State Government organization distributes information on state government scandals.

Educational services are administered by the Department of Education. Included under its jurisdiction are the State Board of Education and Board of Higher Education, the Massachusetts community college and state college systems, the University of Massachusetts, the Council of the Arts and Humanities, and the State Library.

The Executive Office of Transportation supervises the Department of Public Works and has responsibility for the planning and development of transportation systems within the state, including the Massachusetts Port Authority, the Massachusetts Highway Department, the Massachusetts Turnpike Authority, the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority, the Registry of Motor Vehicles, and the Massachusetts Aeronautics Commission.

All public health, mental health, youth, and veterans' programs are administered by the Executive Office of Health and Human Services. Also under its jurisdiction is the Department of Public Health. The Executive Office of Public Safety includes the Department of Correction, Emergency Management Agency, National Guard, and State Police.

The Executive Office of Consumer Affairs and Business Regulation regulates state standards and registers professional workers. The departments of telecommunications and energy are also part of this office, as are the divisions regulating banks and insurance. Housing services are provided through the Department of Housing and Community Development.

The Executive Office of Environmental Affairs protects the state's marine and wildlife, and monitors the quality of its air, water, and food. Labor and industrial relations are monitored through the Department of Labor, which administers the minimum wage law, occupational safety laws, and child labor laws, among others. The Executive Office of Economic Development helps to improve the economic climate in the state and promotes exports and tourism.

JUDICIAL SYSTEM

All statewide judicial offices are filled by the governor, with the advice and consent of the executive council.

The Supreme Judicial Court, composed of a chief justice and six other justices, is the highest court in the state. It has appellate jurisdiction in matters of law and also advises the governor and legislature on legal questions. The superior courts, actually the highest level of trial court, have a chief justice and 79 other justices; these courts hear law, equity, civil, and criminal cases, and make the final determination in matters of fact. The appeals court, consisting of a chief justice and 13 other justices, hears appeals of decisions by district and municipal courts. There are also district and municipal courts and trial court judges. Other court systems in the state include the land court, probate and family court, housing court (with divisions in Boston and Hampden counties), and juvenile court (with divisions in Boston, Springfield, Worcester, and Bristol counties).

As of 31 December 2004, a total of 10,144 prisoners were held in Massachusetts' state and federal prisons, a decrease from 10,232 of 0.9% from the previous year. As of year-end 2004, a total of 741 inmates were female, up from 708 or 4.7% from the year before. Among sentenced prisoners (one year or more), Massachusetts had an incarceration rate of 232 per 100,000 population in 2004.

According to the Federal Bureau of Investigation, Massachusetts in 2004, had a violent crime rate (murder/nonnegligent manslaughter; forcible rape; robbery; aggravated assault) of 458.8 reported incidents per 100,000 population, or a total of 29,437 reported incidents. Crimes against property (burglary; larceny/theft; and motor vehicle theft) in that same year totaled 157,825 reported incidents or 2,459.7 reported incidents per 100,000 people. Massachusetts has no death penalty.

Under Massachusetts' gun control laws, all guns must be registered, and there is a mandatory one-year jail sentence for possession without a permit.

In 2003, Massachusetts spent $299,944,420 on homeland security, an average of $48 per state resident.

ARMED FORCES

The military installations located in Massachusetts in 2004 had 4,382 active-duty military personnel, 7,315 National Guard and Reserve, and 3,049 civilian personnel. The largest installation in the state is the Laurence G. Hanscom Air Force Base in Bedford. Other installations include the Army reserve and development center at Natick, Westover Air Reserve Base, one of 11 Air Force Reserve host bases, home to the 439th Airlift Wing, and, the Navy's South Weymouth Naval Air Station closed in 1997 and redeveloped for multiple uses including parks and recreation. Defense contracts awarded in 2004 totaled $6.96 billion, eighth-highest in the United States for that year. In addition, Massachusetts received another $1.1 billion in defense payroll spending, including retired military pay.

There were 490,882 military veterans living in the state in 2003, of which 90,933 served in World War II; 65,672 during the Korean conflict; 142,892 during the Vietnam era; and 51,292 during the Persian Gulf War. In 2004, expenditures on veterans exceeded $1.3 billion.

As of 31 October 2004, the Massachusetts State Police employed 2,199 full-time sworn officers.

MIGRATION

Massachusetts was founded by the migration of English religious groups to its shores, and for over a century their descendants dominated all activity in the state. The first non-English to enter Massachusetts in significant numbers were the Irish, who migrated in vast numbers during the 1840s and 1850s. By 1860, one-third of Boston's population was Irish, while nearly one-fourth of Middlesex and Norfolk counties and one-fifth of the inhabitants of Berkshire, Bristol, Essex, and Hampden counties were Irish-born. Other ethnic groups—such as the Scottish, Welsh, Germans, and Poles—were also entering the state at this time, but their numbers were small by comparison. During the late 1880s and 1890s, another wave of immigrants—from Portugal, Spain, Italy, Russia, and Greece—arrived. Irish and Italians continued to enter the state during the 20th century.

A slow but steady migration from Massachusetts farm communities began during the mid-l700s and continued well into the 1800s. The first wave of farmers resettled in northern Connecticut, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine. Later farmers moved to New York's Mohawk Valley, Ohio, and points farther west. Out-migration has continued into recent times: from 1970 to 1990, Massachusetts lost nearly 400,000 residents in net migration to other states but experienced an overall net increase from migration of 59,000 due to migration from abroad. Between 1990 and 1998, the state had a net loss of 237,000 in domestic migration and a net gain of 135,000 in international migration. In 1996, Massachusetts's foreign-born population numbered 591,000, or nearly 10% of the state's total population. In 1998, 15,869 foreign immi-grants arrived in Massachusetts, the 8th-highest total of any state for that year. Between 1990 and 1998, the state's overall population increased 2.2%. In the period 2000–05, net international migration was 162,674 and net internal migration was −236,415, for a net loss of 73,741 people.

The only significant migration from other areas of the United States to Massachusetts has been the influx of southern blacks since World War II. According to census estimates, Massachusetts gained 84,000 blacks between 1940 and 1975; between 1990 and 1998, the black population grew from 300,000 to 395,000 persons, mostly in the Boston area.

INTERGOVERNMENTAL COOPERATION

Massachusetts participates in numerous regional agreements, including the New England Interstate Corrections, Police, Board of Higher Education, Radiological Health Protection, and Interstate Water Pollution Control compacts. The state is also a party to the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission, the Northeastern Forest Fire Protection Compact, the Connecticut River Valley Flood Control Compact, the Bay State-Ocean State Compact with Rhode Island, the Merrimack River Basin Flood Control Compact, the Thames River Flood Control Compact, and the Connecticut River Atlantic Salmon Compact.

Border agreements include the Connecticut-Massachusetts Boundary Compact (ratified by Massachusetts in 1908), the Massachusetts-New York Compact of 1853, and the Massachusetts-Rhode Island Compact of 1859. During fiscal year 2001, the state received over $9.7 billion in federal grants. Following a national trend, that amount was decreased significantly to $8.589 billion in fiscal year 2005, an estimated $8.892 billion in fiscal year 2006, and an estimated $8.217 billion in fiscal year 2007.

ECONOMY

During the colonial and early national periods, the towns of Salem, Gloucester, Marblehead, and Boston, among others, gave the state strong fishing and shipbuilding industries. Boston was also an important commercial port and a leading center of foreign commerce. Agriculture was important, but productivity of the rocky soil was limited, and by the mid-1800s, farming could not sustain the expanding population. The opening of the Erie Canal, and subsequent competition with cheaper produce grown in the West, hastened agriculture's decline in the Bay State.

Massachusetts's rise as a center of manufacturing began in the early 1800s, when cottage industries developed in small farming communities. Large factories were then built in towns with water power. The country's first "company town," Lowell, was built in the early 1820s to accommodate the state's growing textile industry. Throughout the rest of the 19th century, the state supplied the nation with most of its shoes and woven goods.

Underbid by cheap labor in the south and in other countries, the shoe and textile industries died a slow and painful death. Manufacturing remained central to Massachusetts's economy, however. Fueled in part by a dramatic increase in the Pentagon's budget during the Reagan administration which focused on high-technology weaponry, as well as by significant advances in information technology, high-tech companies sprung up around the periphery of Boston in the 1970s and early 1980s. Wholesale and retail trade, transportation and public utilities also prospered. In the late 1980s, the boom ended. The minicomputer industry failed to innovate at the same pace as its competitors elsewhere at the same time that the market became increasingly crowded, and defense contractors suffered from cuts in military spending. Between 1988 and 1991, jobs in both high-tech and non-high tech manufacturing declined by 17%. The early 1980s also saw the rise of speculative real estate ventures which collapsed at the end of the decade when the market became saturated. Employment in construction dropped 44% between 1988 and 1991, and real estate jobs declined 23.8%. Wholesale and retail trade lost 100,000 jobs. Hurt by unsound loans, banks were forced to retrench. Unemployment rose to 9% in 1991.

The economy recovered in the 1990s, as evidenced by several banks' announcement of new lending programs as well as a reduction in the unemployment rate to 4% by 1997. Annual growth rates soared to 7.8% in 1998,6.8% in 1999 and 9.8% in 2000 as Massachusetts benefited from information technology (IT) and stock market booms of the late 1990s. However, in the collapse of the dot.com bubble in the national recession of 2001, Massachusetts was the hardest hit among the New England economies, as growth abruptly plummeted to 1.7% in 2001. Continued weakness in national business investment and in equity markets continued to impede economic growth in Massachusetts in 2002.

Massachusetts's gross state product (GSP) in 2004 totaled $317.798 billion, of which real estate accounted for the largest portion at $43.439 billion or 13.6% of GSP, followed by manufacturing (durable and nondurable goods) at $34.912 billion (10.9% of GSP), and healthcare and social assistance at $26.353 billion (8.2% of GSP). In that same year, there were an estimated 599,389 small businesses in Massachusetts. Of the 178,752 businesses that had employees, a total of 175,217 or 98% were small companies. An estimated 18,822 new businesses were established in the state in 2004, down 0.9% from the year before. Business terminations that same year came to 20,270, down 7.3% from 2003. There were 315 business bankruptcies in 2004, down 20.5% from the previous year. In 2005, the state's personal bankruptcy (Chapter 7 and Chapter 13) filing rate was 278 filings per 100,000 people, ranking Massachusetts as the 50th highest in the nation.

INCOME

In 2005 Massachusetts had a gross state product (GSP) of $329 billion which accounted for 2.6% of the nation's gross domestic product and placed the state at number 13 in highest GSP among the 50 states and the District of Columbia.

According to the Bureau of Economic Analysis, in 2004 Massachusetts had a per capita personal income (PCPI) of $42,176. This ranked third in the United States and was 128% of the national average of $33,050. The 1994–2004 average annual growth rate of PCPI was 4.8%. Massachusetts had a total personal income (TPI) of $270,235,901,000, which ranked 11th in the United States and reflected an increase of 5.8% from 2003. The 1994–2004 average annual growth rate of TPI was 5.4%. Earnings of persons employed in Massachusetts increased from $204,746,728,000 in 2003 to $218,451,912,000 in 2004, an increase of 6.7%. The 2003–04 national change was 6.3%.

The US Census Bureau reports that the three-year average median household income for 2002 to 2004 in 2004 dollars was $52,354 compared to a national average of $44,473. During the same period an estimated 9.8% of the population was below the poverty line as compared to 12.4% nationwide.

LABOR

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), in April 2006 the seasonally adjusted civilian labor force in Massachusetts numbered 3,338,600, with approximately 163,900 workers unemployed, yielding an unemployment rate of 4.9%, compared to the national average of 4.7% for the same period. Preliminary data for the same period placed nonfarm employment at 3,218,000. Since the beginning of the BLS data series in 1976, the highest unemployment rate recorded in Massachusetts was 10.9% in January 1976. The historical low was 2.7% in December 2000. Preliminary nonfarm employment data by occupation for April 2006 showed that approximately 4.4% of the labor force was employed in construction; 9.4% in manufacturing; 17.7% in trade, transportation, and public utilities; 6.9% in financial activities; 14.5% in professional and business services; 18.4% in education and health services; 9.1% in leisure and hospitality services; and 12.7% in government.

After the turn of the century, the state suffered a severe decline in manufacturing, and employers sought to cut wages to make up for lost profits. This resulted in a number of strikes by both the United Textile Workers and the Boot and Shoe Workers Union. The largest strike of the era was at Lawrence in 1912, when textile workers (led by a radical labor group, the Industrial Workers of the World) closed the mills, and the mayor called in troops in an attempt to reopen them. Although the textile and shoe businesses are no longer major employers in the state, the United Shoe Workers of America, the Brotherhood of Shoe and Allied Craftsmen, the United Textile Workers, and the Leather Workers International Union of America have their headquarters in Massachusetts.

Massachusetts was one of the first states to enact child labor laws. In 1842, it established the 10-hour day for children under 12. In 1867, it forbade employment for children under 10. The nation's first Uniform Child Labor Law, establishing an 8-hour day for children ages 14 to 16, was enacted by Massachusetts in 1913. Massachusetts was also the first state to enact minimum wage guidelines (1912).

The US Department of Labor's Bureau of Labor Statistics reported that in 2005, a total of 402,000 of Massachusetts' 2,886,000 employed wage and salary workers were formal members of a union. This represented 13.9% of those so employed, up from 13.5% in 2004, and above the national average of 12%. Overall in 2005, a total of 431,000 workers (14.9%) in Massachusetts were covered by a union or employee association contract, which includes those workers who reported no union affiliation. Massachusetts is one of 28 states that does not have a right-to-work law.

As of 1 March 2006, Massachusetts had a state-mandated minimum wage rate of $6.75 per hour. In 2004, women in the state accounted for 48.3% of the employed civilian labor force.

AGRICULTURE

As of 2004, there were 6,100 farms in Massachusetts, covering 520,000 acres (210,000 hectares). Farming was mostly limited to the western Massachusetts counties of Hampshire, Franklin, and Berkshire, and southern Bristol County. Total agricultural income for 2005 was estimated at $390 million (47th of the 50 states), of which crops provided 76%. Although the state is not a major farming area, it is the second-largest producer of cranberries in the United States; production for 2004 was 180,400,000 lb, about 28% of the US total. Output totals for other crops in 2004 were as follows: corn for silage, 374,000 tons; hay, 181,000 tons; and tobacco, 989,000 lb. While of local economic importance, these figures are tiny fractions of US totals.

ANIMAL HUSBANDRY

Massachusetts is not a major producer of livestock. The state had 48,000 cattle and calves worth around $52.8 million in 2005, and an estimated 12,000 hogs and pigs worth $1.3 million in 2004. Also during 2003, poultry farmers sold 863,000 lb (392,000 kg) of chickens, and the state produced an estimated 73 million eggs, worth around $4.8 million. An estimated 19,000 milk cows produced 332 million lb (151 million kg) of milk in 2003. During 2003, the state produced around 1.8 million lb (0.8 million kg) of turkeys worth $2.7 million.

FISHING

The early settlers earned much of their income from the sea. The first shipyard in Massachusetts opened at Salem Neck in 1637 and, during the years before independence, the towns of Salem, Newburyport, Plymouth, and Boston were among the colonies' leading ports. By 1807, Massachusetts's fishing fleet made up 88% of the US total. For much of the 19th century, Nantucket and, later, New Bedford were the leading US whaling centers. But with the decline of the whaling industry came a sharp drop in the importance of fishing to the livelihood of the state. By 1978, the fishing industry ranked 13th in importance of the 15 industries monitored by the state. However, the fishing ports of New Bedford and Gloucester were still among the busiest in the United States in 2004. New Bedford ranked first in the nation in catch value at $206.5 million and seventh in the nation for catch volume at 175.1 million lb (79.6 million kg). Gloucester was 12th in the nation in catch value ($42.7 million) and tenth in volume (113.3 million lb/51.5 million kg).

In 2004, Massachusetts ranked second in the nation for total commercial catch value at $326.1 million. The total catch volume that year was 336.9 million lb (153.1 million kg). The quahog catch of 14.1 million lb (6.4 million kg) was the second largest in the nation. The lobster catch was also the second largest with 11.3 million lb (5.1 million kg) valued at $51.5 million. Massachusetts was the leading producer of sea scallops with 28.1 million lb (12.8 million kg). In 2003, there were 232 fish processing and wholesale plants with an annual average of 4,504 employees in the state. The commercial fleet in 2001 had about 5,235 boats and vessels.

The state's long shoreline and many rivers make sport fishing a popular pastime for both deepsea and freshwater fishermen. The fishing season runs from mid-April through late October, with the season extended through February for bass, pickerel, panfish, and trout. In 2004, there were 203,139 fishing license holders.

FORESTRY

Forestry is a minor industry in the state. Forested lands cover about 3,126,000 acres (1,265,000 hectares), 76% of which are private lands. Wooded areas lost to urbanization in recent years have been offset by the conversion of inactive agricultural areas into forests. Red oak and white ash are found in the west; specialty products include maple syrup and Christmas trees. The wood and paper products industries require more pulp than the state currently produces. Lumber production in 2004 totaled 60 million board ft, 60% hardwood.

Massachusetts has the sixth-largest state park system in the nation, with 38 state parks and 74 state forests totaling some 273,000 acres (110,000 hectares). There are no national forests in Massachusetts.

MINING

According to preliminary data from the US Geological Survey (USGS), the estimated value of nonfuel mineral production by Massachusetts in 2003 was $186 million, a decrease from 2002 of about 4%.

By value, crushed stone, construction sand and gravel, and lime were the state's top three nonfuel mineral commodities in 2003, according to USGS data. Collectively, these commodities accounted for around 94% of the state's nonfuel mineral output, by value. According to preliminary figures for 2003, a total of 13.2 million metric tons of crushed stone, valued at $104 million, were produced, while 11.4 million metric tons of sand and gravel, worth $70.7 million, were produced. Massachusetts in 2003 was also a producer of dimension stone and common clays. Dimension stone output that year totaled 81,000 metric tons and was valued at $10.5 million, while output of common clays totaled 36,000 metric tons and was valued at $321,000, according to the preliminary data. Nationally, the state ranked fifth in dimension stone in 2003.

ENERGY AND POWER

As of 2003, Massachusetts had 69 electrical power service providers, of which 41 were publicly owned, 7 were investor owned, 4 were owners of independent generators that sold directly to customers, 9 were generation-only suppliers, and 8 were delivery-only providers. As of that same year there were 2,927,308 retail customers. Of that total, 2,456,890 received their power from investor-owned service providers. Publically owned providers had 382,808 customers, while 132 were independent generator or "facility" customers. Generation-only suppliers had 87,478 customers. There was no data on the number of delivery-only service customers.

Total net summer generating capability by the state's electrical generating plants in 2003 stood at 13.877 million kW, with total production that same year at 48.385 billion kWh. Of the total amount generated, only 4.2% came from electric utilities, with the remaining 95.8% coming from independent producers and combined heat and power service providers. The largest portion of all electric power generated, 22.423 billion kWh (46.3%), came from natural gas fired plants, with coal-fired plants in second place at 10.896 billion kWh (22.5%) and petroleum fueled plants in third at 7.459 billion kWh (15.4%). Nuclear power accounted for 10.3% of all power generated followed by other renewable power sources and hydroelectric sources.

In 2006, the Pilgrim power plant in Plymouth was Massachusetts' only operating nuclear power plant.

Boston Edison supplies electricity to the city of Boston; the rest of the state is served by 13 other companies, although a few municipalities do generate their own power. Power companies are regulated by the Department of Public Utilities, which establishes rates and monitors complaints from customers.

As of 2004, Massachusetts had no proven reserves of crude oil or coal, although oil exploration off the coast of Cape Cod did take place 1979 following a lengthy court battle. Environmentalists and fishermen had sought to prevent development of an oil industry in the region, which is one of the richest fishing grounds in the country. The state has no refineries.

The state consumes but does not produce natural gas. In 2004 about 373 billion cu ft (10.5 billion cu m) of natural gas were delivered. Slightly more than 30% of the gas sold was for residential use, 54% for industries and electricity generation, and 15% for commercial use.

The state encourages energy conservation and the development of alternative energy systems by granting tax credits to qualifying industries. Private researchers and the state have established demonstration projects for solar energy systems and other alternatives to fossil fuels.

INDUSTRY

Massachusetts was the nation's first major industrial state, and during the later part of the 19th century, it was the US leader in shoemaking and textile production. By 1860, the state was a major producer of machinery and milled nearly one-fourth of the country's paper.

Massachusetts remains an important manufacturing center. Nearly all the major manufacturing sectors had plants in Massachusetts's eastern counties. Significant concentrations of industrial machinery employment are in Attleboro, Wilmington, Worcester, and the Springfield area. Much of the manufacturing industry is located along Route 128, a superhighway that circles Boston from Gloucester in the north to Quincy in the south and is unique in its concentration of high-technology enterprises. Massachusetts's future as a manufacturing center depends on its continued preeminence in the production of computers, optical equipment, and other sophisticated instruments.

According to the US Census Bureau's Annual Survey of Manufactures (ASM) for 2004, Massachusetts' manufacturing sector covered some 20 product subsectors. The shipment value of all products manufactured in the state that same year was $76.538 billion. Of that total, computer and electronic product manufacturing accounted for the largest share at $20.757 billion. It was followed by chemical manufacturing at $9.254 billion; miscellaneous manufacturing at $6.437 billion; food manufacturing at $6.053 billion; and fabricated metal product manufacturing at $5.823 billion.

In 2004, a total of 302,263 people in Massachusetts were employed in the state's manufacturing sector, according to the ASM. Of that total, 179,747 were actual production workers. In terms of total employment, the computer and electronic product manufacturing industry accounted for the largest portion of all manufacturing employees at 58,806, with 25,353 actual production workers. It was followed by fabricated metal product manufacturing at 34,054 employees (24,028 actual production workers); miscellaneous manufacturing at 31,425 employees (19,006 actual production workers); machinery manufacturing at 23,887 employees (13,294 actual production workers); chemical manufacturing at 23,305 employees (10,354 actual production workers); and food manufacturing with 21,120 employees (13,743 actual production workers).

ASM data for 2004 showed that Massachusetts' manufacturing sector paid $14.895 billion in wages. Of that amount, the computer and electronic product manufacturing sector accounted for the largest share at $3.766 billion. It was followed by fabricated metal product manufacturing at $1.528 billion; chemical manufacturing at $1.501 billion; miscellaneous manufacturing at $1.354 billion; and machinery manufacturing at $1.327 billion.

COMMERCE

Massachusetts's machinery and electrical goods industries are important components of the state's wholesale trade, along with motor vehicle and automotive equipment, and paper and paper products. According to the 2002 Census of Wholesale Trade, Massachusetts' wholesale trade sector had sales that year totaling $127.1 billion from 9,333 establishments. Wholesalers of durable goods accounted for 5,546 establishments, followed by nondurable goods wholesalers at 2,826 and electronic markets, agents, and brokers accounting for 961 establishments. Sales by durable goods wholesalers in 2002 totaled $52.1 billion, while wholesalers of nondurable goods saw sales of $55.1 billion. Electronic markets, agents, and brokers in the wholesale trade industry had sales of $19.8 billion.

In the 2002 Census of Retail Trade, Massachusetts was listed as having 25,761 retail establishments with sales of $73.9 billion. The leading types of retail businesses by number of establishments were: food and beverage stores (4,529); clothing and clothing accessories stores (3,764); miscellaneous store retailers (2,979); and gasoline stations (2,333). In terms of sales, motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts dealers accounted for the largest share of retail sales at $17.6 billion, followed by food and beverage stores at $13.7 billion; general merchandise stores at $7.1 billion; and building material/garden equipment and supplies dealers $6.1 billion. A total of 359,149 people were employed by the retail sector in Massachusetts that year.

Exporters located in Massachusetts exported $22.04 billion in merchandise during 2005, ranking 10th in the nation.

CONSUMER PROTECTION

Consumer protection in Massachusetts is handled by two state entities: the Executive Office of Consumer Affairs and Business Regulation, which serves as an information and referral center for consumer complaints and oversees the activities of many of the state's regulatory agencies; and the Office of the Attorney General which has a Consumer Protection and Antitrust Division that handles consumer complaints either through litigation or nine face-to-face mediation programs. The Massachusetts Consumer Council also advises the governor and legislature and there are many local consumer councils.

When dealing with consumer protection issues, the state's Attorney General's Office can initiate civil and criminal proceedings; represent the state before state and federal regulatory agencies; administer consumer protection and education programs; handle formal consumer complaints; and exercise broad subpoena powers. In antitrust actions, the Attorney General's office can act on behalf of those consumers who are incapable of acting on their own; initiate damage actions on behalf of the state in state courts; initiate criminal proceedings; and represent counties, cities and other governmental entities in recovering civil damages under state or federal law.

The Executive Office of Consumer Affairs and Business Regulation and the Attorney General Office's Consumer Protection and Antitrust Division are both located in Boston. The Attorney General's Office also has regional offices in New Bedford, Springfield and Worcester. County government consumer affairs offices are located in Greenfield, Northampton, Pittsfield, Quincy, Worcester, Boston, Cambridge, Fall River, Haverhill, Hyannis, Lawrence, Lowell, Medford, Natick, Newton, North Weymouth, Plymouth, Revere, Springfield and Waltham.

BANKING

By the mid-1800s, Boston had developed into a major banking center whose capital financed the state's burgeoning industries. As of 2005 banking remained an important sector of the state's economy.

As of June 2005, Massachusetts had 195 insured banks, savings and loans, and saving banks, plus 103 state-chartered and 149 federally chartered credit unions (CUs). Excluding the CUs, the Boston-Cambridge-Quincy market area accounted for the largest portion of the state's financial institutions and deposits in 2004, with 154 institutions and $141.035 billion in deposits. As of June 2005, CUs accounted for 8.8% of all assets held by all financial institutions in the state, or some $22.128 billion. Banks, savings and loans, and savings banks collectively accounted for the remaining 91.2% or $230.670 billion in assets held.

State chartered savings banks, trust companies, co-operative banks, credit unions, and other financial service providers, including mortgage lenders and brokers, debt collection agencies, foreign transmittal agencies, check cashers, and credit grantors, are regulated by the state's Division of Banks, within the Office of Consumer Affairs and Business Regulation. The division administers the state's banking laws and oversees bank and financial institution practices and policies.

In 2004, the median percentage of past-due/nonaccrual loans to total loans stood at 0.60%, down from 0.70% in 2003. In that same year, the median net interest margin (the difference between the lower rates offered to savers and the higher rates charged on loans) for the state's insured institutions stood at 3.50%, down from 3.54% in 2003. Around 82% of insured institutions headquartered in Massachusetts are savings institutions, and residential real estate loans make up some 65% of the average loan portfolio.

INSURANCE

Insurance is an important business in Massachusetts, and some of the largest life and property and casualty insurance companies in the nation have their headquarters in Boston.

In 2004 there were over 3.1 million individual life insurance policies in force with a total value of over $349 billion; total value for all categories of life insurance (individual, group, and credit) was about $571 billion. The average coverage amount is $111,700 per policy holder. Death benefits paid that year totaled at over $1.2 billion.

As of 2003, there were 55 property and casualty and 19 life and health insurance companies domiciled in the state. In 2004, direct premiums for property and casualty insurance totaled $11.8 billion. That year, there were 40,473 flood insurance policies in force in the state, with a total value of $7.1 billion. About $39 billion of coverage was held through FAIR plans, which are designed to offer coverage for some natural circumstances, such as wind and hail, in high risk areas.

On 4 April 2006, the Massachusetts legislature approved a bill designed to make the purchase of health insurance a requirement for all state residents by 1 July 2007. The governor accepted most of the bill into law on 13 April. Under the terms of the bill, government subsidies will be available to assist low-income residents and employers with 11 employees or more may be required to either provide coverage for their workers or to pay an annual per employee fee to the government. Beginning in January 2008, residents could be required to report information concerning their health insurance policy on their state income tax return. Those who do not provide such proof of coverage may lose their personal state tax exemption and face penalties of up to half the cost of the lowest priced insurance policy. This bill, the first such legislation in the United States, is designed to address the issue of paying for the health care for over 500,000 of uninsured and underinsured residents.

In 2004, 60% of state residents held employment-based health insurance policies, 4% held individual policies, and 25% were covered under Medicare and Medicaid; 11% of residents were uninsured. In 2003, employee contributions for employment-based health coverage averaged at 20% for single coverage and 24% for family coverage. The state offers an 18-month health benefits expansion program for small-firm employees in connection with the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (COBRA, 1986), a health insurance program for those who lose employment-based coverage due to termination or reduction of work hours.

In 2003, there were over 4.1 million auto insurance policies in effect for private passenger cars. Required minimum coverage includes bodily injury liability of up to $20,000 per individual and $40,000 for all persons injured in an accident, as well as property damage liability of $5,000. Personal injury protection and uninsured motorist coverage are also mandatory. In 2003, the average expenditure per vehicle for insurance coverage was $1,051.60, which ranked as the fourth-highest average in the nation (after New Jersey, New York, and the District of Columbia).

New England Mutual Life Insurance Co. of Boston was the first mutual company to be chartered in the United States and remains one of the largest firms in the business. John Hancock Mutual Life, also of Boston, is one of the largest life insurance companies in the United States.

All aspects of the insurance business in Massachusetts, including the licensing of agents, and brokers and the examination of all insurance companies doing business in the state, are controlled by the Division of Insurance, under the Executive Office of Consumer Affairs and Business Regulation.

SECURITIES

The Boston Stock Exchange, founded in 1834, is the only stock exchange in Massachusetts. The BSE has approximately 200 members, handles over 2,000 stocks, and is the fastest-growing stock exchange in the United States (increasing trade volume tenfold during the 1990s). In 2005, there were 7,070 securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents employed in the state. In 2004, there were over 468 publicly traded companies within the state, with over 235 NASDAQ companies, 101 NYSE listings, and 64 AMEX listings. In 2006, the state had nine Fortune 500 companies; Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance (based in Springfield) ranked first in the state and 92nd in the nation with revenues of over $22.7 billion, followed by Raytheon (Waltham), Liberty Mutual Insurance Group (Boston), Staples (Framingham), and TJX Companies (Framingham). Staples is listed on NASDAQ while the other four companies are on the NYSE.

The Securities Division of the Office of the Secretary of the Commonwealth is responsible for licensing and monitoring all brokerage firms in the state.

PUBLIC FINANCE

The Massachusetts budget is prepared by the Executive Office of Administration and Finance and is presented by the governor to the legislature for revision and approval. The fiscal year (FY) runs from 1 July to 30 June.

Fiscal year 2006 general funds were estimated at $28.1 billion for resources and $25.5 billion for expenditures. In fiscal year 2004, federal government grants to Massachusetts were $13.8 billion.

In 5 January 2006 the Bush administration released $100 million in emergency contingency funds targeted to the areas with the greatest need, including $4.7 million for Massachusetts.

TAXATION

In 2005, Massachusetts collected $18,015 million in tax revenues or $2,815 per capita, which placed it seventh among the 50 states in per capita tax burden. The national average was $2,192 per capita. Sales taxes accounted for 21.6% of the total, selective sales taxes 10.5%, individual income taxes 53.8%, corporate income taxes 7.4%, and other taxes 6.7%.

As of 1 January 2006, Massachusetts had a single individual income tax bracket of 5.3%. The state taxes corporations at a flat rate of 9.5%.

In 2004, state and local property taxes amounted to $9,814,315,000 or $1,532 per capita. The per capita amount ranks the state seventh-highest nationally. Local governments collected $9,814,264,000 of the total and the state government $51,000.

Massachusetts taxes retail sales at a rate of 5%. Food purchased for consumption off-premises is tax exempt. The tax on cigarettes is 151 cents per pack, which ranks eighth among the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Massachusetts taxes gasoline at 21 cents per gallon. This is in addition to the 18.4 cents per gallon federal tax on gasoline.

According to the Tax Foundation, for every federal tax dollar sent to Washington in 2004, Massachusetts citizens received $0.77 in federal spending.

ECONOMIC POLICY

The Executive Office of Economic Development is responsible for setting economic policy, promoting Massachusetts as a place to do business, increasing the job base, and generating economic activity in the Commonwealth.

The following agencies are within the Executive Office of Economic Development: Department of Business and Technology; Office of Consumer Affairs and Business Regulation; Department of Labor; and Department of Workforce Development. Other agencies addressing issues of economic development are: the Massachusetts Development Finance Agency (Mass Development); the Massachusetts Alliance for Economic Development; the Workforce Training Fund; the Massachusetts Office of International Trade and Investment; the Massachusetts Technology Collaborative, the Massachusetts Technology Development Corp., and the Department of Housing and Community Development.

Throughout most of the 1990's and up to 2002, the state economic development plan was guided by the 1993 report entitled "Choosing to Compete: A Statewide Strategy for Economic Growth and Job Creation." The Massachusetts Economic Development Incentive Program (EDIP), launched in 1993, was a series of initiatives geared to stimulate job creation, attract new businesses, and help firms expand. There were 34 Economic Target Areas (ETAs) throughout the state. Cities and towns, in partnership with the Commonwealth and private enterprises, also developed economic programs to attract new business. In 2002, building on what was seen as the success of the Choosing to Compete campaign, the former Department of Economic Development issued a new framework entitled "Toward a New Prosperity: Building Regional Competitiveness Across the Commonwealth." The approach divides the state economy into seven regional clusters, each with unique developmental needs and potentials. Six overall goals were stated: to improve the business climate for all business clusters; to support entrepreneurship and innovation; to prepare the workforce for the future; to build an information infrastructure for the 21st century; to ensure that economic growth is compatible with communities and the environment, and to the improve the outcome from government actions.

HEALTH

The infant mortality rate in October 2005 was estimated at 5 per 1,000 live births. The birth rate in 2003 was 12.5 per 1,000 population. The abortion rate stood at 21.4 per 1,000 women in 2000. In 2003, about 90% of pregnant woman received prenatal care beginning in the first trimester. In 2004, approximately 89% of children received routine immunizations before the age of three.

The crude death rate in 2003 was 8.8 deaths per 1,000 population. As of 2002, the death rates for major causes of death (per 100,000 resident population) were: heart disease, 229.3; cancer, 216.5; cerebrovascular diseases, 55.4; chronic lower respiratory diseases, 42.7; and diabetes, 22.1. The mortality rate from HIV infection was 3.6 per 100,000 population. In 2004, the reported AIDS case rate was at about 8.8 per 100,000 population. In 2002, about 51.3% of the population was considered overweight or obese, representing the lowest percentage among the 50 states. As of 2004, about 18.4% of state residents were smokers.

Massachusetts—State Government Finances
(Dollar amounts in thousands. Per capita amounts in dollars.)
	AMOUNT	PER CAPITA
Abbreviations and symbols:—zero or rounds to zero; (NA) not available; (X) not applicable.
source: U.S. Census Bureau, Governments Division, 2004 Survey of State Government Finances, January 2006.
Total Revenue	41,615,765	6,495.36
General revenue	32,979,924	5,147.48
Intergovernmental revenue	8,997,317	1,404.29
Taxes	16,839,243	2,628.26
General sales	3,743,204	584.24
Selective sales	1,859,410	290.22
License taxes	664,556	103.72
Individual income tax	8,830,334	1,378.23
Corporate income tax	1,301,076	203.07
Other taxes	440,663	68.78
Current charges	2,594,314	404.92
Miscellaneous general revenue	4,549,050	710.01
Utility revenue	130,376	20.35
Liquor store revenue	-	-
Insurance trust revenue	8,505,465	1,327.53
Total expenditure	38,405,514	5,994.31
Intergovernmental expenditure	6,202,583	968.09
Direc expenditure	32,202,931	5,026.21
Current operation	20,238,600	3,158.83
Capital outlay	4,317,975	673.95
Insurance benefits and repayments	4,318,252	673.99
Assistance and subsidies	702,842	109.70
Interest on debt	2,625,262	409.75
Exhibit: Salaries and wages	4,117,062	642.59
Total expenditure	38,405,514	5,994.31
General expenditure	33,646,572	5,251.53
Intergovernmental expenditure	6,202,583	968.09
Direct expenditure	27,443,989	4,283.44
General expenditures, by function:
Education	7,580,759	1,183.20
Public welfare	10,552,819	1,647.08
Hospitals	414,685	64.72
Health	686,758	107.19
Highways	3,015,459	470.65
Police protection	407,951	63.67
Correction	972,276	151.75
Natural resources	272,138	42.48
Parks and recreation	305,471	47.68
Government administration	1,389,776	216.92
Interest on general debt	2,566,137	400.52
Other and unallocable	5,482,343	855.68
Utility expenditure	440,690	68.78
Liquor store expenditure	-	-
Insurance trust expenditure	4,318,252	673.99
Debt at end of fiscal year	50,981,152	7,957.10
Cash and security holdings	65,110,609	10,162.42

Programs for treatment and rehabilitation of alcoholics are administered by the Division of Alcoholism of the Department of Health, under the Executive Office of Human Services. The Division of Communicable Disease Control operates venereal disease clinics throughout the state and provides educational material to schools and other groups. The Division of Drug Rehabilitation administers drug treatment from a statewide network of hospital agencies and self-help groups. The state also runs a lead-poisoning prevention program. In Massachusetts, all health-care facilities are registered by the Department of Public Health. The Division of Health Care Quality inspects and licenses hospitals, clinics, school infirmaries, and blood banks every two years. Licensing of nursing homes is also under its control.

In 2003, Massachusetts had 79 community hospitals with about 16,000 beds. There were about 785,000 patient admissions that year and 19.6 million outpatient visits. The average daily inpatient census was about 11,900 patients. The average cost per day for hospital care was $1,631. Also in 2003, there were about 478 certified nursing facilities in the state with 52,323 beds and an overall occupancy rate of about 89.8%. In 2004, it was estimated that about 79.5% of all state residents had received some type of dental care within the year; this was the third-highest dental care percentage in country (after Connecticut and Minnesota). Massachusetts had 451 physicians per 100,000 resident population in 2004 and 1,201 nurses per 100,000 in 2005; these rates some of the highest healthcare worker-population rates in the nation. In 2004, there were a total of 5,143 dentists in the state.

Four prominent medical schools are located in the state: Harvard Medical School, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, and the University of Massachusetts School of Medicine. In 2005, Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston ranked third on the Honor Roll of Best Hospitals 2005 by U.S. News & World Report. In the same report, it ranked fifth in the nation for care of heart disease and heart surgery and twelfth for care of cancer. Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston ranked twelfth on the Honor Roll and sixth for best care in heart disease and heart surgery. The Children's Hospital Boston was ranked as second in the nation for best pediatric care. The Dana-Farber Cancer Institute in Boston was ranked fourth in the nation for cancer care.

About 25% of state residents were enrolled in Medicaid and Medicare programs in 2004. Approximately 11% of the state population was uninsured in 2004. In 2003, state health care expenditures totaled $7.7 million.

SOCIAL WELFARE

In 2004, about 239,000 people received unemployment benefits, with the average weekly unemployment benefit at $351. In fiscal year 2005, the estimated average monthly participation in the food stamp program included about 368,122 persons (176,121 households); the average monthly benefit was about $82.18 per person. That year, the total of benefits paid through the state for the food stamp program was about $363 million.

Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF), the system of federal welfare assistance that officially replaced Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) in 1997, was reauthorized through the Deficit Reduction Act of 2005. TANF is funded through federal block grants that are divided among the states based on an equation involving the number of recipients in each state. The Massachusetts TANF cash assistance program is called Transitional Aid to Families with Dependent Children (TAFDC), and the work program is called the Employment Services Program (ESP). In 2004, the state program had 108,000 recipients; state and federal expenditures on this TANF program totaled $355 million in fiscal year 2003.

In December 2004, Social Security benefits were paid to 1,066,620 Massachusetts residents. This number included 692,260 retired workers, 96,030 widows and widowers, 146,990 disabled workers, 47,430 spouses, and 83,910 children. Social Security beneficiaries represented 16.6% of the total state population and 90.7% of the state's population age 65 and older. Retired workers received an average monthly payment of $961; widows and widowers, $933; disabled workers, $883; and spouses, $483. Payments for children of retired workers averaged $480 per month; children of deceased workers, $677; and children of disabled workers, $266. Federal Supplemental Security Income payments in December 2004 went to 169,205 Massachusetts residents, averaging $438 a month.

HOUSING

Massachusetts's housing stock, much older than the US average, reflects the state's colonial heritage and its ties to English architectural traditions. Two major styles are common: colonial, typified by a wood frame, two stories, center hall entry, and center chimney; and Cape Cod, one-story houses built by fishermen, typified by shallow basements, shingled roofs, clapboard fronts, and unpainted shingled sides weathered gray by the salt air. Many new houses are also built in these styles.

As of 2004, there were an estimated 2,672,061 housing units in the state, of which 2,435,421 were occupied; 64.6% were owner-occupied. About 52.5% of all housing units were single-family, detached homes. About 37.1% of all units were built before or during 1939. Nearly 42% of all units rely on utility gas for heating and 33.6% use fuel oil or kerosene. It was estimated that 50,724 units lacked telephone service, 7,775 lacked complete plumbing facilities, and 10,402 lacked complete kitchen facilities. The average household had 2.55 members.

In 2004, 22,500 new housing units were authorized for construction. The median home value was $331,200, the fourth highest in the United States. The median monthly cost for mortgage owners was $1,645. Renters paid a median of $852 per month. In 2006, the state received over $34.3 million in community development block grants from the US Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). The city of Boston received over $20.9 million in community development block grants.

The Executive Office of Communities and Development administers federal housing programs for the state. The Massachusetts Housing Finance Agency finances the construction and rehabilitation of housing by private and community groups.

EDUCATION

Massachusetts has a long history of support for education. The Boston Latin School opened in 1635 as the first public school in the colonies. Harvard College—the first college in the United States—was founded the following year. In 1647, for the first time, towns with more than 50 people were required by law to establish tax-supported school systems. More firsts followed: the country's first board of education, compulsory school attendance law, train-ing school for teachers, state school for the retarded, and school for the blind. The drive for quality public education in the state was intensified through the efforts of educator Horace Mann, who during the 1830s and 1840s was also a leading force for the improvement of school systems throughout the United States.

In 2004, 86.9% of state residents age 25 or older were high school graduates, and 36.7% had completed four or more years of college. Total public school enrollment for fall 2002 stood at 983,000. Of these, 701,000 attended schools from kindergarten through grade eight, and 282,000 attended high school. Approximately 74.6% of the students were white, 8.8% were black, 11.5% were Hispanic, 4.7% were Asian/Pacific Islander, and 0.3% were American Indian/Alaskan Native. Total enrollment was estimated at 978,000 in fall 2003 and was expected to be 919,000 by fall 2014, a decline of 6.5% during the period 2002 to 2014. Expenditures for public education in 2003/04 were estimated at $11.7 billion or $10,693 per student, the sixth-highest among the 50 states. Since 1969, the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) has tested public school students nationwide. The resulting report, The Nation's Report Card, stated that in 2005 eighth graders in Massachusetts scored 292 out of 500 in mathematics compared with the national average of 278.

The early years of statehood saw the development of private academies, where the students could learn more than the basic reading and writing skills that were taught in the town schools at the time. Some of these private preparatory schools remain, including such prestigious institutions as Andover, Deerfield, and Groton. In fall 2003 there were 134,708 students enrolled in 688 private schools.

As of fall 2002, there were 431,224 students enrolled in college or graduate school; minority students comprised 20.4% of total postsecondary enrollment. In 2005 Massachusetts had 122 degree-granting institutions. The major public university system is the University of Massachusetts, with campuses at Amherst, Boston, Dartmouth, and Lowell, and a medical school at Worcester. The Amherst campus was established in 1863, and the Boston campus in 1965. The state has a total of 15 public colleges and universities, while the Massachusetts Board of Regional Community Colleges has 16 campuses.

Harvard University, which was established in Cambridge originally as a college for clergymen and magistrates, has grown to become one of the country's premier institutions. Also located in Cambridge are Radcliffe College (whose enrollment is included in Harvard's), founded in 1879, and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, or MIT (1861). Mount Holyoke College, the first US college for women, was founded in 1837. Other prominent private schools and their dates of origin are Amherst College (1821); Boston College (1863); Boston University (1869); Brandeis University (1947); Clark University (1887); Hampshire College (1965); the New England Conservatory of Music (1867); Northeastern University (1898); Smith College (1871); Tufts University (1852); Wellesley College (1875); and Williams College (1793).

Among the tuition assistance programs available to state residents are the Massachusetts General Scholarships, awarded to thousands of college students annually, and Massachusetts Honor Scholarships, for outstanding performance on the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT). The State Board of Education establishes standards and policies for the public schools throughout the state; its programs are administered by the Department of Education. Higher education planning and programs are under the control of the Higher Education Coordinating Council.

The landmark Education Reform Act of 1993 established new systems of financial support for public elementary and secondary schools and instituted major reforms in governance, professional development, student educational goals, curricula, and assessments.

ARTS

Boston is the center of artistic activity in Massachusetts, and Cape Cod and the Berkshires are areas of significant seasonal artistic activity. In 1979, Massachusetts became the first state to establish a lottery solely for funding the arts. Boston is the home of several small theaters, some of which offer previews of shows bound for Broadway. Well-known local theater companies include the American Repertory Theatre and the Huntington Theatre. The 2006/07 season marked the Huntington Theatre's 25th anniversary; productions that season included the pre-Broadway, Radio Golf and the world premiere, Mauritius. Of the regional theaters scattered throughout the state, the Williamstown Theater in the Berkshires and the Provincetown Theater on Cape Cod are especially noteworthy.

The Boston Symphony, one of the major orchestras in the United States, was founded in 1881, and its principal conductors have included Serge Koussevitzky, Charles Munch, Erich Leinsdorf, and Seiji Ozawa. Emmanuel Church in Boston's Back Bay is known for its early music concerts, and chamber music by first-rate local and internationally known performers is presented at the New England Conservatory's Jordan Hall and other venues throughout the city. During the summer, the Boston Symphony is the main attraction of the Berkshire Music Festival at Tangle-wood in Lenox. An offshoot of the Boston Symphony, the Boston Pops Orchestra, gained fame under the conductorship of Arthur Fiedler. Its mixture of popular, jazz, and light symphonic music continued under the direction of Fiedler's successors, John Williams and Keith Lockhart. As of the 2006, Lockhart still presided over the Boston Pops as director and opened the season with a performance featuring Elvis Costello. Boston is also the headquarters of the Boston Lyric Opera. Prominent in the world of dance are the Boston Ballet Company and the Jacob's Pillow Dance Festival in the Berkshires. Ploughshares, a literary journal published through Emerson College in Boston, has become well known nationally as a showplace for new writers.

The Massachusetts Cultural Council provides grants and services to support public programs in the arts, sciences, and the humanities. Grants are made to organizations, schools, communities and artists. In 2005, the Massachusetts Cultural Council and other arts organizations received 87 grants totaling $4,587,600 from the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA). The Massachusetts Foundation for the Humanities was founded in 1974. The foundation offers unique traveling seminars; the 2005 "Saudades de Portugal" seminar provided the opportunity to travel to Portugal. In 2005, the National Endowment for the Humanities contributed $7,502,287 to 79 state programs.

LIBRARIES AND MUSEUMS

The first public library in the United States was established in Boston in 1653. Massachusetts has one of the most important university libraries in the country, and numerous museums and historical sites commemorate the state's rich colonial history. For the fiscal year ending in June 2001, Massachusetts had 371 public library systems, with a total of 490 libraries, of which 119 were branches. The system served 351 towns and cities, and had 30,465,000 volumes of books and serial publications on its shelves, with a total circulation of 45,803,000 in that same year. The system also had 858,000 audio and 742,000 video items, 39,000 electronic format items (CD-ROMs, magnetic tapes, and disks), and 10 bookmobiles. The major city libraries are in Boston, Worcester, and Springfield. In fiscal year 2001, operating income for the state's public libraries was $220,510,000 including $1,107,000 in federal grants and $20,725,000 in state grants.

The Boston Athenaeum, with 650,000 volumes, is the most noteworthy private library in the state. The American Antiquarian Society in Worcester has a 690,000-volume research library of original source material dating from colonial times to 1876.

Harvard University's library system is one of the largest in the world, with 14,311,152 volumes in 1999. Other major academic libraries are those of Boston University, the University of Massachusetts (Amherst), Smith College, and Boston College.

Boston houses a number of important museums, among them the Museum of Fine Arts with vast holdings of artwork including extensive Far East and French impressionists collections and American art and furniture, the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum, the Museum of Science, the Massachusetts Historical Society, and the Children's Museum. Harvard University's museums include the Fogg Art Museum, the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, the Museum of Comparative Zoology, and the Botanical Museum. Other museums of note are the Whaling Museum in New Bedford, the Essex Institute in Salem, the Worcester Art Museum, the Clark Art Institute in Williamstown, the Bunker Hill Museum near Boston, and the National Basketball Hall of Fame in Springfield. In addition, many towns have their own historical societies and museums, including Historic Deerfield, Framingham Historical and Natural History Society, Ipswich Historical Society, Lexington Historical Society, and Marblehead Historical Society. Plymouth Plantation in Plymouth is a recreation of life in the 17th century, and Old Sturbridge Village, a working historical farm, displays 18th- and 19th-century artifacts. The state had over 344 museums in 2000.

COMMUNICATIONS

The first American post office was established in Boston in 1639. Alexander Graham Bell first demonstrated the telephone in 1876 in Boston. As of 2004, 93.4% of the state's occupied housing units had telephones. In addition, by June of that same year there were 3,919,139 mobile wireless telephone subscribers. In 2003, 64.1% of Massachusetts households had a computer and 58.1% had Internet access. By June 2005, there were 1,235,672 high-speed lines in Massachusetts, 1,123,606 residential and 112,066 for business.

The state had 32 major AM stations and 64 major FM stations in 2005, when 10 major television stations were also in operation. In Boston, WGBH is a major producer of programming for the Public Broadcasting Service. In 1999, the Boston metropolitan area had 2,210,580 television-owning households, 80% of which received cable (the second-highest penetration rate for any city).

In 2000, Massachusetts had 239,358 Internet domain name registrations, ranking seventh among all the states.

PRESS

Milestones in US publishing history that occurred in the state include the first book printed in the English colonies (Cambridge, 1640), the first regularly issued American newspaper, the Boston News-Letter (1704), and the first published American novel, William Hill Brown's The Power of Sympathy (Worcester, 1789). During the mid-1840s, two noted literary publications made their debut, the North American Review and the Dial, the latter under the editorial direction of Ralph Waldo Emerson and Margaret Fuller. The Atlantic, which began publishing in 1857, Harvard Law Review, Harvard Business Review, and New England Journal of Medicine are other influential publications.

As of 2005 there were 32 daily newspapers in the state (including 14 morning, 18 evening) and 16 papers with Sunday editions. The Boston Globe, the most widely read newspaper in the state, has won numerous awards for journalistic excellence on the local and national levels. The Christian Science Monitor is highly respected for its coverage of national and international news.

Major daily newspapers and their average circulations in 2005 were:

AREA	NAME	DAILY	SUNDAY
Boston	Christian Science Monitor (m)	60,723
	Globe (m,S)	451,471	707,813
	Herald (m,S)	240,759	152,813
Hyannis	Cape Cod Times (m,S)	50,896	60,004
Worcester	Telegram & Gazette (m,S)	103,113	121,437

Massachusetts is also a center of book publishing, with more than 100 publishing houses. Among them are Little, Brown and Co.; Houghton Mifflin; Merriam-Webster; and Harvard University Press.

ORGANIZATIONS

In 2006, there were over 10,485 nonprofit organizations registered within the state, of which about 7,701 were registered as charitable, educational, or religious organizations.

Headquartered in Massachusetts are the National Association of Independent Schools, the National Commission for Cooperative Education, both in Boston, and the National Bureau of Economic Research in Cambridge. The Union of Concerned Scientists in Cambridge and the International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War in Boston—recipient of the 1985 Nobel Peace Prize—are major public affairs associations based in the state.

Academic and scientific organizations headquartered in Boston include the American Meteorological Society, American Society of Law and Medicine, American Surgical Association, the Visiting Nurse Associations of America and Optometric Research Institute. The American Academy of Arts and Sciences is located in Cambridge. Other education and research organizations with national scope and membership include the Albert Einstein Institution, the Albert Schweitzer Fellowship, the Bostonian Society, the Plymouth Rock Foundation, the Thoreau Society, and the Titan-ic Historical Society. There are numerous municipal and regional historical, preservations, and arts organizations.

Among the many professional, business, and consumer organizations based in Massachusetts are the American Institute of Management and the International Brotherhood of Police Officers in Quincy; the Wood Products Manufacturers Association in Gardner; and the National Consumer Law Center, Northern Textile Association, and Wool Manufacturers Council in Boston.

The national Organic Trade Association is based in Greenfield and the Cranberry Institute is in East Wareham. Local environmental groups include the Association to Preserve Cape Cod, the Boston Harbor Association, the Nantucket Conservation Foundation, a few chapters of Trout Unlimited.

Oxfam-America, the US affiliate of the international humanitarian relief agency, is located in Boston. Students Against Destructive Decisions/Students Against Drunk Driving (SADD) is based in Marlborough. The Christian Science Publishing Society, which publishes the Christian Science Monitor, is located in Boston. The Unitarian Universalist Association of Congregations, a major body of the Unitarian Church, is also based in Boston.

Major sports associations in the state are the Eastern College Athletic Conference in Centerville and the American Hockey League in Springfield.

TOURISM, TRAVEL, AND RECREATION

In 2004, there were over 31.2 million travelers to and within the state. There were 1.4 million international visitors to the state, with Canada and the United Kingdom being the largest markets. About 20% of all tourist activity involves residents traveling within the state. The travel industry supports over 125,300 jobs with a payroll of $3.2 billion.

A trip to Boston might include visits to such old landmarks as the Old North Church, the USS Constitution, and Paul Revere's House, and such newer attractions as the John Hancock Observatory, the skywalk above the Prudential Tower, Quincy Market, Faneuil Hall, and Copley Place. Boston Common, one of the oldest public parks in the country, is the most noteworthy municipal park. The well-marked Freedom Trail takes visitors on a walking and driving tour of historical sites, including the cities of Lexington and Concord.

About 19% of all trips are made to Cape Cod (Barnstable County). Among its many attractions are beaches, fishing, good dining spots, several artists' colonies with arts and crafts fairs, antique shops, and summer theaters. Beaches, fishing, and quaint villages are also the charms of Nantucket Island and Martha's Vineyard.

The Berkshires are the summer home of the Berkshire Music Festival at Tanglewood and the Jacob's Pillow Dance Festival in Lee, and during the winter also provide recreation for cross-country and downhill skiers. Essex County on the North Shore of Massachusetts Bay offers many seaside towns and the art colony of Rockport. Its main city, Salem, contains the Witch House and Museum as well as Nathaniel Hawthorne's House of Seven Gables. Middlesex County, to the west of Boston, holds the university city of Cambridge as well as the battlegrounds of Lexington and Concord. In Concord are the homes of Henry David Thoreau, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Louisa May Alcott. Norfolk County, south of Boston, has the homes of three US presidents: John Adams and John Quincy Adams in Quincy and John F. Kennedy in Brookline. The seaport town and former whaling center of New Bedford and the industrial town of Fall River are in Bristol County. Plymouth County offers Plymouth Rock, Plymouth Plantation, and a steam-train ride through some cranberry bogs. The town of Springfield, birthplace of basketball, hosts the Basketball Hall of Fame; in June 1985 it opened in its present location, which welcomed its one-millionth visitor in July 1988. Springfield also has the Dr. Seuss National Memorial Sculpture Garden and the Eric Carle Museum of Picture Book Arts. Plum Island has a nature preserve and a natural barrier reef. Many visitors visit Massachusetts in the fall to travel the Mohawk Trail to view the fall foliage. The John Fitzgerald Kennedy Presidential Library is in Boston.

Massachusetts has 79 operational state parks.

SPORTS

There are five major professional sports teams in Massachusetts: the Boston Red Sox of Major League Baseball, the New England Patriots of the National Football League, the Boston Celtics of the National Basketball Association, the Boston Bruins of the National Hockey League, and the New England Revolution of Major League Soccer.

The Red Sox won the World Series in 2005 by defeating their rivals, the New York Yankees. The Patriots have won nine division championships, five conference championships, and the Super Bowl in 2001, 2003, and 2004. The Celtics are the winningest team in NBA history; they have won the championship 16 times, including the seemingly unbeatable record of 8 consecutive titles from 1959 to 1966. They last won an NBA championship in 1986. The Bruins won the Stanley Cup in 1929, 1939, 1941, 1970, and 1972. Additionally, there are minor league hockey teams in Springfield, Worcester, and Lowell.

Suffolk Downs in East Boston features thoroughbred horse racing and harness racing takes place at the New England Harness Raceway in Foxboro. Dog racing can be seen at Raynham Park in Raynham, Taunton Dog Track in North Dighton, and Wonderland Park in Revere.

Probably the most famous amateur athletic event in the state is the Boston Marathon, a race of more than 26 mi (42 km) held every Patriots' Day (third Monday in April). It attracts many of the world's top long-distance runners. During the summer, a number of boat races are held. Rowing is also popular. Each October the traditional sport is celebrated at the Head of the Charles, a regatta held on the Charles River between collegiate rowing teams.

In collegiate sports, the University of Massachusetts has become a nationally ranked basketball powerhouse, reaching the Final Four in 1996; Boston College has appeared in 12 bowl games, highlighted by a victory in the Cotton Bowl in 1985; and the annual Harvard-Yale football game is one of the traditional rites of autumn.

FAMOUS BAY STATERS

Massachusetts has produced an extraordinary collection of public figures. Its four US presidents were John Adams (1735–1826), a signer of the Declaration of Independence; his son John Quincy Adams (1767–1848); John Fitzgerald Kennedy (1917–63), and George Herbert Walker Bush (b.Milton, 12 June 1924). All four served in Congress. John Adams was also the first US vice president; John Quincy Adams served as secretary of state under James Monroe, Calvin Coolidge (b.Vermont, 1872–1933) was governor of Massachusetts before his election to the vice-presidency in 1920 and his elevation to the presidency in 1923. George Bush was elected vice president on the Republican ticket in 1980 and reelected in 1984. Bush was elected president in 1988. Two others who held the office of vice president were another signer of the Declaration of Independence, Elbridge Gerry (1744–1814), for whom the political practice of gerrymandering is named, and Henry Wilson (b.New Hampshire, 1812–75), a US senator from Massachusetts before his election with Ulysses S. Grant.

Massachusetts's great jurists include US Supreme Court Justices Joseph Story (1779–1845), Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. (1841–1935), Louis D. Brandeis (b.Kentucky, 1856–1941), and Felix Frankfurter (b.Austria, 1882–1965). David Souter (b.1939), a Supreme Court justice appointed during the Bush administration, was born in Melrose. Stephen Breyer (b.California, 1939), another Supreme Court justice, was a Circuit Court of Appeals judge in Boston before his appointment. Important federal officeholders at the cabinet level were Henry Knox (1750–1806), the first secretary of war; Timothy Pickering (1745–1820), the first postmaster general and later secretary of war and secretary of state under George Washington and John Adams; Levi Lincoln (1749–1820), attorney general under Jefferson; William Eustis (1753–1825), secretary of war under Madison; Jacob Crowninshield (1770–1808), secretary of the navy under Jefferson, and his brother Benjamin (1772–1851), who held the same office under Madison; Daniel Webster (b.New Hampshire, 1782–1852), US senator from Massachusetts who served as secretary of state under William Henry Harrison, John Tyler, and Millard Fillmore; Edward Everett (1794–1865), a governor and ambassador who served as secretary of state under Fillmore; George Bancroft (1800–91), a historian who became secretary of the Navy under James K. Polk; Caleb Cushing (1800–79), attorney general under Franklin Pierce; Charles Devens (1820–91), attorney general under Rutherford B. Hayes; Christian Herter (1895–1966), secretary of state under Dwight Eisenhower; Elliot L. Richardson (1920–99), secretary of health, education and welfare, secretary of defense, and attorney general under Richard Nixon; Henry Kissinger (b.Germany, 1923), secretary of state under Nixon and Gerald Ford and a Nobel Peace Prize winner in 1973; and Robert F. Kennedy (1925–68), attorney general under his brother John and later US senator from New York.

Other federal officeholders include some of the most important figures in American politics. Samuel Adams (1722–1803), the Boston Revolutionary leader, served extensively in the Continental Congress and was later governor of the Bay State. John Hancock (1737–93), a Boston merchant and Revolutionary, was the Continental Congress's first president and later became the first elected governor of the state. In the 19th century, Massachusetts sent abolitionist Charles Sumner (1811–74) to the Senate. As ambassador to England during the Civil War, John Quincy Adams's son Charles Francis Adams (1807–86) played a key role in preserving US-British amity. At the end of the century, Henry Cabot Lodge (1850–1924) emerged as a leading Republican in the US Senate, where he supported regulatory legislation, protectionist tariffs, and restrictive immigration laws, and opposed women's suffrage and the League of Nations; his grandson, also Henry Cabot Lodge (1902–85), was an internationalist who held numerous federal posts and was a US senator. Massachusetts has provided two US House speakers: John W. McCormack (1891–1980) and Thomas P. "Tip" O'Neill Jr. (1912–94). Other well-known legislators include Edward W. Brooke (b.1919), the first black US senator since Reconstruction, and Edward M. Kennedy (b.1932), President Kennedy's youngest brother and a leading Senate liberal. Paul Tsongas (1941–97), a senator and presidential candidate during the 1992 election, was born in Lowell, Massachusetts. Michael S. Dukakis (b.1933), a former governor of the state and the 1988 Democratic nominee for president, was born in Brookline.

Among other historic colonial and state leaders were John Winthrop (b.England, 1588–1649), a founder of Massachusetts and longtime governor; William Bradford (b.England, 1590–1657), a founder of Plymouth, its governor, and author of its classic history; Thomas Hutchinson (1711–80), colonial lieutenant governor and governor during the 1760s and 1770s; and Paul Revere (1735–1818), the Patriot silversmith-courier, who was later an industrial pioneer.

Literary genius has flourished in Massachusetts. In the 17th century, the colony was the home of poets Anne Bradstreet (1612–72) and Edward Taylor (1645–1729) and of the prolific historian, scientist, theologian, and essayist Cotton Mather (1663–1728). Notables of the 18th century include the theologian Jonathan Edwards (b.Connecticut, 1703–58), poet Phillis Wheatley (b.Senegal, 1753–84), and numerous political essayists and historians. During the 1800s, Massachusetts was the home of novelists Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804–64), Louisa May Alcott (b.Pennsylvania, 1832–88), Horatio Alger (1832–99), and Henry James (b.New York, 1843–1916); essayists Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803–82) and Henry David Thoreau (1817–62); and such poets as Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (b.Maine, 1807–82), John Greenleaf Whittier (1807–92), Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. (1809–94), James Russell Lowell (1819–91), and Emily Dickinson (1830–86). Classic historical writings include the works of George Bancroft, William Hickling Prescott (1796–1859), John Lothrop Motley (1814–77), Francis Parkman (1823–93), and Henry B. Adams (1838–1918). Among 20th-century notables are novelists John P. Marquand (b.Delaware, 1893–1960) and John Cheever (1912–82); poets Elizabeth Bishop (1911–79), Robert Lowell (1917–77), Anne Sexton (1928–74), and Sylvia Plath (1932–63); and historian Samuel Eliot Morison (1887–1976). In philosophy, Charles Sanders Peirce (1839–1914) was one of the founders of pragmatism; Henry James's elder brother, William (b.New York, 1842–1910), was a pioneer in the field of psychology; and George Santayana (b.Spain, 1863–1952), philosopher and author, grew up in Boston. Mary Baker Eddy (b.New Hampshire, 1821–1910) founded the Church of Christ, Scientist, during the 1870s.

Reformers have abounded in Massachusetts, especially in the 19th century. William Lloyd Garrison (1805–79), Wendell Phillips (1811–84), and Lydia Maria Child (1802–80) were outstanding abolitionists. Lucretia Coffin Mott (1793–1880), Lucy Stone (1818–93), Abigail Kelley Foster (1810–87), Margaret Fuller (1810–50), and Susan Brownell Anthony (1820–1906) were leading advocates of women's rights. Horace Mann (1796–1859), the state secretary of education, led the fight for public education; and Mary Lyon (1797–1849) founded Mount Holyoke, the first women's college.

Efforts to improve the care and treatment of the sick, wounded, and handicapped were led by Samuel Gridley Howe (1801–76), Dorothea Lynde Dix (1802–87), and Clara Barton (1821–1912), founder of the American Red Cross. The 20th-century reformer and NAACP leader William Edward Burghardt Du Bois (1868–1963) was born in Great Barrington.

Leonard Bernstein (1918–90) was a composer and conductor of worldwide fame. Arthur Fiedler (1894–79) was the celebrated conductor of the Boston Pops Orchestra. Composers include William Billings (1746–1800), Carl Ruggles (1876–1971), and Alan Hovhaness (1911–2000). Charles Bulfinch (1763–1844), Henry H. Richardson (b.Louisiana, 1838–86), and Louis Henri Sullivan (1856–1924) have been among the nation's important architects. Painters include John Singleton Copley (1738–1815), James Whistler (1834–1903), Winslow Homer (1836–1910), and Frank Stella (b.1936); Horatio Greenough (1805–52) was a prominent sculptor.

Among the notable scientists associated with Massachusetts are Nathaniel Bowditch (1773–1838), a mathematician and navigator; Samuel F. B. Morse (1791–1872), inventor of the telegraph; and Robert Hutchins Goddard (1882–1945), a physicist and rocketry pioneer.

Two professors at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, in Cambridge, have won the Nobel Prize in economics—Paul A. Samuelson (b.Indiana, 1915), in 1970, and Franco Modigliani (b.Italy, 1918–2003), in 1985. Other winners of the Nobel Prize include: Merton Miller (1923–2000), in economics; William Sharpe (b.1934), in economics; Douglass C. North (b.1920), 1993 co-recipient in economics; Elias James Carey (b.1928); Henry Kendall (1926–99), 1990 co-recipient in physics; and Joseph E. Murray (b.1919), the 1990 winner in medicine or physiology.

Massachusetts's most famous journalist has been Isaiah Thomas (1750–1831). Its great industrialists include textile entrepreneurs Francis Lowell (1775–1817) and Abbott Lawrence (1792–1855). Elias Howe (1819–67) invented the sewing machine.

Massachusetts was the birthplace of television journalists Mike Wallace (b.1918) and Barbara Walters (b.1931). Massachusetts-born show business luminaries include director Cecil B. DeMille (1881–1959); actors Walter Brennan (1894–1974), Jack Haley (1901–79), Ray Bolger (1904–84), Bette Davis (1908–84), and Jack Lemmon (1925–2001); and singers Donna Summer (b.1948) and James Taylor (b.1948). Outstanding among Massachusetts-born athletes was world heavyweight boxing champion Rocky Marciano (Rocco Francis Marchegiano, 1925–69), who retired undefeated in 1956.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Bedford, Henry F. (ed.). Their Lives and Numbers: The Condition of Working People in Massachusetts, 1870–1900. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1995.

Burgan, Michael. Massachusetts. Washington, D.C.: National Geographic, 2005.

Council of State Governments. The Book of the States, 2006 Edition. Lexington, Ky.: Council of State Governments, 2006.

Mandell, Daniel R. Behind the Frontier: Indians in Eighteenth-Century Eastern Massachusetts. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1996.

Pletcher, Larry. It Happened in Massachusetts. Helena, Mont.: TwoDot, 1999.

Pollak, Vivian R. (ed.). A Historical Guide to Emily Dickinson. New York: Oxford University Press, 2004.

Porter, Susan L. (ed.). Women of the Commonwealth: Work, Family, and Social Change in Nineteenth-Century Massachusetts. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1996.

Rothenberg, Winifred Barr. From Market-Places to a Market Economy: The Transformation of Rural Massachusetts. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992.

Taymor, Betty. Running Against the Wind: the Struggle of Women in Massachusetts Politics. Boston: Northeastern University Press, 2000.

Tree, Christina. Massachusetts, An Explorer's Guide: Beyond Boston and Cape Cod. Woodstock, Vt.: Countryman Press, 1998.

US Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, US Census Bureau. Massachusetts, 2000. Summary Social, Economic, and Housing Characteristics: 2000 Census of Population and Housing. Washington, D.C.: US Government Printing Office, 2003.

Worldmark Encyclopedia of the States

Massachusetts

views updated May 14 2018

Massachusetts

AMERICAN INTERNATIONAL COLLEGE

1000 State St.
Springfield, MA 01109-3189
Tel: (413)737-7000
Admissions: (413)205-3201
Fax: (413)737-2803
E-mail: inquiry@acad.aic.edu
Web Site: http://www.aic.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Harry J. Courniotes
Registrar: Judith E. Syner
Admissions: Peter Miller
Financial Aid: Irene Martin
Type: Comprehensive Sex: Coed Scores: 96% SAT V 400+; 97% SAT M 400+; 50% ACT 18-23; 2% ACT 24-29 % Accepted: 84 Admission Plans: Early Admission; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: Rolling Application Fee: $20.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $20. Comprehensive fee: $30,260 includes full-time tuition ($20,990) and college room and board ($9270). Part-time tuition: $470 per credit. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 1,214, PT 184, Grad 417 Faculty: FT 72, PT 87 Student-Faculty Ratio: 12:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 90 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 55 Library Holdings: 118,000 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 60 credits, Associates; 120 credits, Bachelors ROTC: Army, Air Force Professional Accreditation: AOTA, APTA, NLN Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Field Hockey W; Football M; Golf M; Ice Hockey M; Lacrosse M & W; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Tennis M & W; Volleyball W; Wrestling M

AMHERST COLLEGE

PO Box 5000
Amherst, MA 01002-5000
Tel: (413)542-2000
Admissions: (413)542-2328
Fax: (413)542-2040
E-mail: admissions@amherst.edu
Web Site: http://www.amherst.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Anthony W. Marx
Registrar: Dr. Gerald M. Mager
Admissions: Thomas Parker
Financial Aid: Joe Paul Case
Type: Four-Year College Sex: Coed Scores: 100% SAT V 400+; 100% SAT M 400+; 29.3% ACT 24-29 % Accepted: 19 Admission Plans: Early Admission; Early Decision Plan; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: January 01 Application Fee: $55.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma or equivalent not required Costs Per Year: Application fee: $55. Comprehensive fee: $41,590 includes full-time tuition ($32,395), mandatory fees ($610), and college room and board ($8585). College room only: $4600. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Not available Enrollment: FT 1,623 Faculty: FT 190, PT 28 Student-Faculty Ratio: 8:1 Exams: SAT I and SAT II or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 48 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 98 Library Holdings: 1,003,887 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 32 courses, Bachelors Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Crew M & W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Equestrian Sports M & W; Fencing M & W; Field Hockey W; Football M; Golf M & W; Ice Hockey M & W; Lacrosse M & W; Rugby M & W; Sailing M & W; Skiing (Downhill) M & W; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Squash M & W; Swimming and Diving M & W; Tennis M & W; Track and Field M & W; Ultimate Frisbee M & W; Volleyball M & W; Water Polo M & W

ANNA MARIA COLLEGE

Sunset Ln.
Paxton, MA 01612
Tel: (508)849-3300
Free: 800-344-4586
Admissions: (508)849-3360
Web Site: http://www.annamaria.edu/
President/CEO: William McGarry
Registrar: Sr. Rollande Quintal
Admissions: Elaine Lapomardo
Financial Aid: Nicole Brennan
Type: Comprehensive Sex: Coed Affiliation: Roman Catholic Scores: 84. 41% SAT V 400+; 76.14% SAT M 400+; 61.54% ACT 18-23; 7.69% ACT 24-29 % Accepted: 90 Admission Plans: Deferred Admission Application Deadline: Rolling Application Fee: $40.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $40. Comprehensive fee: $29,815 includes full-time tuition ($19,900), mandatory fees ($1980), and college room and board ($7935). Part-time tuition: $663.33 per credit hour. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 540, PT 205, Grad 297 Faculty: FT 38, PT 132 Student-Faculty Ratio: 9:1 Exams: SAT I and SAT II or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 81 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 60 Library Holdings: 79,039 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 60 credit hours, Associates; 120 credit hours, Bachelors ROTC: Air Force Professional Accreditation: CSWE, NASM, NLN Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Cheerleading W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Field Hockey W; Golf M & W; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Volleyball W

THE ART INSTITUTE OF BOSTON AT LESLEY UNIVERSITY

700 Beacon St.
Boston, MA 02215-2598
Tel: (617)585-6600
Admissions: (617)585-6701
Fax: (617)437-1226
E-mail: broth@lesley.edu
Web Site: http://www.aiboston.edu/
President/CEO: Margaret A. McKenna
Registrar: Andy Rademaker
Admissions: Bonnie Roth Galinski
Financial Aid: Paul Henderson
Type: Comprehensive Sex: Coed Affiliation: Lesley University; Education Management Corporation Scores: 97% SAT V 400+; 95% SAT M 400 + Admission Plans: Deferred Admission Application Fee: $40.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $40. Comprehensive fee: $29,550 includes full-time tuition ($19,600) and college room and board ($9950). College room only: $6100. Full-time tuition varies according to program. Room and board charges vary according to housing facility. Part-time tuition: $824 per credit. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 964, PT 78, Grad 5,479 Faculty: FT 54, PT 131 Student-Faculty Ratio: 10:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 78 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 66 Library Holdings: 100,000 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 128 credits, Bachelors Professional Accreditation: NASAD Intercollegiate Athletics: Basketball W; Crew W; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Volleyball M & W

ASSUMPTION COLLEGE

500 Salisbury St.
Worcester, MA 01609-1296
Tel: (508)767-7000; 888-882-7786
Admissions: (508)767-7110
Fax: (508)799-4412
Web Site: http://www.assumption.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Thomas R. Plough
Registrar: David A. Aalto
Admissions: Kathleen Murphy
Financial Aid: Karen Puntillo
Type: Comprehensive Sex: Coed Affiliation: Roman Catholic Scores: 98% SAT V 400+; 99% SAT M 400+; 48% ACT 18-23; 27% ACT 24-29 % Accepted: 76 Admission Plans: Early Decision Plan; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: March 01 Application Fee: $50.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $50. Comprehensive fee: $32,085 includes full-time tuition ($25,895), mandatory fees ($415), and college room and board ($5775). College room only: $3395. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 2,099, PT 25, Grad 327 Faculty: FT 129, PT 87 Student-Faculty Ratio: 13:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 70 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 90 Library Holdings: 103,467 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 40 courses, Bachelors ROTC: Army, Air Force Professional Accreditation: CORE Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Crew M & W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Field Hockey W; Football M; Golf M; Ice Hockey M; Lacrosse M & W; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Tennis M & W; Track and Field M & W; Volleyball W

ATLANTIC UNION COLLEGE

PO Box 1000
South Lancaster, MA 01561-1000
Tel: (978)368-2000
Free: 800-282-2030
Admissions: (978)368-2239
Fax: (978)368-2015
E-mail: info@atlanticuc.edu
Web Site: http://www.atlanticuc.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. George P. Babcock
Registrar: Dr. Issumael Nzamutuma
Admissions: Rosita Lashley
Financial Aid: Sandra Boucher
Type: Comprehensive Sex: Coed Affiliation: Seventh-day Adventist Application Fee: $25.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $25. Comprehensive fee: $17,600. Part-time tuition: $525 per credit hour. Part-time tuition varies according to class time and program. Tuition: $525 per credit hour part-time. Part-time tuition varies according to class time and program. Tuition guaranteed not to increase for student's term of enrollment. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Student-Faculty Ratio: 13:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT, SAT I % Receiving Financial Aid: 68 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 68 Library Holdings: 135,694 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 64 hours, Associates; 128 hours, Bachelors Professional Accreditation: CSWE, NASM, NLN

BABSON COLLEGE

Babson Park, MA 02457-0310
Tel: (781)235-1200
Free: 800-488-3696
Fax: (781)239-5614
E-mail: ugradadmission@babson.edu
Web Site: http://www.babson.edu/
President/CEO: Brian M. Barefoot
Registrar: Linda Kean
Admissions: R. Alan Kines
Financial Aid: Melissa Shaak
Type: Comprehensive Sex: Coed Scores: 100% SAT V 400+; 100% SAT M 400+; 83% ACT 24-29 % Accepted: 37 Admission Plans: Early Action; Early Decision Plan; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: January 15 Application Fee: $60.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $60. Comprehensive fee: $43,478 includes full-time tuition ($32,256) and college room and board ($11,222). College room only: $7242. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 1,725, Grad 1,485 Faculty: FT 151, PT 78 Student-Faculty Ratio: 14:1 Exams: Other, SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 41 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 83 Library Holdings: 131,436 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 128 credit hours, Bachelors ROTC: Army, Navy, Air Force Professional Accreditation: AACSB Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Cheerleading W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Field Hockey W; Golf M; Ice Hockey M & W; Lacrosse M & W; Rugby M & W; Skiing (Downhill) M & W; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Swimming and Diving M & W; Tennis M & W; Track and Field M & W; Volleyball W

BAY PATH COLLEGE

588 Longmeadow St.
Longmeadow, MA 01106-2292
Tel: (413)565-1000
Free: 800-782-7284
Fax: (413)567-0501
E-mail: admiss@baypath.edu
Web Site: http://www.baypath.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Carol A. Leary
Registrar: Charles Bertolino
Admissions: Lisa Casassa
Financial Aid: Stephanie King
Type: Comprehensive Scores: 95.4% SAT V 400+; 96.8% SAT M 400 + % Accepted: 69 Admission Plans: Early Admission; Early Action; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: Rolling Application Fee: $25.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $25. Comprehensive fee: $30,220 includes full-time tuition ($20,606) and college room and board ($9614). Room and board charges vary according to board plan. Part-time tuition: $440 per credit. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 1,109, PT 234, Grad 113 Faculty: FT 38, PT 124 Student-Faculty Ratio: 17:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 87 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 40 Library Holdings: 55,060 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 60 credits, Associates; 120 credits, Bachelors ROTC: Army, Air Force Professional Accreditation: AOTA Intercollegiate Athletics: Basketball W; Cross-Country Running W; Soccer W; Softball W; Tennis W; Volleyball W

BAY STATE COLLEGE

122 Commonwealth Ave.
Boston, MA 02116-2975
Tel: (617)236-8000
Free: 800-81-LEARN
Fax: (617)536-1735
E-mail: admissions@baystate.edu
Web Site: http://www.baystate.edu/
President/CEO: Howard E. Horton, Esq
Registrar: Raymond Barnes
Admissions: Pamela DellaPorta
Financial Aid: Melissa Holster
Type: Two-Year College Sex: Coed % Accepted: 80 Admission Plans: Early Admission Application Deadline: Rolling Application Fee: $40.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $40. Comprehensive fee: $26,325 includes full-time tuition ($15,900), mandatory fees ($350), and college room and board ($10,075). Part-time tuition: $1530 per course. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Not available Enrollment: FT 522, PT 235 Faculty: FT 19, PT 47 Student-Faculty Ratio: 13:1 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 21 Library Holdings: 4,490 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 60 credits, Associates Professional Accreditation: ABHES, APTA

BECKER COLLEGE

61 Sever St.
Worcester, MA 01609
Tel: (508)791-9241; 877-5BECKER
Fax: (508)831-7505
E-mail: admissions@go.becker.edu
Web Site: http://www.beckercollege.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Kenneth Zirkle
Registrar: Andrew Baglio
Admissions: Elaine Lapomardo
Financial Aid: Denise Lawrie
Type: Four-Year College Sex: Coed Scores: 73% SAT V 400+; 71% SAT M 400+; 41% ACT 18-23; 13% ACT 24-29 Admission Plans: Deferred Admission Application Fee: $30.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $30. Comprehensive fee: $26,425 includes full-time tuition ($18,000), mandatory fees ($425), and college room and board ($8000). Part-time tuition: $750 per credit hour. Part-time tuition varies according to program. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 910, PT 750 Faculty: FT 39, PT 64 Student-Faculty Ratio: 15:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 86 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 40 Library Holdings: 75,000 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 60 credits, Associates; 122 credits, Bachelors ROTC: Army, Navy, Air Force Professional Accreditation: APTA, NLN Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Cheerleading M & W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Equestrian Sports M & W; Field Hockey W; Football M; Golf M; Ice Hockey M & W; Lacrosse M; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Tennis M & W; Volleyball W

BENJAMIN FRANKLIN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

41 Berkeley St.
Boston, MA 02116-6296
Tel: (617)423-4630
Fax: (617)482-3706
E-mail: nkraft@bfit.edu
Web Site: http://www.bfit.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Richard K. Fields
Registrar: Kevin M. Sullivan
Admissions: Norman R. Kraft
Financial Aid: Kevin M. Sullivan
Type: Two-Year College Sex: Coed % Accepted: 91 Admission Plans: Open Admission; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: August 15 Application Fee: $20.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $20. Tuition: $12,750 full-time, $531 per credit part-time. Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Faculty: FT 22, PT 20 Student-Faculty Ratio: 11:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT Library Holdings: 10,000 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 70 credits, Associates; 134 credits, Bachelors Professional Accreditation: ABET

BENTLEY COLLEGE

175 Forest St.
Waltham, MA 02452-4705
Tel: (781)891-2000
Free: 800-523-2354
Admissions: (781)891-2244
Fax: (781)891-3414
E-mail: krinehart@bentley.edu
Web Site: http://www.bentley.edu
President/CEO: Dr. Joseph G. Morone
Registrar: Dr. Barbara H. Palmer
Admissions: Kenton W. Rinehart
Financial Aid: Donna Kendall
Type: Comprehensive Sex: Coed Scores: 100% SAT V 400+; 100% SAT M 400 + % Accepted: 43 Admission Plans: Early Admission; Early Action; Early Decision Plan; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: February 01 Application Fee: $50.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $50. Comprehensive fee: $38,784 includes full-time tuition ($28,390), mandatory fees ($224), and college room and board ($10,170). College room only: $6060. Full-time tuition and fees vary according to student level. Room and board charges vary according to board plan and housing facility. Part-time tuition: $1368 per course. Part-time mandatory fees: $10 per term. Part-time tuition and fees vary according to class time and student level. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 3,958, PT 336, Grad 1,271 Faculty: FT 270, PT 205 Student-Faculty Ratio: 12:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 51 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 79 Library Holdings: 136,094 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 122 credits, Bachelors ROTC: Army Professional Accreditation: AACSB Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Field Hockey W; Football M; Golf W; Ice Hockey M; Lacrosse M & W; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Swimming and Diving M & W; Tennis M & W; Track and Field M & W; Volleyball W

BERKLEE COLLEGE OF MUSIC

1140 Boylston St.
Boston, MA 02215-3693
Tel: (617)266-1400
Free: 800-BER-KLEE
Admissions: (617)747-2222
Fax: (617)747-2047
E-mail: admissions@berklee.edu
Web Site: http://www.berklee.edu/
President/CEO: Roger H. Brown
Registrar: Michael Hagarty
Admissions: Damien Bracken
Financial Aid: Pamela Gilligan
Type: Four-Year College Sex: Coed % Accepted: 57 Admission Plans: Early Action; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: February 01 Application Fee: $100.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $100. Comprehensive fee: $37,997 includes full-time tuition ($21,790), mandatory fees ($4517), and college room and board ($11,690). Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 4,037 Faculty: FT 207, PT 277 Student-Faculty Ratio: 13:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 44 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 20 Library Holdings: 30,208 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 120 credit hours, Bachelors

BERKSHIRE COMMUNITY COLLEGE

1350 West St.
Pittsfield, MA 01201-5786
Tel: (413)499-4660
Fax: (413)496-9511
E-mail: mbullock@berkshirecc.edu
Web Site: http://www.berkshirecc.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Bryan K. Blanchard
Registrar: Donald Pfeifer
Admissions: Michael Bullock
Financial Aid: Anne Moore
Type: Two-Year College Sex: Coed Affiliation: Massachusetts Public Higher Education System % Accepted: 100 Admission Plans: Open Admission; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: Rolling Application Fee: $10.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $10. State resident tuition: $780 full-time, $26 per credit part-time. Nonresident tuition: $7800 full-time, $260 per credit part-time. Mandatory fees: $2820 full-time, $94 per credit part-time. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 923, PT 1,405 Faculty: FT 55, PT 115 Student-Faculty Ratio: 14:1 Library Holdings: 74,271 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 60 credits, Associates Professional Accreditation: APTA, CARC, NLN

BOSTON ARCHITECTURAL COLLEGE

320 Newbury St.
Boston, MA 02115-2795
Tel: (617)262-5000; 877-585-0100
Admissions: (617)585-0256
Fax: (617)585-0111
Web Site: http://www.the-bac.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Theodore C. Landsmark Registrar: Valerie Nichols
Admissions: Jeff Cutting
Financial Aid: Maureen Samways
Type: Comprehensive Sex: Coed % Accepted: 70 Admission Plans: Open Admission Application Deadline: Rolling Application Fee: $50.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $50. Tuition: $8610 full-time, $717 per credit part-time. Mandatory fees: $20 full-time, $150. Full-time tuition and fees vary according to course load, degree level, program, and reciprocity agreements. Part-time tuition and fees vary according to course load, degree level, program, and reciprocity agreements. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 466, PT 41, Grad 403 Faculty: FT 10, PT 317 Student-Faculty Ratio: 12:1 % Receiving Financial Aid: 77 Library Holdings: 27,000 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 178.50 credit hours, Bachelors Professional Accreditation: FIDER

BOSTON BAPTIST COLLEGE

950 Metropolitan Ave.
Boston, MA 02136
Tel: (617)364-3510; 888-235-2014
Fax: (617)364-0723
E-mail: kfox@boston.edu
Web Site: http://www.boston.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Harry Boyle
Admissions: Karen Fox
Type: Four-Year College Sex: Coed Affiliation: Baptist Application Deadline: Rolling Application Fee: $40.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $40. Comprehensive fee: $14,784 includes full-time tuition ($6930), mandatory fees ($1600), and college room and board ($6254). College room only: $3594. Part-time tuition: $290 per hour. Part-time mandatory fees: $900 per term. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 120, PT 10 Faculty: FT 4, PT 5 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 65 Credit Hours For Degree: 64 credit hours, Associates Professional Accreditation: TACCS

BOSTON COLLEGE

140 Commonwealth Ave.
Chestnut Hill, MA 02467-3800
Tel: (617)552-8000
Free: 800-360-2522
Admissions: (617)552-3100
Fax: (617)552-0798
E-mail: admissions@bcvms.bc.edu
Web Site: http://www.bc.edu/
President/CEO: Rev. William P. Leahy, SJ
Registrar: Dr. Louise M. Lonabocker
Admissions: John L. Mahoney, Jr.
Financial Aid: Bernard Pekala
Type: University Sex: Coed Affiliation: Roman Catholic (Jesuit) Scores: 100% SAT V 400+; 100% SAT M 400 + % Accepted: 31 Admission Plans: Early Admission; Early Action; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: January 01 Application Fee: $70.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED not accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $70. One-time mandatory fee: $355. Comprehensive fee: $42,283 includes full-time tuition ($30,950), mandatory fees ($488), and college room and board ($10,845). College room only: $6945. Room and board charges vary according to housing facility. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 9,019, Grad 3,917 Faculty: FT 662, PT 623 Student-Faculty Ratio: 13:1 Exams: SAT I and SAT II or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 40 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 78 Library Holdings: 2,236,516 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 114 credits, Bachelors ROTC: Army, Air Force Professional Accreditation: AACSB, AACN, AANA, ABA, APA, AALS, ATS, CSWE, NCATE Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Crew M & W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Fencing M & W; Field Hockey W; Football M; Golf M & W; Ice Hockey M & W; Lacrosse M & W; Rugby M & W; Sailing M & W; Skiing (Downhill) M & W; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Swimming and Diving M & W; Tennis M & W; Track and Field M & W; Volleyball W; Water Polo M; Wrestling M

THE BOSTON CONSERVATORY

8 The Fenway
Boston, MA 02215
Tel: (617)536-6340
Admissions: (617)912-9153
Fax: (617)536-3176
Web Site: http://www.bostonconservatory.edu/
President/CEO: Richard Ortner
Registrar: Jacque Wilson
Admissions: Halley Shefler
Financial Aid: James Bynum
Type: Comprehensive Sex: Coed Admission Plans: Deferred Admission Application Fee: $105.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $105. Comprehensive fee: $42,155 includes full-time tuition ($26,400), mandatory fees ($1435), and college room and board ($14,320). Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 404, PT 3, Grad 130 Faculty: FT 44, PT 127 Student-Faculty Ratio: 4:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 54 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 29 Library Holdings: 40,000 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 125 credits, Bachelors Professional Accreditation: NASM

BOSTON UNIVERSITY

Boston, MA 02215
Tel: (617)353-2000
Admissions: (617)353-2300
Fax: (617)353-9695
E-mail: admissions@bu.edu
Web Site: http://www.bu.edu/
President/CEO: Daniel S. Goldin
Registrar: Florence Bergeron
Admissions: Kelly A. Walter
Financial Aid: Christine W. McGuire
Type: University Sex: Coed Scores: 99% SAT V 400+; 100% SAT M 400+; 10% ACT 18-23; 61% ACT 24-29 % Accepted: 57 Admission Plans: Early Admission; Early Decision Plan; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: January 01 Application Fee: $70.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $70. Comprehensive fee: $42,046 includes full-time tuition ($31,530), mandatory fees ($436), and college room and board ($10,080). College room only: $6450. Full-time tuition and fees vary according to class time and degree level. Room and board charges vary according to board plan and housing facility. Part-time tuition: $985 per credit. Part-time mandatory fees: $40. Part-time tuition and fees vary according to class time, course load, and degree level. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 17,384, PT 1,310, Grad 10,217 Faculty: FT 1,454, PT 984 Student-Faculty Ratio: 12:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT, SAT II % Receiving Financial Aid: 41 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 74 Library Holdings: 2,346,194 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 128 credits, Bachelors ROTC: Army, Navy, Air Force Professional Accreditation: AACSB, ABET, ACEHSA, ABA, ACNM, ADA, ADtA, AOTA, APTA, APA, ASLHA, AClPE, AALS, ATS, CEPH, CORE, CSWE, JRCEPAT, LCMEAMA, NASM Intercollegiate Athletics: Badminton M & W; Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Cheerleading M & W; Crew M & W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Equestrian Sports M & W; Fencing M & W; Field Hockey W; Golf M & W; Gymnastics M & W; Ice Hockey M & W; Lacrosse M & W; Rugby M & W; Sailing M & W; Skiing (Downhill) M & W; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Swimming and Diving M & W; Tennis M & W; Track and Field M & W; Ultimate Frisbee M & W; Volleyball M & W; Water Polo W; Wrestling M

BRANDEIS UNIVERSITY

415 South St.
Waltham, MA 02454-9110
Tel: (781)736-2000
Free: 800-622-0622
Admissions: (781)736-3500
Fax: (781)736-3536
E-mail: admissions@brandeis.edu
Web Site: http://www.brandeis.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Jehuda Reinharz
Registrar: Dr. Mark Hewitt
Admissions: Gil J. Villanueva
Financial Aid: Peter Giumette
Type: University Sex: Coed Scores: 100% SAT V 400+; 100% SAT M 400+; 2% ACT 18-23; 48% ACT 24-29 % Accepted: 38 Admission Plans: Early Decision Plan; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: January 15 Application Fee: $55.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $55. Comprehensive fee: $41,551 includes full-time tuition ($31,532), mandatory fees ($969), and college room and board ($9050). College room only: $5083. Room and board charges vary according to board plan and housing facility. Part-time tuition: $986 per credit. Part-time tuition varies according to course load. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 3,242, PT 25, Grad 1,922 Faculty: FT 343, PT 129 Student-Faculty Ratio: 8:1 Exams: SAT I and SAT II or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 47 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 82 Library Holdings: 938,835 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 32 courses, Bachelors ROTC: Army, Air Force Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Crew M; Cross-Country Running M & W; Fencing M & W; Field Hockey W; Golf M; Lacrosse M & W; Rugby M & W; Sailing M & W; Skiing (Downhill) M & W; Soccer W; Softball W; Squash M; Swimming and Diving M & W; Tennis M & W; Track and Field M & W; Volleyball W

BRIDGEWATER STATE COLLEGE

Bridgewater, MA 02325-0001
Tel: (508)531-1000
Admissions: (508)531-1237
Fax: (508)531-1707
E-mail: admission@bridgew.edu
Web Site: http://www.bridgew.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Dana Mohler-Faria
Registrar: Irene Checkovich
Admissions: Gregg Meyer
Financial Aid: Janet Gumbris
Type: Comprehensive Sex: Coed Affiliation: Massachusetts Public Higher Education System Scores: 95.15% SAT V 400+; 93.8% SAT M 400+; 63.9% ACT 18-23; 22.2% ACT 24-29 % Accepted: 80 Admission Plans: Early Admission; Early Action; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: February 15 Application Fee: $25.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $25. State resident tuition: $910 full-time, $38 per credit hour part-time. Nonresident tuition: $7050 full-time, $294 per credit hour part-time. Mandatory fees: $4596 full-time, $188 per credit hour part-time. College room and board: $6614. College room only: $4114. Room and board charges vary according to board plan and housing facility. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 6,435, PT 1,416, Grad 1,798 Faculty: FT 261, PT 233 Student-Faculty Ratio: 20:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 52 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 31 Library Holdings: 326,662 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 120 semester hours, Bachelors ROTC: Army, Air Force Professional Accreditation: CSWE, JRCEPAT, NCATE Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Field Hockey W; Football M; Lacrosse M & W; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Swimming and Diving M & W; Tennis M & W; Track and Field M & W; Volleyball W; Water Polo M & W; Wrestling M

BRISTOL COMMUNITY COLLEGE

777 Elsbree St.
Fall River, MA 02720-7395
Tel: (508)678-2811
Fax: (508)674-8838
E-mail: rclark@bristol.mass.edu
Web Site: http://www.bristol.mass.edu/
President/CEO: John J. Sbrega, PhD
Registrar: Joanne Carroll-Connor
Admissions: Rodney S. Clark
Financial Aid: David Allen
Type: Two-Year College Sex: Coed % Accepted: 80 Admission Plans: Open Admission; Preferred Admission Application Fee: $10.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $10. State resident tuition: $576 full-time, $24 per credit part-time. Nonresident tuition: $5520 full-time, $230 per credit part-time. Mandatory fees: $2544 full-time, $99 per credit part-time, $30 per term part-time. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 3,097, PT 3,776 Faculty: FT 316, PT 476 Student-Faculty Ratio: 19:1 Library Holdings: 65,000 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 60 credits, Associates Professional Accreditation: ADA, AHIMA, AOTA, NAACLS, NLN

BUNKER HILL COMMUNITY COLLEGE

250 New Rutherford Ave.
Boston, MA 02129-2925
Tel: (617)228-2000
Admissions: (617)228-2420
Fax: (617)228-2120
Web Site: http://www.bhcc.mass.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Mary L. Fifield
Registrar: Debra Boyer
Admissions: Debra Boyer
Financial Aid: Scott Jewel
Type: Two-Year College Sex: Coed % Accepted: 69 Admission Plans: Open Admission; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: Rolling Application Fee: $10.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $10. State resident tuition: $576 full-time, $24 per credit part-time. Nonresident tuition: $5520 full-time, $230 per credit part-time. Mandatory fees: $1824 full-time, $76 per credit part-time. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 2,388, PT 5,449 Faculty: FT 123, PT 325 Student-Faculty Ratio: 19:1 Library Holdings: 65,953 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 60 credits, Associates Professional Accreditation: ARCEST, JRCEDMS, JRCERT, NLN Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Golf M & W; Soccer M & W; Softball W

CAMBRIDGE COLLEGE

1000 Massachusetts Ave.
Cambridge, MA 02138-5304
Tel: (617)868-1000
Free: 800-877-4723
Fax: (617)349-3545
Web Site: http://www.cambridgecollege.edu/
President/CEO: Mahesh C. Sharma
Registrar: Cecelia Cull
Financial Aid: Dr. Gerri Major
Type: Comprehensive Sex: Coed % Accepted: 99 Admission Plans: Open Admission; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: Rolling Application Fee: $30.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $30. One-time mandatory fee: $110. Tuition: $8040 full-time, $335 per credit part-time. Mandatory fees: $150 full-time. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Trimester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 226, PT 685, Grad 3,120 Faculty: FT 33, PT 773 Student-Faculty Ratio: 10:1 % Receiving Financial Aid: 72 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 120 credit hours, Bachelors

CAPE COD COMMUNITY COLLEGE

2240 Iyanough Rd.
West Barnstable, MA 02668-1599
Tel: (508)362-2131
Web Site: http://www.capecod.mass.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Kathleen Schatzberg
Registrar: Sandra Brito
Admissions: Susan Kline-Symington
Financial Aid: Sherry Andersen
Type: Two-Year College Sex: Coed Affiliation: Massachusetts Public Higher Education System Admission Plans: Open Admission; Preferred Admission; Deferred Admission Application Fee: $10.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $10. State resident tuition: $720 full-time, $24 per credit hour part-time. Nonresident tuition: $6900 full-time, $230 per credit hour part-time. Mandatory fees: $2940 full-time, $98 per credit hour part-time. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 1,470, PT 2,773 Faculty: FT 79, PT 252 Student-Faculty Ratio: 18:1 Library Holdings: 54,342 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 60 credit hours, Associates Professional Accreditation: ADA, NLN

CLARK UNIVERSITY

950 Main St.
Worcester, MA 01610-1477
Tel: (508)793-7711
Free: 800-GO-CLARK
Admissions: (508)793-7431
Fax: (508)793-8821
E-mail: admissions@clarku.edu
Web Site: http://www.clarku.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. John E. Bassett
Registrar: Jane Reno
Admissions: Harold M. Wingood
Financial Aid: Mary Ellen Severance
Type: University Sex: Coed Scores: 99% SAT V 400+; 100% SAT M 400+; 23% ACT 18-23; 67% ACT 24-29 % Accepted: 62 Admission Plans: Early Admission; Early Decision Plan; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: January 15 Application Fee: $50.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $50. Comprehensive fee: $37,365 includes full-time tuition ($31,200), mandatory fees ($265), and college room and board ($5900). College room only: $3550. Room and board charges vary according to board plan and housing facility. Part-time tuition: $915.63 per credit hour. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 2,097, PT 158, Grad 863 Faculty: FT 167, PT 96 Student-Faculty Ratio: 10:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 54 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 77 Library Holdings: 289,658 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 32 courses, Bachelors ROTC: Army, Navy, Air Force Professional Accreditation: AACSB, APA Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Crew M & W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Field Hockey W; Lacrosse M; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Swimming and Diving M & W; Tennis M & W; Volleyball W

COLLEGE OF THE HOLY CROSS

1 College St.
Worcester, MA 01610-2395
Tel: (508)793-2011
Free: 800-442-2421
Admissions: (508)793-2443
Fax: (508)793-3888
E-mail: admissions@holycross.edu
Web Site: http://www.holycross.edu/
President/CEO: Rev. Michael C. McFarland, SJ
Registrar: Elaine J. Rynders
Admissions: Ann Bowe McDermott
Financial Aid: Lynne M. Myers
Type: Four-Year College Sex: Coed Affiliation: Roman Catholic (Jesuit) Scores: 99% SAT V 400+; 100% SAT M 400 + % Accepted: 48 Admission Plans: Early Admission; Early Decision Plan; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: January 15 Application Fee: $50.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $50. Comprehensive fee: $40,664 includes full-time tuition ($30,960), mandatory fees ($484), and college room and board ($9220). College room only: $4610. Room and board charges vary according to board plan and housing facility. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Not available Enrollment: FT 2,788, PT 28 Faculty: FT 240, PT 57 Student-Faculty Ratio: 11:1 % Receiving Financial Aid: 53 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 88 Library Holdings: 606,647 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 32 courses, Bachelors ROTC: Army, Navy, Air Force Professional Accreditation: NAST Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Crew M & W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Field Hockey W; Football M; Golf M & W; Ice Hockey M & W; Lacrosse M & W; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Swimming and Diving M & W; Tennis M & W; Track and Field M & W; Volleyball W

CURRY COLLEGE

1071 Blue Hill Ave.
Milton, MA 02186-9984
Tel: (617)333-0500
Free: 800-669-0686
Admissions: (617)333-2210
Fax: (617)333-6860
E-mail: curryadm@curry.edu
Web Site: http://www.curry.edu/
President/CEO: Kenneth Quigley
Registrar: Sally Buckley
Admissions: Jane P. Fidler
Financial Aid: Anne Downey
Type: Comprehensive Sex: Coed Scores: 91% SAT V 400+; 83% SAT M 400 + % Accepted: 69 Admission Plans: Early Admission; Early Decision Plan; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: April 01 Application Fee: $40.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $40. Comprehensive fee: $33,940 includes full-time tuition ($23,400), mandatory fees ($900), and college room and board ($9640). College room only: $5640. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 2,203, PT 752, Grad 75 Faculty: FT 102, PT 270 Student-Faculty Ratio: 12:1 Exams: Other, SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 66 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 65 Library Holdings: 90,000 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 120 credit hours, Bachelors ROTC: Army Professional Accreditation: AACN Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Cross-Country Running W; Football M; Ice Hockey M; Lacrosse M & W; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Tennis M & W

DEAN COLLEGE

99 Main St. Franklin, MA 02038-1994
Tel: (508)541-1900; 877-TRY-DEAN
Admissions: (508)541-1508
Fax: (508)541-8726
E-mail: admissions@dean.edu
Web Site: http://www.dean.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Paula M. Rooney
Admissions: Jay Leiendecker
Financial Aid: Jamey Cournoyer
Type: Two-Year College Sex: Coed Scores: 75% SAT V 400+; 72% SAT M 400+; 32% ACT 18-23; 10% ACT 24-29 % Accepted: 74 Admission Plans: Deferred Admission Application Deadline: Rolling Application Fee: $35.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $35. One-time mandatory fee: $200. Comprehensive fee: $34,350 includes full-time tuition ($24,000) and college room and board ($10,350). College room only: $6550. Part-time tuition: $690 per course. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 925, PT 324 Faculty: FT 30, PT 67 Student-Faculty Ratio: 19:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 90 Library Holdings: 46,226 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 63 credits, Associates Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Football M; Golf M; Lacrosse M & W; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Volleyball W

EASTERN NAZARENE COLLEGE

23 East Elm Ave.
Quincy, MA 02170-2999
Tel: (617)745-3000
Free: 800-88-ENC88
Admissions: (617)745-3732
Fax: (617)745-3907
E-mail: webbd@enc.edu
Web Site: http://www.enc.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. David McClung
Registrar: Myrna F. Giberson
Admissions: Doris Webb
Financial Aid: Douglas Fish
Type: Comprehensive Sex: Coed Affiliation: Church of the Nazarene Scores: 100% SAT V 400+; 100% SAT M 400+; 53% ACT 18-23; 31% ACT 24-29 Admission Plans: Early Admission; Deferred Admission Application Fee: $25.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $25. Comprehensive fee: $24,900 includes full-time tuition ($17,700), mandatory fees ($610), and college room and board ($6590). Full-time tuition and fees vary according to course load. Room and board charges vary according to board plan, gender, and housing facility. Part-time tuition: $750 per credit hour. Part-time tuition varies according to course load. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: 4-1-4, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 1,043, PT 26, Grad 143 Faculty: FT 44, PT 4 Student-Faculty Ratio: 15:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 73 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 82 Library Holdings: 117,540 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 65 hours, Associates; 130 hours, Bachelors ROTC: Army Professional Accreditation: CSWE Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Lacrosse M; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Tennis M & W; Volleyball M & W

ELMS COLLEGE

291 Springfield St.
Chicopee, MA 01013-2839
Tel: (413)594-2761
Free: 800-255-ELMS
Admissions: (413)592-3189
Fax: (413)594-2781
Web Site: http://www.elms.edu/
President/CEO: Rev. Mark S. Stelzer
Registrar: Laura Lander
Admissions: Joseph P. Wagner
Financial Aid: Troy Davis
Type: Comprehensive Sex: Coed Affiliation: Roman Catholic Scores: 97% SAT V 400+; 99% SAT M 400 + % Accepted: 89 Admission Plans: Early Admission; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: Rolling Application Fee: $30.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $30. Comprehensive fee: $29,920 includes full-time tuition ($21,520) and college room and board ($8400). Part-time tuition: $440 per credit. Part-time mandatory fees: $20 per term. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 681, PT 385, Grad 168 Faculty: FT 59, PT 87 Student-Faculty Ratio: 12:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 84 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 39 Library Holdings: 111,379 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 120 credits, Bachelors ROTC: Army, Air Force Professional Accreditation: AACN, CSWE Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Field Hockey W; Golf M; Lacrosse W; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Swimming and Diving M & W; Volleyball M & W

EMERSON COLLEGE

120 Boylston St.
Boston, MA 02116-4624
Tel: (617)824-8500
Admissions: (617)824-8600
Fax: (617)824-8609
E-mail: admission@emerson.edu
Web Site: http://www.emerson.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Jacqueline W. Liebergott
Registrar: William DeWolf
Admissions: Sara Ramirez
Financial Aid: Daniel Pinch
Type: Comprehensive Sex: Coed Scores: 100% SAT V 400+; 100% SAT M 400+; 15% ACT 18-23; 68% ACT 24-29 % Accepted: 45 Admission Plans: Early Admission; Early Action; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: January 05 Application Fee: $60.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $60. Comprehensive fee: $35,042 includes full-time tuition ($24,064), mandatory fees ($558), and college room and board ($10,420). College room only: $6200. Part-time tuition: $752 per credit hour. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 3,092, PT 281, Grad 953 Faculty: FT 143, PT 238 Student-Faculty Ratio: 14:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 52 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 45 Library Holdings: 174,782 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 128 credits, Bachelors Professional Accreditation: ASLHA Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Lacrosse M & W; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Tennis M & W; Volleyball W

EMMANUEL COLLEGE

400 The Fenway
Boston, MA 02115
Tel: (617)277-9340
Admissions: (617)735-9715
Fax: (617)735-9801
E-mail: enroll@emmanuel.edu
Web Site: http://www.emmanuel.edu/
President/CEO: Sr. Janet Eisner, SND
Registrar: Beth Ross
Admissions: Sandra Robbins
Financial Aid: Jennifer Porter
Type: Comprehensive Sex: Coed Affiliation: Roman Catholic Scores: 99% SAT V 400+; 99% SAT M 400+; 63% ACT 18-23; 18% ACT 24-29 % Accepted: 61 Admission Plans: Early Admission; Early Decision Plan; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: March 01 Application Fee: $40.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $40. Comprehensive fee: $32,000 includes full-time tuition ($21,900), mandatory fees ($400), and college room and board ($9700). Full-time tuition and fees vary according to course load, degree level, and program. Room and board charges vary according to housing facility. Part-time tuition: $684 per credit. Part-time tuition varies according to program. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 1,503, PT 593, Grad 200 Faculty: FT 67, PT 155 Student-Faculty Ratio: 16:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 78 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 65 Library Holdings: 97,627 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 128 credits, Bachelors ROTC: Army Professional Accreditation: NLN Intercollegiate Athletics: Basketball M & W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Tennis W; Track and Field M & W; Volleyball M & W

ENDICOTT COLLEGE

376 Hale St.
Beverly, MA 01915-2096
Tel: (978)927-0585
Free: 800-325-1114
Admissions: (978)921-1000
Fax: (978)927-0084
E-mail: admissio@endicott.edu
Web Site: http://www.endicott.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Richard E. Wylie
Registrar: Anita McFarlane
Admissions: Thomas J. Redman
Financial Aid: Marcia Toomey
Type: Comprehensive Sex: Coed Scores: 99% SAT V 400+; 99% SAT M 400+; 66% ACT 18-23; 25% ACT 24-29 % Accepted: 47 Admission Plans: Deferred Admission Application Deadline: February 15 Application Fee: $40.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $40. Comprehensive fee: $30,156 includes full-time tuition ($19,690), mandatory fees ($700), and college room and board ($9766). College room only: $6846. Full-time tuition and fees vary according to student level. Room and board charges vary according to board plan and housing facility. Part-time tuition: $615 per credit. Part-time mandatory fees: $200 per term. Part-time tuition and fees vary according to student level. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 1,860, PT 178, Grad 1,288 Faculty: FT 66, PT 80 Student-Faculty Ratio: 16:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 62 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 84 Library Holdings: 121,000 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 67 credits, Associates; 124 credits, Bachelors ROTC: Army Professional Accreditation: FIDER, JRCEPAT, NLN Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Equestrian Sports M & W; Field Hockey W; Football M; Golf M & W; Lacrosse M & W; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Tennis M & W; Volleyball M & W

FINE MORTUARY COLLEGE, LLC

150 Kerry Place
Norwood, MA 02062
Tel: (781)762-1211
Fax: (781)762-7177
Web Site: http://www.fine-ne.com/
President/CEO: Dr. Louis Misantone
Type: Two-Year College Sex: Coed Calendar System: Continuous

FISHER COLLEGE

118 Beacon St.
Boston, MA 02116-1500
Tel: (617)236-8800
Free: 800-446-1226
Admissions: (617)236-8822
Fax: (617)236-8858
Web Site: http://www.fisher.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Charles C. Perkins
Registrar: John Ohotnicky
Admissions: Robert Melaragni
Financial Aid: Frank Lauder
Type: Two-Year College Sex: Coed % Accepted: 62 Admission Plans: Deferred Admission Application Deadline: Rolling Application Fee: $25.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $25. Comprehensive fee: $30,280 includes full-time tuition ($18,330), mandatory fees ($950), and college room and board ($11,000). Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 507 Faculty: FT 24, PT 24 Student-Faculty Ratio: 18:1 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 50 Library Holdings: 30,000 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 60 credits, Associates Professional Accreditation: AHIMA Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Softball W

FITCHBURG STATE COLLEGE

160 Pearl St.
Fitchburg, MA 01420-2697
Tel: (978)345-2151
Free: 800-705-9692
Fax: (978)665-4540
Web Site: http://www.fsc.edu/
President/CEO: Robert V. Antonucci
Registrar: Marion Karanja
Type: Comprehensive Sex: Coed Affiliation: Massachusetts Public Higher Education System Scores: 96% SAT V 400+; 97% SAT M 400+; 63% ACT 18-23; 17% ACT 24-29 % Accepted: 67 Admission Plans: Deferred Admission Application Fee: $10.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $10. State resident tuition: $970 full-time, $40.42 per credit part-time. Nonresident tuition: $7050 full-time, $293.75 per credit part-time. Mandatory fees: $4032 full-time, $168 per credit part-time. College room and board: $6274. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 2,950, PT 703, Grad 1,687 Faculty: FT 166, PT 76 Student-Faculty Ratio: 16:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 49 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 48 Library Holdings: 238,743 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 120 semester hours, Bachelors ROTC: Air Force Professional Accreditation: AACN, NAACLS, NCATE Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Field Hockey W; Football M; Ice Hockey M; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Track and Field M & W

FRAMINGHAM STATE COLLEGE

100 State St., PO Box 9101
Framingham, MA 01701-9101
Tel: (508)620-1220
Admissions: (508)626-4500
Fax: (508)626-4017
E-mail: admiss@frc.mass.edu
Web Site: http://www.framingham.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Helen L. Heineman
Registrar: Mark Powers
Admissions: Elizabeth J. Canella
Financial Aid: Susan Lanzillo
Type: Comprehensive Sex: Coed Affiliation: Massachusetts Public Higher Education System Scores: 99% SAT V 400+; 99% SAT M 400 + % Accepted: 64 Admission Plans: Preferred Admission; Early Admission; Early Action; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: February 15 Application Fee: $25.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $25. State resident tuition: $970 full-time, $41 per credit part-time. Nonresident tuition: $7050 full-time, $294 per credit part-time. Mandatory fees: $4029 full-time, $184 per credit part-time. Full-time tuition and fees vary according to class time. Part-time tuition and fees vary according to class time and course load. College room and board: $6157. Room and board charges vary according to board plan and housing facility. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 3,045, PT 727, Grad 2,102 Faculty: FT 167, PT 67 Student-Faculty Ratio: 15:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 47 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 45 Library Holdings: 165,219 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 128 semester hours, Bachelors ROTC: Army Professional Accreditation: AAFCS, ADtA, NLN Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Field Hockey W; Football M; Ice Hockey M; Lacrosse W; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Volleyball W

FRANKLIN W. OLIN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

Olin Way
Needham, MA 02492-1200
Tel: (781)292-2300
Admissions: (781)292-2250
E-mail: duncan.murdoch@olin.edu
Web Site: http://www.olin.edu/
Admissions: Duncan C. Murdoch
Type: Four-Year College Sex: Coed Scores: 100% SAT V 400+; 100% SAT M 400+; 5% ACT 24-29 % Accepted: 23 Admission Plans: Deferred Admission Application Deadline: January 06 Application Fee: $60.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $60. Enrollment: FT 285 Faculty: FT 33, PT 4 Student-Faculty Ratio: 9:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT, SAT II % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 100

GIBBS COLLEGE

126 Newbury St.
Boston, MA 02116-2904
Tel: (617)578-7100
Free: 800-6SK-ILLS
Admissions: (617)578-7150
Fax: (617)262-2610
Web Site: http://www.katharinegibbs.com/
President/CEO: David J. Waldron
Registrar: Alisa Seraton-Cazeau
Admissions: Robert A. Andriola
Financial Aid: Lisa Sander
Type: Two-Year College Sex: Coed Affiliation: Career Education Corporation Application Fee: $25.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Quarter, Summer Session Available Faculty: FT 6, PT 36 Exams: Other Library Holdings: 3,270 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 96 credits, Associates Professional Accreditation: ACICS

GORDON COLLEGE

255 Grapevine Rd.
Wenham, MA 01984-1899
Tel: (978)927-2300; (866)464-6736
Admissions: (978)867-4218
Fax: (978)524-3704
E-mail: admissions@hope.gordonc.edu
Web Site: http://www.gordon.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. R. Judson Carlberg
Registrar: Carol Herrick
Admissions: Nancy Mering
Financial Aid: Barbara R. Layne
Type: Comprehensive Sex: Coed Affiliation: nondenominational Scores: 99.2% SAT V 400+; 99.4% SAT M 400 + % Accepted: 84 Admission Plans: Early Admission; Early Action; Early Decision Plan; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: Rolling Application Fee: $50.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted. For home schooled students: High school diploma or equivalent not required Costs Per Year: Application fee: $50. Comprehensive fee: $29,194 includes full-time tuition ($21,930), mandatory fees ($994), and college room and board ($6270). College room only: $4200. Room and board charges vary according to board plan and housing facility. Part-time mandatory fees: $1550 per credit, $248.50 per term. Part-time fees vary according to course load. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Not available Enrollment: FT 1,555, PT 34, Grad 61 Faculty: FT 93, PT 52 Student-Faculty Ratio: 14:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 67 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 88 Library Holdings: 142,688 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 124 semester hours, Bachelors ROTC: Army, Air Force Professional Accreditation: CSWE, NASM Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Cheerleading M & W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Field Hockey W; Golf M & W; Lacrosse M & W; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Swimming and Diving M & W; Tennis M & W; Volleyball W

GREENFIELD COMMUNITY COLLEGE

1 College Dr.
Greenfield, MA 01301-9739
Tel: (413)775-1000
Admissions: (413)775-1806
Fax: (413)773-5129
Web Site: http://www.gcc.mass.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Robert Pura
Registrar: Heather A. Hoyt
Admissions: Herbert Hentz
Financial Aid: Jane L. Abbott
Type: Two-Year College Sex: Coed % Accepted: 100 Admission Plans: Open Admission; Preferred Admission Application Deadline: Rolling Application Fee: $10.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $10. State resident tuition: $780 full-time, $26 per credit part-time. Nonresident tuition: $8430 full-time, $281 per credit part-time. Mandatory fees: $3227 full-time, $103.50 per credit part-time, $61. Full-time tuition and fees vary according to class time. Part-time tuition and fees vary according to class time. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 994, PT 1,223 Faculty: FT 56, PT 143 Student-Faculty Ratio: 23:1 Exams: Other Library Holdings: 52,690 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 60 credits, Associates Professional Accreditation: NLN

HAMPSHIRE COLLEGE

893 West St.
Amherst, MA 01002
Tel: (413)549-4600; 877-937-4267
Admissions: (413)559-5471
Fax: (413)582-5631
E-mail: admissions@hampshire.edu
Web Site: http://www.hampshire.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Gregory S. Prince, Jr.
Registrar: Roberta Stuart
Admissions: Karen S. Parker
Financial Aid: Kathy Methot
Type: Four-Year College Sex: Coed Scores: 100% SAT V 400+; 100% SAT M 400+; 15% ACT 18-23; 56% ACT 24-29 % Accepted: 64 Admission Plans: Early Admission; Early Action; Early Decision Plan; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: January 15 Application Fee: $55.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma or equivalent not required Costs Per Year: Application fee: $55. Comprehensive fee: $41,038 includes full-time tuition ($31,939), mandatory fees ($580), and college room and board ($8519). College room only: $5433. Room and board charges vary according to board plan. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: 4-1-4, Summer Session Not available Enrollment: FT 1,376 Faculty: FT 94, PT 43 Student-Faculty Ratio: 12:1 % Receiving Financial Aid: 56 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 93 Library Holdings: 136,326 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges ROTC: Army Intercollegiate Athletics: Basketball M & W; Fencing M & W; Soccer M & W

HARVARD UNIVERSITY

Cambridge, MA 02138
Tel: (617)495-1000
Admissions: (617)495-1551
E-mail: college@harvard.edu
Web Site: http://www.harvard.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Lawrence H. Summers
Registrar: Arlene Becella
Admissions: Dr. William R. Fitzsimmons
Financial Aid: James S. Miller
Type: University Sex: Coed % Accepted: 9 Admission Plans: Early Action; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: January 01 Application Fee: $65.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma or equivalent not required Costs Per Year: Application fee: $65. Comprehensive fee: $43,655 includes full-time tuition ($30,275), mandatory fees ($3434), and college room and board ($9946). College room only: $5328. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 6,649, Grad 9,960 Faculty: FT 1,592, PT 443 Student-Faculty Ratio: 7:1 Exams: SAT I and SAT II or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 49 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 96 Library Holdings: 14,000,000 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 16 full-year courses, Bachelors ROTC: Army, Air Force Professional Accreditation: AACSB, ABET, ABA, ADA, ADtA, ACSP, APA, ASLA, AClPE, AALS, ATS, CEPH, LCMEAMA, NASPAA Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Crew M & W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Fencing M & W; Field Hockey W; Football M; Golf M & W; Ice Hockey M & W; Lacrosse M & W; Sailing M & W; Skiing (Cross-Country) M & W; Skiing (Downhill) M & W; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Squash M & W; Swimming and Diving M & W; Tennis M & W; Track and Field M & W; Volleyball M & W; Water Polo M & W; Wrestling M

HEBREW COLLEGE

160 Herrick Rd.
Newton Centre, MA 02459
Tel: (617)559-8600
Free: 800-866-4814
Admissions: (617)559-8610
Fax: (617)559-8601
Web Site: http://www.hebrewcollege.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. David Gordis
Registrar: Evelyn Herwitz
Admissions: Ina Regosin
Financial Aid: Norma Frankel
Type: Comprehensive Sex: Coed Affiliation: Jewish Admission Plans: Open Admission; Early Admission; Early Decision Plan; Deferred Admission Application Fee: $50.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED not accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $50. Tuition: $18,600 full-time, $775 per credit part-time. Mandatory fees: $200 full-time, $100 per semester hour part-time. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 5, PT 1 Faculty: FT 20, PT 21 Exams: SAT I Library Holdings: 125,000 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 120 credits, Bachelors

HELLENIC COLLEGE

50 Goddard Ave.
Brookline, MA 02445-7496
Tel: (617)731-3500; (866)424-2338
Fax: (617)232-7819
E-mail: sdaly@hchc.edu
Web Site: http://www.hchc.edu/
Registrar: Dr. Eugen Pentiuc
Admissions: Sonia Daly
Financial Aid: George A. Georgenes
Type: Four-Year College Sex: Coed Affiliation: Greek Orthodox % Accepted: 50 Admission Plans: Early Action; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: Rolling Application Fee: $50.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $50. Comprehensive fee: $25,075 includes full-time tuition ($15,435), mandatory fees ($380), and college room and board ($9260). Part-time tuition: $643 per credit. Part-time mandatory fees: $260 per term. Part-time tuition and fees vary according to course load. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 84, Grad 35 Faculty: FT 16, PT 16 Student-Faculty Ratio: 9:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT, SAT II % Receiving Financial Aid: 93 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 90 Library Holdings: 115,805 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 128 credits, Bachelors

HOLYOKE COMMUNITY COLLEGE

303 Homestead Ave.
Holyoke, MA 01040-1099
Tel: (413)538-7000; (413)552-2850
Admissions: (413)552-2321
Web Site: http://www.hcc.mass.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. William F. Messner
Registrar: Anthony Sbalbi
Admissions: Marcia Rosbury-Henne
Financial Aid: Karen Derouin
Type: Two-Year College Sex: Coed Affiliation: Massachusetts Public Higher Education System Admission Plans: Open Admission; Early Admission; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: Rolling Application Fee: $10.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $10. State resident tuition: $2570 full-time, $103 per credit part-time. Nonresident tuition: $7514 full-time, $309 per credit part-time. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 3,075, PT 3,183 Faculty: FT 112, PT 315 Student-Faculty Ratio: 15:1 Library Holdings: 75,222 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 60 credits, Associates ROTC: Army, Air Force Professional Accreditation: ACBSP, COptA, JRCERT, NASM, NLN Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Golf M & W; Skiing (Downhill) M & W; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Tennis M & W; Volleyball W

ITT TECHNICAL INSTITUTE (NORWOOD)

333 Providence Hwy.
Norwood, MA 02062
Tel: (781)278-7200
Free: 800-879-8324
Web Site: http://www.itt-tech.edu/
President/CEO: Steve Bonkowski
Admissions: Dennis Saccoia
Type: Two-Year College Sex: Coed Affiliation: ITT Educational Services, Inc Admission Plans: Deferred Admission Application Deadline: Rolling Application Fee: $100.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $100. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Quarter, Summer Session Not available Exams: Other Credit Hours For Degree: 96 credit hours, Associates Professional Accreditation: ACICS

ITT TECHNICAL INSTITUTE (WOBURN)

10 Forbes Rd.
Woburn, MA 01801
Tel: (781)937-8324
Web Site: http://www.itt-tech.edu/
President/CEO: Jeffrey Abrams
Admissions: Nadine Dowling
Type: Two-Year College Sex: Coed Affiliation: ITT Educational Services, Inc Admission Plans: Open Admission; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: Rolling Application Fee: $100.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $100. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Quarter, Summer Session Not available Exams: Other Credit Hours For Degree: 96 credit hours, Associates Professional Accreditation: ACICS

LABOURÉ COLLEGE

2120 Dorchester Ave.
Boston, MA 02124-5698
Tel: (617)296-8300
Web Site: http://www.laboure.edu/
President/CEO: Joseph W. McNabb, PhD
Registrar: Dr. Ann Belanger
Admissions: Gina M. Morrissette
Financial Aid: Daniel Smith
Type: Two-Year College Sex: Coed Affiliation: Roman Catholic Admission Plans: Deferred Admission Application Fee: $25.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Faculty: FT 25, PT 14 Student-Faculty Ratio: 8:1 Library Holdings: 10,975 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 60 credits, Associates Professional Accreditation: AHIMA, JRCEET, JRCERT, NLN

LASELL COLLEGE

1844 Commonwealth Ave.
Newton, MA 02466-2709
Tel: (617)243-2000; 888-LASELL-4
Admissions: (617)243-2225
Fax: (617)796-4343
E-mail: info@lasell.edu
Web Site: http://www.lasell.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Thomas E.J. de Witt
Registrar: Dianne Polizzi
Admissions: James Tweed
Financial Aid: Michele Kosboth
Type: Comprehensive Sex: Coed Scores: 94% SAT V 400+; 95% SAT M 400 + % Accepted: 67 Admission Plans: Deferred Admission Application Deadline: Rolling Application Fee: $40.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $40. Comprehensive fee: $30,100 includes full-time tuition ($19,900), mandatory fees ($1000), and college room and board ($9200). Part-time tuition: $660 per credit hour. Part-time mandatory fees: $250. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Not available Enrollment: FT 1,194, PT 22, Grad 37 Faculty: FT 55, PT 107 Student-Faculty Ratio: 13:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 84 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 80 Library Holdings: 60,250 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 120 semester hours, Bachelors Professional Accreditation: JRCEPAT Intercollegiate Athletics: Basketball M & W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Field Hockey W; Lacrosse M & W; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Volleyball M & W

LESLEY UNIVERSITY

29 Everett St.
Cambridge, MA 02138-2790
Tel: (617)868-9600
Free: 800-999-1959
Admissions: (617)349-8800
Fax: (617)349-8150
E-mail: lcadmissions@lesley.edu
Web Site: http://www.lesley.edu/
President/CEO: Margaret A. McKenna
Registrar: Scott James
Admissions: Deborah Kocar
Type: Comprehensive Sex: Coed Scores: 95% SAT V 400+; 94% SAT M 400 + % Accepted: 72 Admission Plans: Deferred Admission Application Deadline: March 01 Application Fee: $40.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $40. One-time mandatory fee: $950. Comprehensive fee: $34,950 includes full-time tuition ($24,200), mandatory fees ($250), and college room and board ($10,500). College room only: $6400. Full-time tuition and fees vary according to program. Room and board charges vary according to housing facility. Part-time tuition: $1020 per credit. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 1,023, PT 242, Grad 6,033 Faculty: FT 53, PT 131 Student-Faculty Ratio: 11:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 71 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 66 Library Holdings: 118,729 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 128 credits, Bachelors Intercollegiate Athletics: Basketball M & W; Crew M & W; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Volleyball M & W

MARIAN COURT COLLEGE

35 Little's Point Rd.
Swampscott, MA 01907-2840
Tel: (781)595-6768
Fax: (781)595-3560
E-mail: lparker@mariancourt.edu
Web Site: http://www.mariancourt.edu/
President/CEO: Sr. Joanne Bibeau
Registrar: Linda Lundstrom
Admissions: Lisa Emerson Parker
Financial Aid: Melissa Foye
Type: Two-Year College Sex: Coed Affiliation: Roman Catholic Admission Plans: Deferred Admission Application Fee: $0.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 194, PT 87 Faculty: FT 7, PT 18 Student-Faculty Ratio: 10:1 Library Holdings: 5,006 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 60 credits, Associates

MASSACHUSETTS BAY COMMUNITY COLLEGE

50 Oakland St.
Wellesley Hills, MA 02481
Tel: (781)239-3000
Admissions: (781)239-2501
Fax: (781)239-1047
Web Site: http://www.massbay.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Lindsay D. Norman
Registrar: Michael Rice
Admissions: Donna Raposa
Financial Aid: Paula L. Ogden
Type: Two-Year College Sex: Coed % Accepted: 99 Admission Plans: Open Admission; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: Rolling Application Fee: $20.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $20. State resident tuition: $720 full-time. Nonresident tuition: $6900 full-time. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 2,145, PT 2,870 Faculty: FT 73, PT 263 Student-Faculty Ratio: 19:1 Library Holdings: 50,333 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 62 credits, Associates Professional Accreditation: APTA, CARC, JRCERT, NLN Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Golf M & W; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Tennis M & W; Volleyball W

MASSACHUSETTS COLLEGE OF ART

621 Huntington Ave.
Boston, MA 02115-5882
Tel: (617)879-7000
Admissions: (617)879-7225
Fax: (617)879-7250
E-mail: admissions@massart.edu
Web Site: http://www.massart.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Katherine Sloan
Registrar: Frank Callahan
Admissions: Kay Ransdell
Financial Aid: Ken Berryhill
Type: Comprehensive Sex: Coed Affiliation: Massachusetts Public Higher Education System Scores: 100% SAT V 400+; 96% SAT M 400+; 55% ACT 18-23; 45% ACT 24-29 % Accepted: 61 Admission Plans: Preferred Admission; Early Admission; Early Action; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: February 15 Application Fee: $30.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $30. State resident tuition: $6850 full-time. Nonresident tuition: $19,200 full-time. College room and board: $9800. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 1,379, PT 615, Grad 136 Faculty: FT 86, PT 123 Student-Faculty Ratio: 13:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 57 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 26 Library Holdings: 231,586 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 120 credits, Bachelors Professional Accreditation: NASAD

MASSACHUSETTS COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS

375 Church St.
North Adams, MA 01247-4100
Tel: (413)662-5000
Admissions: (413)662-5410
Fax: (413)662-5179
E-mail: admissions@nasc.mass.edu
Web Site: http://www.mcla.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Mary K. Grant
Registrar: Andrea Demayo
Admissions: Denise Richardello
Financial Aid: Elizabeth Petri
Type: Comprehensive Sex: Coed Affiliation: Massachusetts Public Higher Education System Scores: 96.2% SAT V 400+; 92.4% SAT M 400+; 100% ACT 24-29 Admission Plans: Early Action; Deferred Admission Application Fee: $25.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 1,193, PT 265, Grad 353 Faculty: FT 80, PT 42 Student-Faculty Ratio: 14:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT, SAT I % Receiving Financial Aid: 68 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 65 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 120 credits, Bachelors Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Golf M; Ice Hockey M & W; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Tennis W

MASSACHUSETTS COLLEGE OF PHARMACY AND HEALTH SCIENCES

179 Longwood Ave.
Boston, MA 02115-5896
Tel: (617)732-2800
Free: 800-225-5506
Admissions: (617)732-2850
Fax: (617)732-2801
E-mail: admissions@mcphs.edu
Web Site: http://www.mcphs.edu/
President/CEO: Charles F. Monahan
Registrar: Marjorie McMahon
Admissions: William Dunpey
Financial Aid: Carrie Glass
Type: University Sex: Coed Scores: 99% SAT V 400+; 100% SAT M 400+; 62% ACT 18-23; 28% ACT 24-29 % Accepted: 76 Admission Plans: Early Admission; Early Decision Plan; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: February 01 Application Fee: $70.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $70. Comprehensive fee: $32,270 includes full-time tuition ($20,400), mandatory fees ($650), and college room and board ($11,220). College room only: $7900. Part-time tuition: $750 per credit. Part-time mandatory fees: $160 per term. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 1,764, PT 122, Grad 276 Faculty: FT 157, PT 5 Student-Faculty Ratio: 17:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 85 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 30 Library Holdings: 32,000 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 127 semester hours, Bachelors ROTC: Army, Air Force Professional Accreditation: ACPhE, ADA, JRCNMT, NLN

MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

77 Massachusetts Ave.
Cambridge, MA 02139-4307
Tel: (617)253-1000
Admissions: (617)253-4791
Fax: (617)258-8304
E-mail: admissions@mit.edu
Web Site: http://web.mit.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Susan Hockfield
Registrar: Mary R. Callahan
Admissions: Marilee Jones
Financial Aid: Elizabeth M. Hicks
Type: University Sex: Coed Scores: 100% SAT V 400+; 100% SAT M 400+; 12% ACT 24-29 % Accepted: 14 Admission Plans: Early Action; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: January 01 Application Fee: $65.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma or equivalent not required Costs Per Year: Application fee: $65. Comprehensive fee: $41,800 includes full-time tuition ($32,100), mandatory fees ($200), and college room and board ($9500). College room only: $5250. Room and board charges vary according to board plan and housing facility. Part-time tuition: $505 per unit. Part-time tuition varies according to course load. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: 4-1-4, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 4,014, PT 52, Grad 6,140 Faculty: FT 1,177, PT 377 Student-Faculty Ratio: 7:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT, SAT II % Receiving Financial Aid: 64 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 93 Library Holdings: 2,707,849 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 17 General Institute Requirements (GIR) plus 180 units beyond the GIRs, Bachelors ROTC: Army, Navy, Air Force Professional Accreditation: AACSB, ABET, ACSP Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Cheerleading M & W; Crew M & W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Fencing M & W; Field Hockey W; Football M; Golf M; Gymnastics M & W; Ice Hockey M & W; Lacrosse M & W; Riflery M & W; Sailing M & W; Skiing (Cross-Country) M & W; Skiing (Downhill) M & W; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Squash M; Swimming and Diving M & W; Tennis M & W; Track and Field M & W; Volleyball M & W; Water Polo M; Wrestling M

MASSACHUSETTS MARITIME ACADEMY

101 Academy Dr.
Buzzards Bay, MA 02532-1803
Tel: (508)830-5000
Free: 800-544-3411
Admissions: (508)830-6441
Fax: (508)830-5077
Web Site: http://www.maritime.edu/
President/CEO: Rear Adm. Maurice J. Bresnahan, Jr.
Registrar: Capt. Allen R. Hansen
Admissions: Capt. Fran McDonald
Financial Aid: Elizabeth Benway
Type: Comprehensive Sex: Coed Affiliation: Massachusetts Public Higher Education System Scores: 93% SAT V 400+; 99% SAT M 400+; 90% ACT 18-23; 2% ACT 24-29 % Accepted: 61 Admission Plans: Early Decision Plan; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: Rolling Application Fee: $50.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $50. Area resident tuition: $1062 full-time. State resident tuition: $1591 full-time. Nonresident tuition: $11,591 full-time. Mandatory fees: $4045 full-time. College room and board: $6464. College room only: $3286. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 923, PT 46, Grad 39 Faculty: FT 59, PT 11 Student-Faculty Ratio: 15:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 44 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 100 Library Holdings: 55,000 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 164 semester hours, Bachelors ROTC: Army, Navy Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Crew M & W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Football M; Lacrosse M; Riflery M & W; Sailing M & W; Soccer M; Softball W; Volleyball W

MASSASOIT COMMUNITY COLLEGE

1 Massasoit Blvd.
Brockton, MA 02302-3996
Tel: (508)588-9100
Fax: (508)427-1220
Web Site: http://www.massasoit.mass.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Robert R. Rose
Registrar: Daniel Kimborowicz
Admissions: Michelle Hughes
Financial Aid: Sharon McLaughlin
Type: Two-Year College Sex: Coed Admission Plans: Open Admission; Preferred Admission Application Fee: $0.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $0. State resident tuition: $576 full-time. Nonresident tuition: $5520 full-time. Mandatory fees: $2088 full-time. Full-time tuition and fees vary according to course load. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 3,178, PT 3,630 Faculty: FT 131, PT 359 Library Holdings: 75,000 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 60 credits, Associates Professional Accreditation: ADA, CARC, JRCERT, NLN Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Soccer M & W; Softball W

MERRIMACK COLLEGE

315 Turnpike St.
North Andover, MA 01845-5800
Tel: (978)837-5000
Fax: (978)837-5222
Web Site: http://www.merrimack.edu/
President/CEO: Richard J. Santagati
Registrar: Martin Grace
Financial Aid: Christine A. Mordach
Type: Comprehensive Sex: Coed Affiliation: Roman Catholic Scores: 100% SAT V 400+; 100% SAT M 400+; 78% ACT 18-23; 19% ACT 24-29 % Accepted: 71 Admission Plans: Early Admission; Early Action; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: February 01 Application Fee: $50.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $50. Comprehensive fee: $34,380 includes full-time tuition ($24,200), mandatory fees ($450), and college room and board ($9730). College room only: $5500. Full-time tuition and fees vary according to program and student level. Room and board charges vary according to board plan and housing facility. Part-time tuition: $900 per credit. Part-time mandatory fees: $55 per term. Part-time tuition and fees vary according to class time, course level, course load, and degree level. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 1,950, PT 204, Grad 34 Faculty: FT 143, PT 80 Student-Faculty Ratio: 12:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 61 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 74 Library Holdings: 115,639 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 20 courses, Associates; 40 courses, Bachelors ROTC: Air Force Professional Accreditation: ABET, JRCEPAT Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Field Hockey W; Football M; Ice Hockey M; Lacrosse M & W; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Tennis M & W; Track and Field M & W; Volleyball M & W

MIDDLESEX COMMUNITY COLLEGE

Springs Rd.
Bedford, MA 01730-1655
Tel: (781)280-3200
Admissions: (978)656-3207
Fax: (978)656-3322
E-mail: orellanad@middlesex.cc.ma.us
Web Site: http://www.middlesex.mass.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Carole A. Cowan
Registrar: Audrey Nahabedian
Admissions: Laurie Dimitrov
Financial Aid: Christopher J. Fiori
Type: Two-Year College Sex: Coed Affiliation: Massachusetts Public Higher Education System Admission Plans: Open Admission; Preferred Admission; Early Admission Application Fee: $0.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Faculty: FT 125, PT 343 Exams: Other Library Holdings: 52,960 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 60 credits, Associates ROTC: Air Force Professional Accreditation: AAMAE, ADA, JRCEDMS, JRCERT, NLN

MONTSERRAT COLLEGE OF ART

23 Essex St., Box 26
Beverly, MA 01915
Tel: (978)922-8222
Free: 800-836-0487
Admissions: (978)921-4242
Fax: (978)922-4268
E-mail: admiss@montserrat.edu
Web Site: http://www.montserrat.edu/
President/CEO: Stan Trecker
Registrar: Theresa Bonacci
Admissions: Jessica Sarin-Perry
Financial Aid: Creda Camacho
Type: Four-Year College Sex: Coed Scores: 92% SAT V 400+; 86% SAT M 400+; 83% ACT 18-23 % Accepted: 85 Admission Plans: Deferred Admission Application Deadline: August 01 Application Fee: $40.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $40. One-time mandatory fee: $725. Tuition: $19,934 full-time, $831 per credit part-time. Mandatory fees: $745 full-time, $22 per credit part-time. Full-time tuition and fees vary according to course load. Part-time tuition and fees vary according to course load. College room only: $5300. Room charges vary according to housing facility. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Not available Enrollment: FT 279, PT 29 Faculty: FT 26, PT 37 Student-Faculty Ratio: 7:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 76 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 53 Library Holdings: 12,025 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 120 credits, Bachelors ROTC: Air Force Professional Accreditation: NASAD

MOUNT HOLYOKE COLLEGE

50 College St.
South Hadley, MA 01075
Tel: (413)538-2000
Admissions: (413)538-2023
Fax: (413)538-2409
E-mail: admission@mtholyoke.edu
Web Site: http://www.mtholyoke.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Joanne V. Creighton
Registrar: Monica Augustin
Admissions: Diane Anci
Financial Aid: Jill Cashman
Type: Comprehensive Sex: Women Scores: 100% SAT V 400+; 99.67% SAT M 400+; 57.5% ACT 18-23; 3.75% ACT 24-29 % Accepted: 52 Admission Plans: Early Admission; Early Decision Plan; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: January 15 Application Fee: $60.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $60. Comprehensive fee: $42,148 includes full-time tuition ($32,430), mandatory fees ($168), and college room and board ($9550). College room only: $4670. Room and board charges vary according to board plan and housing facility. Part-time tuition: $1015 per credit hour. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: 4-1-4, Summer Session Not available Enrollment: FT 2,052, PT 73, Grad 2 Faculty: FT 207, PT 34 Student-Faculty Ratio: 10:1 Exams: SAT II % Receiving Financial Aid: 63 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 93 Library Holdings: 909,720 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 128 credit hours, Bachelors ROTC: Army, Air Force Intercollegiate Athletics: Basketball W; Crew W; Cross-Country Running W; Equestrian Sports W; Field Hockey W; Golf W; Lacrosse W; Soccer W; Softball W; Squash W; Swimming and Diving W; Tennis W; Track and Field W; Volleyball W

MOUNT IDA COLLEGE

777 Dedham St.
Newton, MA 02459-3310
Tel: (617)928-4500
Fax: (617)928-4507
Web Site: http://www.mountida.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Carol J. Matteson
Admissions: Judith Kaufman
Financial Aid: Linda Mularczyk
Type: Four-Year College Sex: Coed Scores: 73.3% SAT V 400+; 68.3% SAT M 400 + Admission Plans: Early Action; Deferred Admission Application Fee: $35.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $35. Comprehensive fee: $28,926 includes full-time tuition ($18,500), mandatory fees ($596), and college room and board ($9830). Part-time tuition: $515 per credit hour. part-time mandatory fees: $15 per credit. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Not available Enrollment: FT 1,191, PT 106 Faculty: FT 60, PT 154 Student-Faculty Ratio: 14:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 83 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 38 Library Holdings: 100,695 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 60 credit hours, Associates; 120 credit hours, Bachelors Professional Accreditation: ABFSE, ADA, FIDER, NASAD Intercollegiate Athletics: Basketball M & W; Cross-Country Running W; Equestrian Sports W; Football M; Lacrosse M; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Volleyball M & W

MOUNT WACHUSETT COMMUNITY COLLEGE

444 Green St.
Gardner, MA 01440-1000
Tel: (978)632-6600
Fax: (978)632-8925
Web Site: http://www.mwcc.mass.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Daniel M. Asquino
Registrar: Glenn Roberts
Admissions: John D. Walsh
Financial Aid: Kelly Morrissey
Type: Two-Year College Sex: Coed Affiliation: Massachusetts Public Higher Education System % Accepted: 98 Admission Plans: Open Admission; Preferred Admission; Early Admission Application Deadline: Rolling Application Fee: $10.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $10. State resident tuition: $750 full-time, $25 per credit part-time. Nonresident tuition: $6900 full-time, $230 per credit part-time. Mandatory fees: $3480 full-time, $111 per credit part-time, $55 per term part-time. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 1,958, PT 2,212 Faculty: FT 71, PT 150 Student-Faculty Ratio: 22:1 Library Holdings: 56,344 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 60 credits, Associates Professional Accreditation: AAMAE, APTA, NLN

NEW ENGLAND COLLEGE OF FINANCE

10 High St.
Ste. 204
Boston, MA 02111-2645
Tel: (617)951-2350; 888-696-NECF
Fax: (617)951-2533
Web Site: http://www.finance.edu/
President/CEO: Robert A. Regan
Registrar: Robert Nagstaff
Admissions: Robert Wagstaff
Type: Two-Year College Sex: Coed Admission Plans: Open Admission Application Deadline: Rolling Application Fee: $0.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $0. Tuition: $242 per semester hour part-time. Calendar System: Miscellaneous, Summer Session Available Enrollment: , PT 412 Faculty: FT 0, PT 216 Student-Faculty Ratio: 11:1 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 63 credits, Associates

NEW ENGLAND CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC

290 Huntington Ave.
Boston, MA 02115-5000
Tel: (617)585-1100
Admissions: (617)585-1101
Fax: (617)585-1115
E-mail: tnovak@newenglandconservatory.edu
Web Site: http://www.newenglandconservatory.edu/
President/CEO: Daniel Steiner
Registrar: Robert Winkley
Admissions: Tom Novak
Financial Aid: Ken Ferreira
Type: Comprehensive Sex: Coed % Accepted: 30 Admission Plans: Deferred Admission Application Deadline: December 01 Application Fee: $100.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $100. Comprehensive fee: $40,389 includes full-time tuition ($29,000), mandatory fees ($300), and college room and board ($11,089). Part-time tuition: $950 per credit. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 388, PT 24, Grad 389 Faculty: FT 83, PT 127 Student-Faculty Ratio: 4:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 61 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 40 Library Holdings: 78,853 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 120 credit hours, Bachelors Professional Accreditation: NASM

THE NEW ENGLAND INSTITUTE OF ART

10 Brookline Place West
Brookline, MA 02445
Tel: (617)267-7910
Admissions: (617)739-1700
Fax: (617)236-7883
E-mail: aine_admissions@aii.edu
Web Site: http://www.neia.aii.edu/
President/CEO: Stacy Sweeney
Registrar: Adrienne McLaughlin
Admissions: Ken Post
Financial Aid: Deana Coady
Type: Four-Year College Sex: Coed Affiliation: Education Management Corporation % Accepted: 97 Application Deadline: Rolling Application Fee: $50.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $50. Comprehensive fee: $28,053 includes full-time tuition ($17,850), mandatory fees ($225), and college room and board ($9978). College room only: $7718. Part-time tuition: $595 per credit. Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Not available Enrollment: FT 1,004, PT 289 Faculty: FT 34, PT 81 Student-Faculty Ratio: 18:1 Library Holdings: 8,800 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 61 credits, Associates; 120 credits, Bachelors

NEWBURY COLLEGE

129 Fisher Ave.
Brookline, MA 02445
Tel: (617)730-7000
Free: 800-NEW-BURY
Admissions: (617)730-7007
Fax: (617)731-9618
E-mail: info@newbury.edu
Web Site: http://www.newbury.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. David A. Ellis
Registrar: Rachelle Mazza
Admissions: Salvadore Liberto
Financial Aid: Jeannie Gonzales
Type: Four-Year College Sex: Coed Scores: 67% SAT V 400+; 64% SAT M 400+; 50% ACT 18-23; 25% ACT 24-29 % Accepted: 74 Admission Plans: Early Admission; Early Action; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: Rolling Application Fee: $50.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $50. Comprehensive fee: $24,350 includes full-time tuition ($15,500), mandatory fees ($600), and college room and board ($8250). Full-time tuition and fees vary according to class time, course load, and program. Room and board charges vary according to board plan and housing facility. Part-time tuition: $220 per credit. Part-time tuition varies according to class time, course load, and program. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 928, PT 383 Faculty: FT 28, PT 65 Student-Faculty Ratio: 15:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 65 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 47 Library Holdings: 32,500 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 60 credits, Associates; 121 credits, Bachelors Professional Accreditation: FIDER Intercollegiate Athletics: Basketball M & W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Golf M & W; Soccer M; Softball W; Tennis M & W; Volleyball M & W

NICHOLS COLLEGE

PO Box 5000
Dudley, MA 01571-5000
Tel: (508)213-1560
Free: 800-470-3379
Admissions: (508)213-2203
Fax: (508)213-9885
E-mail: joe.bellavance@nichols.edu
Web Site: http://www.nichols.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Debra M. Murphy
Registrar: Deana Gleason
Admissions: R. Joseph Bellavance
Financial Aid: Diane Gillespie
Type: Comprehensive Sex: Coed Scores: 79.9% SAT V 400+; 83.2% SAT M 400 + Admission Plans: Early Admission; Deferred Admission Application Fee: $25.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 938, PT 494, Grad 360 Faculty: FT 38, PT 27 Student-Faculty Ratio: 20:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 65 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 80 Library Holdings: 43,989 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 122 credit hours, Bachelors ROTC: Army Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Cheerleading M & W; Field Hockey W; Football M; Golf M & W; Ice Hockey M; Lacrosse M & W; Racquetball M & W; Rugby M & W; Skiing (Downhill) M; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Tennis M & W; Volleyball W

NORTH SHORE COMMUNITY COLLEGE

1 Ferncroft Rd.
Danvers, MA 01923-4093
Tel: (978)762-4000
Fax: (978)762-4021
Web Site: http://www.northshore.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Wayne Burton
Admissions: Dr. Joanne Light
Financial Aid: Del Brown
Type: Two-Year College Sex: Coed % Accepted: 90 Admission Plans: Open Admission; Preferred Admission; Early Admission Application Deadline: Rolling Application Fee: $0.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $0. State resident tuition: $600 full-time, $25 per credit part-time. Nonresident tuition: $6168 full-time, $257 per credit part-time. Mandatory fees: $2184 full-time, $91 per credit part-time. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 2,764, PT 3,840 Faculty: FT 135, PT 269 Student-Faculty Ratio: 18:1 Library Holdings: 97,818 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 60 credits, Associates Professional Accreditation: AOTA, APTA, CARC, CAA, JRCERT, NLN

NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY

360 Huntington Ave.
Boston, MA 02115-5096
Tel: (617)373-2000
Admissions: (617)373-2200
Fax: (617)373-8780
E-mail: admissions@neu.edu
Web Site: http://www.northeastern.edu
Registrar: Linda D. Allen
Admissions: Ronne Turner
Financial Aid: Seamus Harreys
Type: University Sex: Coed Scores: 99% SAT V 400+; 100% SAT M 400+; 14% ACT 18-23; 69% ACT 24-29 % Accepted: 47 Admission Plans: Early Admission; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: January 15 Application Fee: $75.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $75. Comprehensive fee: $39,342 includes full-time tuition ($28,400), mandatory fees ($392), and college room and board ($10,550). College room only: $5620. Room and board charges vary according to board plan and housing facility. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 14,730, Grad 4,193 Faculty: FT 853, PT 404 Student-Faculty Ratio: 16:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 60 Library Holdings: 965,833 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 128 semester hour, Bachelors ROTC: Army, Navy, Air Force Professional Accreditation: AACSB, ABET, ACPE, AACN, AANA, ABA, ACPhE, AHIMA, APTA, APA, ASLHA, AALS, CARC, CORE, JRCEPAT, NAACLS, NASPAA, NLN Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Crew M & W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Field Hockey W; Football M; Ice Hockey M & W; Soccer M & W; Swimming and Diving W; Tennis M; Track and Field M & W; Volleyball W

NORTHERN ESSEX COMMUNITY COLLEGE

100 Elliott St.
Haverhill, MA 01830
Tel: (978)556-3000
Free: 800-NECC-123
Admissions: (978)556-3616
E-mail: nsheridan@necc.mass.edu
Web Site: http://www.necc.mass.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. David F. Hartleb
Registrar: Kevin Stanley
Admissions: Nora Sheridan
Financial Aid: Nancy Sabin
Type: Two-Year College Sex: Coed % Accepted: 95 Admission Plans: Open Admission; Preferred Admission; Early Admission Application Deadline: Rolling Application Fee: $0.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $0. State resident tuition: $3150 full-time, $105 per credit part-time. Nonresident tuition: $3660 full-time, $346 per credit part-time. Full-time tuition varies according to course load, degree level, program, and reciprocity agreements. Part-time tuition varies according to course load, degree level, program, and reciprocity agreements. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 2,300, PT 4,062 Faculty: FT 99, PT 398 Student-Faculty Ratio: 20:1 Exams: Other Library Holdings: 61,120 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 60 credits, Associates ROTC: Air Force Professional Accreditation: ADA, AHIMA, CARC, JRCERT, NLN Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Volleyball M & W

PINE MANOR COLLEGE

400 Heath St.
Chestnut Hill, MA 02467
Tel: (617)731-7000
Free: 800-762-1357
Admissions: (617)731-7104
Fax: (617)731-7199
E-mail: admisson@pmc.edu
Web Site: http://www.pmc.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Gloria Nemerowicz
Registrar: Kerry Boyd
Admissions: Robin Engel
Financial Aid: Nancy Amaral
Type: Four-Year College Sex: Women Scores: 59% SAT V 400+; 53% SAT M 400+; 56% ACT 18-23 % Accepted: 94 Admission Plans: Preferred Admission; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: Rolling Application Fee: $25.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $25. Comprehensive fee: $25,288 includes full-time tuition ($15,538), mandatory fees ($250), and college room and board ($9500). Full-time tuition and fees vary according to course load. Part-time tuition: $460 per credit. Part-time tuition varies according to course load. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 448, PT 13 Faculty: FT 30, PT 36 Student-Faculty Ratio: 10:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 77 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 74 Library Holdings: 65,359 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 16 courses, Associates; 32 courses, Bachelors Intercollegiate Athletics: Basketball W; Cross-Country Running W; Lacrosse W; Soccer W; Softball W; Tennis W; Volleyball W

QUINCY COLLEGE

34 Coddington St.
Quincy, MA 02169-4522
Tel: (617)984-1600
Admissions: (617)984-1775
Fax: (617)984-1669
Web Site: http://www.quincycollege.edu/
President/CEO: Sean L. Barry
Admissions: Tom DeSantes
Financial Aid: Rose DeVito
Type: Two-Year College Sex: Coed Admission Plans: Open Admission; Early Admission; Deferred Admission Application Fee: $20.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $20. State resident tuition: $4500 full-time. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Faculty: FT 20, PT 384 Exams: Other Library Holdings: 32,000 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 60 credits, Associates Professional Accreditation: NLN

QUINSIGAMOND COMMUNITY COLLEGE

670 West Boylston St.
Worcester, MA 01606-2092
Tel: (508)853-2300
Admissions: (508)854-4262
Fax: (508)852-6943
E-mail: qccadm@qcc.mass.edu
Web Site: http://www.qcc.mass.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Sandra Kurtinitis
Registrar: Tara Fitzgerald-Jenkins
Admissions: Ronald Smith
Financial Aid: Maribeth Ford
Type: Two-Year College Sex: Coed % Accepted: 100 Admission Plans: Open Admission Application Deadline: Rolling Application Fee: $20.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $20. State resident tuition: $576 full-time, $24 per credit part-time. Nonresident tuition: $5520 full-time, $230 per credit part-time. Mandatory fees: $2479 full-time, $96 per credit part-time, $85 per term part-time. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 2,761, PT 3,209 Faculty: FT 106, PT 292 Library Holdings: 54,000 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 60 credits, Associates ROTC: Army Professional Accreditation: AAMAE, ADA, AOTA, CARC, JRCERT, NLN Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Softball W

REGIS COLLEGE

235 Wellesley St.
Weston, MA 02493
Tel: (781)768-7000; (866)438-7344
Admissions: (781)768-7100
Fax: (781)768-8339
Web Site: http://www.regiscollege.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Mary Jane England
Registrar: Dr. Patricia McDonough, CSJ
Admissions: Emily Keily
Financial Aid: Delores Ludwick
Type: Comprehensive Affiliation: Roman Catholic Scores: 85.07% SAT V 400+; 80.52% SAT M 400+; 40% ACT 18-23; 20% ACT 24-29 % Accepted: 76 Admission Plans: Deferred Admission Application Deadline: Rolling Application Fee: $40.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $40. Comprehensive fee: $31,350 includes full-time tuition ($21,525) and college room and board ($9825). College room only: $4995. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 621, PT 222, Grad 460 Faculty: FT 55, PT 58 Student-Faculty Ratio: 13:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 80 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 46 Library Holdings: 137,070 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 72 credits, Associates; 36 courses, Bachelors ROTC: Army Professional Accreditation: CSWE, NLN Intercollegiate Athletics: Basketball W; Cross-Country Running W; Field Hockey W; Lacrosse W; Soccer W; Softball W; Swimming and Diving W; Tennis W; Track and Field W; Volleyball W

ROXBURY COMMUNITY COLLEGE

1234 Columbus Ave.
Roxbury Crossing, MA 02120-3400
Tel: (617)427-0060
Admissions: (617)541-5310
Web Site: http://www.rcc.mass.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Randolph Bromery
Registrar: Valerie Abrahamsen
Admissions: Milton Samuels
Financial Aid: Raymond O'Rourke
Type: Two-Year College Sex: Coed Affiliation: Massachusetts Public Higher Education System Admission Plans: Open Admission; Preferred Admission; Deferred Admission Application Fee: $10.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 1,124, PT 1,258 Faculty: FT 65, PT 55 Student-Faculty Ratio: 16:1 Library Holdings: 12,800 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 60 credits, Associates Professional Accreditation: NLN Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Soccer M & W; Tennis M & W

SALEM STATE COLLEGE

352 Lafayette St.
Salem, MA 01970-5353
Tel: (978)542-6000
Admissions: (978)542-6200
Fax: (978)542-6126
Web Site: http://www.salemstate.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Nancy D. Harrington
Registrar: Ali Guvendiren
Admissions: Nate Bryant
Financial Aid: Mary Benda
Type: Comprehensive Sex: Coed Affiliation: Massachusetts Public Higher Education System Scores: 83.6% SAT V 400+; 84.29% SAT M 400+; 68.4% ACT 18-23; 10.5% ACT 24-29 % Accepted: 90 Admission Plans: Preferred Admission; Early Admission Application Deadline: Rolling Application Fee: $25.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $25. State resident tuition: $910 full-time, $37.92 per credit part-time. Nonresident tuition: $7050 full-time, $293.75 per credit part-time. Mandatory fees: $4,374 full-time, $182.24 per credit part-time, $13.50 per term part-time. Full-time tuition and fees vary according to class time. Part-time tuition and fees vary according to class time. College room and board: $7350. College room only: $5047. Room and board charges vary according to board plan and housing facility. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 5,468, PT 1,828, Grad 2,567 Faculty: FT 296, PT 372 Student-Faculty Ratio: 17:1 Exams: SAT I and SAT II or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 48 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 21 Library Holdings: 217,842 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 125 semester hours, Bachelors Professional Accreditation: AACN, AOTA, CSWE, JRCEPAT, JRCNMT, NASAD, NAST, NCATE, NLN Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Field Hockey W; Golf M; Ice Hockey M; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Swimming and Diving M & W; Tennis M & W; Track and Field M & W; Volleyball W

SCHOOL OF THE MUSEUM OF FINE ARTS, BOSTON

230 The Fenway
Boston, MA 02115
Tel: (617)267-6100
Admissions: (617)369-3626
Fax: (617)369-3679
E-mail: info@smfa.edu
Web Site: http://www.smfa.edu/
President/CEO: Deborah Dluhy
Registrar: Cheryl Martin
Admissions: Susan Clain
Financial Aid: Beth Goreham
Type: Comprehensive Sex: Coed Affiliation: Tufts University; Museum of Fine Arts, Boston Scores: 97% SAT V 400+; 95% SAT M 400+; 14% ACT 18-23; 57% ACT 24-29 % Accepted: 84 Admission Plans: Deferred Admission Application Deadline: February 01 Application Fee: $65.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $65. Tuition: $23,850 full-time, $1000 per credit hour part-time. Mandatory fees: $910 full-time, $455 per term part-time. Full-time tuition and fees vary according to course load, degree level, and program. Part-time tuition and fees vary according to class time, course load, and program. College room only: $10,795. Room charges vary according to housing facility. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 611, PT 66, Grad 96 Faculty: FT 51, PT 129 Student-Faculty Ratio: 9:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 66 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 9 Library Holdings: 280,000 Credit Hours For Degree: 162 credits, Bachelors Professional Accreditation: NASAD

SIMMONS COLLEGE

300 The Fenway
Boston, MA 02115
Tel: (617)521-2000
Free: 800-345-8468
Admissions: (617)521-2057
Fax: (617)521-3199
E-mail: ugadm@simmons.edu
Web Site: http://www.simmons.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Daniel Cheever
Registrar: Donna Dolan
Admissions: Catherine Childs-Capolupo
Financial Aid: Barry Paine
Type: University Scores: 99% SAT V 400+; 100% SAT M 400+; 55% ACT 18-23; 40% ACT 24-29 % Accepted: 64 Admission Plans: Early Admission; Early Action; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: February 02 Application Fee: $35.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $35. Comprehensive fee: $35,640 includes full-time tuition ($24,680), mandatory fees ($760), and college room and board ($10,200). Full-time tuition and fees vary according to course load. Part-time tuition: $770 per semester hour. Part-time tuition varies according to course load. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 1,688, PT 277, Grad 2,840 Faculty: FT 193, PT 181 Student-Faculty Ratio: 12:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 70 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 70 Library Holdings: 253,145 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 128 semester hours, Bachelors ROTC: Army, Navy, Air Force Professional Accreditation: ACEHSA, AACN, ADtA, ALA, APTA, CSWE, NLN Intercollegiate Athletics: Basketball W; Crew W; Field Hockey W; Sailing W; Soccer W; Softball W; Swimming and Diving W; Tennis W; Track and Field W; Volleyball W

SIMON'S ROCK COLLEGE OF BARD

84 Alford Rd.
Great Barrington, MA 01230-9702
Tel: (413)528-0771
Free: 800-235-7186
Admissions: (413)528-7245
Fax: (413)528-7334
E-mail: admit@simons-rock.edu
Web Site: http://www.simons-rock.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Leon Botstein
Registrar: Rochelle Duffy
Admissions: Leslie Davidson
Financial Aid: Kristin Johnson
Type: Four-Year College Sex: Coed Affiliation: Bard College Scores: 98% SAT V 400+; 98% SAT M 400+; 22% ACT 18-23; 45% ACT 24-29 % Accepted: 79 Admission Plans: Early Admission; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: June 15 Application Fee: $40.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma or equivalent not required Costs Per Year: Application fee: $40. Comprehensive fee: $41,988 includes full-time tuition ($32,834), mandatory fees ($500), and college room and board ($8654). Full-time tuition and fees vary according to course load and program. Part-time tuition: $285 per credit hour. Part-time mandatory fees: $650. Part-time tuition and fees vary according to course load and program. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Not available Enrollment: FT 369, PT 17 Faculty: FT 38, PT 30 Student-Faculty Ratio: 8:1 Exams: ACT, Other, SAT I % Receiving Financial Aid: 71 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 81 Library Holdings: 73,514 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 60 credit hours, Associates; 120 credit hours, Bachelors Intercollegiate Athletics: Basketball M & W; Cheerleading M & W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Fencing M & W; Racquetball M & W; Soccer M & W; Swimming and Diving M & W

SMITH COLLEGE

Northampton, MA 01063
Tel: (413)584-2700
Free: 800-383-3232
Admissions: (413)585-2500
Fax: (413)585-2123
E-mail: admission@smith.edu
Web Site: http://www.smith.edu/
President/CEO: Carol Christ
Registrar: Patricia O'Neil
Admissions: Debra Shaver
Financial Aid: Deborah Leukens
Type: Comprehensive Scores: 99.83% SAT V 400+; 100% SAT M 400+; 16.8% ACT 18-23; 53.3% ACT 24-29 % Accepted: 52 Admission Plans: Early Admission; Early Decision Plan; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: January 15 Application Fee: $60.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma or equivalent not required Costs Per Year: Application fee: $60. Comprehensive fee: $41,474 includes full-time tuition ($30,520), mandatory fees ($234), and college room and board ($10,720). College room only: $5160. Room and board charges vary according to housing facility. Part-time tuition: $955 per credit hour. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Not available Enrollment: FT 2,612, PT 30, Grad 451 Faculty: FT 288, PT 28 Student-Faculty Ratio: 9:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 60 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 90 Library Holdings: 1,296,828 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 128 credits, Bachelors ROTC: Army Professional Accreditation: CSWE Intercollegiate Athletics: Basketball W; Crew W; Cross-Country Running W; Equestrian Sports W; Field Hockey W; Lacrosse W; Skiing (Downhill) W; Soccer W; Softball W; Squash W; Swimming and Diving W; Tennis W; Track and Field W; Volleyball W

SPRINGFIELD COLLEGE

263 Alden St.
Springfield, MA 01109-3797
Tel: (413)748-3000
Free: 800-343-1257
Admissions: (413)748-3136
Fax: (413)748-3764
E-mail: admissions@spfldcol.edu
Web Site: http://www.spfldcol.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Richard B. Flynn
Registrar: Irene Rios
Admissions: Mary N. DeAngelo
Financial Aid: Ed Ciosek
Type: Comprehensive Sex: Coed % Accepted: 69 Admission Plans: Preferred Admission; Early Admission; Early Decision Plan; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: April 01 Application Fee: $50.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $50. Comprehensive fee: $30,845 includes full-time tuition ($22,390), mandatory fees ($325), and college room and board ($8130). College room only: $4400. Part-time tuition: $679 per credit. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 2,172, PT 45, Grad 938 Faculty: FT 174, PT 168 Student-Faculty Ratio: 12:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 77 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 85 Library Holdings: 125,000 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 130 credit hours, Bachelors ROTC: Army, Air Force Professional Accreditation: AOTA, APTA, CORE, CSWE, JRCEPAT, NRPA Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Field Hockey W; Football M; Golf M; Gymnastics M & W; Lacrosse M & W; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Swimming and Diving M & W; Tennis M & W; Track and Field M & W; Volleyball M & W; Wrestling M

SPRINGFIELD TECHNICAL COMMUNITY COLLEGE

1 Armory Square, PO Box 9000
Springfield, MA 01102-9000 Tel: (413)781-7822
Fax: (413)781-5805
E-mail: admissions@stccadm.stcc.mass.edu
Web Site: http://www.stcc.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Andrew M. Scibelli
Registrar: Jane Alinovi
Admissions: Louisa Davis-Freeman
Type: Two-Year College Sex: Coed % Accepted: 93 Admission Plans: Open Admission Application Deadline: Rolling Application Fee: $10.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $10. State resident tuition: $750 full-time, $25 per credit hour part-time. Nonresident tuition: $7260 full-time, $242 per credit hour part-time. Mandatory fees: $2604 full-time, $80 per credit hour part-time, $109 per term part-time. Full-time tuition and fees vary according to course load. Part-time tuition and fees vary according to course load. Tuition guaranteed not to increase for student's term of enrollment. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 2,658, PT 3,165 Faculty: FT 154, PT 281 Student-Faculty Ratio: 15:1 Exams: SAT I Library Holdings: 63,945 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 60 credits, Associates Professional Accreditation: ARCEST, AAMAE, ADA, AOTA, APTA, CARC, JRCEDMS, JRCERT, JRCNMT, NAACLS, NLN Intercollegiate Athletics: Basketball M & W; Golf M & W; Soccer M & W; Tennis M & W; Wrestling M

STONEHILL COLLEGE

320 Washington St.
Easton, MA 02357-5510
Tel: (508)565-1000
Admissions: (508)565-1373
Fax: (508)565-1500
E-mail: admissions@stonehill.edu
Web Site: http://www.stonehill.edu/
President/CEO: Rev. Mark T. Cregan, CSC
Registrar: Linda I. Sullivan
Admissions: Brian P. Murphy
Financial Aid: Eileen K. O'Leary
Type: Comprehensive Sex: Coed Affiliation: Roman Catholic Scores: 100% SAT V 400+; 100% SAT M 400+; 25% ACT 18-23; 69% ACT 24-29 % Accepted: 57 Admission Plans: Early Admission; Early Decision Plan; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: January 15 Application Fee: $50.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $50. Comprehensive fee: $36,104 includes full-time tuition ($25,540) and college room and board ($10,564). Part-time tuition: $840 per course. Part-time mandatory fees: $25 per term. Part-time tuition and fees vary according to course load. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 2,260, PT 171, Grad 12 Faculty: FT 132, PT 121 Student-Faculty Ratio: 13:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 64 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 82 Library Holdings: 215,581 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 40 courses, Bachelors ROTC: Army Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Cheerleading M & W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Equestrian Sports W; Field Hockey W; Football M; Golf M & W; Ice Hockey M; Lacrosse M & W; Rugby M & W; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Tennis M & W; Track and Field M & W; Ultimate Frisbee M & W; Volleyball M & W

SUFFOLK UNIVERSITY

8 Ashburton Place
Boston, MA 02108-2770
Tel: (617)573-8000
Free: 800-6-SUFFOLK
Admissions: (617)573-8749
Fax: (617)742-4291
E-mail: admission@admin.suffolk.edu
Web Site: http://www.suffolk.edu/
President/CEO: David J. Sargent
Registrar: Mary Lally
Admissions: John Hamel
Financial Aid: Christine Perry
Type: Comprehensive Sex: Coed Scores: 93.1% SAT V 400+; 94.8% SAT M 400+; 61.5% ACT 18-23; 25% ACT 24-29 % Accepted: 82 Admission Plans: Early Action; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: March 15 Application Fee: $50.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $50. Comprehensive fee: $33,160 includes full-time tuition ($21,140), mandatory fees ($80), and college room and board ($11,940). College room only: $10,020. Room and board charges vary according to board plan and housing facility. part-time tuition: $526 per credit. Part-time mandatory fees: $10 per term. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 4,075, PT 709, Grad 2,019 Faculty: FT 255, PT 524 Student-Faculty Ratio: 12:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 54 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 19 Library Holdings: 129,562 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 66 semester hours, Associates; 122 semester hours, Bachelors ROTC: Army Professional Accreditation: AACSB, ABA, APA, AALS, FIDER, NASAD, NASPAA Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Golf M; Ice Hockey M; Soccer M; Softball W; Tennis M & W; Volleyball W

TUFTS UNIVERSITY

Medford, MA 02155
Tel: (617)628-5000
Admissions: (617)627-3170
Fax: (617)627-3860
E-mail: admissions.inquiry@ase.tufts.edu
Web Site: http://www.tufts.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Lawrence S. Bacow
Registrar: JoAnn M. Smith
Admissions: Lee Coffin
Financial Aid: Patricia Reilly
Type: University Sex: Coed Scores: 100% SAT V 400+; 100% SAT M 400+; 3% ACT 18-23; 33% ACT 24-29 % Accepted: 28 Admission Plans: Early Admission; Early Decision Plan; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: January 01 Application Fee: $70.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $70. Comprehensive fee: $42,018 includes full-time tuition ($31,828), mandatory fees ($793), and college room and board ($9397). College room only: $4827. Room and board charges vary according to board plan. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 4,971, PT 107, Grad 3,051 Faculty: FT 765, PT 429 Student-Faculty Ratio: 9:1 Exams: SAT I and SAT II or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 38 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 75 Library Holdings: 1,613,000 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 34 courses, Bachelors ROTC: Army, Navy, Air Force Professional Accreditation: ABET, ADA, ADtA, ACSP, AOTA, APA, AVMA, CEPH, LCMEAMA Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Crew M & W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Fencing W; Field Hockey W; Football M; Golf M; Ice Hockey M; Lacrosse M & W; Sailing M & W; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Squash M & W; Swimming and Diving M & W; Tennis M & W; Track and Field M & W; Volleyball W

UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST

Amherst, MA 01003
Tel: (413)545-0111
Admissions: (413)545-0222
Fax: (413)545-4312
E-mail: kk@admissions.umass.edu
Web Site: http://www.umass.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. John V. Lombardi
Registrar: Patricia M. Stowell
Admissions: Kevin Kelly
Financial Aid: Kenneth W. Burnham
Type: University Sex: Coed Affiliation: University of Massachusetts Scores: 97.9% SAT V 400+; 99.1% SAT M 400 + % Accepted: 80 Admission Plans: Early Action Application Deadline: January 15 Application Fee: $40.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $40. State resident tuition: $2031 full-time. Nonresident tuition: $10,857 full-time. Mandatory fees: $7564 full-time. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 18,054, PT 1,340, Grad 5,699 Faculty: FT 1,148, PT 190 Student-Faculty Ratio: 17:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 51 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 61 Library Holdings: 3,158,359 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 60 credits, Associates; 120 credits, Bachelors ROTC: Army, Air Force Professional Accreditation: AACSB, ABET, AACN, AAFCS, ADtA, ACSP, APA, ASLA, ASLHA, CEPH, NASM, NCATE, SAF Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Cheerleading M & W; Crew W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Field Hockey W; Football M; Ice Hockey M; Lacrosse M & W; Skiing (Downhill) M & W; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Swimming and Diving M & W; Tennis M; Track and Field M & W; Volleyball W

UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS BOSTON

100 Morrissey Blvd.
Boston, MA 02125-3393
Tel: (617)287-5000
Admissions: (617)287-6100
E-mail: undergrad@umassp.edu
Web Site: http://www.umb.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Jo Ann M. Gora
Registrar: David Cesario
Admissions: Liliana Mickle
Financial Aid: Judy Keyes
Type: University Sex: Coed Affiliation: University of Massachusetts Scores: 96% SAT V 400+; 97% SAT M 400 + % Accepted: 60 Admission Plans: Deferred Admission Application Deadline: June 01 Application Fee: $40.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $40. State resident tuition: $1714 full-time, $71.50 per credit hour part-time. Nonresident tuition: $9758 full-time, $406.50 per credit hour part-time. Mandatory fees: $6551 full-time, $273 per credit hour part-time. Full-time tuition and fees vary according to class time, course load, program, reciprocity agreements, and student level. Part-time tuition and fees vary according to class time, course load, program, reciprocity agreements, and student level. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 5,768, PT 3,190, Grad 2,904 Faculty: FT 445, PT 368 Student-Faculty Ratio: 14:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 64 Library Holdings: 584,015 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 120 credits, Bachelors Professional Accreditation: AACSB, AAMFT, AACN, APA, CORE, NCATE Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Ice Hockey M; Lacrosse M; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Tennis M & W; Track and Field M & W; Volleyball W

UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS DARTMOUTH

285 Old Westport Rd.
North Dartmouth, MA 02747-2300
Tel: (508)999-8000
Admissions: (508)999-8605
Fax: (508)999-8755
E-mail: sbriggs@umassd.edu
Web Site: http://www.umassd.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Jean F. MacCormack
Admissions: Steven Briggs
Financial Aid: Bruce Palmer
Type: University Sex: Coed Affiliation: University of Massachusetts Scores: 96% SAT V 400+; 97% SAT M 400+; 67% ACT 18-23; 22% ACT 24-29 % Accepted: 74 Admission Plans: Early Admission; Early Decision Plan; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: Rolling Application Fee: $35.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $35, $55 for nonresidents. State resident tuition: $1417 full-time, $59.04 per credit part-time. Nonresident tuition: $8099 full-time, $454.88 per credit part-time. Mandatory fees: $6619 full-time, $275.79 per credit part-time. Full-time tuition and fees vary according to reciprocity agreements. Part-time tuition and fees vary according to course load and reciprocity agreements. College room and board: $7634. College room only: $4460. Room and board charges vary according to board plan and housing facility. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 6,449, PT 1,070, Grad 1,030 Faculty: FT 355, PT 216 Student-Faculty Ratio: 17:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 64 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 48 Library Holdings: 947,000 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 120 credit hours, Bachelors ROTC: Army Professional Accreditation: AACSB, ABET, NAACLS, NASAD, NLN Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Cheerleading W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Equestrian Sports M & W; Field Hockey W; Football M; Golf M & W; Ice Hockey M; Lacrosse M & W; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Swimming and Diving M & W; Tennis M & W; Track and Field M & W; Volleyball W

UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS LOWELL

1 University Ave.
Lowell, MA 01854-2881
Tel: (978)934-4000
Free: 800-410-4607
Admissions: (978)934-3944
Fax: (978)934-3000
Web Site: http://www.uml.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. William T. Hogan
Registrar: Janet King
Admissions: Kerri Mead
Financial Aid: Richard Barrett
Type: University Sex: Coed Affiliation: University of Massachusetts Scores: 98% SAT V 400+; 99% SAT M 400 + % Accepted: 63 Admission Plans: Deferred Admission Application Deadline: Rolling Application Fee: $20.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $20. State resident tuition: $1454 full-time, $60.58 per credit part-time. Nonresident tuition: $8567 full-time, $356.96 per credit part-time. Mandatory fees: $6712 full-time, $291.33 per credit part-time. College room and board: $6311. College room only: $3810. Room and board charges vary according to board plan and housing facility. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Faculty: FT 383, PT 240 Student-Faculty Ratio: 17:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 50 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 40 Library Holdings: 549,243 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 60 credits, Associates; 120 credits, Bachelors ROTC: Air Force Professional Accreditation: AACSB, ABET, AACN, APTA, NAACLS, NASAD, NASM, NCATE Intercollegiate Athletics: Basketball M & W; Crew M & W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Field Hockey W; Football M; Golf M; Ice Hockey M; Soccer M; Swimming and Diving M; Tennis M & W; Track and Field M & W; Volleyball W; Wrestling M

UNIVERSITY OF PHOENIX-BOSTON CAMPUS

100 Grossman Dr.
Braintree, MA 02184-4949
Tel: (781)843-0844
Free: 800-228-7240
Admissions: (480)557-1712
Web Site: http://www.phoenix.edu/
President/CEO: Jackie Armitage
Admissions: Nina Omelchanko
Type: Comprehensive Sex: Coed Admission Plans: Open Admission; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: Rolling Application Fee: $110.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $110. Tuition: $13,020 full-time, $434 per credit part-time. Mandatory fees: $560 full-time, $70 per course part-time. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Continuous, Summer Session Not available Enrollment: FT 421, Grad 207 Faculty: FT 4, PT 115 Student-Faculty Ratio: 5:1 Library Holdings: 444 Regional Accreditation: North Central Association of Colleges and Schools Credit Hours For Degree: 60 credits, Associates; 120 credits, Bachelors

UNIVERSITY OF PHOENIX-CENTRAL MASSACHUSETTS CAMPUS

One Research Dr.
Westborough, MA 01581
Tel: (508)614-4100
Free: 800-228-7240
Admissions: (480)557-1712
Web Site: http://www.phoenix.edu/
Admissions: Nina Omelchanko
Type: Comprehensive Sex: Coed Admission Plans: Open Admission; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: Rolling Application Fee: $110.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $110. Tuition: $13,020 full-time, $434 per credit part-time. Mandatory fees: $560 full-time, $70 per course part-time. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Continuous, Summer Session Not available Enrollment: FT 233, Grad 106 Faculty: FT 2, PT 49 Student-Faculty Ratio: 4:1 Library Holdings: 444 Regional Accreditation: North Central Association of Colleges and Schools Credit Hours For Degree: 60 credits, Associates; 120 credits, Bachelors

URBAN COLLEGE OF BOSTON

178 Tremont St.
Boston, MA 02111
Tel: (617)292-4723
Fax: (617)423-4758
Web Site: http://www.urbancollegeofboston.org/
President/CEO: Dr. Linda E. Turner
Admissions: Dr. Henry J. Johnson
Financial Aid: Pat Harden
Type: Two-Year College Sex: Coed Application Fee: $10.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester Enrollment: FT 12, PT 597 Faculty: FT 3, PT 21 Student-Faculty Ratio: 20:1 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 65 credits, Associates

WELLESLEY COLLEGE

106 Central St.
Wellesley, MA 02481
Tel: (781)283-1000
Admissions: (781)283-2257
Fax: (781)283-3678
E-mail: admission@wellesley.edu
Web Site: http://www.wellesley.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Diana Chapman Walsh
Registrar: Ann Hamilton
Admissions: Heather Woodcock Ayres
Financial Aid: Kathryn Osmond
Type: Four-Year College Sex: Women Scores: 100% SAT V 400+; 100% SAT M 400+; 2% ACT 18-23; 42% ACT 24-29 % Accepted: 34 Admission Plans: Early Admission; Early Decision Plan; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: January 15 Application Fee: $50.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma or equivalent not required Costs Per Year: Application fee: $50. Comprehensive fee: $41,030 includes full-time tuition ($30,696), mandatory fees ($652), and college room and board ($9682). College room only: $4906. Room and board charges vary according to board plan. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 2,216, PT 115 Faculty: FT 227, PT 102 Student-Faculty Ratio: 9:1 Exams: SAT I and SAT II or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 60 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 97 Library Holdings: 765,530 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 32 courses, Bachelors ROTC: Army, Air Force Intercollegiate Athletics: Basketball W; Crew W; Cross-Country Running W; Fencing W; Field Hockey W; Golf W; Lacrosse W; Rugby W; Sailing W; Skiing (Downhill) W; Soccer W; Softball W; Squash W; Swimming and Diving W; Tennis W; Track and Field W; Ultimate Frisbee W; Volleyball W

WENTWORTH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

550 Huntington Ave.
Boston, MA 02115-5998
Tel: (617)989-4590
Free: 800-556-0610
Fax: (617)989-4010
Web Site: http://www.wit.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. John F. Van Domelen
Registrar: Kevin Stanley
Financial Aid: Traci Cady
Type: Four-Year College Sex: Coed Scores: 86% SAT V 400+; 94% SAT M 400 + % Accepted: 60 Admission Plans: Deferred Admission Application Deadline: Rolling Application Fee: $30.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $30. Comprehensive fee: $27,500 includes full-time tuition ($18,500) and college room and board ($9000). Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Miscellaneous, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 3,141, PT 495 Faculty: FT 115, PT 124 Student-Faculty Ratio: 24:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 42 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 41 Library Holdings: 77,000 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 72 credits, Associates; 128 credits, Bachelors ROTC: Army, Air Force Professional Accreditation: ABET, ACCE, FIDER Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Golf M & W; Ice Hockey M; Lacrosse M; Riflery M & W; Rugby M; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Tennis M & W; Volleyball M & W

WESTERN NEW ENGLAND COLLEGE

1215 Wilbraham Rd.
Springfield, MA 01119
Tel: (413)782-3111
Free: 800-325-1122
Admissions: (413)782-1321
Fax: (413)782-1777
E-mail: ugradmis@wnec.edu
Web Site: http://www.wnec.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Anthony S. Caprio
Registrar: Rodney W. Pease
Admissions: Dr. Charles R. Pollock
Financial Aid: Kathleen M. Chambers
Type: Comprehensive Sex: Coed Scores: 99% SAT V 400+; 99% SAT M 400+; 60% ACT 18-23; 30% ACT 24-29 % Accepted: 75 Application Deadline: Rolling Application Fee: $50.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $50. Comprehensive fee: $32,054 includes full-time tuition ($21,600), mandatory fees ($1564), and college room and board ($8890). Full-time tuition and fees vary according to program and student level. Room and board charges vary according to board plan and housing facility. Part-time tuition: $452 per credit hour. Part-time mandatory fees: $21 per term. part-time tuition and fees vary according to program. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 2,363, PT 477, Grad 293 Faculty: FT 164, PT 156 Student-Faculty Ratio: 15:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 71 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 57 Library Holdings: 100,010 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 60 semester hours, Associates; 122 semester hours, Bachelors ROTC: Army, Air Force Professional Accreditation: AACSB, ABET, ABA, AALS, CSWE Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Bowling M & W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Field Hockey W; Football M; Golf M; Ice Hockey M; Lacrosse M & W; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Swimming and Diving W; Tennis M & W; Volleyball W; Wrestling M

WESTFIELD STATE COLLEGE

Western Ave.
Westfield, MA 01086
Tel: (413)572-5300
Admissions: (413)572-5218
E-mail: admission@wsc.mass.edu
Web Site: http://www.wsc.ma.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Frederick Woodward
Registrar: Cynthia Siegler
Admissions: Michelle Mattie
Financial Aid: Michelle Mattie
Type: Comprehensive Sex: Coed Affiliation: Massachusetts Public Higher Education System Scores: 97.07% SAT V 400+; 97.06%SATM400+; 60% ACT 18-23; 33.33% ACT 24-29 % Accepted: 74 Admission Plans: Deferred Admission Application Deadline: March 01 Application Fee: $25.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $25. State resident tuition: $970 full-time. Nonresident tuition: $7050 full-time. Mandatory fees: $4687 full-time. College room and board: $6470. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 4,112, PT 555, Grad 678 Faculty: FT 179, PT 165 Student-Faculty Ratio: 18:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT, SAT I % Receiving Financial Aid: 65 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 54 Library Holdings: 124,363 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 120 credit hours, Bachelors ROTC: Army, Air Force Professional Accreditation: CSWE, JRCEPAT, NCATE Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Cheerleading M & W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Field Hockey W; Football M; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Swimming and Diving W; Track and Field M & W; Volleyball W

WHEATON COLLEGE

East Main St.
Norton, MA 02766
Tel: (508)285-7722
Free: 800-394-6003
Admissions: (508)286-8251
Fax: (508)285-8271
E-mail: admission@wheatonma.edu
Web Site: http://www.wheatoncollege.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Dale Rogers Marshall
Registrar: Patricia Santilli
Admissions: Gail Berson
Financial Aid: Susan Beard
Type: Four-Year College Sex: Coed Scores: 100% SAT V 400+; 100% SAT M 400+; 8% ACT 18-23; 65% ACT 24-29 % Accepted: 44 Admission Plans: Early Admission; Early Decision Plan; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: January 15 Application Fee: $55.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $55. Comprehensive fee: $40,180 includes full-time tuition ($32,115), mandatory fees ($235), and college room and board ($7830). College room only: $4130. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Not available Enrollment: FT 1,558, PT 10 Faculty: FT 121, PT 40 Student-Faculty Ratio: 11:1 % Receiving Financial Aid: 49 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 97 Library Holdings: 372,322 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 32 courses, Bachelors ROTC: Army Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Field Hockey W; Lacrosse W; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Swimming and Diving M & W; Tennis M & W; Track and Field M & W; Volleyball W

WHEELOCK COLLEGE

200 The Riverway
Boston, MA 02215-4176
Tel: (617)879-2000
Free: 800-734-5212
Admissions: (617)879-2209
Fax: (617)566-7531
E-mail: undergrad@wheelock.edu
Web Site: http://www.wheelock.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Marjorie Bakken
Registrar: David Twombly
Admissions: Lisa Walmsley
Financial Aid: Daniel Forster
Type: Comprehensive Sex: Coed Scores: 92% SAT V 400+; 87% SAT M 400+; 50% ACT 18-23; 50% ACT 24-29 % Accepted: 77 Admission Plans: Early Decision Plan; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: March 01 Application Fee: $35.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $35. Comprehensive fee: $33,075 includes full-time tuition ($23,100), mandatory fees ($525), and college room and board ($9450). Part-time tuition: $722 per credit. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Not available Enrollment: FT 623, PT 40, Grad 353 Faculty: FT 65, PT 30 Student-Faculty Ratio: 11:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 73 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 69 Library Holdings: 93,534 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 134 credits, Bachelors Professional Accreditation: CSWE, NCATE Intercollegiate Athletics: Basketball W; Field Hockey W; Soccer W; Softball W; Swimming and Diving W

WILLIAMS COLLEGE

PO Box 687
Williamstown, MA 01267
Tel: (413)597-3131
Admissions: (413)597-2211
Fax: (413)597-4018
E-mail: admission@williams.edu
Web Site: http://www.williams.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Morton Owen Schapiro
Registrar: Charles R. Toomajian, Jr.
Admissions: Richard L. Nesbitt
Financial Aid: Paul J. Boyer
Type: Comprehensive Sex: Coed Scores: 100% SAT V 400+; 100% SAT M 400+; 1% ACT 18-23; 29% ACT 24-29 % Accepted: 19 Admission Plans: Early Admission; Early Decision Plan; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: January 01 Application Fee: $60.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma or equivalent not required Costs Per Year: Application fee: $60. Comprehensive fee: $40,310 includes full-time tuition ($31,548), mandatory fees ($212), and college room and board ($8550). College room only: $4330. Room and board charges vary according to board plan. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: 4-1-4, Summer Session Not available Enrollment: FT 1,984, PT 33, Grad 53 Faculty: FT 257, PT 55 Student-Faculty Ratio: 7:1 Exams: SAT I and SAT II or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 42 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 93 Library Holdings: 932,000 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 36 courses, Bachelors Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Crew M & W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Equestrian Sports M & W; Field Hockey W; Football M; Golf M & W; Ice Hockey M & W; Lacrosse M & W; Rugby M & W; Sailing M & W; Skiing (Cross-Country) M & W; Skiing (Downhill) M & W; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Squash M & W; Swimming and Diving M & W; Tennis M & W; Track and Field M & W; Volleyball M & W; Water Polo M & W; Wrestling M

WORCESTER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE

100 Institute Rd.
Worcester, MA 01609-2280
Tel: (508)831-5000
Admissions: (508)831-5286
Fax: (508)831-5875
E-mail: admissiosn@wpi.edu
Web Site: http://www.wpi.edu/
President/CEO: Dennis D. Berkey
Registrar: Nikki Andrews
Admissions: Edward J. Connor
Financial Aid: Michael J. Curley
Type: University Sex: Coed Scores: 100% SAT V 400+; 100% SAT M 400+; 16% ACT 18-23; 60% ACT 24-29 % Accepted: 71 Admission Plans: Early Admission; Early Action; Early Decision Plan; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: February 01 Application Fee: $60.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $60. Comprehensive fee: $43,110 includes full-time tuition ($32,850), mandatory fees ($420), and college room and board ($9840). College room only: $5720. Part-time tuition: $2738 per unit. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Miscellaneous, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 2,811, PT 81, Grad 1,018 Faculty: FT 232, PT 85 Student-Faculty Ratio: 13:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT, SAT II % Receiving Financial Aid: 74 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 60 Library Holdings: 275,299 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 45 courses, Bachelors ROTC: Army, Navy, Air Force Professional Accreditation: AACSB, ABET Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Crew M & W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Field Hockey W; Football M; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Swimming and Diving M & W; Track and Field M & W; Volleyball W; Water Polo M & W; Wrestling M

WORCESTER STATE COLLEGE

486 Chandler St.
Worcester, MA 01602-2597
Tel: (508)929-8000; (866)WSC-CALL
Admissions: (508)929-8825
Fax: (508)929-8131
Web Site: http://www.worcester.edu/
President/CEO: Dr. Janelle C. Ashley
Registrar: Julie Chaffee
Admissions: Jay Tierney
Financial Aid: Jayne McGinn
Type: Comprehensive Sex: Coed Affiliation: Massachusetts Public Higher Education System Scores: 93.3% SAT V 400+; 97.55% SAT M 400+; 57. 45% ACT 18-23; 10.64% ACT 24-29 % Accepted: 59 Admission Plans: Early Admission; Deferred Admission Application Deadline: June 01 Application Fee: $20.00 H.S. Requirements: High school diploma required; GED not accepted Costs Per Year: Application fee: $20. State resident tuition: $970 full-time, $40.42 per credit part-time. Nonresident tuition: $7050 full-time, $293.75 per credit part-time. Mandatory fees: $4109 full-time, $167.04 per credit part-time. Full-time tuition and fees vary according to class time, course load, and reciprocity agreements. Part-time tuition and fees vary according to class time, course load, and reciprocity agreements. College room and board: $7420. College room only: $4730. Room and board charges vary according to board plan and housing facility. Scholarships: Available Calendar System: Semester, Summer Session Available Enrollment: FT 3,242, PT 1,356, Grad 873 Faculty: FT 167, PT 233 Student-Faculty Ratio: 17:1 Exams: SAT I or ACT % Receiving Financial Aid: 43 % Residing in College-Owned, -Operated, or -Affiliated Housing: 34 Library Holdings: 150,419 Regional Accreditation: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Credit Hours For Degree: 120 credits, Bachelors ROTC: Army, Navy, Air Force Professional Accreditation: AOTA, ASLHA, JRCNMT, NLN Intercollegiate Athletics: Baseball M; Basketball M & W; Cheerleading M & W; Crew M & W; Cross-Country Running M & W; Equestrian Sports M & W; Field Hockey W; Football M; Golf M; Ice Hockey M; Lacrosse W; Soccer M & W; Softball W; Tennis M & W; Track and Field M & W; Volleyball M & W

College Blue Book

Massachusetts

views updated Jun 08 2018

Massachusetts

AMERICAN INTERNATIONAL COLLEGE

Accounting, B

Adult and Continuing Education and Teaching, B

Biochemistry, B

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

Business Administration and Management, AB

Business Administration, Management and Operations, M

Business Teacher Education, B

Business/Managerial Economics, B

Chemistry, B

Clinical Laboratory Science/Medical Technology/Technologist, B

Clinical Psychology, M

Criminal Justice/Law Enforcement Administration, B

Criminal Justice/Police Science, B

Criminology, M

Economics, B

Education, BMDO

Educational Administration and Supervision, MO

Educational Psychology, MD

Elementary Education and Teaching, BMO

English Language and Literature, B

Finance, B

Forensic Psychology, M

History, B

Human Resources Development, MO

Human Resources Management/Personnel Administration, B

Human Services, B

Information Science/Studies, B

International Business/Trade/Commerce, B

International Relations and Affairs, B

Junior High/Intermediate/Middle School Education and Teaching, B

Kindergarten/PreSchool Education and Teaching, B

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, AB

Management Information Systems and Services, B

Marketing/Marketing Management, B

Mass Communication/Media Studies, B

Mathematics, B

Nursing, M

Nursing - Registered Nurse Training, B

Occupational Therapy/Therapist, BM

Organizational Management, M

Philosophy, B

Physical Therapy/Therapist, BM

Political Science and Government, B

Pre-Dentistry Studies, B

Pre-Law Studies, B

Pre-Medicine/Pre-Medical Studies, B

Pre-Veterinary Studies, B

Psychology, BMD

Public Administration, BM

Reading Teacher Education, MO

Secondary Education and Teaching, BMO

Social Sciences, B

Sociology, B

Spanish Language and Literature, B

Special Education and Teaching, BMO

AMHERST COLLEGE

African-American/Black Studies, B

American/United States Studies/Civilization, B

Ancient/Classical Greek Language and Literature, B

Anthropology, B

Art/Art Studies, General, B

Asian Studies/Civilization, B

Astronomy, B

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

Chemistry, B

Classics and Classical Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics, B

Computer Science, B

Dance, B

Drama and Dramatics/Theatre Arts, B

Economics, B

English Language and Literature, B

European Studies/Civilization, B

Fine/Studio Arts, B

French Language and Literature, B

Geology/Earth Science, B

German Language and Literature, B

History, B

Interdisciplinary Studies, B

Latin Language and Literature, B

Law and Legal Studies, B

Mathematics, B

Music, B

Neuroscience, B

Philosophy, B

Physics, B

Political Science and Government, B

Psychology, B

Religion/Religious Studies, B

Russian Language and Literature, B

Sociology, B

Spanish Language and Literature, B

Women's Studies, B

ANNA MARIA COLLEGE

Art Teacher Education, B

Art Therapy/Therapist, B

Art/Art Studies, General, B

Behavioral Sciences, B

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

Business Administration and Management, AB

Business Administration, Management and Operations, MO

Computer and Information Sciences and Support Services, B

Counseling Psychology, M

Criminal Justice/Law Enforcement Administration, B

Criminology, M

Early Childhood Education and Teaching, M

Education, MO

Elementary Education and Teaching, BM

English Language and Literature, B

Environmental and Occupational Health, M

Fine Arts and Art Studies, M

Fine/Studio Arts, B

Fire Protection Engineering, M

Fire Science/Firefighting, B

History, B

Human Services, M

Interdisciplinary Studies, B

Kindergarten/PreSchool Education and Teaching, B

Legal Assistant/Paralegal, AB

Music, B

Music Teacher Education, B

Music Therapy/Therapist, B

Nursing - Registered Nurse Training, B

Pastoral Studies/Counseling, M

Philosophy, B

Piano and Organ, B

Political Science and Government, B

Psychology, BM

Public Policy Analysis, MO

Reading Teacher Education, M

Religion/Religious Studies, B

Social Sciences, B

Social Work, B

Voice and Opera, B

THE ART INSTITUTE OF BOSTON AT LESLEY UNIVERSITY

Fine Arts and Art Studies, M

Fine/Studio Arts, B

Graphic Design, B

Illustration, B

Photography, B

ASSUMPTION COLLEGE

Accounting, B

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

BioTechnology, B

Business Administration and Management, B

Business Administration, Management and Operations, MO

Chemistry, B

Classics and Classical Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics, B

Computer Science, B

Counseling Psychology, MO

Economics, B

Elementary Education and Teaching, B

English Language and Literature, B

Environmental Sciences, B

Foreign Languages and Literatures, B

French Language and Literature, B

History, B

International Business/Trade/Commerce, B

International/Global Studies, B

Latin American Studies, B

Marketing/Marketing Management, B

Mathematics, B

Molecular Biology, B

Organizational Communication, B

Philosophy, B

Political Science and Government, B

Psychology, B

Rehabilitation and Therapeutic Professions, B

Rehabilitation Counseling, MO

School Psychology, M

Secondary Education and Teaching, B

Sociology, B

Spanish Language and Literature, B

Special Education and Teaching, M

Theology/Theological Studies, B

Visual and Performing Arts, B

ATLANTIC UNION COLLEGE

Accounting, B

Administrative Assistant and Secretarial Science, A

Adult and Continuing Education and Teaching, B

Art Teacher Education, B

Art/Art Studies, General, B

Biochemistry, B

Biological and Physical Sciences, B

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

Business Administration and Management, B

Business Teacher Education, B

Chemistry, B

Clinical Laboratory Science/Medical Technology/Technologist, B

Computer Programming/Programmer, A

Computer Science, B

Divinity/Ministry (BD, MDiv.), AB

Education, BM

Elementary Education and Teaching, B

English Language and Literature, B

French Language and Literature, B

History, B

Information Science/Studies, B

Interior Design, B

Kindergarten/PreSchool Education and Teaching, AB

Kinesiology and Exercise Science, A

Legal Assistant/Paralegal, A

Mathematics, B

Modern Languages, B

Music, B

Music Teacher Education, B

Natural Sciences, B

Nursing - Registered Nurse Training, AB

Physical Education Teaching and Coaching, B

Pre-Dentistry Studies, B

Pre-Engineering, A

Pre-Law Studies, B

Pre-Medicine/Pre-Medical Studies, B

Pre-Veterinary Studies, B

Psychology, B

Religion/Religious Studies, AB

Religious/Sacred Music, B

Secondary Education and Teaching, B

Social Work, B

Sociology, B

Spanish Language and Literature, B

Theology/Theological Studies, B

BABSON COLLEGE

Accounting, B

Accounting and Business/Management, B

Accounting and Finance, B

Auditing, B

Business Administration and Management, B

Business Administration, Management and Operations, BM

Business/Corporate Communications, B

Economics, B

Entrepreneurial and Small Business Operations, B

Entrepreneurship/Entrepreneurial Studies, B

Finance, B

Finance and Financial Management Services, B

International Business/Trade/Commerce, BM

International Finance, B

Investments and Securities, B

Management Information Systems and Services, B

Marketing, B

Marketing/Marketing Management, B

Office Management and Supervision, B

Operations Management and Supervision, B

Operations Research, B

Pre-Law Studies, B

Sales, Distribution and Marketing Operations, B

Small Business Administration/Management, B

BAY PATH COLLEGE

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

BioTechnology, B

Business/Commerce, B

Criminal Justice/Law Enforcement Administration, B

Elementary Education and Teaching, B

Entrepreneurship/Entrepreneurial Studies, M

International Business/Trade/Commerce, B

Kindergarten/PreSchool Education and Teaching, B

Law and Legal Studies, B

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, B

Management Information Systems and Services, M

Occupational Therapy/Therapist, BM

Pre-Law Studies, B

Psychology, B

BAY STATE COLLEGE

Accounting, A

Administrative Assistant and Secretarial Science, A

Business Administration and Management, AB

Consumer Merchandising/Retailing Management, A

Criminal Justice/Law Enforcement Administration, A

Early Childhood Education and Teaching, A

Fashion Merchandising, AB

Fashion/Apparel Design, A

General Studies, A

Hospitality Administration/Management, A

Legal Administrative Assistant/Secretary, A

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, A

Marketing/Marketing Management, B

Medical Administrative Assistant/Secretary, A

Medical/Clinical Assistant, A

Physical Therapy/Therapist, A

Recording Arts Technology/Technician, A

Tourism and Travel Services Management, A

BECKER COLLEGE

Accounting, AB

Animal Sciences, A

Animal Training, A

Business Administration and Management, AB

Business Administration, Management and Operations, B

Commercial and Advertising Art, AB

Computer and Information Sciences and Support Services, AB

Criminal Justice/Law Enforcement Administration, AB

Criminal Justice/Police Science, AB

Dog/Pet/Animal Grooming, A

Early Childhood Education and Teaching, B

Education, B

Elementary Education and Teaching, B

Graphic Design, AB

Horse Husbandry/Equine Science and Management, B

Hospitality Administration/Management, B

Hotel/Motel Administration/Management, B

Human Resources Management and Services, AB

Kinesiology and Exercise Science, B

Legal Assistant/Paralegal, A

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, AB

Marketing/Marketing Management, B

Nursing - Registered Nurse Training, A

Physical Therapist Assistant, A

Pre-Veterinary Studies, B

Psychology, B

Sport and Fitness Administration/Management, B

Tourism and Travel Services Management, B

Veterinary/Animal Health Technology/Technician and Veterinary Assistant, A

BENJAMIN FRANKLIN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Architectural Engineering Technology/Technician, A

Automobile/Automotive Mechanics Technology/Technician, AB

Automotive Engineering Technology/Technician, AB

Computer Engineering Technology/Technician, A

Computer Science, A

Drafting and Design Technology/Technician, A

Electrical and Power Transmission Installation/Installer, A

Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering Technology/Technician, A

Engineering Technology, A

Heating, Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Technology/Technician, A

Mechanical Engineering/Mechanical Technology/Technician, A

BENTLEY COLLEGE

Accounting, BMO

Business Administration and Management, AB

Business Administration, Management and Operations, MO

Business/Corporate Communications, B

Business/Managerial Economics, B

Computer and Information Sciences, B

English Language and Literature, B

Ergonomics and Human Factors, M

Finance, B

Finance and Banking, MO

History, B

Information Science/Studies, M

Interdisciplinary Studies, B

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, B

Marketing, MO

Marketing/Marketing Management, B

Mathematics, B

Philosophy, B

Public Policy Analysis, B

Taxation, MO

BERKLEE COLLEGE OF MUSIC

Audio Engineering, B

Jazz/Jazz Studies, B

Music, B

Music Management and Merchandising, B

Music Performance, B

Music Teacher Education, B

Music Theory and Composition, B

Music Therapy/Therapist, B

Piano and Organ, B

Violin, Viola, Guitar and Other Stringed Instruments, B

Voice and Opera, B

Wind and Percussion Instruments, B

BERKSHIRE COMMUNITY COLLEGE

Banking and Financial Support Services, A

Biology/Biological Sciences, A

Business Administration and Management, A

Business/Commerce, A

Business/Office Automation/Technology/Data Entry, A

Computer and Information Sciences, A

Criminal Justice/Safety Studies, A

Drama and Dramatics/Theatre Arts, A

Early Childhood Education and Teaching, A

Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering Technology/Technician, A

Engineering, A

Engineering Technology, A

Environmental Studies, A

Fire Science/Firefighting, A

Health Professions and Related Clinical Sciences, A

Hospitality Administration/Management, A

Human Services, A

International/Global Studies, A

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, A

Music, A

Nursing - Registered Nurse Training, A

Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution, A

Physical Therapist Assistant, A

Respiratory Care Therapy/Therapist, A

Social Work, A

Surgical Technology/Technologist, A

System, Networking, and LAN/WAN Management/Manager, A

Visual and Performing Arts, A

BOSTON ARCHITECTURAL COLLEGE

Architecture, BM

Interior Design, BM

BOSTON BAPTIST COLLEGE

Bible/Biblical Studies, AB

BOSTON COLLEGE

Accounting, BM

Art History, Criticism and Conservation, B

Biochemistry, BMDO

Biological and Biomedical Sciences, MDO

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

Business Administration and Management, B

Business Administration, Management and Operations, MO

Chemistry, BMD

Classics and Classical Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics, BM

Community Health Nursing, M

Computer Science, B

Counseling Psychology, MDO

Curriculum and Instruction, MDO

Developmental Psychology, MD

Drama and Dramatics/Theatre Arts, B

Early Childhood Education and Teaching, M

East European and Russian Studies, MO

Economics, BD

Education, MDO

Education/Teaching of Individuals with Multiple Disabilities, M

Educational Administration and Supervision, MDO

Educational Measurement and Evaluation, MD

Educational Psychology, MD

Elementary Education and Teaching, BM

English, MD

English Education, M

English Language and Literature, B

Environmental Studies, B

Finance, B

Finance and Banking, MDO

Fine/Studio Arts, B

Foreign Language Teacher Education, M

French Language and Literature, BMD

Geology/Earth Science, BMO

Geophysics and Seismology, BMO

German Language and Literature, B

Gerontological Nursing, M

Higher Education/Higher Education Administration, MDO

Hispanic-American, Puerto Rican, and Mexican-American/Chicano Studies, B

History, BMD

Human Development and Family Studies, B

Human Resources Management/Personnel Administration, B

Inorganic Chemistry, D

Interdisciplinary Studies, B

Italian Language and Literature, BM

Kindergarten/PreSchool Education and Teaching, B

Law and Legal Studies, PO

Linguistics, MO

Management Information Systems and Services, B

Marketing/Marketing Management, B

Mass Communication/Media Studies, B

Maternal/Child Health and Neonatal Nurse/Nursing, M

Mathematics, BMO

Mathematics Teacher Education, M

Music, B

Nurse Anesthetist, M

Nursing, MDO

Nursing - Registered Nurse Training, B

Operations Research, B

Organic Chemistry, D

Organizational Behavior Studies, D

Organizational Management, D

Pastoral Studies/Counseling, MDO

Philosophy, BMD

Physical Chemistry, D

Physics, BMD

Political Science and Government, BMD

Pre-Medicine/Pre-Medical Studies, B

Psychiatric/Mental Health Nurse/Nursing, M

Psychology, BMD

Reading Teacher Education, MO

Religious Education, MDO

Russian Language and Literature, BMO

Russian Studies, B

Science Teacher Education/General Science Teacher Education, M

Secondary Education and Teaching, BM

Slavic Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics, BMO

Social Studies Teacher Education, M

Social Work, MDO

Sociology, BMDO

Spanish Language and Literature, MD

Special Education and Teaching, BMO

Theology and Religious Vocations, MD

Theology/Theological Studies, B

Western European Studies, M

THE BOSTON CONSERVATORY

Composition, M

Dance, B

Drama and Dramatics/Theatre Arts, B

Music, BMO

Music Teacher Education, BM

Music Theory and Composition, B

Performance, MO

Piano and Organ, B

Theater, M

Violin, Viola, Guitar and Other Stringed Instruments, B

Voice and Opera, B

Wind and Percussion Instruments, B

BOSTON UNIVERSITY

Accounting, BDO

Acting, B

Actuarial Science, M

Advertising and Public Relations, MO

Aerospace, Aeronautical and Astronautical Engineering, BMD

African Studies, O

African-American/Black Studies, M

Allied Health and Medical Assisting Services, MD

Allopathic Medicine, PO

American/United States Studies/Civilization, BD

Anatomy, MDO

Ancient/Classical Greek Language and Literature, B

Animal Physiology, B

Anthropology, BMD

Archeology, BMD

Area Studies, B

Art Education, M

Art History, Criticism and Conservation, BMDO

Art Teacher Education, B

Arts Management, M

Astronomy, BMD

Astrophysics, B

Athletic Training and Sports Medicine, B

Bilingual and Multilingual Education, B

Biochemistry, BMDO

Bioethics/Medical Ethics, M

Bioinformatics, MD

Biological and Biomedical Sciences, BMDO

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

Biomedical Engineering, MDO

Biomedical/Medical Engineering, B

Biophysics, MDO

Biopsychology, M

Biostatistics, MD

Business Administration and Management, B

Business Administration, Management and Operations, M

Cell Biology and Anatomy, MDO

Chemistry, BMD

Chemistry Teacher Education, B

Cinematography and Film/Video Production, B

Classics and Classical Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics, BMDO

Clinical Laboratory Science/Medical Technology/Technologist, B

Clinical Research, M

Cognitive Sciences, MD

Commercial and Advertising Art, B

Communication and Media Studies, MO

Communication Disorders, BMDO

Communication Studies/Speech Communication and Rhetoric, B

Composition, MD

Computer Engineering, BMD

Computer Science, BMD

Counseling Psychology, MD

Counselor Education/School Counseling and Guidance Services, MO

Criminology, M

Curriculum and Instruction, MDO

Dental and Oral Surgery, MDO

Dental Hygiene/Hygienist, M

Dental Laboratory Technology/Technician, B

Dentistry, O

Drama and Dance Teacher Education, B

Drawing, B

Early Childhood Education and Teaching, MDO

East Asian Studies, B

Ecology, B

Economics, BMDO

Education, BMDO

Education/Teaching of Individuals with Hearing Impairments, Including Deafness, B

Educational Administration and Supervision, MO

Educational Media/Instructional Technology, MDO

Electrical Engineering, MD

Electrical, Electronics and Communications Engineering, B

Electronic Commerce, M

Elementary Education and Teaching, BM

Energy Management and Policy, M

Engineering, B

Engineering and Applied Sciences, MDO

English, MD

English as a Second Language, MO

English Education, MDO

English Language and Literature, B

English/Language Arts Teacher Education, B

Environmental and Occupational Health, MD

Environmental Policy and Resource Management, M

Environmental Studies, B

Epidemiology, MD

Ethnic, Cultural Minority, and Gender Studies, B

Film, Television, and Video Production, MO

Film, Television, and Video Theory and Criticism, M

Finance, B

Finance and Banking, M

Fine Arts and Art Studies, M

Foreign Language Teacher Education, BM

Foreign Languages and Literatures, B

French Language and Literature, BMD

Genetic Counseling/Counselor, M

Geographic Information Systems, M

Geography, BMD

Geology/Earth Science, B

Geosciences, MD

German Language and Literature, B

Graphic Design, M

Health Education, MO

Health Promotion, MD

Health Services Administration, MDO

Historic Preservation and Conservation, MO

History, BMD

Hospitality Administration/Management, B

Hotel/Motel Administration/Management, B

Human Development, MDO

Human Resources Management and Services, MO

Immunology, DO

Industrial and Manufacturing Management, D

Industrial Engineering, B

Information Science/Studies, B

Interdisciplinary Studies, BMD

International Affairs, MO

International and Comparative Education, M

International Business/Trade/Commerce, BM

International Finance, B

International Public Health/International Health, MDO

International Relations and Affairs, B

Investment Management, M

Italian Language and Literature, B

Journalism, BM

Kindergarten/PreSchool Education and Teaching, B

Kinesiology and Exercise Science, B

Latin American Studies, B

Latin Language and Literature, B

Law and Legal Studies, MPO

Legal and Justice Studies, M

Legal Assistant/Paralegal, B

Leisure Studies, M

Liberal Studies, M

Linguistics, BMD

Management, M

Management Information Systems and Services, BD

Management of Technology, M

Manufacturing Engineering, MDO

Marine Biology and Biological Oceanography, B

Marketing, D

Marketing Research, B

Marketing/Marketing Management, B

Mass Communication/Media Studies, BMO

Maternal and Child Health, MO

Mathematical and Computational Finance, M

Mathematics, BMD

Mathematics and Computer Science, B

Mathematics Teacher Education, BMDO

Mechanical Engineering, BMD

Media Studies, MO

Microbiology, MDO

Modern Greek Language and Literature, B

Molecular Biology, BMDO

Molecular Medicine, DO

Multilingual and Multicultural Education, MO

Museology/Museum Studies, O

Music, MDO

Music History, Literature, and Theory, BMD

Music Performance, B

Music Teacher Education, BMD

Music Theory and Composition, BMD

Neurobiology and Neurophysiology, MDO

Neuroscience, BMDO

Non-Profit/Public/Organizational Management, M

Nurse Midwife/Nursing Midwifery, O

Nutritional Sciences, BMD

Occupational Therapy/Therapist, BMD

Operations Management and Supervision, B

Oral and Dental Sciences, MDPO

Oral Biology, MD

Organizational Behavior Studies, BD

Orthodontics, MDO

Painting, BM

Parks, Recreation, Leisure and Fitness Studies, B

Pathology/Experimental Pathology, DO

Pedodontics, MDO

Performance, MDO

Periodontics, MDO

Pharmaceutical Sciences, MDO

Pharmacology, MDO

Philosophy, BMDO

Photonics, M

Physical Education Teaching and Coaching, BMDO

Physical Therapy/Therapist, BMD

Physics, BMD

Physiology, MDO

Piano and Organ, B

Political Science and Government, BMD

Pre-Dentistry Studies, B

Psychology, BMD

Public Administration, M

Public Health, MDO

Public Health (MPH, DPH), B

Public Relations/Image Management, B

Radio and Television, B

Reading Teacher Education, MDO

Rehabilitation Counseling, MDO

Rehabilitation Sciences, MD

Rehabilitation Therapy, B

Religion/Religious Studies, BMD

Romance Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics, MD

Russian Language and Literature, B

Russian Studies, B

Science Teacher Education/General Science Teacher Education, BMDO

Sculpture, BM

Social Sciences, B

Social Studies Teacher Education, BMDO

Social Work, MDO

Sociology, BMD

Spanish Language and Literature, BMD

Special Education and Teaching, BMDO

Speech Teacher Education, B

Systems Engineering, MD

Taxation, M

Teacher Education and Professional Development, Specific Levels and Methods, B

Technical Theatre/Theatre Design and Technology, B

Telecommunications, M

Theater, MO

Theatre Literature, History and Criticism, B

Theology and Religious Vocations, MDPO

Travel and Tourism, M

Urban and Regional Planning, M

Urban Studies/Affairs, BM

Voice and Opera, B

Writing, MD

BRANDEIS UNIVERSITY

African Studies, B

African-American/Black Studies, B

American/United States Studies/Civilization, BMD

Ancient/Classical Greek Language and Literature, B

Anthropology, BMD

Arabic Language and Literature, B

Area, Ethnic, Cultural, and Gender Studies, B

Art/Art Studies, General, B

Biochemistry, BMD

Biological and Biomedical Sciences, BMDO

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

Biophysics, BMD

Business Administration, Management and Operations, MO

Cell Biology and Anatomy, MD

Cell/Cellular Biology and Anatomical Sciences, B

Chemistry, BMD

Child and Family Studies, M

Classics and Classical Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics, B

Cognitive Sciences, D

Comparative Literature, B

Composition, MD

Computer Science, BMDO

Conflict Resolution and Mediation/Peace Studies, M

Developmental Psychology, D

Drama and Dramatics/Theatre Arts, B

East Asian Studies, B

Economics, BMD

Elementary Education and Teaching, M

Engineering Physics, B

English, MD

English Language and Literature, B

European Studies/Civilization, B

Finance and Banking, MD

Fine Arts and Art Studies, O

Fine/Studio Arts, B

French Language and Literature, B

Genetic Counseling/Counselor, M

Genetics, D

German Language and Literature, B

Health Services Administration, M

Hebrew Language and Literature, M

History, BMD

Human Services, M

Inorganic Chemistry, MD

International Affairs, MD

International Business/Trade/Commerce, MD

International Development, M

International Public Health/International Health, M

Islamic Studies, B

Jewish/Judaic Studies, BMDO

Latin American Studies, B

Latin Language and Literature, B

Linguistics, B

Mathematics, BMD

Microbiology, D

Molecular Biology, MD

Multi-/Interdisciplinary Studies, B

Music, BMD

Music Theory and Composition, MD

Musicology and Ethnomusicology, MD

Near and Middle Eastern Studies, BMDO

Neurobiology and Neurophysiology, D

Neuroscience, BMD

Organic Chemistry, MD

Philosophy, B

Physical Chemistry, MD

Physics, BMD

Political Science and Government, BMD

Psychology, BMD

Public Administration, M

Public Policy Analysis, D

Religious Education, M

Russian Language and Literature, B

Russian Studies, B

Social Psychology, D

Sociology, BMD

Spanish Language and Literature, B

Structural Biology, MD

Sustainable Development, M

Theater, M

Women's Studies, BM

BRIDGEWATER STATE COLLEGE

Accounting, BM

Airline/Commercial/Professional Pilot and Flight Crew, B

American Government and Politics (United States), B

Anthropology, B

Archeology, B

Area Studies, B

Art Education, M

Art History, Criticism and Conservation, B

Art Teacher Education, B

Athletic Training and Sports Medicine, B

Aviation/Airway Management and Operations, B

Biochemistry, B

Biology Teacher Education, B

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

Biomedical Sciences, B

Business Administration and Management, B

Business, Management, Marketing, and Related Support Services, B

Cell/Cellular and Molecular Biology, B

Chemistry, B

City/Urban, Community and Regional Planning, B

Communication Disorders, B

Communication Studies/Speech Communication and Rhetoric, B

Computer Science, BM

Counselor Education/School Counseling and Guidance Services, MO

Crafts/Craft Design, Folk Art and Artisanry, B

Creative Writing, B

Criminal Justice/Safety Studies, B

Criminology, M

Developmental and Child Psychology, B

Drama and Dance Teacher Education, B

Drama and Dramatics/Theatre Arts, B

Early Childhood Education and Teaching, BM

Economics, B

Education, MO

Educational Administration and Supervision, MO

Educational Media/Instructional Technology, M

Elementary Education and Teaching, BM

English, M

English Language and Literature, B

English/Language Arts Teacher Education, B

Environmental Biology, B

Ethics, B

Finance, B

Finance and Banking, M

Fine/Studio Arts, B

Geochemistry, B

Geography, B

Geological and Earth Sciences/Geosciences, B

Geology/Earth Science, B

Graphic Design, B

Health and Physical Education/Fitness, B

Health Promotion, M

Health Teacher Education, B

Health/Medical Psychology, B

History, B

Industrial and Organizational Psychology, B

International Business/Trade/Commerce, B

International Relations and Affairs, B

Kinesiology and Exercise Science, B

Kinesiotherapy/Kinesiotherapist, B

Law and Legal Studies, B

Management, M

Management Information Systems and Services, B

Marketing/Marketing Management, B

Mathematics, B

Mathematics Teacher Education, M

Music, B

Music Teacher Education, B

Parks, Recreation, Leisure and Fitness Studies, B

Philosophy, B

Photography, B

Physical Education Teaching and Coaching, BM

Physics, B

Political Science and Government, B

Psychology, BM

Public Administration, M

Reading Teacher Education, MO

Science Teacher Education/General Science Teacher Education, M

Science Technologies/Technicians, B

Secondary Education and Teaching, M

Social Studies Teacher Education, M

Social Work, BM

Sociology, B

Spanish Language and Literature, B

Special Education and Teaching, BM

Sport and Fitness Administration/Management, B

Transportation/Transportation Management, B

BRISTOL COMMUNITY COLLEGE

Accounting, A

Administrative Assistant and Secretarial Science, A

Audiology/Audiologist and Hearing Sciences, A

Business Administration and Management, A

Business/Office Automation/Technology/Data Entry, A

Child Care and Support Services Management, A

Civil Engineering, A

Civil Engineering Technology/Technician, A

Clinical/Medical Laboratory Technician, A

Communication Studies/Speech Communication and Rhetoric, A

Computer and Information Sciences, A

Computer Programming/Programmer, A

Computer Science, A

Consumer Merchandising/Retailing Management, A

Criminal Justice/Safety Studies, A

Culinary Arts/Chef Training, A

Data Processing and Data Processing Technology/Technician, A

Dental Hygiene/Hygienist, A

Dramatic/Theatre Arts and Stagecraft, A

Early Childhood Education and Teaching, A

Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering Technology/Technician, A

Elementary Education and Teaching, A

Engineering, A

Engineering Science, A

Engineering Technologies/Technicians, A

Environmental Engineering Technology/Environmental Technology, A

Environmental Sciences, A

Environmental/Environmental Health Engineering, A

Finance and Financial Management Services, A

Fine/Studio Arts, A

Fire Science/Firefighting, A

General Studies, A

Graphic Design, A

Health Information/Medical Records Technology/Technician, A

Human Services, A

Humanities/Humanistic Studies, A

Information Science/Studies, A

Information Technology, A

Legal Administrative Assistant/Secretary, A

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, A

Management Information Systems and Services, A

Marketing/Marketing Management, A

Medical Administrative Assistant/Secretary, A

Nursing - Registered Nurse Training, A

Occupational Therapist Assistant, A

Pre-Engineering, A

Web/Multimedia Management and Webmaster, A

BUNKER HILL COMMUNITY COLLEGE

Accounting, A

Art/Art Studies, General, A

Business Administration and Management, A

Cardiovascular Technology/Technologist, A

Chemistry, A

Communication Studies/Speech Communication and Rhetoric, A

Computer and Information Sciences and Support Services, A

Computer Programming, Specific Applications, A

Computer Programming/Programmer, A

Computer Science, A

Computer Systems Networking and Telecommunications, A

Criminal Justice/Law Enforcement Administration, A

Culinary Arts/Chef Training, A

Data Entry/Microcomputer Applications, A

Design and Visual Communications, A

Drama and Dramatics/Theatre Arts, A

Early Childhood Education and Teaching, A

Education, A

Electrical/Electronics Maintenance and Repair Technology, A

English Language and Literature, A

Finance, A

Fire Protection and Safety Technology/Technician, A

General Studies, A

Health Information/Medical Records Administration/Administrator, A

History, A

Hospitality Administration/Management, A

Hotel/Motel Administration/Management, A

Human Services, A

International Business/Trade/Commerce, A

Mass Communication/Media Studies, A

Mathematics, A

Medical Radiologic Technology/Science - Radiation Therapist, A

Nursing - Registered Nurse Training, A

Operations Management and Supervision, A

Physics, A

Psychology, A

Sociology, A

Tourism and Travel Services Management, A

Web Page, Digital/Multimedia and Information Resources Design, A

CAMBRIDGE COLLEGE

Counseling Psychology, M

Education, M

Electronic Commerce, M

Human Services, B

Management, M

Management Science, B

Multi-/Interdisciplinary Studies, B

Psychology, B

CAPE COD COMMUNITY COLLEGE

Accounting, A

Administrative Assistant and Secretarial Science, A

Art/Art Studies, General, A

Biological and Physical Sciences, A

Business Administration and Management, A

Computer and Information Sciences, A

Computer Graphics, A

Computer Science, A

Computer Systems Networking and Telecommunications, A

Criminal Justice/Law Enforcement Administration, A

Dental Hygiene/Hygienist, A

Drama and Dramatics/Theatre Arts, A

Education, A

Environmental Engineering Technology/Environmental Technology, A

Environmental Studies, A

Executive Assistant/Executive Secretary, A

Fire Science/Firefighting, A

History, A

Hotel/Motel Administration/Management, A

Information Science/Studies, A

Information Technology, A

Kindergarten/PreSchool Education and Teaching, A

Legal Administrative Assistant/Secretary, A

Legal Assistant/Paralegal, A

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, A

Management Science, A

Mass Communication/Media Studies, A

Mathematics, A

Medical Administrative Assistant/Secretary, A

Modern Languages, A

Music, A

Nursing - Registered Nurse Training, A

Parks, Recreation, Leisure and Fitness Studies, A

Philosophy, A

Physical Education Teaching and Coaching, A

Physical Therapist Assistant, A

Pre-Engineering, A

Psychology, A

System Administration/Administrator, A

Web Page, Digital/Multimedia and Information Resources Design, A

Web/Multimedia Management and Webmaster, A

CLARK UNIVERSITY

Accounting, M

Art History, Criticism and Conservation, B

Asian Studies/Civilization, B

Biochemistry, B

Biological and Biomedical Sciences, MD

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

Business Administration and Management, B

Business Administration, Management and Operations, M

Chemistry, BMD

Classics and Classical Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics, B

Clinical Psychology, D

Commercial and Advertising Art, B

Communication and Media Studies, M

Comparative Literature, B

Computer Science, B

Development Economics and International Development, B

Developmental Psychology, D

Drama and Dramatics/Theatre Arts, B

Ecology, B

Economics, BD

Education, BM

Elementary Education and Teaching, B

Engineering, B

English, M

English Language and Literature, B

Environmental Policy and Resource Management, M

Environmental Studies, M

Ethnic and Cultural Studies, B

Film/Cinema Studies, B

Finance and Banking, M

Fine/Studio Arts, B

French Language and Literature, B

Geographic Information Systems, M

Geography, BD

Geology/Earth Science, B

Health Services Administration, M

History, BMDO

Holocaust Studies, D

Information Science/Studies, M

Interdisciplinary Studies, B

International Business/Trade/Commerce, M

International Development, M

International Relations and Affairs, B

Jewish/Judaic Studies, B

Junior High/Intermediate/Middle School Education and Teaching, B

Liberal Studies, M

Management, M

Management Information Systems and Services, M

Marketing, M

Mass Communication/Media Studies, B

Mathematics, B

Modern Languages, B

Molecular Biology, B

Music, B

Natural Resources Management/Development and Policy, B

Neuroscience, B

Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution, B

Philosophy, B

Physics, BMD

Political Science and Government, B

Pre-Dentistry Studies, B

Pre-Law Studies, B

Pre-Medicine/Pre-Medical Studies, B

Pre-Veterinary Studies, B

Psychology, BD

Public Administration, MO

Secondary Education and Teaching, B

Social Psychology, D

Sociology, B

Spanish Language and Literature, B

Sustainable Development, M

Urban and Regional Planning, M

Women's Studies, BD

COLLEGE OF THE HOLY CROSS

Accounting, B

Anthropology, B

Art History, Criticism and Conservation, B

Asian Studies/Civilization, B

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

Chemistry, B

Classics and Classical Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics, B

Comparative Literature, B

Computer Science, B

Drama and Dramatics/Theatre Arts, B

Economics, B

English Language and Literature, B

Environmental Studies, B

Fine/Studio Arts, B

French Language and Literature, B

German Language and Literature, B

German Studies, B

History, B

Italian Language and Literature, B

Mathematics, B

Medieval and Renaissance Studies, B

Music, B

Philosophy, B

Physics, B

Political Science and Government, B

Pre-Medicine/Pre-Medical Studies, B

Psychology, B

Religion/Religious Studies, B

Russian Language and Literature, B

Russian Studies, B

Sociology, B

Spanish Language and Literature, B

CURRY COLLEGE

Adult and Continuing Education and Teaching, MO

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

Business Administration and Management, B

Commercial and Advertising Art, B

Criminal Justice/Law Enforcement Administration, B

Education, BMO

Elementary Education and Teaching, B

English Language and Literature, B

Environmental Studies, B

Family and Community Services, B

Film/Cinema Studies, B

Health Teacher Education, B

History, B

Information Technology, B

Journalism, B

Kindergarten/PreSchool Education and Teaching, B

Mass Communication/Media Studies, B

Nursing - Registered Nurse Training, B

Philosophy, B

Physics, B

Political Science and Government, B

Pre-Law Studies, B

Psychology, B

Public Relations/Image Management, B

Radio and Television, B

Reading Teacher Education, MO

Sociology, B

Special Education and Teaching, BMO

Women's Studies, B

DEAN COLLEGE

Athletic Training and Sports Medicine, A

Business Administration and Management, A

Communication Studies/Speech Communication and Rhetoric, A

Criminal Justice/Law Enforcement Administration, A

Criminal Justice/Police Science, A

Dance, AB

Drama and Dramatics/Theatre Arts, A

Early Childhood Education and Teaching, A

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, A

Mathematics and Computer Science, A

Physical Education Teaching and Coaching, A

Sport and Fitness Administration/Management, A

EASTERN NAZARENE COLLEGE

Advertising, B

Aerospace, Aeronautical and Astronautical Engineering, B

Biological and Physical Sciences, B

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

Biomedical/Medical Engineering, B

Business Administration and Management, B

Business/Commerce, A

Chemistry, B

Clinical Psychology, B

Computer Engineering, B

Computer Science, B

Counseling Psychology, M

Drama and Dramatics/Theatre Arts, B

Early Childhood Education and Teaching, MO

Education, BMO

Educational Administration and Supervision, MO

Electrical, Electronics and Communications Engineering, B

Elementary Education and Teaching, BMO

Engineering Physics, B

English as a Second Language, MO

English Language and Literature, B

General Studies, A

History, B

Industrial Engineering, B

Journalism, B

Junior High/Intermediate/Middle School Education and Teaching, B

Kindergarten/PreSchool Education and Teaching, AB

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, B

Marriage and Family Therapy/Counseling, M

Mass Communication/Media Studies, B

Mathematics, B

Mechanical Engineering, B

Middle School Education, MO

Music, B

Music Performance, B

Music Teacher Education, B

Pharmacy, B

Physical Education Teaching and Coaching, B

Physical Therapy/Therapist, B

Physics, B

Pre-Law Studies, B

Pre-Medicine/Pre-Medical Studies, B

Psychology, B

Public Health (MPH, DPH), B

Radio and Television, B

Reading Teacher Education, MO

Religion/Religious Studies, B

Religious Education, AB

Religious/Sacred Music, B

Secondary Education and Teaching, BMO

Social Work, B

Sociology, B

Special Education and Teaching, BMO

Systems Engineering, B

ELMS COLLEGE

Accounting, B

Applied Art, B

Art/Art Studies, General, B

Audiology/Audiologist and Speech-Language Pathology/Pathologist, B

Bilingual and Multilingual Education, B

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

Business Administration and Management, B

Chemistry, B

Communication Disorders, BO

Computer Science, B

Early Childhood Education and Teaching, M

Education, BMO

Elementary Education and Teaching, BM

English as a Second Language, M

English Language and Literature, B

English/Language Arts Teacher Education, B

French Language and Literature, B

History, B

Interdisciplinary Studies, B

International Relations and Affairs, B

Kindergarten/PreSchool Education and Teaching, B

Law and Legal Studies, B

Legal Assistant/Paralegal, AB

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, B

Liberal Studies, M

Marketing/Marketing Management, B

Mathematics, B

Mathematics Teacher Education, B

Molecular Biology, B

Natural Sciences, B

Nursing - Registered Nurse Training, B

Pre-Dentistry Studies, B

Pre-Law Studies, B

Pre-Medicine/Pre-Medical Studies, B

Pre-Veterinary Studies, B

Psychology, B

Reading Teacher Education, M

Religion/Religious Studies, BM

Science Teacher Education/General Science Teacher Education, B

Secondary Education and Teaching, BM

Social Work, B

Sociology, B

Spanish Language and Literature, B

Special Education and Teaching, BM

Speech-Language Pathology/Pathologist, A

EMERSON COLLEGE

Acting, B

Advertising, B

Advertising and Public Relations, M

Audiology/Audiologist and Speech-Language Pathology/Pathologist, B

Broadcast Journalism, B

Cinematography and Film/Video Production, B

Communication and Media Studies, M

Communication Disorders, BM

Communication Studies/Speech Communication and Rhetoric, B

Corporate and Organizational Communication, M

Creative Writing, B

Drama and Dance Teacher Education, B

Drama and Dramatics/Theatre Arts, B

Education/Teaching of Individuals with Speech or Language Impairments, B

Film, Television, and Video Production, M

Film/Cinema Studies, B

Health Promotion, M

Interdisciplinary Studies, B

Intermedia/Multimedia, B

International Business/Trade/Commerce, M

Journalism, BM

Marketing, M

Marketing/Marketing Management, B

Mass Communication/Media Studies, B

Media Studies, M

Playwriting and Screenwriting, B

Political Communication, B

Public Health, M

Public Relations/Image Management, B

Publishing, BM

Radio and Television, B

Radio and Television Broadcasting Technology/Technician, B

Radio, Television, and Digital Communication, B

Speech and Rhetorical Studies, B

Speech-Language Pathology/Pathologist, B

Technical Theatre/Theatre Design and Technology, B

Theater, M

Visual and Performing Arts, B

Writing, M

EMMANUEL COLLEGE

American/United States Studies/Civilization, B

Area, Ethnic, Cultural, and Gender Studies, B

Art Therapy/Therapist, B

Art/Art Studies, General, B

Biochemistry, B

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

Biostatistics, B

Business Administration and Management, B

Business/Managerial Economics, B

Chemistry, B

Commercial and Advertising Art, B

Communication Studies/Speech Communication and Rhetoric, B

Developmental and Child Psychology, B

Economics, B

Education, BMO

Educational Administration and Supervision, M

Educational Leadership and Administration, O

Elementary Education and Teaching, BM

English Language and Literature, B

Environmental Studies, B

Fine/Studio Arts, B

Graphic Design, B

Health Services/Allied Health/Health Sciences, B

History, B

Human Resources Management and Services, MO

Interdisciplinary Studies, B

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, B

Management, M

Mass Communication/Media Studies, B

Mathematics, B

Multi-/Interdisciplinary Studies, B

Nursing Administration, B

Political Science and Government, B

Psychology, B

Religion/Religious Studies, B

Secondary Education and Teaching, BM

Sociology, B

Spanish Language and Literature, B

ENDICOTT COLLEGE

Art Education, M

Art Therapy/Therapist, B

Athletic Training and Sports Medicine, B

Business Administration and Management, B

Business Administration, Management and Operations, M

Criminal Justice/Safety Studies, B

Design and Visual Communications, B

Early Childhood Education and Teaching, B

Education, M

Elementary Education and Teaching, BM

English Language and Literature, B

Environmental Studies, B

Fine/Studio Arts, B

Hospitality Administration/Management, BM

Human Services, B

Information Technology, B

International and Comparative Education, M

International/Global Studies, B

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, AB

Mass Communication/Media Studies, B

Multi-/Interdisciplinary Studies, B

Nursing - Registered Nurse Training, B

Organizational Management, M

Physical Education Teaching and Coaching, B

Psychology, B

Reading Teacher Education, M

Spanish Language and Literature, B

Special Education and Teaching, M

Sport and Fitness Administration/Management, B

FISHER COLLEGE

Accounting, A

Business Administration and Management, AB

Fashion Merchandising, A

Fashion/Apparel Design, A

Hospitality Administration/Management, A

Humanities/Humanistic Studies, A

Kindergarten/PreSchool Education and Teaching, A

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, A

Psychology, A

Public Health (MPH, DPH), A

Tourism and Travel Services Management, A

FITCHBURG STATE COLLEGE

Accounting, BM

Architectural Engineering Technology/Technician, B

Art Education, MO

Biology Teacher Education, B

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

BioTechnology, B

Business Administration and Management, B

Business Administration, Management and Operations, M

Child and Family Studies, O

Cinematography and Film/Video Production, B

Communication and Media Studies, BMO

Comparative Literature, B

Computer Science, BM

Construction Engineering Technology/Technician, B

Counseling Psychology, MO

Counselor Education/School Counseling and Guidance Services, MO

Criminal Justice/Law Enforcement Administration, B

Criminology, M

Development Economics and International Development, B

Developmental and Child Psychology, B

Drama and Dramatics/Theatre Arts, B

Early Childhood Education and Teaching, BM

Economics, B

Education, B

Educational Administration and Supervision, MO

Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technologies/Technicians, B

Elementary Education and Teaching, BM

Energy Management and Systems Technology/Technician, B

English Education, M

English Language and Literature, B

English/Language Arts Teacher Education, B

Environmental Sciences, B

Forensic Nursing, MO

General Studies, BM

Geography, B

Geography Teacher Education, B

Geology/Earth Science, B

Graphic Design, B

History, B

History Teacher Education, B

Human Resources Management and Services, M

Human Services, B

Humanities/Humanistic Studies, B

Industrial and Organizational Psychology, B

Industrial Technology/Technician, B

Information Science/Studies, B

Interdisciplinary Studies, O

Intermedia/Multimedia, B

Journalism, B

Junior High/Intermediate/Middle School Education and Teaching, B

Kinesiology and Exercise Science, B

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, B

Management Science, B

Manufacturing Technology/Technician, B

Marketing/Marketing Management, B

Marriage and Family Therapy/Counseling, MO

Mathematics, B

Mathematics Teacher Education, B

Middle School Education, M

Nursing - Registered Nurse Training, B

Photography, B

Political Science and Government, B

Psychology, B

Science Teacher Education/General Science Teacher Education, M

Secondary Education and Teaching, BM

Social Studies Teacher Education, M

Sociology, B

Special Education and Teaching, BM

Sport and Fitness Administration/Management, B

Substance Abuse/Addiction Counseling, O

Technical and Business Writing, BM

Technical Theatre/Theatre Design and Technology, B

Technology Education/Industrial Arts, B

Technology Teacher Education/Industrial Arts Teacher Education, B

Vocational and Technical Education, M

FRAMINGHAM STATE COLLEGE

Accounting, B

Acting, B

American Government and Politics (United States), B

American History (United States), B

Anthropology, B

Apparel and Textiles, B

Art History, Criticism and Conservation, B

Art Teacher Education, B

Art/Art Studies, General, B

Biology Teacher Education, B

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

Biomedical Sciences, B

BioTechnology, B

Business Administration and Management, B

Business Administration, Management and Operations, M

Business/Corporate Communications, B

Business/Managerial Economics, B

Chemistry, B

Chemistry Teacher Education, B

City/Urban, Community and Regional Planning, B

Clinical Nutrition/Nutritionist, B

Communication and Media Studies, B

Communication Studies/Speech Communication and Rhetoric, B

Communication, Journalism and Related Programs, B

Computer Programming/Programmer, B

Computer Science, B

Counseling Psychology, M

Creative Writing, B

Curriculum and Instruction, M

Design and Visual Communications, B

Developmental and Child Psychology, B

Dietetics/Dieticians, B

Early Childhood Education and Teaching, B

Economics, B

Education, B

Educational Leadership and Administration, M

Educational Media/Instructional Technology, M

Elementary Education and Teaching, B

English as a Second Language, M

English Education, M

English Language and Literature, B

English/Language Arts Teacher Education, B

Environmental Biology, B

Environmental Sciences, B

Environmental Studies, B

European History, B

Family and Consumer Economics and Related Services, B

Family and Consumer Sciences/Home Economics Teacher Education, B

Family and Consumer Sciences/Human Sciences, B

Family and Consumer Sciences/Human Sciences Communication, B

Fashion Merchandising, B

Fashion/Apparel Design, B

Film/Cinema Studies, B

Finance, B

Fine Arts and Art Studies, M

Fine/Studio Arts, B

Food Science, B

Food Science and Technology, BM

Foods, Nutrition, and Related Services, B

Foods, Nutrition, and Wellness Studies, B

Foreign Language Teacher Education, BM

Foreign Languages and Literatures, B

French Language and Literature, B

Geography, B

Geography Teacher Education, B

Geology/Earth Science, B

Graphic Design, B

Health Services Administration, M

Health Teacher Education, B

History, B

History Teacher Education, B

Human Nutrition, B

Human Resources Management and Services, M

Human Services, B

Humanities/Humanistic Studies, B

Information Technology, B

International Business/Trade/Commerce, B

International/Global Studies, B

Journalism, B

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, B

Marketing/Marketing Management, B

Mathematics, B

Mathematics Teacher Education, BM

Nursing - Registered Nurse Training, B

Nutritional Sciences, M

Painting, B

Physical Sciences, B

Political Science and Government, B

Printmaking, B

Psychology, BM

Public Administration, M

Reading Teacher Education, M

Sculpture, B

Secondary Education and Teaching, B

Social Sciences, B

Social Studies Teacher Education, M

Sociology, B

Spanish Language and Literature, BM

Special Education and Teaching, M

Wildlife and Wildlands Science and Management, B

Wildlife Biology, B

GIBBS COLLEGE

Administrative Assistant and Secretarial Science, A

Business Administration and Management, A

Hospitality Administration/Management, A

Legal Administrative Assistant/Secretary, A

Medical Administrative Assistant/Secretary, A

GORDON COLLEGE

Accounting, B

Art/Art Studies, General, B

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

Business Administration and Management, B

Chemistry, B

Christian Studies, B

Communication Studies/Speech Communication and Rhetoric, B

Computer Science, B

Economics, B

Education, M

Elementary Education and Teaching, B

English Language and Literature, B

Foreign Languages and Literatures, B

French Language and Literature, B

German Language and Literature, B

History, B

International Relations and Affairs, B

Junior High/Intermediate/Middle School Education and Teaching, B

Kinesiology and Exercise Science, B

Mathematics, B

Music, B

Music Performance, B

Music Teacher Education, BM

Parks, Recreation, Leisure and Fitness Studies, B

Philosophy, B

Physics, B

Political Science and Government, B

Psychology, B

Social Work, B

Sociology, B

Spanish Language and Literature, B

Special Education and Teaching, B

Youth Ministry, B

GREENFIELD COMMUNITY COLLEGE

Accounting, A

Administrative Assistant and Secretarial Science, A

American/United States Studies/Civilization, A

Art/Art Studies, General, A

Behavioral Sciences, A

Biological and Physical Sciences, A

Business Administration and Management, A

Commercial and Advertising Art, A

Computer Programming/Programmer, A

Criminal Justice/Law Enforcement Administration, A

Education, A

Engineering Science, A

Family and Consumer Sciences/Human Sciences, A

Fire Science/Firefighting, A

Food Science, A

Human Services, A

Humanities/Humanistic Studies, A

Industrial Technology/Technician, A

Information Science/Studies, A

Kindergarten/PreSchool Education and Teaching, A

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, A

Marketing/Marketing Management, A

Mass Communication/Media Studies, A

Mathematics, A

Natural Resources Management/Development and Policy, A

Nursing - Registered Nurse Training, A

Parks, Recreation, Leisure and Fitness Studies, A

Photography, A

Pre-Engineering, A

HAMPSHIRE COLLEGE

African-American/Black Studies, B

Agriculture, B

American/United States Studies/Civilization, B

Anthropology, B

Applied Art, B

Asian Studies/Civilization, B

Asian-American Studies, B

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

Chemistry, B

Cognitive Sciences, B

Comparative Literature, B

Computer Graphics, B

Computer Science, B

Dance, B

Demography and Population Studies, B

Drama and Dramatics/Theatre Arts, B

Economics, B

Education, B

English Language and Literature, B

Environmental Design/Architecture, B

Environmental Studies, B

Film/Video and Photographic Arts, B

Fine/Studio Arts, B

Geology/Earth Science, B

Hispanic-American, Puerto Rican, and Mexican-American/Chicano Studies, B

History, B

International/Global Studies, B

Jewish/Judaic Studies, B

Latin American Studies, B

Law and Legal Studies, B

Linguistics, B

Mass Communication/Media Studies, B

Mathematics, B

Music, B

Nutritional Sciences, B

Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution, B

Philosophy, B

Physics, B

Playwriting and Screenwriting, B

Political Science and Government, B

Psychology, B

Public Health (MPH, DPH), B

Religion/Religious Studies, B

Sociology, B

Urban Studies/Affairs, B

HARVARD UNIVERSITY

African Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics, B

African Studies, B

African-American/Black Studies, B

Allopathic Medicine, PO

American/United States Studies/Civilization, BD

Ancient Near Eastern and Biblical Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics, B

Animal Genetics, B

Anthropology, BMD

Applied Mathematics, BMD

Applied Physics, MD

Applied Science and Technology, O

Arabic Language and Literature, BMD

Archeology, BMD

Architectural Engineering, B

Architecture, MD

Art Education, M

Art History, Criticism and Conservation, BD

Art/Art Studies, General, B

Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, B

Asian Languages, MD

Asian Studies/Civilization, BMD

Astronomy, BMD

Astrophysics, BMD

Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, B

Behavioral Sciences, B

Bible/Biblical Studies, B

Biochemistry, BMD

Biological and Biomedical Sciences, MDO

Biological and Physical Sciences, B

Biological Anthropology, MD

Biology Technician/BioTechnology Laboratory Technician, B

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

Biomedical Engineering, MD

Biomedical Sciences, B

Biomedical/Medical Engineering, B

Biometry/Biometrics, B

Biophysics, BD

Biostatistics, MD

BioTechnology, M

Business Administration, Management and Operations, MDO

Cancer Biology/Oncology, D

Cell Biology and Anatomy, D

Cell/Cellular Biology and Histology, B

Celtic Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics, MD

Central/Middle and Eastern European Studies, B

Chemical Engineering, B

Chemistry, BMD

Chinese Language and Literature, B

Chinese Studies, MD

City/Urban, Community and Regional Planning, B

Civil Engineering, B

Classics and Classical Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics, BMD

Cognitive Psychology and Psycholinguistics, B

Cognitive Sciences, BM

Communication and Media Studies, O

Communication Disorders, D

Community Health and Preventive Medicine, M

Comparative Literature, BD

Composition, MD

Computer and Information Sciences, B

Computer Engineering, B

Computer Engineering Technology/Technician, B

Computer Graphics, B

Computer Programming/Programmer, B

Computer Science, BMD

Creative Writing, B

Curriculum and Instruction, M

Dental and Oral Surgery, O

Dentistry, PO

Drama and Dramatics/Theatre Arts, B

East Asian Studies, BM

East European and Russian Studies, M

Ecology, B

Economics, BMD

Education, MD

Educational Leadership and Administration, MD

Educational Media/Instructional Technology, M

Educational Psychology, M

Electrical, Electronics and Communications Engineering, B

Engineering, B

Engineering and Applied Sciences, MD

Engineering Physics, B

Engineering Science, B

English, MDO

English Language and Literature, B

Entomology, B

Environmental and Occupational Health, MD

Environmental Biology, B

Environmental Design/Architecture, B

Environmental Engineering Technology/Environmental Technology, MD

Environmental Policy and Resource Management, MO

Environmental Sciences, MD

Environmental Studies, B

Environmental/Environmental Health Engineering, B

Epidemiology, MD

Ethnic and Cultural Studies, B

Ethnic, Cultural Minority, and Gender Studies, B

Ethnomusicology, MD

European Studies/Civilization, B

Evolutionary Biology, BD

Film/Cinema Studies, B

Fine/Studio Arts, B

Fluid and Thermal Sciences, B

Forestry, M

Foundations and Philosophy of Education, O

French Language and Literature, BMD

Genetics, D

Genomic Sciences, D

Geochemistry, B

Geological/Geophysical Engineering, B

Geology/Earth Science, B

Geophysics and Seismology, B

Geosciences, MD

German Language and Literature, BMD

Health Promotion, MD

Health Services Administration, MD

Hebrew Language and Literature, BMD

Hispanic-American, Puerto Rican, and Mexican-American/Chicano Studies, B

History, BD

History and Philosophy of Science and Technology, B

History of Science and Technology, MD

Human Development, MD

Human Development and Family Studies, B

Humanities/Humanistic Studies, B

Immunology, D

Infectious Diseases, D

Information Science/Studies, BM

Inorganic Chemistry, MD

Interdisciplinary Studies, B

International and Comparative Education, M

International Development, M

International Economics, B

International Public Health/International Health, MD

International Relations and Affairs, B

Islamic Studies, B

Italian Language and Literature, BMD

Japanese Language and Literature, B

Japanese Studies, MD

Jewish/Judaic Studies, BMD

Landscape Architecture, MD

Latin American Studies, B

Latin Language and Literature, B

Law and Legal Studies, MDPO

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, B

Liberal Studies, M

Linguistics, BMD

Management Information Systems and Services, D

Marine Biology and Biological Oceanography, B

Materials Engineering, B

Materials Sciences, B

Maternal and Child Health, MD

Mathematics, BMD

Mathematics and Computer Science, B

Mathematics Teacher Education, M

Mechanical Engineering, B

Medical Informatics, M

Medical Microbiology and Bacteriology, B

Medical Physics, D

Medieval and Renaissance Studies, BMD

Metallurgical Engineering, B

Microbiology, D

Modern Greek Language and Literature, B

Modern Languages, B

Molecular Biology, BD

Molecular Genetics, D

Molecular Pharmacology, D

Multilingual and Multicultural Education, D

Museology/Museum Studies, M

Music, BMD

Music History, Literature, and Theory, B

Music Theory and Composition, MD

Musicology and Ethnomusicology, MD

Natural Resources and Conservation, B

Near and Middle Eastern Languages, MD

Near and Middle Eastern Studies, BMDO

Neurobiology and Neurophysiology, D

Neuroscience, BD

Nuclear Physics, B

Nutritional Sciences, D

Oral and Dental Sciences, MDO

Organic Chemistry, MD

Organizational Behavior Studies, D

Orthodontics, O

Pathology/Experimental Pathology, D

Periodontics, O

Philosophy, BMD

Physical Chemistry, MD

Physical Sciences, B

Physics, BMD

Physiological Psychology/Psychobiology, B

Physiology, D

Planetary Astronomy and Science, MD

Political Science and Government, BMDO

Polymer Chemistry, B

Population Studies, MD

Portuguese Language and Literature, BMD

Pre-Dentistry Studies, B

Pre-Law Studies, B

Pre-Medicine/Pre-Medical Studies, B

Pre-Veterinary Studies, B

Psychology, BMD

Public Administration, M

Public Health, MDO

Public Policy Analysis, BMDO

Reading Teacher Education, M

Religion/Religious Studies, BMD

Romance Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics, B

Russian Language and Literature, BMD

Russian Studies, B

Scandinavian Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics, BMD

Science Teacher Education/General Science Teacher Education, M

Slavic Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics, BMD

Social Psychology, MD

Social Sciences, B

Sociology, BMD

South and Southeast Asian Studies, M

South Asian Studies, B

Southeast Asian Studies, B

Spanish Language and Literature, BMD

Statistics, BMD

Structural Biology, D

Systematic Biology/Biological Systematics, D

Systems Engineering, B

Technical Communication, M

Theology and Religious Vocations, MDP

Theoretical Physics, MD

Urban and Regional Planning, M

Urban Design, M

Urban Education and Leadership, D

Urban Planning, MD

Urban Studies/Affairs, B

Virology, D

Women's Studies, B

HEBREW COLLEGE

Early Childhood Education and Teaching, O

Education, BMO

Jewish/Judaic Studies, BMO

Middle School Education, O

Music, BO

Non-Profit/Public/Organizational Management, O

Religious Education, BMO

Religious/Sacred Music, B

Sacred Music, O

Social Work, O

Special Education and Teaching, O

HELLENIC COLLEGE

Business Administration and Management, B

Classics and Classical Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics, B

Elementary Education and Teaching, B

Human Development and Family Studies, B

Religion/Religious Studies, B

Theology/Theological Studies, B

HOLYOKE COMMUNITY COLLEGE

Accounting, A

Administrative Assistant and Secretarial Science, A

American/United States Studies/Civilization, A

Biology/Biological Sciences, A

Business Administration and Management, A

Business Teacher Education, A

Chemistry, A

Cinematography and Film/Video Production, A

Clinical Laboratory Science/Medical Technology/Technologist, A

Commercial and Advertising Art, A

Computer Typography and Composition Equipment Operator, A

Consumer Merchandising/Retailing Management, A

Criminal Justice/Police Science, A

Drama and Dramatics/Theatre Arts, A

Elementary Education and Teaching, A

Engineering Science, A

Environmental Studies, A

Family and Consumer Sciences/Human Sciences, A

Fine/Studio Arts, A

Foods, Nutrition, and Wellness Studies, A

Health Information/Medical Records Administration/Administrator, A

Hospitality Administration/Management, A

Hotel/Motel Administration/Management, A

Human Services, A

Information Science/Studies, A

Kindergarten/PreSchool Education and Teaching, A

Legal Administrative Assistant/Secretary, A

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, A

Mass Communication/Media Studies, A

Music, A

Nursing - Registered Nurse Training, A

Photography, A

Physics, A

Pre-Engineering, A

Radiologic Technology/Science - Radiographer, A

Sport and Fitness Administration/Management, A

Tourism and Travel Services Management, A

Veterinary/Animal Health Technology/Technician and Veterinary Assistant, A

Visual and Performing Arts, A

ITT TECHNICAL INSTITUTE (NORWOOD)

CAD/CADD Drafting and/or Design Technology/Technician, A

Computer Programming/Programmer, A

Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering Technology/Technician, A

System, Networking, and LAN/WAN Management/Manager, A

Web Page, Digital/Multimedia and Information Resources Design, A

Web/Multimedia Management and Webmaster, A

ITT TECHNICAL INSTITUTE (WOBURN)

CAD/CADD Drafting and/or Design Technology/Technician, A

Computer Programming/Programmer, A

Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering Technology/Technician, A

System, Networking, and LAN/WAN Management/Manager, A

Web Page, Digital/Multimedia and Information Resources Design, A

Web/Multimedia Management and Webmaster, A

LABOURÉ COLLEGE

Clinical Laboratory Science/Medical Technology/Technologist, A

Dietetics/Dieticians, A

Health Information/Medical Records Administration/Administrator, A

Industrial Radiologic Technology/Technician, A

Nursing - Registered Nurse Training, A

LASELL COLLEGE

Accounting, B

Business Administration and Management, B

Business Administration, Management and Operations, M

Child Development, B

Commercial and Advertising Art, B

Communication Studies/Speech Communication and Rhetoric, B

Consumer Merchandising/Retailing Management, B

Criminal Justice/Safety Studies, B

Education, B

Elementary Education and Teaching, B

Fashion Merchandising, B

Fashion/Apparel Design, B

Finance, B

Graphic Design, B

History, B

Hotel/Motel Administration/Management, B

Human Services, B

Information Science/Studies, B

Interdisciplinary Studies, B

International Business/Trade/Commerce, B

Kindergarten/PreSchool Education and Teaching, B

Kinesiology and Exercise Science, B

Law and Legal Studies, B

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, B

Management, M

Marketing, M

Marketing/Marketing Management, B

Pre-Law Studies, B

Psychology, B

Sociology, B

LESLEY UNIVERSITY

American/United States Studies/Civilization, B

Art Education, MO

Art Therapy/Therapist, BMD

Art/Art Studies, General, B

Business Administration and Management, B

Child Development, B

Clinical Psychology, M

Communications Technologies/Technicians and Support Services, B

Computer Education, MO

LABOURE

Conflict Resolution and Mediation/Peace Studies, M

Counseling Psychology, BMO

Curriculum and Instruction, MO

Early Childhood Education and Teaching, M

Ecology, M

Education, BMDO

Educational Administration and Supervision, MO

Elementary Education and Teaching, BM

English Language and Literature, B

Environmental Education, M

Environmental Studies, B

Fine Arts and Art Studies, M

Health Education, M

Human Development and Family Studies, B

Human Resources Management and Services, M

Human Services, BM

Humanities/Humanistic Studies, B

Interdisciplinary Studies, AM

International Affairs, MO

International and Comparative Education, M

Junior High/Intermediate/Middle School Education and Teaching, B

Kindergarten/PreSchool Education and Teaching, B

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, B

Media Studies, M

Middle School Education, M

Multilingual and Multicultural Education, M

Natural Sciences, B

Project Management, M

Psychology, MDO

Reading Teacher Education, MO

School Psychology, M

Science Teacher Education/General Science Teacher Education, M

Secondary Education and Teaching, B

Social Sciences, B

Special Education and Teaching, BMO

Therapies--Dance, Drama, and Music, MD

MARIAN COURT COLLEGE

Accounting, A

Administrative Assistant and Secretarial Science, A

Business Administration and Management, A

Clinical Laboratory Science/Medical Technology/Technologist, A

Criminal Justice/Safety Studies, A

Data Processing and Data Processing Technology/Technician, A

Hospitality Administration/Management, A

Human Resources Management/Personnel Administration, A

Legal Administrative Assistant/Secretary, A

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, A

Medical Administrative Assistant/Secretary, A

Tourism and Travel Services Management, A

MASSACHUSETTS BAY COMMUNITY COLLEGE

Accounting, A

Automotive Engineering Technology/Technician, A

Biological and Physical Sciences, A

Biology Technician/BioTechnology Laboratory Technician, A

Business Administration and Management, A

Business/Commerce, A

Chemical Technology/Technician, A

Child Care and Support Services Management, A

Communication Studies/Speech Communication and Rhetoric, A

Computer and Information Sciences, A

Computer Engineering Technology/Technician, A

Computer Science, A

Criminal Justice/Law Enforcement Administration, A

Drafting and Design Technology/Technician, A

Engineering Technology, A

Environmental Engineering Technology/Environmental Technology, A

Forensic Science and Technology, A

General Studies, A

Hospitality Administration/Management, A

Human Services, A

Information Science/Studies, A

International Relations and Affairs, A

Legal Assistant/Paralegal, A

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, A

Mechanical Engineering/Mechanical Technology/Technician, A

Medical Radiologic Technology/Science - Radiation Therapist, A

Nursing - Registered Nurse Training, A

Physical Therapist Assistant, A

Respiratory Care Therapy/Therapist, A

Social Sciences, A

MASSACHUSETTS COLLEGE OF ART

Animation, Interactive Technology, Video Graphics and Special Effects, B

Applied Arts and Design, M

Architecture, B

Art Education, M

Art History, Criticism and Conservation, B

Art Teacher Education, B

Ceramic Arts and Ceramics, BM

Cinematography and Film/Video Production, B

Commercial and Advertising Art, B

Design and Applied Arts, M

Fashion/Apparel Design, B

Fiber, Textile and Weaving Arts, B

Film, Television, and Video Production, M

Fine Arts and Art Studies, M

Fine/Studio Arts, B

Industrial Design, B

Intermedia/Multimedia, B

Jewelry/Metalsmithing, M

Metal and Jewelry Arts, B

Painting, BM

Photography, BM

Printmaking, BM

Sculpture, BM

Textile Design, M

Theater, M

MASSACHUSETTS COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS

Accounting, B

Adult and Continuing Education and Teaching, B

Anthropology, B

Art/Art Studies, General, B

Athletic Training and Sports Medicine, B

Biological and Physical Sciences, B

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

Broadcast Journalism, B

Business Administration and Management, B

Chemistry, B

Clinical Laboratory Science/Medical Technology/Technologist, B

Clinical/Medical Laboratory Technician, B

Comparative Literature, B

Computer and Information Sciences, B

Computer Science, B

Creative Writing, B

Curriculum and Instruction, M

Drama and Dramatics/Theatre Arts, B

Economics, B

Education, BM

Educational Administration and Supervision, M

Elementary Education and Teaching, B

English Language and Literature, B

Environmental Studies, B

Finance, B

History, B

Interdisciplinary Studies, B

Journalism, B

Junior High/Intermediate/Middle School Education and Teaching, B

Kindergarten/PreSchool Education and Teaching, B

Marketing/Marketing Management, B

Mass Communication/Media Studies, B

Mathematics, B

Multi-/Interdisciplinary Studies, B

Music, B

Philosophy, B

Physics, B

Pre-Law Studies, B

Psychology, B

Reading Teacher Education, M

Secondary Education and Teaching, B

Social Work, B

Sociology, B

Special Education and Teaching, M

Visual and Performing Arts, B

MASSACHUSETTS COLLEGE OF PHARMACY AND HEALTH SCIENCES

Chemistry, BMD

Dental Hygiene/Hygienist, B

Health Professions and Related Clinical Sciences, B

Health Services Administration, M

Health/Medical Psychology, B

Medical Radiologic Technology/Science - Radiation Therapist, B

Nuclear Medical Technology/Technologist, B

Pharmaceutical Administration, M

Pharmaceutical Sciences, MD

Pharmacology, MD

Pharmacy, B

Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Administration, B

Pre-Medicine/Pre-Medical Studies, B

Radiologic Technology/Science - Radiographer, B

MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Aerospace, Aeronautical and Astronautical Engineering, BMDO

Anthropology, B

Architecture, BMD

Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, MD

Biochemistry, D

Bioengineering, MD

Biological and Biomedical Sciences, MDPO

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

Biomedical Engineering, MD

Biophysics, D

Business/Commerce, B

Cell Biology and Anatomy, D

Ceramic Arts and Ceramics, D

Chemical Engineering, BMDO

Chemistry, BD

City/Urban, Community and Regional Planning, B

Civil Engineering, BMDO

Cognitive Psychology and Psycholinguistics, B

Cognitive Sciences, D

Communication Disorders, D

Computational Biology, D

Computational Sciences, M

Computer Engineering, D

Computer Science, BMDO

Construction Engineering and Management, D

Creative Writing, B

Developmental Biology and Embryology, D

Economics, BMD

Electrical Engineering, MDO

Electrical, Electronics and Communications Engineering, B

Electronic Materials, D

Engineering and Applied Sciences, MDO

Engineering Management, M

English Language and Literature, B

Environmental Biology, D

Environmental Engineering Technology/Environmental Technology, MDO

Environmental Sciences, D

Environmental/Environmental Health Engineering, B

Foreign Languages and Literatures, B

Genetics, D

Geochemistry, D

Geology/Earth Science, BD

Geophysics and Seismology, MD

Geosciences, MD

Geotechnical Engineering, D

History, B

History of Science and Technology, D

Humanities/Humanistic Studies, M

Hydraulics and Fluid Power Technology, D

Hydrology and Water Resources Science, D

Immunology, D

Information Science/Studies, D

Inorganic Chemistry, D

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, B

Linguistics, BMD

Logistics and Materials Management, M

Management, MDO

Marine Geology, M

Mass Communication/Media Studies, B

Materials Engineering, BMDO

Materials Sciences, MDO

Mathematics, BD

Mathematics and Computer Science, B

Mechanical Engineering, BMDO

Mechanics, D

Media Studies, MD

Medical Informatics, M

Medical Physics, D

Metallurgical Engineering, O

Microbiology, D

Molecular Biology, D

Molecular Pathology, D

Molecular Pharmacology, D

Molecular Toxicology, D

Music, B

Neurobiology and Neurophysiology, D

Neuroscience, D

Nuclear Engineering, BMDO

Ocean Engineering, BMDO

Oceanography, Chemical and Physical, MD

Operations Research, MD

Organic Chemistry, D

Philosophy, BD

Physical Chemistry, D

Physics, BMD

Planetary Astronomy and Science, D

Plasma and High-Temperature Physics, D

Political Science and Government, BMD

Polymer/Plastics Engineering, D

Real Estate, M

Science, Technology and Society, B

Social Sciences, D

Structural Engineering, D

Systematic Biology/Biological Systematics, D

Systems Engineering, MDO

Technical and Business Writing, M

Technology and Public Policy, MDO

Toxicology, MD

Transportation and Highway Engineering, D

Urban and Regional Planning, MD

Urban Studies/Affairs, MD

Writing, M

MASSACHUSETTS MARITIME ACADEMY

Engineering, B

Engineering Technology, B

Environmental Studies, B

Environmental/Environmental Health Engineering, B

International Business/Trade/Commerce, B

Marine Science/Merchant Marine Officer, B

Maritime Science, B

Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering, B

MASSASOIT COMMUNITY COLLEGE

Accounting, A

Administrative Assistant and Secretarial Science, A

Architectural Engineering Technology/Technician, A

Business Administration and Management, A

Business Administration, Management and Operations, A

Child Care and Support Services Management, A

Child Care Provider/Assistant, A

Computer and Information Sciences, A

Computer and Information Sciences and Support Services, A

Computer Programming/Programmer, A

Criminal Justice/Police Science, A

Culinary Arts/Chef Training, A

Dental Assisting/Assistant, A

Diesel Mechanics Technology/Technician, A

Drama and Dramatics/Theatre Arts, A

Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technologies/Technicians, A

Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering Technology/Technician, A

Engineering Technologies/Technicians, A

Fine/Studio Arts, A

Fire Science/Firefighting, A

Graphic Design, A

Heating, Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Technology/Technician, A

Hotel/Motel Administration/Management, A

Human Services, A

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, A

Management Information Systems and Services, A

Marketing/Marketing Management, A

Medical/Clinical Assistant, A

Nursing - Registered Nurse Training, A

Operations Management and Supervision, A

Radiologic Technology/Science - Radiographer, A

Respiratory Care Therapy/Therapist, A

Respiratory Therapy Technician/Assistant, A

Restaurant/Food Services Management, A

Tourism and Travel Services Management, A

Vehicle Maintenance and Repair Technologies, A

MERRIMACK COLLEGE

Biochemistry, B

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

Business Administration and Management, AB

Business/Managerial Economics, B

Chemistry, B

Civil Engineering, B

Communication Studies/Speech Communication and Rhetoric, B

Computer Engineering, B

Computer Science, AB

Economics, B

Education, M

Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering Technology/Technician, A

Electrical, Electronics and Communications Engineering, B

Elementary Education and Teaching, B

Engineering Physics, B

Engineering Science, A

English Language and Literature, B

Environmental Studies, B

Finance, B

Fine/Studio Arts, B

French Language and Literature, B

History, B

Human Services, AB

Interdisciplinary Studies, B

International Business/Trade/Commerce, B

Junior High/Intermediate/Middle School Education and Teaching, B

Legal Assistant/Paralegal, A

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, A

Marketing/Marketing Management, B

Mathematics, B

Philosophy, B

Physical Therapy/Therapist, B

Political Science and Government, B

Pre-Dentistry Studies, B

Pre-Law Studies, B

Pre-Medicine/Pre-Medical Studies, B

Psychology, B

Public Health (MPH, DPH), B

Religion/Religious Studies, B

Secondary Education and Teaching, B

Sociology, B

Spanish Language and Literature, B

MIDDLESEX COMMUNITY COLLEGE

Accounting, A

Art/Art Studies, General, A

Automobile/Automotive Mechanics Technology/Technician, A

Biomedical Technology/Technician, A

Business Administration and Management, A

Business/Corporate Communications, A

Commercial and Advertising Art, A

Computer Engineering Technology/Technician, A

Computer Science, A

Computer Software Technology/Technician, A

Consumer Merchandising/Retailing Management, A

Criminal Justice/Law Enforcement Administration, A

Culinary Arts/Chef Training, A

Data Modeling/Warehousing and Database Administration, A

Dental Assisting/Assistant, A

Dental Hygiene/Hygienist, A

Dental Laboratory Technology/Technician, A

Diagnostic Medical Sonography/Sonographer and Ultrasound Technician, A

Drafting and Design Technology/Technician, A

Drama and Dramatics/Theatre Arts, A

Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering Technology/Technician, A

Elementary Education and Teaching, A

Fashion Merchandising, A

Fire Science/Firefighting, A

General Studies, A

Hospitality and Recreation Marketing Operations, A

Hotel/Motel Administration/Management, A

Human Services, A

Kindergarten/PreSchool Education and Teaching, A

Legal Assistant/Paralegal, A

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, A

Marketing/Marketing Management, A

Mass Communication/Media Studies, A

Medical/Clinical Assistant, A

Nursing - Registered Nurse Training, A

Office Management and Supervision, A

Pre-Engineering, A

Radiologic Technology/Science - Radiographer, A

Telecommunications Technology/Technician, A

MONTSERRAT COLLEGE OF ART

Art Teacher Education, B

Drawing, B

Fine Arts and Art Studies, B

Fine/Studio Arts, B

Graphic Design, B

Illustration, B

Painting, B

Photography, B

Printmaking, B

Sculpture, B

MOUNT HOLYOKE COLLEGE

African-American/Black Studies, B

American/United States Studies/Civilization, B

Ancient Studies/Civilization, B

Anthropology, B

Architectural History and Criticism, B

Art History, Criticism and Conservation, B

Asian Studies/Civilization, B

Astronomy, B

Biochemistry, B

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

Chemistry, B

Classics and Classical Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics, B

Computer Science, B

Dance, B

Drama and Dramatics/Theatre Arts, B

Economics, B

Education, B

English Language and Literature, B

Environmental Studies, B

European Studies/Civilization, B

Film/Cinema Studies, B

Fine/Studio Arts, B

French Language and Literature, B

Geography, B

Geology/Earth Science, B

German Language and Literature, B

History, B

Interdisciplinary Studies, B

International Relations and Affairs, B

Italian Language and Literature, B

Jewish/Judaic Studies, B

Latin American Studies, B

Mathematics, B

Medieval and Renaissance Studies, B

Modern Greek Language and Literature, B

Music, B

Philosophy, B

Physics, B

Political Science and Government, B

Psychology, B

Religion/Religious Studies, B

Romance Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics, B

Russian Studies, B

Sociology, B

Spanish Language and Literature, B

Statistics, B

Women's Studies, B

MOUNT IDA COLLEGE

American/United States Studies/Civilization, B

Animal Sciences, B

Business Administration and Management, AB

Child Development, B

Commercial and Advertising Art, AB

Consumer Merchandising/Retailing Management, AB

Criminal Justice/Law Enforcement Administration, AB

Dental Hygiene/Hygienist, A

Developmental and Child Psychology, B

Equestrian/Equine Studies, B

Fashion Merchandising, AB

Fashion/Apparel Design, AB

Funeral Service and Mortuary Science, AB

Horse Husbandry/Equine Science and Management, B

Hotel/Motel Administration/Management, AB

Human Services, B

Interior Design, B

Kindergarten/PreSchool Education and Teaching, AB

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, B

Marketing/Marketing Management, B

Psychology, B

Social Work, B

Teacher Assistant/Aide, A

Veterinary/Animal Health Technology/Technician and Veterinary Assistant, AB

MOUNT WACHUSETT COMMUNITY COLLEGE

Accounting, A

Art/Art Studies, General, A

Automobile/Automotive Mechanics Technology/Technician, A

Business Administration and Management, A

Child Development, A

Communication Disorders, A

Computer Graphics, A

Computer Technology/Computer Systems Technology, A

Criminal Justice/Law Enforcement Administration, A

Dental Hygiene/Hygienist, A

Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering Technology/Technician, A

Environmental Studies, A

Fine/Studio Arts, A

Fire Science/Firefighting, A

General Studies, A

Human Services, A

Industrial Engineering, A

Industrial Technology/Technician, A

Information Science/Studies, A

Kinesiology and Exercise Science, A

Legal Assistant/Paralegal, A

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, A

Licensed Practical/Vocational Nurse Training, A

Management Information Systems and Services, A

Manufacturing Technology/Technician, A

Massage Therapy/Therapeutic Massage, A

Medical/Clinical Assistant, A

Nursing - Registered Nurse Training, A

Physical Therapy/Therapist, A

Plastics Engineering Technology/Technician, A

Radio and Television Broadcasting Technology/Technician, A

Sales, Distribution and Marketing Operations, A

Sign Language Interpretation and Translation, A

Telecommunications Technology/Technician, A

Web Page, Digital/Multimedia and Information Resources Design, A

NEW ENGLAND COLLEGE OF FINANCE

Accounting, A

Business Administration and Management, A

Computer Science, A

Finance, A

Management Information Systems and Services, A

Marketing/Marketing Management, A

NEW ENGLAND CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC

Jazz/Jazz Studies, B

Music, MDO

Music History, Literature, and Theory, B

Music Performance, B

Music Theory and Composition, B

Piano and Organ, B

Violin, Viola, Guitar and Other Stringed Instruments, B

Voice and Opera, B

Wind and Percussion Instruments, B

THE NEW ENGLAND INSTITUTE OF ART

Animation, Interactive Technology, Video Graphics and Special Effects, B

Commercial and Advertising Art, B

Communication Studies/Speech Communication and Rhetoric, A

Computer Graphics, B

Design and Applied Arts, B

Digital Communication and Media/Multimedia, B

Graphic Design, B

Interior Design, B

Intermedia/Multimedia, B

Music Management and Merchandising, A

Radio and Television Broadcasting Technology/Technician, A

Web Page, Digital/Multimedia and Information Resources Design, B

Web/Multimedia Management and Webmaster, B

NEWBURY COLLEGE

Accounting, AB

Business Administration and Management, AB

Commercial and Advertising Art, A

Computer Programming/Programmer, AB

Computer Science, AB

Consumer Merchandising/Retailing Management, A

Criminal Justice/Law Enforcement Administration, AB

Culinary Arts and Related Services, B

Culinary Arts/Chef Training, A

Fashion Merchandising, A

Finance, AB

Health/Health Care Administration/Management, B

Hotel/Motel Administration/Management, AB

Human Resources Management/Personnel Administration, B

Humanities/Humanistic Studies, A

Interior Design, AB

International Business/Trade/Commerce, B

Law and Legal Studies, B

Legal Assistant/Paralegal, A

Marketing Research, B

Marketing/Marketing Management, AB

Mass Communication/Media Studies, AB

Pre-Law Studies, B

Psychology, AB

Radio and Television, A

Social Sciences, A

Sociology, A

Special Products Marketing Operations, A

Tourism and Travel Services Management, A

NICHOLS COLLEGE

Accounting, BM

Business Administration and Management, AB

Business Administration, Management and Operations, M

Business/Commerce, B

Economics, B

English Language and Literature, B

Finance, B

Finance and Banking, M

History, B

Human Resources Management/Personnel Administration, B

International Business/Trade/Commerce, M

Management, M

Management Information Systems and Services, B

Marketing, M

Marketing/Marketing Management, B

Mathematics, B

Psychology, B

Secondary Education and Teaching, B

Sport and Fitness Administration/Management, B

NORTH SHORE COMMUNITY COLLEGE

Accounting, A

Administrative Assistant and Secretarial Science, A

Airline/Commercial/Professional Pilot and Flight Crew, A

Applied Horticulture/Horticultural Operations, A

Biology Technician/BioTechnology Laboratory Technician, A

Business Administration and Management, A

Child Development, A

Computer and Information Sciences, A

Computer Engineering Technology/Technician, A

Computer Graphics, A

Computer Programming, Specific Applications, A

Computer Programming/Programmer, A

Computer Science, A

Criminal Justice/Law Enforcement Administration, A

Culinary Arts/Chef Training, A

Data Entry/Microcomputer Applications, A

Engineering Science, A

Fire Science/Firefighting, A

Foods, Nutrition, and Wellness Studies, A

Forestry, A

Gerontology, A

Hospitality Administration/Management, A

Information Science/Studies, A

Interdisciplinary Studies, A

Kindergarten/PreSchool Education and Teaching, A

Landscaping and Groundskeeping, A

Legal Administrative Assistant/Secretary, A

Legal Assistant/Paralegal, A

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, A

Marketing/Marketing Management, A

Medical Administrative Assistant/Secretary, A

Medical Radiologic Technology/Science - Radiation Therapist, A

Mental Health/Rehabilitation, A

Nursing - Registered Nurse Training, A

Occupational Therapy/Therapist, A

Physical Therapist Assistant, A

Pre-Engineering, A

Public Health (MPH, DPH), A

Respiratory Care Therapy/Therapist, A

Substance Abuse/Addiction Counseling, A

Tourism and Travel Services Management, A

Veterinary/Animal Health Technology/Technician and Veterinary Assistant, A

NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY

Accounting, BMO

Aeronautical/Aerospace Engineering Technology/Technician, B

African-American/Black Studies, B

Allied Health and Medical Assisting Services, MDPO

Analytical Chemistry, D

Anthropology, B

Applied Economics, MD

Architecture, BM

Art/Art Studies, General, B

Athletic Training and Sports Medicine, B

Audiology/Audiologist and Speech-Language Pathology/Pathologist, B

Behavioral Sciences, B

Biochemistry, BMD

Bioinformatics, M

Biological and Biomedical Sciences, MD

Biology Technician/BioTechnology Laboratory Technician, B

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

BioTechnology, M

Business Administration and Management, B

Business Administration, Management and Operations, MO

Business/Commerce, B

Cardiovascular Sciences, M

Chemical Engineering, BMD

Chemistry, BMD

Civil Engineering, BMD

Clinical/Medical Laboratory Technician, B

Commercial and Advertising Art, B

Communication Disorders, MD

Communication Studies/Speech Communication and Rhetoric, B

Community Health Nursing, MO

Computer Engineering, BMD

Computer Engineering Technology/Technician, B

Computer Science, BMD

Corrections, B

Counseling Psychology, MDO

Counselor Education/School Counseling and Guidance Services, M

Criminal Justice/Police Science, B

Criminal Justice/Safety Studies, B

Criminology, M

Dental Hygiene/Hygienist, B

Drama and Dramatics/Theatre Arts, B

Economics, BMD

Education, BM

Educational Psychology, M

Electrical Engineering, MD

Electrical, Electronics and Communications Engineering, B

Elementary Education and Teaching, BM

Engineering, B

Engineering and Applied Sciences, MD

Engineering Management, M

English, MDO

English Language and Literature, B

Entrepreneurship/Entrepreneurial Studies, B

Environmental Engineering Technology/Environmental Technology, MD

Environmental Studies, B

Exercise and Sports Science, M

Experimental Psychology, MD

Finance, B

Finance and Banking, M

French Language and Literature, B

Geology/Earth Science, B

German Language and Literature, B

Health Services Administration, M

Health/Health Care Administration/Management, B

History, BMD

Human Resources Management/Personnel Administration, B

Human Services, B

Industrial Engineering, B

Industrial/Management Engineering, MD

Information Science/Studies, BM

Inorganic Chemistry, D

International Affairs, M

International Business/Trade/Commerce, B

International Relations and Affairs, B

Italian Language and Literature, B

Journalism, BM

Kindergarten/PreSchool Education and Teaching, B

Law and Legal Studies, PO

Legal and Justice Studies, MDO

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, B

Linguistics, B

Logistics and Materials Management, B

Management Information Systems and Services, B

Management Science, B

Manufacturing Engineering, MD

Marine Biology and Biological Oceanography, B

Marketing/Marketing Management, B

Mass Communication/Media Studies, B

Mathematics, BMD

Mechanical Engineering, BMD

Mechanical Engineering/Mechanical Technology/Technician, B

Medical Technology, M

Modern Languages, B

Music, B

Music History, Literature, and Theory, B

Music Management and Merchandising, B

Nurse Anesthetist, M

Nursing, BMO

Nursing - Advanced Practice, MO

Nursing Administration, MO

Operations Research, M

Organic Chemistry, D

Pediatric Nurse/Nursing, MO

Pharmaceutical Sciences, P

Pharmacology, M

Pharmacy, B

Philosophy, B

Physical Chemistry, D

Physical Therapy/Therapist, B

Physician Assistant, M

Physics, BMD

Political Science and Government, BMD

Psychiatric/Mental Health Nurse/Nursing, MO

Psychology, BMDO

Public Administration, BM

Public Health (MPH, DPH), B

Public History, M

Public Policy Analysis, MDO

Radio and Television, B

Rehabilitation Counseling, M

Rehabilitation Therapy, B

Russian Language and Literature, B

School Psychology, MDO

Secondary Education and Teaching, M

Sign Language Interpretation and Translation, B

Sociology, BMD

Spanish Language and Literature, B

Special Education and Teaching, M

Speech and Interpersonal Communication, D

Student Personnel Services, M

Systems Engineering, M

Taxation, MO

Telecommunications Management, M

Therapeutic Recreation/Recreational Therapy, B

Toxicology, M

Women's Studies, B

Writing, M

NORTHERN ESSEX COMMUNITY COLLEGE

Accounting, A

Administrative Assistant and Secretarial Science, A

Biological and Physical Sciences, A

Business Administration and Management, A

Business Teacher Education, A

Civil Engineering Technology/Technician, A

Commercial and Advertising Art, A

Computer and Information Sciences, A

Computer Engineering Technology/Technician, A

Computer Graphics, A

Computer Programming, A

Computer Programming, Specific Applications, A

Computer Programming/Programmer, A

Computer Science, A

Computer Systems Networking and Telecommunications, A

Computer Typography and Composition Equipment Operator, A

Criminal Justice/Law Enforcement Administration, A

Dance, A

Data Processing and Data Processing Technology/Technician, A

Dental Assisting/Assistant, A

Drama and Dramatics/Theatre Arts, A

Education, A

Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering Technology/Technician, A

Elementary Education and Teaching, A

Engineering Science, A

Finance, A

General Studies, A

Health Information/Medical Records Administration/Administrator, A

History, A

Hotel/Motel Administration/Management, A

Human Services, A

Industrial Radiologic Technology/Technician, A

International Relations and Affairs, A

Journalism, A

Kindergarten/PreSchool Education and Teaching, A

Legal Assistant/Paralegal, A

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, A

Machine Tool Technology/Machinist, A

Marketing/Marketing Management, A

Materials Sciences, A

Medical Administrative Assistant/Secretary, A

Medical Transcription/Transcriptionist, A

Mental Health/Rehabilitation, A

Music, A

Nursing - Registered Nurse Training, A

Parks, Recreation, Leisure and Fitness Studies, A

Physical Education Teaching and Coaching, A

Political Science and Government, A

Radiologic Technology/Science - Radiographer, A

Real Estate, A

Respiratory Care Therapy/Therapist, A

Respiratory Therapy Technician/Assistant, A

Sign Language Interpretation and Translation, A

Telecommunications Technology/Technician, A

Tourism and Travel Services Management, A

Web Page, Digital/Multimedia and Information Resources Design, A

Web/Multimedia Management and Webmaster, A

Women's Studies, A

Word Processing, A

PINE MANOR COLLEGE

American/United States Studies/Civilization, B

Art History, Criticism and Conservation, B

Biology/Biological Sciences, AB

Business Administration and Management, AB

Communication Studies/Speech Communication and Rhetoric, B

Creative Writing, B

Elementary Education and Teaching, B

English Language and Literature, AB

Fine/Studio Arts, AB

History, AB

Kindergarten/PreSchool Education and Teaching, B

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, A

Mass Communication/Media Studies, B

Political Science and Government, B

Psychology, B

QUINCY COLLEGE

Accounting, A

American Government and Politics (United States), A Behavioral Sciences, A

Business Administration and Management, A

Criminal Justice/Law Enforcement Administration, A

Criminal Justice/Police Science, A

Drama and Dramatics/Theatre Arts, A

Early Childhood Education and Teaching, A

Elementary Education and Teaching, A

Emergency Medical Technology/Technician (EMT Paramedic), A

English Language and Literature, A

Fire Science/Firefighting, A

General Studies, A

History, A

Human Services, A

Humanities/Humanistic Studies, A

Law and Legal Studies, A

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, A

Management Information Systems and Services, A

Mathematics, A

Music, A

Natural Sciences, A

Nursing - Registered Nurse Training, A

Political Science and Government, A

Psychology, A

Social Sciences, A

Social Work, A

Sociology, A

Visual and Performing Arts, A

QUINSIGAMOND COMMUNITY COLLEGE

Accounting, A

Administrative Assistant and Secretarial Science, A

Art/Art Studies, General, A

Automobile/Automotive Mechanics Technology/Technician, A

Business Administration and Management, A

Commercial and Advertising Art, A

Computer Programming/Programmer, A

Computer Technology/Computer Systems Technology, A

Consumer Merchandising/Retailing Management, A

Criminal Justice/Law Enforcement Administration, A

Data Processing and Data Processing Technology/Technician, A

Dental Hygiene/Hygienist, A

Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering Technology/Technician, A

Emergency Medical Technology/Technician (EMT Paramedic), A

Fire Science/Firefighting, A

General Studies, A

Hotel/Motel Administration/Management, A

Human Services, A

Information Science/Studies, A

Kindergarten/PreSchool Education and Teaching, A

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, A

Medical Radiologic Technology/Science - Radiation Therapist, A

Nursing - Registered Nurse Training, A

Occupational Therapist Assistant, A

Occupational Therapy/Therapist, A

Respiratory Care Therapy/Therapist, A

Tourism and Travel Services Management, A

REGIS COLLEGE

Biochemistry, B

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

Business Administration, Management and Operations, M

Business/Commerce, B

Communication Studies/Speech Communication and Rhetoric, B

Computer and Information Sciences, B

Corporate and Organizational Communication, M

Drama and Dramatics/Theatre Arts, B

Education, M

English Language and Literature, B

Graphic Design, B

History, B

International Relations and Affairs, B

Law and Legal Studies, B

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, B

Mathematics, B

Mathematics Teacher Education, B

Multi-/Interdisciplinary Studies, B

Museology/Museum Studies, B

Nursing, MO

Nursing - Registered Nurse Training, AB

Organizational Management, M

Political Science and Government, B

Psychology, B

Public Health, M

Public Relations, Advertising, and Applied Communication, B

Social Work, B

Sociology, B

Spanish Language and Literature, B

ROXBURY COMMUNITY COLLEGE

Accounting, A

Administrative Assistant and Secretarial Science, A

Biology/Biological Sciences, A

Business Administration and Management, A

Criminal Justice/Law Enforcement Administration, A

Data Entry/Microcomputer Applications, A

English Language and Literature, A

Environmental Engineering Technology/Environmental Technology, A

General Studies, A

Humanities/Humanistic Studies, A

Information Science/Studies, A

International Business/Trade/Commerce, A

Kindergarten/PreSchool Education and Teaching, A

Legal Administrative Assistant/Secretary, A

Mathematics, A

Medical Administrative Assistant/Secretary, A

Music, A

Nursing - Registered Nurse Training, A

Physical Sciences, A

Pre-Engineering, A

Social Sciences, A

Visual and Performing Arts, A

SALEM STATE COLLEGE

Accounting, B

Administrative Assistant and Secretarial Science, B

Applied Mathematics, B

Art Teacher Education, B

Art/Art Studies, General, B

Aviation/Airway Management and Operations, B

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

Business Administration and Management, B

Business Administration, Management and Operations, MO

Business Teacher Education, B

Business/Managerial Economics, B

Cartography, B

Central/Middle and Eastern European Studies, B

Chemistry, B

City/Urban, Community and Regional Planning, B

Clinical Laboratory Science/Medical Technology/Technologist, B

Commercial and Advertising Art, B

Comparative Literature, B

Computer Science, B

Consumer Merchandising/Retailing Management, B

Counselor Education/School Counseling and Guidance Services, M

Criminal Justice/Law Enforcement Administration, B

Drama and Dramatics/Theatre Arts, B

Drawing, B

Early Childhood Education and Teaching, M

Economics, B

Education, BMO

Educational Administration and Supervision, M

Educational Media/Instructional Technology, M

Elementary Education and Teaching, BM

English, M

English as a Second Language, M

English Education, M

English Language and Literature, B

European Studies/Civilization, B

Finance, B

Geography, BM

Geology/Earth Science, B

Health Teacher Education, B

History, BM

Journalism, B

Kindergarten/PreSchool Education and Teaching, B

Kinesiology and Exercise Science, B

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, B

Management Information Systems and Services, B

Marine Biology and Biological Oceanography, B

Marine Science/Merchant Marine Officer, B

Marketing/Marketing Management, B

Mass Communication/Media Studies, B

Mathematics, BM

Mathematics Teacher Education, M

Middle School Education, M

Multilingual and Multicultural Education, M

Nuclear Medical Technology/Technologist, B

Nursing, MO

Nursing - Registered Nurse Training, B

Parks, Recreation, Leisure and Fitness Studies, B

Photography, B

Physical Education Teaching and Coaching, B

Political Science and Government, B

Pre-Dentistry Studies, B

Pre-Law Studies, B

Pre-Medicine/Pre-Medical Studies, B

Pre-Veterinary Studies, B

Psychology, BM

Public Relations/Image Management, B

Reading Teacher Education, M

Science Teacher Education/General Science Teacher Education, M

Secondary Education and Teaching, M

Social Sciences, B

Social Studies Teacher Education, M

Social Work, BM

Sociology, B

Special Education and Teaching, M

Sport and Fitness Administration/Management, B

SCHOOL OF THE MUSEUM OF FINE ARTS, BOSTON

Applied Art, B

Art Teacher Education, B

Art/Art Studies, General, B

Ceramic Arts and Ceramics, B

Cinematography and Film/Video Production, B

Computer Graphics, B

Drawing, B

Film/Cinema Studies, B

Film/Video and Photographic Arts, B

Fine Arts and Art Studies, BM

Fine/Studio Arts, B

Graphic Design, B

Illustration, B

Intermedia/Multimedia, B

Metal and Jewelry Arts, B

Painting, B

Photography, B

Printmaking, B

Sculpture, B

Visual and Performing Arts, B

SIMMONS COLLEGE

Accounting, B

Advertising, B

African-American/Black Studies, B

Art/Art Studies, General, B

Arts Management, B

Biochemistry, B

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

Business Administration and Management, B

Business Administration, Management and Operations, M

Chemistry, B

Commercial and Advertising Art, B

Comparative Literature, B

Computer Science, B

Consumer Merchandising/Retailing Management, B

Corporate and Organizational Communication, M

Cultural Studies, M

Dietetics/Dieticians, B

East Asian Studies, B

Economics, B

Education, BMO

Educational Leadership and Administration, MO

Educational Media/Instructional Technology, MO

Elementary Education and Teaching, BMO

English, MO

English as a Second Language, M

English Language and Literature, B

Environmental Studies, B

Finance, B

Foods, Nutrition, and Wellness Studies, B

French Language and Literature, B

Gender Studies, M

Health Promotion, MO

Health Services Administration, MO

History, B

Human Services, B

Information Science/Studies, MDO

Information Technology, B

International Relations and Affairs, B

Kindergarten/PreSchool Education and Teaching, B

Library Science, MDO

Management Information Systems and Services, B

Marketing/Marketing Management, B

Mass Communication/Media Studies, B

Mathematics, B

Music, B

Music History, Literature, and Theory, B

Nursing, MO

Nursing - Advanced Practice, MO

Nursing - Registered Nurse Training, B

Nutritional Sciences, MO

Pharmacy, B

Philosophy, B

Physical Therapy/Therapist, BD

Physiological Psychology/Psychobiology, B

Political Science and Government, B

Pre-Dentistry Studies, B

Pre-Law Studies, B

Pre-Medicine/Pre-Medical Studies, B

Psychology, B

Public History, MO

Public Policy Analysis, B

Public Relations/Image Management, B

Secondary Education and Teaching, BMO

Social Work, MDO

Sociology, B

Spanish Language and Literature, BMO

Special Education and Teaching, BMO

Teaching English as a Second or Foreign Language/ESL Language Instructor, B

Urban Education and Leadership, MO

Women's Studies, B

SIMON'S ROCK COLLEGE OF BARD

Acting, B

African-American/Black Studies, B

Agricultural Business and Management, B

American Literature (United States), B

American/United States Studies/Civilization, B

Anthropology, B

Applied Mathematics, B

Art History, Criticism and Conservation, B

Asian Studies/Civilization, B

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

Ceramic Arts and Ceramics, B

Chemistry, B

Chinese Language and Literature, B

Chinese Studies, B

Cognitive Psychology and Psycholinguistics, B

Comparative Literature, B

Computer and Information Sciences, B

Computer Graphics, B

Computer Science, B

Creative Writing, B

Dance, B

Developmental and Child Psychology, B

Drama and Dramatics/Theatre Arts, B

Drawing, B

Ecology, B

Economics, B

English Composition, B

Environmental Studies, B

Ethnic and Cultural Studies, B

Ethnic, Cultural Minority, and Gender Studies, B

European Studies/Civilization, B

Fine/Studio Arts, B

Foreign Languages and Literatures, B

French Language and Literature, B

French Studies, B

Geography, B

Geology/Earth Science, B

German Language and Literature, B

German Studies, B

Indian/Native American Education, B

Interdisciplinary Studies, B

Jazz/Jazz Studies, B

Latin American Studies, B

Latin Language and Literature, B

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, A

Mathematics, B

Metal and Jewelry Arts, B

Music, B

Music Theory and Composition, B

Natural Sciences, B

Painting, B

Philosophy, B

Photography, B

Physics, B

Playwriting and Screenwriting, B

Political Science and Government, B

Pre-Law Studies, B

Pre-Medicine/Pre-Medical Studies, B

Printmaking, B

Psychology, B

Religion/Religious Studies, B

Sculpture, B

Sociology, B

Spanish and Iberian Studies, B

Spanish Language and Literature, B

Technical Theatre/Theatre Design and Technology, B

Theatre Literature, History and Criticism, B

Ukraine Studies, B

Visual and Performing Arts, B

Women's Studies, B

SMITH COLLEGE

African-American/Black Studies, B

American/United States Studies/Civilization, B

Ancient/Classical Greek Language and Literature, B

Anthropology, B

Architecture, B

Art History, Criticism and Conservation, B

Art/Art Studies, General, B

Astronomy, B

Biochemistry, B

Biological and Biomedical Sciences, MD

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

Chemistry, BM

Classics and Classical Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics, B

Comparative Literature, B

Computer Science, B

Dance, BM

Drama and Dramatics/Theatre Arts, B

East Asian Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics, B

East Asian Studies, B

Economics, B

Education, BM

Elementary Education and Teaching, M

Engineering Science, B

English Education, M

English Language and Literature, B

Exercise and Sports Science, M

Fine/Studio Arts, B

Foreign Language Teacher Education, M

French Language and Literature, BM

French Studies, B

Geology/Earth Science, B

German Language and Literature, B

German Studies, B

History, BM

Interdisciplinary Studies, B

Italian Language and Literature, BM

Latin American Studies, B

Latin Language and Literature, B

Mathematics, B

Mathematics Teacher Education, M

Medieval and Renaissance Studies, B

Middle School Education, M

Music, BM

Near and Middle Eastern Studies, B

Neuroscience, B

Philosophy, B

Physics, B

Political Science and Government, B

Portuguese Language and Literature, B

Pre-Law Studies, B

Pre-Medicine/Pre-Medical Studies, B

Psychology, B

Religion/Religious Studies, BM

Russian Language and Literature, B

Russian Studies, B

Science Teacher Education/General Science Teacher Education, M

Secondary Education and Teaching, M

Social Studies Teacher Education, M

Social Work, MD

Sociology, B

Spanish Language and Literature, B

Special Education and Teaching, M

Theater, M

Women's Studies, B

SPRINGFIELD COLLEGE

Applied Art, B

Art Therapy/Therapist, BMO

Athletic Training and Sports Medicine, B

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

Business Administration and Management, B

Child and Family Studies, O

Communication Disorders, B

Communication, Journalism and Related Programs, B

Computer Graphics, B

Computer Science, B

Counseling Psychology, MO

Counselor Education/School Counseling and Guidance Services, MO

Education, BM

Elementary Education and Teaching, B

Emergency Medical Technology/Technician (EMT Paramedic), B

English Language and Literature, B

Exercise and Sports Science, MD

General Studies, B

Health Education, M

Health Services Administration, M

Health Teacher Education, B

Health/Health Care Administration/Management, B

History, B

Human Services, M

Industrial and Organizational Psychology, MO

Junior High/Intermediate/Middle School Education and Teaching, B

Kindergarten/PreSchool Education and Teaching, B

Kinesiology and Exercise Science, B

Kinesiology and Movement Studies, M

Management Information Systems and Services, B

Marriage and Family Therapy/Counseling, MO

Mathematics, B

Mental Health/Rehabilitation, B

Occupational Therapy/Therapist, BMO

Parks, Recreation and Leisure Facilities Management, B

Parks, Recreation, Leisure and Fitness Studies, B

Physical Education Teaching and Coaching, BMDO

Physical Therapy/Therapist, BM

Physician Assistant, BM

Pre-Dentistry Studies, B

Pre-Law Studies, B

Pre-Medicine/Pre-Medical Studies, B

Psychology, B

Public Health (MPH, DPH), B

Recreation and Park Management, M

Rehabilitation Counseling, MO

Rehabilitation Therapy, B

Science Teacher Education/General Science Teacher Education, B

Secondary Education and Teaching, BM

Social Work, MO

Sociology, B

Sport and Fitness Administration/Management, BM

Sport Psychology, MDO

Student Personnel Services, MO

Substance Abuse/Addiction Counseling, MO

Therapeutic Recreation, M

Therapeutic Recreation/Recreational Therapy, B

SPRINGFIELD TECHNICAL COMMUNITY COLLEGE

Accounting, A

Administrative Assistant and Secretarial Science, A

Architectural Engineering Technology/Technician, A

Automotive Engineering Technology/Technician, A

Biology/Biological Sciences, A

BioTechnology, A

Business Administration and Management, A

Business/Commerce, A

CAD/CADD Drafting and/or Design Technology/Technician, A

Chemistry, A

Civil Engineering Technology/Technician, A

Clinical/Medical Laboratory Technician, A

Commercial and Advertising Art, A

Communications Technologies/Technicians and Support Services, A

Computer and Information Sciences and Support Services, A

Computer Engineering Technology/Technician, A

Computer Science, A

Cosmetology/Cosmetologist, A

Criminal Justice/Police Science, A

Dental Hygiene/Hygienist, A

Diagnostic Medical Sonography/Sonographer and Ultrasound Technician, A

Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technologies/Technicians, A

Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering Technology/Technician, A

Electromechanical Technology/Electromechanical Engineering Technology, A

Elementary Education and Teaching, A

Engineering, A

Entrepreneurship/Entrepreneurial Studies, A

Finance, A

Fine/Studio Arts, A

Fire Science/Firefighting, A

General Studies, A

Graphic Design, A

Health Aide, A

Heating, Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Technology/Technician, A

Kindergarten/PreSchool Education and Teaching, A

Landscaping and Groundskeeping, A

Laser and Optical Technology/Technician, A

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, A

Logistics and Materials Management, A

Marketing/Marketing Management, A

Massage Therapy/Therapeutic Massage, A

Mathematics, A

Mechanical Engineering/Mechanical Technology/Technician, A

Medical Administrative Assistant/Secretary, A

Medical Insurance Coding Specialist/Coder, A

Medical Radiologic Technology/Science - Radiation Therapist, A

Medical/Clinical Assistant, A

Nuclear Medical Technology/Technologist, A

Nursing - Registered Nurse Training, A

Occupational Therapist Assistant, A

Physical Therapist Assistant, A

Prepress/Desktop Publishing and Digital Imaging Design, A

Quality Control Technology/Technician, A

Rehabilitation and Therapeutic Professions, A

Respiratory Care Therapy/Therapist, A

Surgical Technology/Technologist, A

Web/Multimedia Management and Webmaster, A

STONEHILL COLLEGE

Accounting, BM

American/United States Studies/Civilization, B

Biochemistry, B

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

Business Administration and Management, B

Chemistry, B

Communication Studies/Speech Communication and Rhetoric, B

Computer Engineering, B

Computer Science, B

Criminal Justice/Safety Studies, B

Criminology, B

Economics, B

Elementary Education and Teaching, B

English Language and Literature, B

Ethnic, Cultural Minority, and Gender Studies, B

Finance, B

Fine/Studio Arts, B

Foreign Languages and Literatures, B

Health/Health Care Administration/Management, B

History, B

International Relations and Affairs, B

Kindergarten/PreSchool Education and Teaching, B

Marketing/Marketing Management, B

Mathematics, B

Multi-/Interdisciplinary Studies, B

Philosophy, B

Political Science and Government, B

Psychology, B

Public Administration, B

Religion/Religious Studies, B

Sociology, B

Speech and Rhetorical Studies, B

SUFFOLK UNIVERSITY

Accounting, BMO

Adult and Continuing Education and Teaching, MO

African-American/Black Studies, B

Applied Arts and Design, M

Art/Art Studies, General, A

Biochemistry, B

Biology Technician/BioTechnology Laboratory Technician, B

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

Biomedical Sciences, B

Biomedical Technology/Technician, B

Biophysics, B

Broadcast Journalism, B

Business Administration and Management, B

Business Administration, Management and Operations, MO

Business Teacher Education, B

Chemistry, B

Clinical Laboratory Science/Medical Technology/Technologist, B

Clinical Psychology, D

Commercial and Advertising Art, AB

Communication and Media Studies, M

Computer and Information Sciences, B

Computer Science, BM

Counselor Education/School Counseling and Guidance Services, MO

Criminal Justice/Law Enforcement Administration, AB

Criminology, O

Curriculum and Instruction, O

Developmental and Child Psychology, B

Developmental Psychology, D

Disability Studies, M

Drama and Dramatics/Theatre Arts, B

Economics, BMDO

Education, BMO

Educational Administration and Supervision, MO

Educational Leadership and Administration, O

Electrical, Electronics and Communications Engineering, B

Elementary Education and Teaching, B

English Language and Literature, B

Environmental Biology, B

Environmental Studies, B

Finance, B

Finance and Banking, MO

Foundations and Philosophy of Education, MO

French Language and Literature, B

Health Services Administration, M

History, B

Human Resources Development, MO

Human Resources Management and Services, M

Human Services, B

Humanities/Humanistic Studies, B

Information Science/Studies, B

Interdisciplinary Studies, AB

Interior Design, BM

International Business/Trade/Commerce, MDO

International Economics, B

Journalism, B

Law and Legal Studies, BPO

Legal Assistant/Paralegal, AB

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, B

Management Information Systems and Services, B

Marine Biology and Biological Oceanography, B

Marketing/Marketing Management, B

Mass Communication/Media Studies, B

Mathematics, B

Modern Languages, B

Non-Profit/Public/Organizational Management, M

Philosophy, B

Physics, B

Political Science and Government, BM

Pre-Law Studies, B

Psychology, BD

Public Administration, BMO

Public Policy Analysis, B

Public Relations/Image Management, B

Radiologic Technology/Science - Radiographer, B

Secondary Education and Teaching, BM

Social Sciences, B

Social Work, AB

Sociology, B

Spanish Language and Literature, B

Taxation, M

Women's Studies, B

TUFTS UNIVERSITY

African-American/Black Studies, B

Allopathic Medicine, PO

American/United States Studies/Civilization, B

Analytical Chemistry, MD

Anthropology, B

Archeology, BM

Architectural Engineering, B

Art History, Criticism and Conservation, BM

Asian Studies/Civilization, B

Astronomy, B

Behavioral Sciences, B

Biochemistry, D

Bioengineering, O

Biological and Biomedical Sciences, MDO

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

Biomedical Engineering, MD

Biostatistics, MD

BioTechnology, O

Cell Biology and Anatomy, D

Chemical Engineering, BMD

Chemistry, BMD

Child and Family Studies, MDO

Child Development, B

Chinese Language and Literature, B

Civil Engineering, BMD

Classics and Classical Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics, BM

Clinical Research, MD

Community Health and Preventive Medicine, B

Composition, M

Computer Engineering, B

Computer Science, BMDO

Conflict Resolution and Mediation/Peace Studies, MDO

Dance, MD

Dentistry, PO

Developmental and Child Psychology, B

Developmental Biology and Embryology, D

Developmental Psychology, D

Drama and Dramatics/Theatre Arts, B

Early Childhood Education and Teaching, M

Ecology, B

Economics, BM

Education, MO

Electrical Engineering, MDO

Electrical, Electronics and Communications Engineering, B

Elementary Education and Teaching, BM

Engineering, B

Engineering and Applied Sciences, MD

Engineering Management, M

Engineering Physics, B

Engineering Science, B

English, MD

English Language and Literature, B

Environmental Engineering Technology/Environmental Technology, MD

Environmental Policy and Resource Management, MO

Environmental Studies, BO

Environmental/Environmental Health Engineering, B

Epidemiology, MDO

Ergonomics and Human Factors, M

Ethnomusicology, M

Experimental Psychology, B

Fine Arts and Art Studies, MO

French Language and Literature, BM

Genetics, D

Geological/Geophysical Engineering, B

Geology/Earth Science, B

German Language and Literature, BM

History, BMD

Human-Computer Interaction, O

Immunology, D

Industrial Engineering, B

Inorganic Chemistry, MD

International Affairs, MDO

International and Comparative Education, MDO

International Business/Trade/Commerce, MDO

International Development, MDO

International Public Health/International Health, MDO

International Relations and Affairs, B

Jewish/Judaic Studies, B

Kindergarten/PreSchool Education and Teaching, B

Latin Language and Literature, B

Management Strategy and Policy, O

Manufacturing Engineering, O

Mathematics, BMD

Mechanical Engineering, BMD

Mental Health/Rehabilitation, B

Microbiology, D

Middle School Education, M

Modern Greek Language and Literature, B

Molecular Biology, D

Molecular Physiology, D

Museology/Museum Studies, O

Music, BM

Music History, Literature, and Theory, M

Music Theory and Composition, M

Neuroscience, D

Non-Profit/Public/Organizational Management, O

Nutritional Sciences, MD

Occupational Therapy/Therapist, MDO

Oral and Dental Sciences, MO

Organic Chemistry, MD

Pharmacology, D

Philosophy, BM

Physical Chemistry, MD

Physics, BMD

Political Science and Government, B

Psychology, BMD

Public Administration, O

Public Health, M

Public Health (MPH, DPH), B

Public Policy Analysis, MO

Romance Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics, B

Russian Language and Literature, B

Russian Studies, B

School Psychology, MO

Secondary Education and Teaching, BM

Sociology, B

Southeast Asian Studies, B

Spanish Language and Literature, B

Special Education and Teaching, B

Theater, MD

Urban and Regional Planning, M

Urban Studies/Affairs, BMO

Veterinary Medicine, PO

Veterinary Sciences, MDO

Women's Studies, B

UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST

Accounting, BM

African-American/Black Studies, BMD

Agricultural Economics, MD

Agronomy and Soil Sciences, MD

Animal Sciences, BMD

Anthropology, BMD

Applied Horticulture/Horticultural Business Services, A

Applied Mathematics, M

Art Education, M

Art History, Criticism and Conservation, BM

Astronomy, BMD

Biochemistry, MD

Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, B

Biological and Biomedical Sciences, MD

Biological and Physical Sciences, B

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

BioTechnology, MD

Business Administration and Management, B

Business Administration, Management and Operations, M

Cell Biology and Anatomy, D

Chemical Engineering, BMD

Chemistry, BMD

Chinese Language and Literature, B

Chinese Studies, M

Civil Engineering, BMD

Classics and Classical Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics, BM

Clinical Psychology, MD

Communication and Media Studies, MD

Communication Disorders, BMD

Communication Studies/Speech Communication and Rhetoric, B

Comparative Literature, BMD

Computer Engineering, BMD

Computer Science, BMD

Counselor Education/School Counseling and Guidance Services, MDO

Crop Production, A

Curriculum and Instruction, MDO

Dance, B

Developmental Biology and Embryology, D

Drama and Dramatics/Theatre Arts, B

Early Childhood Education and Teaching, MDO

Economics, BMD

Education, MDO

Educational Administration and Supervision, MDO

Educational Measurement and Evaluation, MDO

Educational Media/Instructional Technology, MDO

Electrical Engineering, MD

Electrical, Electronics and Communications Engineering, B

Elementary Education and Teaching, MDO

Engineering, B

Engineering and Applied Sciences, MD

Engineering Management, M

English, MD

English Language and Literature, B

Entomology, MD

Environmental Biology, MD

Environmental Design/Architecture, B

Environmental Engineering Technology/Environmental Technology, M

Environmental Sciences, B

Equestrian/Equine Studies, A

Evolutionary Biology, MD

Exercise and Sports Science, MD

Finance, B

Fine Arts and Art Studies, M

Fine/Studio Arts, B

Fish, Game and Wildlife Management, MD

Food Science, B

Food Science and Technology, MD

Foreign Language Teacher Education, M

Forestry, BMD

French Language and Literature, BM

General Studies, B

Geography, BM

Geology/Earth Science, B

Geosciences, MD

German Language and Literature, BMD

Higher Education/Higher Education Administration, MDO

History, BMD

History of Science and Technology, M

Hospitality Administration/Management, BM

Human Nutrition, B

Humanities/Humanistic Studies, B

Industrial and Labor Relations, M

Industrial Engineering, B

Industrial/Management Engineering, MD

Interior Design, BM

International and Comparative Education, MDO

Italian Language and Literature, BM

Japanese Language and Literature, B

Japanese Studies, M

Jewish/Judaic Studies, B

Journalism, B

Kinesiology and Exercise Science, B

Landscape Architecture, BMO

Landscaping and Groundskeeping, A

Law and Legal Studies, B

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, B

Linguistics, BMD

Management, MD

Manufacturing Engineering, M

Marine Sciences, M

Marketing/Marketing Management, B

Mathematics, BMD

Mechanical Engineering, BMD

Microbiology, BMD

Molecular Biology, D

Multi-/Interdisciplinary Studies, B

Multilingual and Multicultural Education, MDO

Music, BMD

Music Performance, B

Natural Resources Management/Development and Policy, B

Near and Middle Eastern Studies, B

Neuroscience, MD

Nursing, MDO

Nursing - Registered Nurse Training, B

Nutritional Sciences, M

Operations Research, MD

Ornamental Horticulture, A

Philosophy, BMD

Physical Education Teaching and Coaching, MDO

Physics, BMD

Plant Biology, MD

Plant Molecular Biology, MD

Plant Physiology, MD

Plant Sciences, BMD

Political Science and Government, BMD

Polymer/Plastics Engineering, MD

Portuguese Language and Literature, B

Pre-Dentistry Studies, B

Pre-Medicine/Pre-Medical Studies, B

Pre-Veterinary Studies, B

Psychology, BMD

Public Administration, M

Public Health, MD

Public History, M

Public Policy Analysis, M

Reading Teacher Education, MDO

Russian Studies, B

School Psychology, D

Science Teacher Education/General Science Teacher Education, D

Secondary Education and Teaching, MDO

Social Sciences, B

Sociology, BMD

Spanish Language and Literature, BMD

Special Education and Teaching, MDO

Sport and Fitness Administration/Management, BMD

Statistics, MD

Theater, M

Travel and Tourism, M

Turf and Turfgrass Management, A

Urban and Regional Planning, MDO

Wildlife and Wildlands Science and Management, B

Women's Studies, B

Wood Science and Wood Products/Pulp and Paper Technology, B

Writing, M

UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS BOSTON

African-American/Black Studies, B

American/United States Studies/Civilization, BM

Anthropology, B

Applied Physics, M

Archeology, M

Art/Art Studies, General, B

Biochemistry, B

Biological and Biomedical Sciences, M

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

BioTechnology, M

Business Administration and Management, B

Business Administration, Management and Operations, MO

Cell Biology and Anatomy, D

Chemistry, BM

Classics and Classical Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics, B

Clinical Laboratory Science/Medical Technology/Technologist, B

Clinical Psychology, D

Community Organization and Advocacy, B

Computer Science, BMD

Conflict Resolution and Mediation/Peace Studies, MO

Counseling Psychology, MO

Counselor Education/School Counseling and Guidance Services, MO

Criminal Justice/Safety Studies, B

Curriculum and Instruction, M

Drama and Dramatics/Theatre Arts, B

Economics, B

Education, MDO

Educational Administration and Supervision, MDO

Educational Leadership and Administration, D

Elementary Education and Teaching, M

Engineering Physics, B

English, M

English as a Second Language, M

English Language and Literature, B

Environmental Biology, D

Environmental Sciences, MD

Foreign Language Teacher Education, M

Forensic Psychology, MO

French Language and Literature, B

Geography, B

Geology/Earth Science, B

German Language and Literature, B

Gerontology, BMDO

Health Services Administration, M

Higher Education/Higher Education Administration, D

History, BM

Human Services, BM

Interdisciplinary Studies, B

Italian Language and Literature, B

Labor and Industrial Relations, B

Law and Legal Studies, B

Linguistics, M

Marine Sciences, D

Marriage and Family Therapy/Counseling, MO

Mathematics, B

Molecular Biology, D

Multilingual and Multicultural Education, M

Music, B

Nursing, MDO

Nursing - Registered Nurse Training, B

Philosophy, B

Physical Education Teaching and Coaching, B

Physics, B

Political Science and Government, BO

Psychology, B

Public Affairs, MDO

Public History, M

Public Policy Analysis, BMDO

Rehabilitation Counseling, MO

Russian Language and Literature, B

School Psychology, MO

Secondary Education and Teaching, M

Sociology, BM

Spanish Language and Literature, B

Special Education and Teaching, M

Urban Education and Leadership, D

Women's Studies, BO

UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS DARTMOUTH

Accounting, BO

Art Education, M

Art History, Criticism and Conservation, B

Art Teacher Education, B

Biochemical Engineering, D

Biological and Biomedical Sciences, M

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

BioTechnology, D

Business Administration and Management, B

Business Administration, Management and Operations, MO

Ceramic Arts and Ceramics, B

Chemistry, BM

Civil Engineering, BM

Clinical Laboratory Science/Medical Technology/Technologist, B

Clinical Psychology, M

Commercial and Advertising Art, B

Community Health Nursing, MO

Computer and Information Sciences, B

Computer Engineering, BMDO

Computer Science, MO

Design and Applied Arts, BM

Design and Visual Communications, B

Economics, B

Education, MO

Electrical Engineering, MDO

Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering Technology/Technician, B

Electrical, Electronics and Communications Engineering, B

Engineering and Applied Sciences, MDO

English Language and Literature, B

Fiber, Textile and Weaving Arts, B

Finance, B

Fine Arts and Art Studies, BMO

French Language and Literature, B

History, B

Interdisciplinary Studies, B

Intermedia/Multimedia, B

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, B

Management, O

Management Information Systems and Services, B

Marine Biology and Biological Oceanography, M

Marine Sciences, MD

Marketing/Marketing Management, B

Mathematics, B

Mechanical Engineering, BM

Mechanical Engineering/Mechanical Technology/Technician, B

Metal and Jewelry Arts, B

Music, B

Nursing, B

Nursing - Registered Nurse Training, B

Painting, B

Philosophy, B

Photography, B

Physics, BM

Political Science and Government, B

Portuguese Language and Literature, BM

Printmaking, B

Psychology, BM

Sculpture, B

Sociology, B

Spanish Language and Literature, B

Textile Sciences and Engineering, BM

Writing, M

UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS LOWELL

Allied Health and Medical Assisting Services, MD

American/United States Studies/Civilization, B

Applied Mathematics, BM

Applied Physics, MD

Biochemistry, D

Biological and Biomedical Sciences, MD

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

BioTechnology, M

Business Administration and Management, B

Business Administration, Management and Operations, M

Chemical Engineering, BM

Chemistry, BMD

Civil Engineering, BM

Civil Engineering Technology/Technician, AB

Clinical Laboratory Science/Medical Technology/Technologist, B

Clinical Laboratory Sciences, M

Community Health and Preventive Medicine, B

Community Health Nursing, M

Computational Sciences, D

Computer Engineering, BM

Computer Science, BMD

Criminal Justice/Law Enforcement Administration, B

Criminology, M

Curriculum and Instruction, MO

Economics, BM

Education, MDO

Educational Administration and Supervision, MO

Educational Leadership and Administration, D

Electrical Engineering, MD

Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering Technology/Technician, AB

Electrical, Electronics and Communications Engineering, B

Energy and Power Engineering, MD

Engineering and Applied Sciences, MDO

Engineering/Industrial Management, B

English Language and Literature, B

Environmental Engineering Technology/Environmental Technology, M

Environmental Policy, MD

Environmental Sciences, BMD

Environmental Studies, O

Epidemiology, MD

Ergonomics and Human Factors, MDO

Fine/Studio Arts, B

Foreign Languages and Literatures, B

Gerontological Nursing, M

Health Physics/Radiological Health, MD

Health Promotion, D

Health Services Administration, M

History, B

Industrial and Manufacturing Management, M

Industrial Hygiene, MD

Industrial Technology/Technician, B

Industrial/Management Engineering, MDO

Information Technology, AB

Kinesiology and Exercise Science, B

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, B

Manufacturing Engineering, O

Mathematics, BMD

Mathematics Teacher Education, D

Mechanical Engineering, BMDO

Mechanical Engineering/Mechanical Technology/Technician, AB

Mechanics, D

Music, BM

Music Performance, B

Music Teacher Education, M

Nursing, MD

Nursing - Registered Nurse Training, B

Nursing Administration, D

Occupational Health Nursing, M

Philosophy, B

Physical Therapy/Therapist, M

Physics, BMD

Political Science and Government, B

Polymer/Plastics Engineering, BMD

Psychiatric/Mental Health Nurse/Nursing, M

Psychology, BM

Reading Teacher Education, MDO

Science Teacher Education/General Science Teacher Education, D

Social Psychology, M

Sociology, BM

UNIVERSITY OF PHOENIX-BOSTON CAMPUS

Accounting, M

Business Administration and Management, B

Business Administration, Management and Operations, M

International Business/Trade/Commerce, M

Management Information Systems and Services, BM

Management of Technology, M

System Management, M

UNIVERSITY OF PHOENIX-CENTRAL MASSACHUSETTS CAMPUS

Business Administration and Management, B

Business Administration, Management and Operations, M

E-Commerce/Electronic Commerce, B

Information Technology, B

Management, M

Management of Technology, M

Organizational Management, M

URBAN COLLEGE OF BOSTON

Human Services, A

Kindergarten/PreSchool Education and Teaching, A

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, A

WELLESLEY COLLEGE

African Studies, B

African-American/Black Studies, B

American/United States Studies/Civilization, B

Ancient/Classical Greek Language and Literature, B

Anthropology, B

Archeology, B

Architecture, B

Art History, Criticism and Conservation, B

Astronomy, B

Astrophysics, B

Biochemistry, B

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

Chemistry, B

Chinese Language and Literature, B

Classics and Classical Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics, B

Cognitive Psychology and Psycholinguistics, B

Comparative Literature, B

Computer Science, B

Drama and Dramatics/Theatre Arts, B

East Asian Studies, B

Economics, B

English Language and Literature, B

Environmental Studies, B

Ethnic, Cultural Minority, and Gender Studies, B

Film/Cinema Studies, B

Fine/Studio Arts, B

French Language and Literature, B

Geology/Earth Science, B

German Language and Literature, B

History, B

International Relations and Affairs, B

Islamic Studies, B

Italian Language and Literature, B

Italian Studies, B

Japanese Language and Literature, B

Jewish/Judaic Studies, B

Latin American Studies, B

Latin Language and Literature, B

Linguistics, B

Mathematics, B

Medieval and Renaissance Studies, B

Music, B

Neuroscience, B

Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution, B

Philosophy, B

Physics, B

Political Science and Government, B

Psychology, B

Religion/Religious Studies, B

Russian Language and Literature, B

Russian Studies, B

Sociology, B

Spanish Language and Literature, B

Women's Studies, B

WENTWORTH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Airframe Mechanics and Aircraft Maintenance Technology/Technician, A

Architectural Engineering Technology/Technician, AB

Architecture, B

Avionics Maintenance Technology/Technician, A

Biomedical Technology/Technician, A

Building/Construction Finishing, Management, and Inspection, AB

Business Administration and Management, AB

Civil Engineering Technology/Technician, AB

Computer Engineering Technology/Technician, AB

Computer Science, AB

Construction Engineering Technology/Technician, AB

Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering Technology/Technician, AB

Electrical, Electronics and Communications Engineering, B

Engineering Mechanics, B

Engineering Technology, AB

Environmental Engineering Technology/Environmental Technology, A

Environmental/Environmental Health Engineering, B

Industrial Design, AB

Industrial Technology/Technician, A

Interior Design, AB

Mechanical Engineering/Mechanical Technology/Technician, AB

WESTERN NEW ENGLAND COLLEGE

Accounting, BM

Advertising, B

Applied Economics, B

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

Biomedical/Medical Engineering, B

Business Administration and Management, B

Business Administration, Management and Operations, M

Business/Commerce, B

Chemistry, B

Communication Studies/Speech Communication and Rhetoric, B

Computer Engineering, M

Computer Science, B

Creative Writing, B

Criminal Justice/Law Enforcement Administration, B

Criminology, M

Economics, B

Electrical Engineering, M

Electrical, Electronics and Communications Engineering, B

Elementary Education and Teaching, BM

Engineering and Applied Sciences, M

English Education, M

English Language and Literature, B

Finance, B

History, B

Industrial Engineering, B

Industrial/Management Engineering, M

International Relations and Affairs, B

Law and Legal Studies, MP

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, AB

Management Information Systems and Services, BM

Manufacturing Engineering, M

Marketing, B

Marketing/Marketing Management, B

Mass Communication/Media Studies, B

Mathematics, B

Mathematics Teacher Education, M

Mechanical Engineering, BM

Molecular Biology, B

Philosophy, B

Political Science and Government, B

Psychology, B

Secondary Education and Teaching, B

Social Work, B

Sociology, B

Sport and Fitness Administration/Management, B

WESTFIELD STATE COLLEGE

Accounting, B

Art Teacher Education, B

Art/Art Studies, General, B

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

Business Administration and Management, B

Business Teacher Education, B

City/Urban, Community and Regional Planning, B

Clinical Laboratory Science/Medical Technology/Technologist, B

Clinical Psychology, M

Commercial and Advertising Art, B

Comparative Literature, B

Computer Science, B

Corrections, B

Counseling Psychology, M

Counselor Education/School Counseling and Guidance Services, B

Criminal Justice/Law Enforcement Administration, B

Criminology, M

Early Childhood Education and Teaching, M

Economics, B

Education, BMO

Educational Administration and Supervision, MO

Educational Media/Instructional Technology, M

Elementary Education and Teaching, BM

English, M

English Language and Literature, B

Environmental Biology, B

Finance, B

Geography, B

History, BM

Information Science/Studies, B

Jazz/Jazz Studies, B

Kindergarten/PreSchool Education and Teaching, B

Liberal Arts and Sciences Studies and Humanities, B

Management Information Systems and Services, B

Marketing/Marketing Management, B

Mass Communication/Media Studies, B

Mathematics, B

Middle School Education, M

Music, B

Music History, Literature, and Theory, B

Music Management and Merchandising, B

Music Teacher Education, B

Parks, Recreation, Leisure and Fitness Studies, B

Physical Education Teaching and Coaching, BM

Physical Sciences, B

Political Science and Government, B

Pre-Law Studies, B

Pre-Medicine/Pre-Medical Studies, B

Psychology, B

Radio and Television, B

Reading Teacher Education, BM

Science Teacher Education/General Science Teacher Education, B

Secondary Education and Teaching, BM

Social Sciences, B

Sociology, B

Special Education and Teaching, BM

Vocational and Technical Education, M

Voice and Opera, B

WHEATON COLLEGE

American/United States Studies/Civilization, B

Ancient Studies/Civilization, B

Anthropology, B

Art History, Criticism and Conservation, B

Asian Studies/Civilization, B

Astronomy, B

Biochemistry, B

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

Chemistry, B

Classics and Classical Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics, B

Comparative Literature, B

Computer Science, B

Drama and Dramatics/Theatre Arts, B

Economics, B

English Language and Literature, B

Environmental Studies, B

Fine/Studio Arts, B

French Language and Literature, B

German Language and Literature, B

German Studies, B

Hispanic-American, Puerto Rican, and Mexican-American/Chicano Studies, B

History, B

Interdisciplinary Studies, B

International Relations and Affairs, B

Mathematics, B

Music, B

Philosophy, B

Physics, B

Physiological Psychology/Psychobiology, B

Political Science and Government, B

Pre-Medicine/Pre-Medical Studies, B

Psychology, B

Religion/Religious Studies, B

Russian Language and Literature, B

Russian Studies, B

Sociology, B

Women's Studies, B

WHEELOCK COLLEGE

Child and Family Studies, M

Child Development, B

Early Childhood Education and Teaching, AM

Education, BM

Educational Leadership and Administration, M

Elementary Education and Teaching, BM

Human Development, M

Human Development and Family Studies, B

Kindergarten/PreSchool Education and Teaching, B

Reading Teacher Education, M

Social Work, BM

Special Education and Teaching, BM

WILLIAMS COLLEGE

American/United States Studies/Civilization, B

Anthropology, B

Art History, Criticism and Conservation, BM

Asian Studies/Civilization, B

Astronomy, B

Astrophysics, B

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

Chemistry, B

Chinese Language and Literature, B

Classics and Classical Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics, B

Comparative Literature, B

Computer Science, B

Drama and Dramatics/Theatre Arts, B

Economics, B

English Language and Literature, B

Ethnic, Cultural Minority, and Gender Studies, B

Fine/Studio Arts, B

French Language and Literature, B

Geology/Earth Science, B

German Language and Literature, B

History, B

Japanese Language and Literature, B

Mathematics, B

Music, B

Philosophy, B

Physics, B

Political Science and Government, B

Psychology, B

Religion/Religious Studies, B

Russian Language and Literature, B

Sociology, B

Spanish Language and Literature, B

Women's Studies, B

WORCESTER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE

Actuarial Science, B

Aerospace, Aeronautical and Astronautical Engineering, B

Animal Genetics, B

Applied Mathematics, BM

Biochemistry, BMD

Biological and Biomedical Sciences, MDO

Biology Technician/BioTechnology Laboratory Technician, B

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

Biomedical Engineering, MDO

Biomedical Sciences, B

Biomedical/Medical Engineering, B

BioTechnology, MDO

Business Administration and Management, B

Business Administration, Management and Operations, MO

Cell/Cellular Biology and Histology, B

Chemical Engineering, BMD

Chemistry, BMD

Civil Engineering, BMDO

Computer and Information Sciences, B

Computer Engineering, BMDO

Computer Science, BMDO

Economics, B

Electrical Engineering, MDO

Electrical, Electronics and Communications Engineering, B

Engineering, B

Engineering and Applied Sciences, MDO

Engineering Mechanics, B

Engineering Physics, B

Engineering/Industrial Management, B

Environmental Engineering Technology/Environmental Technology, MDO

Environmental Studies, B

Environmental/Environmental Health Engineering, B

Fire Protection Engineering, MDO

Fluid and Thermal Sciences, B

History, B

History and Philosophy of Science and Technology, B

Humanities/Humanistic Studies, B

Industrial Engineering, B

Information Science/Studies, B

Interdisciplinary Studies, BMD

Management, MO

Management Information Systems and Services, BM

Manufacturing Engineering, MDO

Marketing, M

Materials Engineering, BMDO

Materials Sciences, BMDO

Mathematics, BMDO

Mechanical Engineering, BMDO

Medical Microbiology and Bacteriology, B

Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, B

Molecular Biology, B

Music, B

Nuclear Engineering, B

Organizational Management, M

Philosophy, B

Physical Sciences, B

Physics, BMD

Science, Technology and Society, B

Social Sciences, B

Statistics, M

WORCESTER STATE COLLEGE

Accounting, M

Biological and Physical Sciences, B

Biology/Biological Sciences, B

BioTechnology, BM

Business Administration and Management, B

Chemistry, B

Communication Disorders, BM

Community Health Nursing, M

Computer and Information Sciences, B

Criminal Justice/Safety Studies, B

Economics, B

Education, M

Educational Administration and Supervision, M

Elementary Education and Teaching, BM

English Education, M

English Language and Literature, B

Foreign Language Teacher Education, M

Geography, B

Health Education, M

Health Professions and Related Clinical Sciences, B

Health Services Administration, M

History, B

Kindergarten/PreSchool Education and Teaching, B

Management, M

Mass Communication/Media Studies, B

Mathematics, B

Middle School Education, M

Non-Profit/Public/Organizational Management, M

Nursing - Registered Nurse Training, B

Occupational Therapy/Therapist, BM

Organizational Management, M

Psychology, B

Reading Teacher Education, M

Secondary Education and Teaching, M

Social Studies Teacher Education, M

Sociology, B

Spanish Language and Literature, B

Special Education and Teaching, M

Urban Studies/Affairs, B

College Blue Book

Massachusetts

views updated May 18 2018

MASSACHUSETTS

STATE EDUCATION OFFICE

Keith Westrich, Assistant Director
Office of School to Career
State Dept. of Education
350 Main St., 3rd Fl.
Malden, MA 02148-5023
(781)388-3920

STATE REGULATORY INFORMATION

On November 1, 1941, the law governing the licensing of private trade schools in Massachusetts became effective. The law was amended in 1955 and provides that no person shall operate and maintain a private trade school unless he is licensed to do so by the Commissioner of Education. The term "Private Trade School" means a school maintained or classes conducted for the purpose of teaching any trade or industrial occupation for a tuition charge. It does not include private business schools, schools or colleges regularly chartered and authorized by the Commonwealth to grant degrees, endowed schools which offer courses without profit, schools exclusively engaged in training physically handicapped persons, or any schools conducted by one person or corporation for the education and training of their own employees.
The license is valid for one year from the date of issuance and is renewable annually. The law requires the school to advertise under its registered name only, and shall not imply that the school is supervised, recommended, endorsed, accredited, or approved by the State Department of Education.
Business: The law that governs the licensing of private business schools is under chapter 75D. The law was amended by Section 1 of chapter 1096 of the Acts of 1971 and amended again in Chapter 674 of the Acts of 1974. It includes schools for medical, dental, and nursing assistants, and tractor-trailer operators. It does not include private business schools, schools or colleges regularly chartered and authorized by the Commonwealth to grant degrees, and endowed schools.
Correspondence: Chapter 652, Acts of 1963, inserts Chapter 75C in the General Laws - Private Correspondence Schools. It provides for licensing of correspondence schools having a place of business in the Commonwealth. Correspondence schools from out-of-state must register with the Commonwealth.
Agents or representatives of any correspondence school doing business in the Commonwealth must be interviewed, licensed, and must provide a surety bond.
All of the above types of schools are required to file with the Department of Education a list of courses advertised and a list of tuition charges for each separate course. As established courses are discontinued, notice of the fact with the effective date, must be given to the Department within ten days of each planned discontinuance.
Advertising media must be reviewed by the Department of Education before being used. All private schools advertising must include the notation, Licensed by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts - Department of Education.
Each school is required to file with the Department of Education a statement giving training and experience of each member of the teaching staff, including both full-time and part-time teachers. All instructors employed must be competent in a subject, course, or trade. Changes in personnel must be brought to the attention of the Department of Education for acceptance.
Private school curriculum must be provided to the Department of Education, Office of Private Schools.
All private school facilities must meet local building and fire inspection codes and the requirements of Chapters 93 and 75D of the General Laws of the Commonwealth for schools.
Standard tuition rates shall be published in the school literature, and no deviations from the rate other than for cash payment in advance is permissible. Notification of change in tuition rate must be given 30 days in advance to the Department of Education. Schools using a retail installment contract must have it approved by the Banking Commissioner of Massachusetts and by the Department of Education.
Each school operating in the State shall file with the application for licensing statement of its financial condition on a form acceptable to the Department of Education and the Office of the State Auditor.
Listed business schools and resident licensed correspondence schools must provide a surety bond.

AGAWAM

Harris Real Estate School (Agawam)

Carlson-GMAC, 723 Main St., No. 1, Agawam, MA 01001. Other. Contact: Kathy Wilson, (413)786-7982, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

AMHERST

Harris Real Estate School (Amherst)

Jones Town & Country Realty, 200 Triangle St., Amherst, MA 01002. Other. Contact: Linda Rotti, (413)549-3700, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

Harris Real Estate School (Amherst)

Homesgroup Real Estate, 479 West St., No. 4, Amherst, MA 01002. Other. (413)253-7900, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

Skills Career Education Center

150 Fearing St., Amherst, MA 01002. Business. Founded 1974. Contact: Lawrence Giambrone, (413)549-2686, E-mail: skillsamherst@verizon.net. Private. Coed. HS diploma not required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Varies with Program. Tuition: Varies. Enrollment: Total 200. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Accounting, Automated; Bookkeeping; Computer Operations; Desktop Publishing; Legal Transcriber; Medical Transcription

Stockbridge School of Agriculture

University of Massachusetts, 115 Stockbridge, Amherst, MA 01003. Two-Year College. Founded 1918. Contact: Kathy Conway, Admissions, (413)545-2222, (413)545-5450, E-mail: kmconway@nre.umass.edu, stockbridgeschool@nre.umass.edu, Web Site: http://www.umass.edu/stockbridge. Public. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing available. Term: Semester. Tuition: $1,714 per year in-state; $9,937 per year out-of-state; $5,748 room & board. Enrollment: Total 300. Degrees awarded: Associate. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Agriculture - Production (2 Yr); Agriculture - Production, Fruit (2 Yr); Horse Management (2 Yr); Horticulture (2 Yr); Landscaping (2 Yr); Park & Turf Management (2 Yr); Urban Forestry (2 Yr)

ANDOVER

Greater Lawrence Technical School

57 River Rd., Andover, MA 01810. Trade and Technical. Founded 1965. Contact: David Bodenrader, Director of Pupil Personnel, (978)686-0194, E-mail: dbodenrader@glts.tec.ma.us, guidance@glts.tec.ma.us, Web Site: http://www.glts.tec.ma.us. Public. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students not accepted. Housing not available. Term: Quarter. Enrollment: men 745, women 659. Degrees awarded: Certificate, Diploma. Accreditation: WASC; NEASC. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Auto Mechanics; Building Construction Technology; Carpentry; Cosmetology; Culinary Arts; Data Processing; Drafting Technology; Electronics, Industrial; Electronics Technology; Food Processing Technology; Graphic Arts; Health Care & Management; Marketing; Metal Trades Technology; Plumbing

Harris Real Estate School (Andover)

ERA-Home & Family, 28 Chestnut St., No. 4, Andover, MA 01810. Other. (978)470-1999, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.erahomeandfamily.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

ARLINGTON

Harris Real Estate School (Arlington)

American Hallmark Realtors, 344 Mass Ave., Arlington, MA 02474. Other. (781)648-8680, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

BEDFORD

Middlesex Community College

591 Springs Rd., Bedford, MA 01730-1197. Two-Year College. Founded 1970. Contact: Diane Parcella, Admissions Recruiting, (978)656-3207, 800-818-3434, E-mail: parcellad@middlesex.mass.edu, middlesex@middlesex. mass.edu, Web Site: http://www.middlesex.mass.edu. Public. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Term: Semester. Tuition: $77 per credit hour. Enrollment: men 2,513, women 4,035. Degrees awarded: Certificate, Associate. Accreditation: ADA; JRCERT; NAACLS; NLNAC. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Accounting, General (2 Yr); Automotive Technology (2 Yr); Aviation Maintenance Technology (2 Yr); Banking (1 Yr); Bookkeeping (1 Yr); Business Administration (2 Yr); Business Technology (2 Yr); Commercial Art (2 Yr); Communications Technology (2 Yr); Computer Aided Design (2 Yr); Computer Applications (1 Yr); Computer Networking (1 Yr); Computer Science (2 Yr); Criminal Justice (2 Yr); Dental Assisting (2 Yr); Dental Hygiene (2 Yr); Dental Laboratory Technology (2 Yr); Drug & Alcohol Counseling (1 Yr); Early Childhood Education (1 Yr); Electronics Technology (1 Yr); Engineering (2 Yr); Fashion Merchandising (2 Yr); Fine Arts (2 Yr); Fire Protection Technology (2 Yr); Graphic Design (2 Yr); Health Occupations (1 Yr); Hospitality (2 Yr); Marketing & Sales (1 Yr); Medical Assistant (1 Yr); Medical Laboratory Assistant (1 Yr); Medical Laboratory Technology (2 Yr); Medical Technology - Cardiology (1 Yr); Mental Health Technology (2 Yr); Nurses Aide (1 Yr); Nursing, R.N. (2 Yr); Office Management (2 Yr); Office Technology (1 Yr); Paralegal (1 Yr); Radiologic Technology (2 Yr); Small Business Management (1 Yr); Telecommunications Technology (2 Yr); Theatre Arts (2 Yr); Travel & Transportation Management (1 Yr)

WyoTech

150 Hanscom Dr., Bedford, MA 01730. Trade and Technical. Founded 1932. Contact: John Buck, (781)274-8448, 888-577-7559, Fax: (781)274-8490, Web Site: http://www.wyotech.com. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing available. Term: Other. Tuition: $26,500 per year. Enrollment: Total 368. Degrees awarded: Associate, Diploma. Accreditation: ACCSCT. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Aeronautics (9-24 Mo); Auto Body & Fender Repair (9-24 Mo); Automation Technology (9-24 Mo); Diesel Technology (9-24 Mo); Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning (9-24 Mo); Motorcycle Repair (9-24 Mo)

BELCHERTOWN

Harris Real Estate School (Belchertown)

Bay Path Realty, 10 So. Main St., Belchertown, MA 01007. Other. Contact: Janice Jones, (413)323-7295, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

BOSTON

Art Institute of Boston at Lesley University

700 Beacon St., Boston, MA 02215. Art, Trade and Technical. Founded 1912. Contact: Angelo Fertita, (617)585-6600, 800-773-0494, Fax: (617)437-1226, E-mail: admissions@aiboston.edu, Web Site: http://www.aiboston.edu; Web Site: http://www.artinstitutes.edu/getinfo.asp. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing available. Term: Semester. Tuition: $19,600, plus additional fees; part-time $825/credit. Enrollment: Total 565. Degrees awarded: Certificate, Diploma. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Cartooning; Ceramics; Fine Arts; Graphic Design; Illustration; Painting; Photography; Sculpture

Barbizon Schools of Modeling and Fashion Careers

607 Boylston St., 3rd Fl., Boston, MA 02116. Other. Founded 1969. Contact: M. Wasserman, (617)266-6980, 800-223-4613, E-mail: boston@barbizonmodeling.com, Web Site: http://www.barbizonmodelingandacting.com/. Private. Coed. HS diploma not required. Out-of-state students not accepted. Housing not available. Term: Varies with Program. Tuition: Varies. Enrollment: men 200, women 800. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities not available. Curriculum: Modeling, Professional (22 Wk)

Bay State College - Boston

122 Commonwealth Ave., Boston, MA 02116. Two-Year College. Founded 1946. Contact: Pamela DellaPorta, Dir. of Admissions, (617)236-8000, 800-815-3276, E-mail: pdellaporta@baystate.edu, admissions@baystate.edu, Web Site: http://www.baystate.edu; Dr. Kathleen Lynch, VP Enrollment Management, E-mail: klynch@baystate.edu. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing available. Term: Semester. Tuition: $15,900/yr.; $9,825 room and board. Enrollment: Total 773. Degrees awarded: Associate. Accreditation: NEASC. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Curriculum: Accounting, General (2 Yr); Business Administration (2 Yr); Fashion Merchandising (2 Yr); Food Service & Management (2 Yr); Hospitality; Medical Assistant (2 Yr); Secretarial, Executive (2 Yr); Secretarial, Legal (2 Yr); Secretarial, Medical (2 Yr); Travel & Tourism

Benjamin Franklin Institute of Technology

41 Berkeley St., Boston, MA 02116. Two-Year College, Trade and Technical. Founded 1908. Contact: Norman Kraft, Dean of Enrollment Management, (617)423-4630, Fax: (617)482-3706, E-mail: admis@bfit.edu, Web Site: http://www.bfit.edu; Andrea Dawes, Assistant Director of Admissions. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing available. Term: Semester. Tuition: $12,750 associate degree programs; $13,700 Bachelor Auto Tech Management; $9,950 Pharmacy Technology, Marine Technology. Enrollment: Total 388. Degrees awarded: Certificate, Associate, Diploma. Accreditation: NEASC. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Architectural Technology (2 Yr); Automotive Technology (4 Yr); Computer Applications (1 Yr); Computer Networking (1 Yr); Computer Support Technology (1 Yr); Computer Technology (2 Yr); Electrical Engineering Technology (2 Yr); Electricity, Apprenticeship (1 Yr); Electronic Engineering Technology (2 Yr); Electronic Engineering Technology, Medical (2 Yr); Engineering Technology, Computer (2 Yr); Engineering Technology, Electronic (2 Yr); Engineering Technology, Mechanical (2 Yr); Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning (28 Credits); Marine Technology (20 Credits); Medical Record Technology (1 Yr); Medical Technology (2 Yr); Office Technology (1 Yr); Pharmacy Technician (1 Yr)

Blaine The School - Boston

30 West St., Downtown Crossing, Boston, MA 02111. Cosmetology, Trade and Technical. Founded 1984. Contact: Henri R. Blaine, President, (617)266-2661, 800-627-6544, E-mail: apply@blainebeautyschools.com, Web Site: http://www.blainebeautyschools.com. Private. Coed. HS diploma not required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing available. Term: Hour. Tuition: $10,400. Enrollment: men 11, women 265. Degrees awarded: Associate, Certificate. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Cosmetology (1000-1500H)

Boston Bartenders School of America (Boston)

437 Boylston St., Boston, MA 02116. Trade and Technical. Founded 1972. Contact: F. Justin Cuddemi, 800-357-3210, E-mail: bbsboston@bostonbartender.com, Web Site: http://www.bostonbartender.com. Private. Coed. HS diploma not required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Varies with Program. Tuition: $495. Enrollment: Total 12. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Bartending (35 Hr)

Boston University School of Medicine & Northeastern University

715 Albany St., L, Boston, MA 02118. Allied Medical. Contact: Dr. Robert Witzburg, Assoc. Dean of Admissions, (617)638-4360, Fax: (617)638-4718, E-mail: bobwitz@bu.edu, medadms@bu.edu, Web Site: http://www.bumc.bu.edu. Public. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing available. Term: Varies with Program. Tuition: $39,510 plus $450 fees. Degrees awarded: Diploma, Associate. Accreditation: NEASC. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Curriculum: Nursing, Practical (10 Mo); Radiologic Technology (29 Mo)

Bunker Hill Community College

250 New Rutherford Ave., Boston, MA 02129-2925. Two-Year College. Founded 1973. Contact: Debra A. Boyer, Registrar, (617)228-2422, (617)228-3398, E-mail: admissions@bhcc.mass.edu, Web Site: http://www.bhcc.mass.edu. Public. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Term: Semester. Tuition: $100/credit ($24 tuition/$71 fees) MA resident; $112/credit New England resident; $306/credit non-resident. Enrollment: Total 2,581. Degrees awarded: Associate. Accreditation: NLNAC; CAAHEP; JRCERT; NEASC. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Art; Business Administration (2 Yr); Computer Programming (2 Yr); Criminal Justice (2 Yr); Culinary Arts; Drama - Theatre; Electronics Technology; English As A Second Language; Fine Arts; Fire Science (2 Yr); Graphic Arts (2 Yr); Hotel & Restaurant Management (2 Yr); Human Services; Media Technology; Music; Nuclear Medical Technology (2 Yr); Nursing, Vocational (2 Yr); Office, General (2 Yr); Radiologic Technology; Secretarial, Legal; Small Business Management; Social Services Aide (2 Yr); Theatre Arts; Word Processing

Butera School of Art

111 Beacon St, Boston, MA 02116. Art. Founded 1910. Contact: Joseph Butera, (617)536-4623, Fax: (617)262-0353, E-mail: jbutera@buteraschool.com, Web Site: http://www.buteraschool.com. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing available. Term: Semester. Tuition: $14,750 plus $1,200 books and supplies. Enrollment: Total 56. Degrees awarded: Diploma. Accreditation: ACCSCT. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities not available. Curriculum: Commercial Art (3 Yr); Painting, Sign (2 Yr)

Empire Beauty School (Boston)

867 Boylston St, Boston, MA 02116. Cosmetology.800-223-3271, Web Site: http://www.empire.edu. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Tuition: $11,500. Enrollment: Total 114. Degrees awarded: Diploma. Accreditation: NACCAS. Financial aid available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Cosmetology; Cosmetology Instructor; Manicurist

Fisher College

118 Beacon St., Boston, MA 02116. Two-Year College. Founded 1903. Contact: Robert Melaragni, Admissions Dir., (617)236-8818, (866)266-6007, Fax: (617)236-5473, E-mail: rmelaragni@fisher.edu, admissions@fisher.edu, Web Site: http://www.fisher.edu. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing available. Term: Semester. Tuition: $16,775; $10,475 room & board (annual). Enrollment: Total 525. Degrees awarded: Certificate, Associate. Accreditation: APTA; NEASC. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Accounting, General (2 Yr); Administrative Assistant (2 Yr); Business Administration (2 Yr); Computer Applications (2 Yr); Computer Technology (2 Yr); Criminal Justice (2 Yr); Early Childhood Education (2 Yr); Fashion Design & Illustration (2 Yr); Fashion Merchandising (2 Yr); Health Information Technology (2 Yr); Hospitality (2 Yr); Management (4 Yr); Medical Assistant (2 Yr); Paralegal (2 Yr); Physical Therapy Aide (2 Yr); Travel & Tourism (2 Yr)

Gibbs College (Boston)

126 Newbury St., Boston, MA 02116-2907. Business. Founded 1917. Contact: Amy Watson, Dir. of Admissions, (617)578-7100, 800-761-8304, Web Site: http://www.gibbsboston.edu. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing available. Term: Quarter. Tuition: $28,900. Enrollment: Total 1,020. Degrees awarded: Certificate, Associate, Diploma. Accreditation: ACICS. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Accounting, General (2 Yr); Business Administration (2 Yr); Computer Networking (2 Yr); Computer Repair (1 Yr); Executive Assistant (1 Yr); Hospitality (2 Yr); Legal Assistant (1 Yr); Secretarial, Legal (2 Yr); Secretarial, Medical (2 Yr); Secretarial, Technical (2 Yr); Visual Communications (2 Yr)

Laboure College

2120 Dorchester Ave., Boston, MA 02124. Allied Medical. Founded 1971. Contact: Gina Morrissette, Dir. of Admissions, (617)296-8300, Fax: (617)296-7947, E-mail: gina_morrissette@laboure.edu, admit@laboure.edu, Web Site: http://labourecollege.org. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Semester. Tuition: $410 per credit hour. Enrollment: Total 82. Degrees awarded: Certificate, Associate. Accreditation: CAAHEP; NLNAC; NEASC. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service not available. Handicapped facilities not available. Curriculum: Dietetic Technology (2 Yr); Medical Laboratory Technology (2 Yr); Medical Record Technology (2 Yr); Nursing, R.N. (2 Yr); Radiation Therapy Technology (2 Yr)

Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences

179 Longwood Ave., Boston, MA 02115-5896. Allied Medical. Founded 1979. Contact: Dr. Julie Donlon, Dir. of Operations for Admissions, (617)732-2850, Fax: (617)732-2118, E-mail: jdonlon@mcp.edu, admissions@bos.mcphs.edu, Web Site: http://www.mcphs.edu. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing available. Term: Semester. Tuition: $487 per credit hour. Enrollment: Total 2,587. Degrees awarded: Certificate, Associate, Diploma. Accreditation: CAAHEP; JRCERT; JRCNMT; NEASC; ADA; ACPE; ARCEPA. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Nuclear Medical Technology (36 Mo); Radiation Therapy Technology (38 Mo); Radiologic Technology (36 Mo)

Massachusetts School of Survey

The Engineering Center, One Walnut St., Boston, MA 02108-3616. Correspondence. Founded 1965. Contact: Corrie Boyce, (617)227-5551, Fax: (617)227-6783, E-mail: malsce@engineers.org, Web Site: http://www.malsce.org/malsce_school.html. Private. Coed. HS diploma not required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Varies with Program. Tuition: Varies with program. Enrollment: Total 200. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Handicapped facilities not available. Curriculum: Surveying

New England College of Finance

10 High St., Ste. 204, Boston, MA 02110. Business. Contact: Robert Regan, Chief executive officer, (617)951-2350, Fax: (617)951-2533, E-mail: info@finance.edu, Web Site: http://www.finance.edu. Coed. Tuition: in-state; out-of-state.

New England School of Photography

537 Commonwealth Ave., Boston, MA 02215. Trade and Technical. Founded 1968. Contact: Anthony Sahadeo, Dir. of Admissions, (617)437-1868, 800-676-3767, E-mail: info@nesop.com, admissions@nesop.com, Web Site: http://www.nesop.com; David Katz, Recruitment Coordinator. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available.Term: Varies with Program. Tuition: $14,000 first year. Enrollment: Total 150. Degrees awarded: Diploma. Accreditation: ACCSCT. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Photography (18 Mo)

Rittner's Floral School

345 Marlborough St., Boston, MA 02115. Trade and Technical. Founded 1945. Contact: Dr. Steve Rittner, Dir., (617)267-3824, E-mail: stevrt@tiac.net, Web Site: http://www.floralschool.com. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing available. Term: Varies with Program. Tuition: Varies. Degrees awarded: Diploma. Financial aid not available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities not available. Curriculum: Floriculture (12 Hr); Floristry (75 Hr)

School of Fashion Design

136 Newbury St., Boston, MA 02116. Trade and Technical. Founded 1934. Contact: James Hannon, Dir., (617)536-9343, E-mail: sfdboston@aol.com, Web Site: http://www.schooloffashiondesign.org. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Semester. Tuition: $10,800 per yr. (2 semesters/5 classes ea. semester), $1,080 per course. Enrollment: men 5, women 103. Degrees awarded: Certificate, Diploma. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid not available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities not available. Curriculum: Fashion Careers (1 Yr - 3 Y); Fashion Design & Illustration

School of the Museum of Fine Arts

230 The Fenway, Boston, MA 02115. Art. Founded 1876. Contact: Susan Clain, Dean of Admissions, (617)267-6100, 800-591-1474, Fax: (617)424-6271, E-mail: sclain@smfa.edu, admissions@smfa.edu, Web Site: http://www.smfa.edu. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing available. Term: Semester. Tuition: Varies per credit. Enrollment: Total 1,580. Degrees awarded: Certificate, Diploma. Accreditation: NASAD. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Ceramics; Drawing; Fine Arts; Graphic Design; Motion Pictures; Painting; Photography; Sculpture; Video Production

BRIGHTON

Bryman Institute (Brighton)

1505 Commonwealth Ave., Brighton, MA 02135. Allied Medical, Trade and Technical. Founded 2000.(617)783-9955, 888-741-4271, Fax: (617)783-1166, Web Site: http://bryman-institute.com/about.php?schoolLocation=Brighton. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Tuition: $10,900; $550 books and supplies. Enrollment: men 78, women 906. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Accreditation: ACCSCT. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Dental Assisting (720 Hr); Massage Therapy (720 Hr); Medical Administrative Assistant (648 Hr); Medical Assistant (720 Hr)

BROCKTON

Brockton Hospital

680 Centre St., Brockton, MA 02302. Allied Medical. Contact: Chares E. Taylor, (508)941-7150, (508)941-7044, Web Site: http://www.brocktonhospital.org. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Degrees awarded: Associate. Curriculum: Radiologic Technology

Brockton Hospital School of Nursing

680 Centre St., Brockton, MA 02302-1905. Nursing. Founded 1897. Contact: Carol Bortman, Dean, (508)941-7040, (508)941-7044, Web Site: http://wwwbrocktonhospital.org. Private. Coed. Housing not available. Term: Varies with Program. Tuition: $15,828 plus $1,050 books and supplies. Enrollment: Total 305. Degrees awarded: Associate. Accreditation: NLNAC. Financial aid available. Curriculum: Nursing (1864 Hr)

Harris Real Estate School (Brockton)

Premier Properties-GMAC, 605 Belmont St., Brockton, MA 02302. Other. (508)580-1230, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

LaBaron Hairdressing Academy (Brockton)

240 Liberty St., Brockton, MA 02301. Cosmetology. Founded 1959. Contact: Brenda Arinella, (508)583-1700, Fax: (508)583-1774, E-mail: labaronbr@att.net, Web Site: http://www.labarononline.com. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Varies with Program. Tuition: $6,900; Manicuring $800. Enrollment: men 1, women 45. Degrees awarded: Diploma. Accreditation: NACCAS. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Cosmetology (1000 Hr); Manicurist (100 Hr)

Massasoit Community College (Brockton)

One Massasoit Blvd., Brockton, MA 02302. Two-Year College. Founded 1966. Contact: Charles Wall, Pres., (508)588-9100, 800-CAR-EERS, E-mail: admoffice@massasoit.mass.edu, Web Site: http://www.massasoit.mass.edu. Public. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Semester. Tuition: $24 per credit, fees $81/credit hour. Enrollment: Total 3,221. Degrees awarded: Associate. Accreditation: JRCRTE; ADA; CAAHEP; NAACLS; NLNAC; NEASC. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Accounting, General (2 Yr); Air Conditioning, Heating & Refrigeration (2 Yr); Architectural Technology (2 Yr); Art (2 Yr); Business Education (2 Yr); Child Care & Guidance (2 Yr); Computer Information Science (2 Yr); Criminal Justice (2 Yr); Culinary Arts (2 Yr); Dental Assisting (1 Yr); Diesel Technology (2 Yr); Electronic Engineering Technology (2 Yr); Fashion Merchandising (1 Yr); Fine Arts (2 Yr); Fire Science (2 Yr); Graphic Design (2 Yr); Human Services (2 Yr); Medical Assistant (1 Yr); Medical Technology - Phlebotomy (1 Sm); Nursing, Vocational (2 Yr); Office Administration (2 Yr); Office Technology (2 Sm); Photography (1 Yr); Radiologic Technology (2 Yr); Respiratory Therapy (2 Yr); Travel & Tourism (2 Yr)

Old Colony Trade & Technical School

244 Liberty St., PO Box 472, Brockton, MA 02303. Trade and Technical. Founded 1954. Contact: Brian Moore, Pres., (508)583-2008, Fax: (508)583-5320, E-mail: info@octts.com, Web Site: http://octts.com. Public. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Varies with Program. Tuition: $2,250-$6,750; costs vary per program. Enrollment: Total 250. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Air Conditioning; Heating Technology; Oil Heat Technology; Plumbing; Refrigeration Technology

Professional School of Bartending (Brockton)

660 N. Main St., Brockton, MA 02301. Trade and Technical. Founded 1977. Contact: E. Wolf Girard, (508)588-8204, 800-206-8037, E-mail: info@professionalschoolofbartending.com, Web Site: http://professionalschoolofbartending.com. Private. Coed. HS diploma not required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Week. Tuition: $399 including books and certificate. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities not available. Curriculum: Bartending (35 Hr)

Sullivan & Cogliano Training Centers

365 Westgate Dr., Brockton, MA 02301. Trade and Technical. Founded 1993. Contact: Sheila Chapman, VP, (508)584-9909, 888-872-4677, E-mail: sheila.chapman@sullcog.com, learnpc@sctrain.com, Web Site: http://www.sullivancogliano.com/. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Varies with Program. Tuition: $195-$10,995. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Accounting, Automated; Computer Graphics; Computer Operations; Data Processing; Desktop Publishing

BROOKLINE

Harris Real Estate School (Brookline)

Coldwell-Banker, 1375 Beacon St., Brookline, MA 02446-4808. Other. (617)731-2447, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

New England Institute of Art

10 Brookline Place West, Brookline, MA 02445. Art, Two-Year College. Contact: Ken Post, VP, Dir. of Admissions, (617)739-1700, 800-903-4425, E-mail: kpost@aii.edu, Web Site: http://www.artinstitutes.edu/boston/; Bill Abate, Asst. Dir. of Admissions, E-mail: babbate@aii.edu, Web Site: http://www.artinstitutes.edu/boston/admissions_requestinfo.asp. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing available. Term: Quarter. Tuition: $17,850; $1,000 books and supplies. Enrollment: Total 1,149. Degrees awarded: Associate. Accreditation: NEASC. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Audio Technology (4 Sm); Graphic Arts (4-8 Sm); Media Arts (4-8 Sm); Photography (4 Sm)

CAMBRIDGE

Cambridge School of Culinary Arts

2020 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA 02140. Trade and Technical. Founded 1974. Contact: Roberta L. Dowling, Exec.Dir, (617)354-2020, Fax: (617)576-1963, E-mail: roberta@cambridgeculinary.com, info@cambridgeculinary.com, Web Site: http://www.cambridgeculinary.com; Julie Burba, Dir. of Communications, E-mail: jburba@cambridgeculinary.com. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Quarter. Tuition: Up to $22,740. Enrollment: men 60, women 80. Degrees awarded: Diploma, Certificate. Accreditation: ACCSCT. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid not available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Culinary Arts (285 Hr); Food Preparation & Service (726 Hr)

Mount Auburn Hospital

330 Mt. Auburn St., Cambridge, MA 02138. Allied Medical.(617)492-3500, Web Site: http://www.mountauburn.caregroup.org. Public. Coed. HS diploma required. Enrollment: Total 20. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Accreditation: CAAHEP. Approved: Vet. Admin. Curriculum: Radiologic Technology (24 Mo)

CANTON

Bay State School of Technology

225 Turnpike St., Rte. 138, Canton, MA 02021. Trade and Technical. Founded 1982.(781)828-3434, 888-828-3434, Fax: (617)575-0089, E-mail: admin@baystatetech.com, Web Site: http://baystatetech.com. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Varies with Program. Tuition: Varies. Enrollment: men 220, women 10. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Accreditation: ACCSCT. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Air Conditioning & Refrigeration (30 Wk); Appliance Repair (15 Wk); Computer Repair (48 Wk); Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning

Blue Hills Regional Technical School

800 Randolph St., Canton, MA 02021. Trade and Technical. Founded 1966. Contact: Joseph A. Ciccolo, Dir./Principal, (781)828-5800, E-mail: bluehills@bluehills.org, Web Site: http://www.bluehills.org. Public. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Year. Tuition: None for high school; $4,000-$7,500 for post-high-school programs. Enrollment: Total 853. Degrees awarded: Certificate, Diploma. Accreditation: NAEYC; NEASC. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Air Conditioning & Heating; Art, Advertising - Commercial; Auto Body Design; Auto Mechanics; Child Care & Guidance; Computer Technology; Construction Technology; Cosmetology; Culinary Arts; Drafting Technology; Electrical Technology; Electronics Technology; Graphic Arts; Health Occupations; Metal Trades Technology; Nursing, Practical

Massasoit Community College (Canton)

900 Randolph St., Canton, MA 02021-1372. Two-Year College. Founded 1966. Contact: Charles Wall, Pres., (508)588-9100, 800-227-3377, Web Site: http://www.massasoit.mass.edu. Public. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Semester. Tuition: $24/credit hr. MA resident plus fees; $230/credit hr. non-resident plus fees. Enrollment: men 400, women 350. Degrees awarded: Certificate, Associate. Accreditation: ADA; CAAHEP; NLNAC; NEASC. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Air Conditioning, Heating & Refrigeration (2 Yr); Architectural Technology (2 Yr); Business Administration (2 Yr); Civil Engineering Technology (2 Yr); Commercial Art (2 Yr); Communications Technology (2 Yr); Court Reporting (2 Yr); Dental Assisting (1 Yr); Diesel Technology (2 Yr); Electro-Mechanical Technology (2 Yr); Electronics Technology (2 Yr); Medical Assistant (1 Yr); Medical Laboratory Technology (2 Yr)

CARVER

Dovestar Institute

128 Main St., Carver, MA 02330. Trade and Technical. Founded 1973. Contact: Penny McCoy, Faculty Member, (508)866-2133, E-mail: madovestar@verizon.net, info@dovestar.edu, Web Site: http://www.dovestar.edu. Private. Coed. HS diploma not required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Varies with Program. Tuition: Varies. Enrollment: Total 200. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service not available. Handicapped facilities not available. Curriculum: Hydrotherapy; Massage Therapy (500-1000Hr)

CHARLESTOWN

RETS Technical Center

570 Rutherford Ave., Charlestown, MA 02129-1644. Trade and Technical. Founded 1958. Contact: Howard Scott, (617)783-1197, 800-739-8700, E-mail: rets@retstech.com, Web Site: http://www.retstech.com. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Term: Varies with Program. Tuition: $9,695-$1,995 varies with program. Enrollment: men 150, women 50. Degrees awarded: Certificate, Diploma. Accreditation: ACCSCT. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Curriculum: Air Conditioning, Heating & Refrigeration (52 Wk); Electronics Technology (72 Wk); Medical Assistant (52 Wk); Technician, Electronic Service (50 Wk)

CHELMSFORD

Harris Real Estate School (Chelmsford)

Coldwell-Banker, 34 Chelmsford St., Chelmsford, MA 01824. Other. Contact: Pat Grant, (978)256-5536, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

CHELSEA

Bryman Institute (Chelsea)

70 Everett Ave., Chelsea, MA 02150. Allied Medical, Trade and Technical. Founded 2003.(617)889-5999, 888-741-4271, Fax: (617)889-0340, Web Site: http://bryman-institute.com/about.php?schoolLocation=Chelsea. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Tuition: $10,900 - $11,575. Enrollment: Total 245. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Accreditation: ACCSCT. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Massage Therapy (720 Hr); Medical Assistant (720 Hr); Pharmacy Technician (720 Hr)

CHICOPEE

United Tractor Trailer School

710 Fuller Rd., Chicopee, MA 01020. Other. Founded 1995. Contact: Paul Wanat, (413)592-1500, 800-670-4235, E-mail: unitedcdl@hotmail.com, Web Site: http://www.unitedcdl.com. Private. Coed. HS diploma not required. Out-of-state students not accepted. Housing available. Term: Hour. Tuition: $1,600-3,995. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid not available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities not available. Curriculum: Tractor Trailer Operators Training (4 Wk 10); Truck Driving (1 Wk - 3)

CONCORD

Emerson Hospital Nursing Education

Old Rd. to Nine Acre Corner, Concord, MA 01742. Two-Year College. Founded 1972. Contact: Mary Seymour, Education Mgr., (978)369-1400, Web Site: http://www.emersonhospital.org. Public. Coed. HS diploma required. Term: Semester. Enrollment: Total 4. Degrees awarded: Associate.Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Radiologic Technology (24 Mo)

DANVERS

North Shore Community College

1 Ferncroft Rd., Danvers, MA 01923. Trade and Technical, Two-Year College. Founded 1913. Contact: Wayne Burton, Pres., (978)762-4000, E-mail: wburton@northshore.edu, info@northshore.edu, Web Site: http://www.northshore.edu. Public. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Semester. Tuition: $116 per credit, in-state residents; other costs may apply. Enrollment: Total 2,376. Degrees awarded: Associate, Certificate, Diploma. Accreditation: CAAHEP. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Animal Science, General; Cosmetology (1 Yr); Culinary Occupations (2 Yr); Dietetic Technology (2 Yr); Floriculture (2 Yr); Horticulture, Ornamental (2 Yr); Nursing, Practical (1 Yr); Skin Care (1 Sm); Surgical Technology (1 Yr); Veterinary Technology (2 Yr)

DRACUT

Harris Real Estate School (Dracut)

Beaudoin & Associates, 1565 Lakeview Ave., Dracut, MA 01826. Other. (978)957-4000, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

EASTHAMPTON

Harris Real Estate School (Easthampton)

Homesgroup Real Estate, 384 Main St., Easthampton, MA 01027. Other. (413)527-3333, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

EVERETT

Beauty Creators Academy

20 Chelsea St., Everett, MA 02149. Cosmetology, Other. Founded 1960. Contact: Marcelyn Reeves, Pres. and Exec.Dir, (617)389-9723, 800-427-9723, Fax: (617)389-6352, E-mail: auroralake@comcast.net, Web Site: http://www.bcabeautyschool.com; Donah L. DeGregorio, Administrator. Private. Coed. HS diploma not required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Tuition: Cosmetology $7,960; Manicurist $1,500. Enrollment: Total 80. Degrees awarded: Certificate, Diploma. Accreditation: NACCAS. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Curriculum: Cosmetology (1000 Hr); Manicurist (100 Hr)

Harris Real Estate School (Everett)

ERA-Millenium, 236 Ferry St., Everett, MA 02149-5610. Other.(781)321-1101, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

FALL RIVER

Bristol Community College

777 Elsbree St., Fall River, MA 02720. Two-Year College. Founded 1965. Contact: John Sbrega, Ph.D., Pres., (508)678-2811, Fax: (508)730-3265, E-mail: jjsbrega@bristol.mass.edu, admissions@bristol.mass.edu, Web Site: http://www.bristol.mass.edu; Rodney Clark, Dir. of Admissions, E-mail: rclark@bristol.mass.edu. Public. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Semester. Tuition: $2544 full-time resident; $106/credit for 12 credits per semester (resident); $318 non-resident. Enrollment: Total 6,639. Degrees awarded: Certificate, Associate. Accreditation: ADA; AOTA; CAAHEP; NAACLS; NLNAC; NEASC. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Accounting, General; Art; Banking; Blood Bank Technology; Business Administration; Business Education; Child Care & Guidance; Civil Engineering Technology; Communications Technology; Computer Programming; Computer Repair; Computer Technology; Criminal Justice; Culinary Arts; Dental Hygiene; Desktop Publishing; Drafting, Electro-Mechanical; Engineering Technology; English As A Second Language; Fire Science; Human Services; Maintenance, Electronic Computer; Marketing Management; Nursing, Practical; Occupational Therapy Assistant; Office Administration; Office Technology; Real Estate, Basic; Retail Management; Secretarial, General; Secretarial, Legal; Security Training; Theatre Arts; Word Processing

Diman Regional Technical Institute

251 Stonehaven Rd., Fall River, MA 02723-3519. Trade and Technical. Contact: Rogerio Ramos, Superintendent Dir., (508)678-2891. Public. Coed. Housing not available. Term: Varies with Program. Tuition: $10,000. Enrollment: Total 46. Degrees awarded: Associate.

Rob Roy Academy (Fall River)

260 S. Main St., Fall River, MA 02721. Cosmetology, Barber. Founded 1979. Contact: Sue Derosier, Dir. of Schools, (508)672-4751, 888-877-2111, E-mail: info@rob-roy.com, Web Site: http://www.rob-roy.com; Lisa Purretta, Asst. Dir. of Schools. Private. Coed. HS diploma not required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Varies with Program. Tuition: $3,485-$9,750. Enrollment: Total 77. Degrees awarded: Diploma. Accreditation: NACCAS. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Barbering (500-1000Hr); Cosmetology (350-1000Hr); Esthetician (350 Hr); Manicurist (130 Hr)

SER Business School

164 Bedford St., Fall River, MA 02720. Business. Founded 1995. Contact: Paula Raposa, Dir. of Admissions, (508)676-1916, Fax: (508)676-7799. Public. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Semester. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Accounting, General (10 Mo); Personal Computing (10 Mo); Secretarial, General (10 Mo); Word Processing (10 Mo)

FALMOUTH

Harris Real Estate School (Falmouth)

Premier Properties, 668 Main St., Falmouth, MA 02540. Other.(508)540-7500, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

FITCHBURG

Henri's School of Hair Design

276 Water St., Fitchburg, MA 01420. Cosmetology. Founded 1962. Contact: Debra J. Gauvin, (978)342-6061, E-mail: henrischool@aol.com. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Month. Tuition: $8,385 plus $675 books and supplies for cosmetology; $1,260 plus $375 books and supplies for manicurist. Enrollment: Total 60. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Accreditation: NACCAS. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities not available. Curriculum: Cosmetology (1000 Hr); Manicurist (125 Hr)

FRAMINGHAM

Blaine The School - Framingham

624 Worcester Rd., Rte 9, Framingham, MA 01702. Cosmetology, Trade and Technical. Founded 1984. Contact: Henri R. Blaine, (508)370-3700, 800-627-6544, E-mail: apply@blainebeautyschools.com, Web Site: http://www.blainebeautyschools.com. Private. Coed. HS diploma not required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing available. Term: Hour. Tuition: $10,400. Enrollment: men 2, women 109. Degrees awarded: Associate, Certificate. Accreditation: NACCAS. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Cosmetology (1000-1500H)

Harris Real Estate School (Framingham)

Coldwell-Banker, One Pleasant St., Framingham, MA 01701-5358. Other. Contact: Barbara Epstein, (508)879-7711, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

Harris Real Estate School (Framingham)

Exit - 1st Choice Realty, 883 Edgell Rd., Framingham, MA 01701. Other. (508)877-6500, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

FRANKLIN

Dean College

99 Main St., Franklin, MA 02038. Two-Year College. Founded 1865. Contact: Kathleen Lynch, (508)541-1508, 877-879-3326, Fax: (508)541-8726, Web Site: http://www.dean.edu/. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing available. Term: Semester. Tuition: $15,230. Enrollment: men 452, women 305. Degrees awarded: Associate. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Athletic Trainer (2 Yr); Business Administration (2 Yr); Communications Technology (2 Yr); Computer Technology (2 Yr); Dance (4 Yr); Early Childhood Specialist (2 Yr); Human Services (2 Yr); Law Enforcement (2 Yr); Recreation Leadership (2 Yr); Theatre Arts (2 Yr)

Harris Real Estate School (Franklin)

Coldwell-Banker, 393 W. Central St., Franklin, MA 02038-1833. Other. (508)541-6200, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

GARDNER

Mount Wachusett Community College

444 Green St., Gardner, MA 01440. Two-Year College. Founded 1963. Contact: Dr. Daniel M. Asquino, Pres., (978)630-9110, (978)632-6600, E-mail: dasquino@mwcc.mass.edu, admissions@mwcc.mass.edu, Web Site: http://www.mwcc.edu. Public. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing available. Term: Semester. Tuition: $3144/yr resident; $8064 non-resident. Enrollment: men 1,453, women 2,665. Degrees awarded: Certificate, Associate. Accreditation: APTA; NEASC. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Accounting, Automated (1 Yr); Administrative Assistant (2 Yr); Art (2 Yr); Automotive Technology (1 Yr); Broadcasting Technology (2 Yr); Business Administration (1 Yr); Child Care & Guidance (2 Yr); Computer Aided Design (1 Yr); Computer Graphics (1 Yr); Computer Information Science (1 Yr); Correctional Science (1 Yr); Criminal Justice (2 Yr); Early Childhood Education (1 Yr); Electronic Engineering Technology (2 Yr); Fire Fighting (2 Yr); Geriatric Care (1 Yr); Human Services (1 Yr); Laboratory Technology (2 Yr); Library Technology (2 Yr); Manufacturing Technology (2 Yr); Medical Office Management (1 Yr); Microcomputers (2 Yr); Natural Resources Technology (1 Yr); Nursing, R.N. (2 Yr); Paralegal (1 Yr); Physical Therapy Aide (2 Yr); Plastics Technology (2 Yr); Small Business Management (1 Yr)

GLOUCESTER

North Shore Professional Registry of Nurses and Training Programs

Addison Gilbert Hospital, 298 Washington St., Gloucester, MA 01930. Allied Medical. Founded 1991. Contact: Katy Flaherty, Operations Manager, (978)281-6801, 800-410-4876, E-mail: katy@nsprn.com, contact@nsprn.com, Web Site: http://www.nsprn.com. Private. Coed. HS diploma not required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Week. Tuition: $750 - dual certification (CNA); $180 - home health aide certification. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Handicapped facilities not available. Curriculum: Health Aide (4 Wk); Nurse, Assistant (6 Wk)

GREENFIELD

Greenfield Community College

1 College Dr., Greenfield, MA 01301-9739. Two-Year College. Founded 1962. Contact: Herbert Hentz, Student Services, (413)775-1801, (413)775-1809, Fax: (413)775-5129, E-mail: hentz@gcc.mass.edu, admission@gcc. mass.edu, Web Site: http://gcc.mass.edu. Public. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Semester. Tuition: $3647/yr. in state tuition; $11,297 out-of-state. Enrollment: Total 1,040. Degrees awarded: Certificate, Associate. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Accounting, General; Art; Bookkeeping; Computer Aided Drafting; Criminal Justice; Dance; Data Processing; Early Childhood Education; Engineering Technology; Environmental Technology; Fine Arts; Fire Protection Technology; Food Science; Healing Arts; Human Services; Industrial Technology; Management; Marketing; Massage Therapy; Media Technology; Microcomputers; Music; Natural Resources Technology; Nursing, L.P.N.; Nursing, R.N.; Office Management; Office Technology; Paramedic; Pharmacy Technician; Physical Fitness; Physical Therapy Aide; Radiologic Technology; Real Estate, Basic; Women's Studies; Word Processing

Stillpoint Program at Greenfield Community College

One College Dr., Greenfield, MA 01301-9739. Trade and Technical, Other. Founded 1980. Contact: Patricia A. Wachter, Dir., (413)775-1000, Fax: (413)773-5129, E-mail: wachter@gcc.mass.edu, Web Site: http://www.gcc.mass.edu. Public. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Semester. Tuition: $6,758 resident (CT, VT, & NH); $16,952 non-resident. Enrollment: Total 56. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Massage Therapy (1-2 Yr)

HAVERHILL

Northern Essex Community College

100 Elliott St., Haverhill, MA 01830. Two-Year College. Founded 1961. Contact: Paul Bevilacqua, VP, Academic Affairs, (978)556-3000, (978)556-3327, E-mail: pbevilacqua@necc.mass.edu, Web Site: http://www.necc.mass.edu. Public. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Semester. Tuition: $105 per credit Massachusetts resident; $122 per credit New England region resident; $346 per credit all others. Enrollment: Total 2,257. Degrees awarded: Certificate, Associate. Accreditation: NEASC. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Accounting, General (2 Yr); Administrative Assistant (2 Yr); Banking (2 Yr); Biological Technology (2 Yr); Broadcasting Technology (2 Yr); Business Education (2 Yr); Business Management (2 Yr); Civil Engineering Technology (2 Yr); Communications, Disorders (1 Yr); Computer Aided Drafting (1 Yr); Computer Applications (2 Yr); Computer Information Science (2 Yr); Computer Networking (1 Yr); Computer Operations (2 Yr); Computer Programming (2 Yr); Computer Servicing - Theory & Systems (1 Yr); Computer Technology (2 Yr); Criminal Justice (2 Yr); Dance (2 Yr); Data Processing (2 Yr); Deaf Education (2 Yr); Dental Assisting (1 Yr); Desktop Publishing (1 Yr); Drug & Alcohol Counseling (1 Yr); Early Childhood Education (2 Yr); Early Childhood Specialist (2 Yr); Electronics Technology (2 Yr); Engineering Technology (2 Yr); Entrepreneurship (2 Yr); General Studies (2 Yr); Graphic Design (1 Yr); Health Aide (1 Yr); Health Care & Management (2 Yr); Health Information Technology (2 Yr); Hospitality (2 Yr); Human Services (1 Yr); Information Sciences Technology; Inhalation Therapy Technology (2 Yr); Journalism (2 Yr); Legal Technology (2 Yr); Liberal Arts (2 Yr); Manufacturing Technology (1 Yr); Medical Assistant (1 Yr); Medical Office Management (2 Yr); Medical Record Technology (1 Yr); Medical Technology (1 Yr); Medical Transcription (1 Yr); Music (2 Yr); Nursing, Practical (1 Yr); Nursing, R.N. (2 Yr); Office, General (1 Yr); Office Technology (1 Yr); Paralegal (2 Yr); Physical Education (2 Yr); Quality Control (1 Yr); Radiologic Technology (2 Yr); Real Estate Broker; Recreation Technology (2 Yr); Respiratory Therapy (2 Yr); Social Work Technology (2 Yr); Technician, Electronic Service; Theatre Arts (2 Yr); Travel & Tourism (2 Yr); Web Development (1 Yr); Writing (2 Yr)

HOLYOKE

Harris Real Estate School (Holyoke)

Edmund G. Woods Co, Inc., 580 Appleton St., Holyoke, MA 01040-3252. Other. Contact: Gil Woods, (413)532-1418, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

Holyoke Community College

303 Homestead Ave., Holyoke, MA 01040. Two-Year College. Founded 1946. Contact: Bill Messner, Pres., (413)538-7000, Fax: (413)534-8975, E-mail: admissions@hcc.mass.edu, Web Site: http://www.hcc.mass.edu. Public. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Semester. Tuition: Varies. Enrollment: men 2,230, women 4,068. Degrees awarded: Certificate, Associate. Accreditation: CAAHEP; JRCERT; NLNAC; COA; NASM; VMA. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Accounting, General (2 Yr); Banking (2 Yr); Business Management (2 Yr); Computer Aided Drafting (.5 Yr); Computer Information Science (2 Yr); Correctional Science (2 Yr); Culinary Arts (1 Yr); Customer Service (1 Yr); Day Care - Nursery School Administration (2 Yr); Early Childhood Education (2 Yr); Electronics Technology (1 Yr); Environmental Technology (2 Yr); Health Information Technology (2 Yr); Human Services (2 Yr); Information Sciences Technology (2 Yr); Law Enforcement (2 Yr); Medical Assistant (1 Yr); Medical Transcription; Microcomputers (2 Yr); Nursing, R.N. (2 Yr); Office Administration (2 Yr); Office, General (1 Yr); Optical Technology (2 Yr); Sports Management (2 Yr); Traffic & Transportation Management (2 Yr); Veterinary Technology (2 Yr); Visual Communications (2 Yr)

HYANNIS

Blaine The School - Hyannis

18 Center St., Hyannis, MA 02601. Cosmetology, Trade and Technical. Founded 1984. Contact: Henri R. Blaine, (508)771-1680, 800-627-6544, E-mail: apply@blainebeautyschools.com, Web Site: http://www.blainebeautyschools.com. Private. Coed. HS diploma not required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing available. Term: Hour. Tuition: $10,400. Enrollment: men 4, women 92. Degrees awarded: Associate, Certificate. Accreditation: NACCAS. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Cosmetology (1000-1500H); Esthetician (300-600 Hr); Manicurist (150 Hr)

HYDE PARK

Harris Real Estate School (Hyde Park)

Century 21, 63 Fairmont Ave., Hyde Park, MA 02136. Other. Contact: Robin Portman, (617)364-3400, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

Massachusetts Institute for Health Careers

1166 A River St., Hyde Park, MA 02136. Allied Medical. Founded 1995. Contact: Dr. Mona Dorsinville-Phanor, 888-339-6662, E-mail: mdorsinvillephanor-oms@hds.harvard.edu. Private. Coed. HS diploma not required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Varies with Program. Tuition: Varies. Enrollment: Total 220. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Computer Operations; Health Aide (1-3 Mo); Language; Medical Technology - Phlebotomy; Nurse, Assistant (3 Wk); Pharmacy Technician

INDIAN ORCHARD

Harris Real Estate School (Indian Orchard)

Marty's Real Estate, 528 Main St., Indian Orchard, MA 01151. Other. (413)543-6766, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

IPSWICH

Spa Tech Institute-Ipswich

126 High St., Ipswich, MA 01938-1246. Trade and Technical, Other. Founded 1976. Contact: Augie Favazza, Dir., (978)356-0414, E-mail: infoipma@spatechmail.com, Web Site: http://www.spatech.edu; Theresa Favazza, Dir., Web Site: http://www.spatech.edu/dev/info_request2.htm. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Varies with Program. Tuition: $10,250 plus $1,015 books and supplies for massage therapy; $12,325 plus $1,170 books and supplies for polarity therapy. Enrollment: Total 54. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Accreditation: NACCAS; AMTA; ABMP; NCBTMB. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities not available. Curriculum: Fitness Management (660 Hr); Massage Therapy (600 Hr)

KINGSTON

Harris Real Estate School (Kingston)

Tarantino Real Estate, 43 Pottle St., Kingston, MA 02364. Other. Contact: Phillip Tarantino, (781)582-1111, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

LENOX

Harris Real Estate School (Lenox)

Lenox Mountain Properties, 130 West St., Lenox, MA 01240. Other. Contact: Susan Parsley, (413)637-4812, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

Harris Real Estate School (Lenox)

McLean Realtors-Village Ctr., 68 Main St., Lenox, MA 01240-4988. Other. Contact: John McLean, (413)637-9070, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

LONGMEADOW

Bay Path College - Travel Education Center

588 Longmeadow St., Longmeadow, MA 01106. Other. Founded 1897. Contact: Diane Ranaldi, (413)565-1000, 800-782-7284, E-mail: dranaldi@baypath.edu, travel@baypath.edu, Web Site: http://www.traveleducation.com. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Varies with Program. Tuition: $2,795. Enrollment: Total 220. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Accreditation: ACCSCT. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid not available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities not available. Curriculum: Travel Agents (16 Wk)

LOWELL

Blaine The School - Lowell

231 Central St., Lowell, MA 01852. Cosmetology, Trade and Technical. Founded 1984. Contact: Henri R. Blaine, (978)459-9959, 800-627-6544, E-mail: apply@blainebeautyschools.com, Web Site: http://www.blainebeautyschools.com. Private. Coed. HS diploma not required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing available. Term: Hour. Tuition: $10,400. Enrollment: men 10, women 180. Degrees awarded: Associate, Certificate. Accreditation: NACCAS. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Cosmetology (1000 Hr); Esthetician (300-900 Hr); Manicurist (150 Hr)

Career Education Institute (Lowell)

211 Plain St., Lowell, MA 01852. Business, Trade and Technical, Allied Medical, Other. Founded 1982. Contact: Alan Lampert, (978)458-4800, E-mail: alampert@lincolntech.com, Web Site: http://www.ceitraining.com. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Varies with Program. Tuition: Varies. Enrollment: men 50, women 175. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Accreditation: ACICS. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Clerical, General; Computer Networking; Computer Programming, Advanced; Computer Programming, Business; Computer Repair; Management, Automation; Office Technology; Secretarial, Executive; Secretarial, General; Secretarial, Legal; Secretarial, Medical

Lowell Academy Hairstyling Institute

136 Central St., Lowell, MA 01852. Cosmetology. Founded 1933. Contact: N. Robert Akashian, Jr., Dir., (978)452-8686, (978)453-3235, 888-576-4247, E-mail: lalrnhair@verizon.net, Web Site: http://www.lahair.net. Private. Coed. HS diploma not required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Tuition: $10,400 cosmetology; $1,199 manicuring; $3,640 crossover. Enrollment: Total 79. Degrees awarded: Diploma. Accreditation: NACCAS. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities not available. Curriculum: Cosmetology (1000 Hr); Manicurist (110 Hr)

LUDLOW

Harris Real Estate School (Ludlow)

John Pedro Real Estate Associates, 77 Windsor St., No. 302, Ludlow, MA 01056. Other. Contact: John Pedro, (413)547-8781, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

LYNNFIELD

Harris Real Estate School (Lynnfield)

Coldwell-Banker, 932 Lynnfield St., Lynnfield, MA 01940-1579. Other. (781)334-5700, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

MALDEN

Blaine The School - Malden

347 Pleasant St., Malden, MA 02148. Cosmetology, Trade and Technical. Founded 1984. Contact: Henri R. Blaine, (781)397-7400, 800-627-6544, E-mail: apply@blainebeautyschools.com, Web Site: http://www.blainebeautyschools.com. Private. Coed. HS diploma not required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing available. Term: Hour. Tuition: $10,400. Enrollment: men 7, women 173. Degrees awarded: Associate, Certificate. Accreditation: NACCAS. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Cosmetology (1000-1500H); Manicurist (150 Hr)

Empire Beauty School (Malden)

384 Main St, Malden, MA 02148. Cosmetology.800-223-3271, Web Site: http://www.empire.edu. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Tuition: $11,500. Enrollment: Total 73. Degrees awarded: Diploma. Accreditation: NACCAS. Financial aid available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Cosmetology; Cosmetology Instructor; Manicurist

MANSFIELD

Harris Real Estate School (Mansfield)

Coldwell Banker, 54 Pratt St., Mansfield, MA 02048. Other. Contact: Sheryle De Girolamo, (508)339-3543, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.sheryle.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

MEDFORD

Lawrence Memorial Hospital School of Nursing

170 Governors Ave., Medford, MA 02155-1643. Nursing. Contact: Hattie Derrick, Admissions Coord., (781)306-6600, Fax: (781)306-6142, E-mail: lmrcnurse@lmh.edu, Web Site: http://www.lmregisnurse.org. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing available. Term: Semester. Tuition: $17,125 plus $1,000 books and supplies. Enrollment: Total 272. Degrees awarded: Associate. Financial aid available.

Lawrence Memorial/Regis College Medical Radiography Program

170 Governors Ave., Medford, MA 02155. Allied Medical. Contact: James V. Lampka, Dir., (781)306-6600, E-mail: admissions@lmregis.org, Web Site: http://www.lmregis.org. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Term: Month. Tuition: Varies by program. Enrollment: Total 10. Degrees awarded: Associate. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Curriculum: Nursing (2 Yr); Radiologic Technology (22 Mo)

MENDON

Harris Real Estate School (Mendon)

Metro/West Rentals, 56 Cape Rd., Rte.140, Mendon, MA 01756. Other. (508)478-0770, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

MIDDLEBORO

Harris Real Estate School (Middleboro)

Cedrone & MacDonald Real Estate, 12 Wareham St., Middleboro, MA 02346. Other.(508)947-2295, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

MILLIS

Harris Real Estate School (Millis)

Jerry Bluhm Realty, 840 Main St., Ste. 104, Millis, MA 02054. Other. Contact: Jerry Bluhm, (508)376-1201, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

MILTON

Aquinas College at Newton

303 Adams St., Milton, MA 02186-4253. Two-Year College. Founded 1961. Contact: Sister Marian Batho, (617)969-4400. Private. Women. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Semester. Tuition: $7,000. Enrollment: Total 265. Degrees awarded: Certificate, Associate. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Accounting, General (2 Yr); Biological Technology (1 Yr); Business Administration (2 Yr); Day Care - Nursery School Administration (1 Yr); Environmental Technology (1 Yr); Medical Assistant (2 Yr); Office Administration (1 Yr)

NATICK

Harris Real Estate School (Natick)

Re/Max Homefinders, 264 N. Main St., Natick, MA 01760. Other.(508)655-1559, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

Leonard Morse Hospital—Metro West Medical Center

67 Union St., Natick, MA 01760. Allied Medical. Contact: Dr. Michael Gottleib, Dir., (508)650-7000, Fax: (508)650-7777, Web Site: http://www.mwmc.com. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Tuition: None required. Enrollment: Total 4. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Curriculum: Radiologic Technology

NEW BEDFORD

Harris Real Estate School (New Bedford)

Exit Realty Advisors, 4 Welby Rd., New Bedford, MA 02745. Other.(508)998-6466, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

LaBaron Hairdressing Academy (New Bedford)

281 Union St., New Bedford, MA 02740. Cosmetology. Founded 1959. Contact: Gail Borges, Office Manager, (508)996-6611, Fax: (508)984-3545, E-mail: labaronnb@att.net, Web Site: http://www.labarononline.com. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Varies with Program. Tuition: $7,000. Enrollment: men 7, women 55. Degrees awarded: Diploma. Accreditation: NACCAS. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities not available. Curriculum: Cosmetology (1000 Hr); Manicurist (100 Hr)

Rob Roy Academy (New Bedford)

1872 Acushnet Ave., New Bedford, MA 02746. Cosmetology, Barber. Founded 1979. Contact: Sue Derosier, Dir. of Schools, (508)995-8711, 888-877-2111, E-mail: info@rob-roy.com, Web Site: http://www.rob-roy.com; Lisa Purretta, Asst. Dir. of Schools. Private. Coed. HS diploma not required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Varies with Program. Tuition: $3,485-$9,750. Enrollment: Total 21. Degrees awarded: Diploma. Accreditation: NACCAS. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Barbering (500-1000Hr); Cosmetology (350-1000Hr); Esthetician (350 Hr); Manicurist (130 Hr)

NEWTON

ELS Language Centers

Mount Ida College, 777 Dedham St., Newton, MA 02459. Other. Founded 1961. Contact: Molly Swift, Center Dir., (617)928-7359, Fax: (617)928-7354, E-mail: bos@els.com, Web Site: http://www.els.com. Private. Coed. HS diploma not required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing available. Term: Month. Tuition: $1,395 intensive; $1,045 semi-intensive. Enrollment: Total 223. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Accreditation: ACCET. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: English As A Second Language (3-4 Wk)

Lasell College

1844 Commonwealth Ave., Newton, MA 02466. Other. Founded 1851. Contact: James Tweed, Dir. of Admissions, (617)243-2000, (617)243-2225, 888-LAS-ELL4, Fax: (617)243-2380, E-mail: info@lasell.edu, Web Site: http://www.lasell.edu. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing available. Term: Semester. Tuition: $17,500; room & board $8400/yr. Enrollment: Total 1,098. Degrees awarded: Associate, Diploma. Accreditation: APTA; NEASC. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Curriculum: Accounting, Specialist (2 Yr); Art (2 Yr); Business Management (2 Yr); Day Care - Nursery School Administration (2 Yr); Early Childhood Education (2 Yr); Early Childhood Specialist (2 Yr); Fashion Design & Illustration (2 Yr); Fashion Merchandising (2 Yr); Hotel & Motel Management (2 Yr); Human Services (2 Yr); Marketing (2 Yr); Nursing, Practical (2 Yr); Occupational Therapy Assistant (2 Yr); Physical Therapy Aide (2 Yr); Retail Management (2 Yr); Travel & Tourism (2 Yr)

Mount Ida College

777 Dedham St., Newton, MA 02459. Two-Year College. Founded 1899. Contact: Dr. Carol J. Matteson, Pres., (617)928-4500, Web Site: http://www.mountida.edu. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing available. Term: Semester. Tuition: $8,300. Enrollment: men 990, women 1,210. Degrees awarded: Certificate, Associate. Accreditation: ADA; AOTA. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Curriculum: Accounting, General (2 Yr); Advertising (2 Yr); Animal Science - Companion Animal Care & Management (2 Yr); Animal Science, General (2 Yr); Biological Technology (2 Yr); Business Administration (2 Yr); Chemical Technology (2 Yr); Communications Technology (2 Yr); Dental Assisting (2 Yr); Early Childhood Specialist (2 Yr); Electricity, Apprenticeship (2 Yr); English As A Second Language (2 Yr); Environmental Technology (2 Yr); Fashion Design & Illustration (2 Yr); Fashion Illustration (2 Yr); Fashion Merchandising (2 Yr); Graphic Arts (3 Yr); Horse Management (2 Yr); Hotel & Motel Management (2 Yr); Human Services (2 Yr); Interior Design (3 Yr); Management, Automation (2 Yr); Marketing (2 Yr); Medical Assistant (2 Yr); Merchandising (2 Yr); Occupational Therapy Assistant (2 Yr); Office Management (2 Yr); Paralegal (2 Yr); Sales Management (2 Yr); Travel & Tourism (2 Yr); Veterinary Assistant (3 Yr); Veterinary Technology (3 Yr)

NEWTON LOWER FALLS

Newton-Wellesley Hospital

2014 Washington St., Newton Lower Falls, MA 02462. Allied Medical. (617)243-6000, Fax: (617)243-6954, Web Site: http://www.nwh.org. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Tuition: $300. Enrollment: Total 10. Degrees awarded: Associate. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Curriculum: Radiologic Technology (24 Mo)

NORTH ADAMS

Charles H. McCann Technical School

70 Hodges Cross Rd., North Adams, MA 01247. Trade and Technical. Founded 1958. Contact: Mary Lou Accetta, Dir. of Student Services, (413)663-5383, Fax: (413)664-9424, E-mail: maccetta@mccanntech.org, Web Site: http://www.mccanntech.org. Public. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Semester. Tuition: $2,500 out-of-district; $11,288 out-of-state. Enrollment: Total 60. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Accreditation: CAAHEP. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Cosmetology (1 Yr); Dental Assisting (1 Yr); Medical Assistant (1 Yr); Surgical Technology (1 Yr)

NORTH CHELMSFORD

Harris Real Estate School (North Chelmsford)

Exit-Outstanding Realty, 195 Princeton St., No. B, North Chelmsford, MA 01863. Other.(978)251-8600, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

NORTON

New England School of Floral Design

88 W. Main St., Norton, MA 02766. Trade and Technical. Founded 1980. Contact: Jim Cahill, Dir., (508)285-7188, 800-675-7188, E-mail: nesfloraldesign@aol.com, Web Site: http://www.neschooloffloraldesign.com. Private. Coed. HS diploma not required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Varies with Program. Tuition: Varies. Enrollment: men 20, women 50. Degrees awarded: Diploma. Financial aid not available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Floristry (52-108 Hr)

NORWOOD

ITT Technical Institute (Norwood)

333 Providence Hwy., Rte. 1, Norwood, MA 02062. Trade and Technical. (781)278-7200, 800-879-8324, Web Site: http://www.itt-tech.edu; Web Site: http://www.itt-tech.edu/contact/form.cfm. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Quarter. Tuition: $14,196 per year. Enrollment: Total 303. Degrees awarded: Associate. Accreditation: ACICS. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Computer Aided Drafting & Design (96 Credits); Computer Networking (96 Credits); Electrical Engineering Technology (96 Credits); Multimedia Design (96 Credits); Software Development/Engineering (96 Credits); Web Development (96 Credits)

Universal Technical Institute

One Upland Rd, Bldg 200, Norwood, MA 02062. Trade and Technical. Contact: Kimberly J. McWaters, CEO, (781)948-2000, (866)753-6553, Web Site: http://uticorp.com; Web Site: http://uticorp.com/go/contactus/. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Tuition: Varies by program. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Accreditation: ACCSCT. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Curriculum: Auto Mechanics (51 Wk); Auto Mechanics - Diesel (51 Wk); Automotive Collision Repair (51 Wk); Automotive Technology (51 Wk); Diesel Technology (51 Wk)

PITTSFIELD

Berkshire Community College

1350 W. St., Pittsfield, MA 01201. Two-Year College. Founded 1960. Contact: Michael Bullock, Admissions Office, (413)499-4660, 800-816-1233, Fax: (413)496-9511, E-mail: mbullock@berkshire.edu, Web Site: http://www.cc.berkshire.org/flash.html. Public. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Semester. Tuition: $113 per credit; $347/credit out-of-state. Enrollment: men 1,022, women 1,472. Degrees awarded: Certificate, Associate. Accreditation: NEASC. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Animal Science, General (1Yr); Banking (2 Yr); Biological Technology (2 Yr); Business (2 Yr); Business Administration (2 Yr); Business Technology (2 Yr); Computer Business Systems Technology (2 Yr); Computer Science (2 Yr); Criminal Justice (2 Yr); Culinary Arts (2 Yr); Early Childhood Education (1 Yr); Engineering (2 Yr); Engineering Technology (2 Yr); Engineering Technology, Electronic (2 Yr); Environmental Technology (2 Yr); Fire Science (2 Yr); Hotel & Restaurant Management (2 Yr); Human Services (2 Yr); Massage Therapy (2 Yr); Music (2 Yr); Nursing, Practical (2 Yr); Nursing, R.N. (2 Yr); Office, General (1 Yr); Physical Fitness (1 Yr); Physical Therapy Aide (2 Yr); Respiratory Therapy (2 Yr); Theatre Arts (2 Yr); Visual Communications (2 Yr)

Harris Real Estate School (Pittsfield)

Assist to Sell, 369 South St., Pittsfield, MA 01201. Other. Contact: Steve Ray, (413)499-2330, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

Harris Real Estate School (Pittsfield)

Century 21-Perras, 481 Dalton Ave., Pittsfield, MA 01201-2908. Other. (413)442-0109, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

Mildred Elley Business School

505 East St., Pittsfield, MA 01201. Business, Other. Founded 1917. Contact: Faith A. Takes, Pres., (413)499-8618, 800-622-6327, E-mail: admissions@mildred-elley.edu, Web Site: http://www.mildred-elley.edu. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Tuition: $7,600/900 classroom hours; $5,425/600 classroom hours. Enrollment: men 20, women 200. Degrees awarded: Diploma. Accreditation: ACICS. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Accounting, Automated (600 Hr); Administrative Assistant (900 Hr); Bookkeeping (900 Hr); Information Sciences Technology (900 Hr); Massage Therapy (750 Hr); Medical Assistant (900 Hr); Medical Insurance Specialist (600 Hr); Medical Transcription (600 Hr); Office Administration (600 Hr); Paralegal (600 Hr)

PLAINVILLE

Harris Real Estate School (Plainville)

Prudential, 172 East Bacon St., Plainville, MA 02762. Other.(508)226-5002, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

PLYMOUTH

Harris Real Estate School (Plymouth)

Coldwell-Banker, 20 North Park Ave., Plymouth, MA 02360. Other. Contact: Mark Baler, (508)746-0051, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

Harris Real Estate School (Plymouth)

Exit-Tri-Star, 114 Water St., Plymouth, MA 02361. Other.(508)746-8040, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

Harris Real Estate School (Plymouth)

Prudential Prime-Cotti, 159 Samoset St., Plymouth, MA 02360. Other. (508)746-1154, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

Spa Tech Institute-Plymouth

59 Industrial Park Rd, Plymouth, MA 02360. Cosmetology. Founded 1976. Contact: Augie Favazza, Dir., (508)747-3130, E-mail: infoipma@spatechmail.com, Web Site: http://www.spatech.edu; Theresa Favazza, Dir., Web Site: http://www.spatech.edu/dev/info_request2.htm. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Varies with Program. Tuition: $10,250; $1,015 books and supplies. Enrollment: Total 49. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Accreditation: NACCAS. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Curriculum: Esthetician (300-600 Hr); Massage Therapy (600 Hr)

POCASSET

Harris Real Estate School (Pocasset)

Realty Executives, 2 Wiiliams Ave., Pocasset, MA 02559-2281. Other. (508)564-4447, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

QUINCY

Mansfield Beauty Schools

200 Parkingway St., Quincy, MA 02169. Cosmetology. Founded 1909. Contact: Daniel Dorian, President, (617)479-1090, Fax: (617)479-8095, E-mail: mansfieldbeauty@aol.com, Web Site: http://www.mansfieldbeautyschools.com. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Varies with Program. Tuition: $9,775 cosmetology plus $600 books and supplies; $1,425 manicure plus $551 books and supplies. Enrollment: Total 76. Degrees awarded: Diploma. Accreditation: NACCAS. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities not available. Curriculum: Cosmetology (1000 Hr); Manicurist (100 Hr)

Quincy College

34 Coddington St., Quincy, MA 02169. Two-Year College. Founded 1956. Contact: Pushap Kapoor, VP Administrative Services, (617)984-1700, (617)984-1775, 800-698-1700, E-mail: pkapoor@quincycollege.edu, info@quincycollege.edu, Web Site: http://www.quincycollege.edu. Public. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Semester. Tuition: varies by program. Enrollment: Total 4,314. Degrees awarded: Certificate, Associate. Accreditation: CAAHEP; NLNAC; NEASC. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Administrative Assistant (1 Yr); Business Administration (2 Yr); Computer Science (2 Yr); Criminal Justice (2 Yr); Early Childhood Education (2 Yr); Health Occupations (1 Yr); Hotel & Restaurant Management (2 Yr); Nursing, Practical (1 Yr); Nursing, R.N. (2 Yr); Office Technology (2 Yr); Paralegal (1 Yr); Secretarial, Executive (2 Yr); Secretarial, General (2 Yr); Secretarial, Legal (2 Yr); Secretarial, Medical (2 Yr); Surgical Technology (1 Yr); Travel & Tourism (2 Yr)

RAYNHAM

Harris Real Estate School (Raynham)

Premier Properties/GMAC, 1510 New State Hwy., Raynham, MA 02767. Other. Contact: Bob Simmons, (508)822-7444, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

ROWLEY

Harris Real Estate School (Rowley)

Harris Real Estate School, 150 Newburyport Tnpk, Rte. 1, Rowley, MA 01969. Other. Contact: Rich Harris, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

Harris Real Estate School (Rowley)

150 Newburyport Turnpike, Rte. 1, Rowley, MA 01969. Other. Founded 1984. Contact: Richard D. Harris, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. HS diploma not required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Week. Tuition: Licenses: $219 real estate sales, $249 broker's. Enrollment: Total 650. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

ROXBURY CROSSING

Roxbury Community College

1234 Columbus Ave., Roxbury Crossing, MA 02120. Two-Year College. Founded 1973. Contact: Walter Clark, Dir. of Admissions, (617)427-0060, (617)541-5310, E-mail: wclark@rcc.mass.edu, Web Site: http://www.rcc.mass.edu. Public. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Term: Semester. Tuition: $26/credit resident; $247 non-resident. Enrollment: men 600, women 937. Degrees awarded: Certificate, Associate. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Accounting, General (2 Yr); Business Administration (2 Yr); Business, International (2 Yr); Business Management (2 Yr); Computer Aided Design (2 Yr); Computer Information Science (1-2 Yr); Computer Networking (1 Yr); Computer Programming (2 Yr); Criminal Justice (2 Yr); Drafting, Electro-Mechanical (1 Yr); Early Childhood Education (2 Yr); Electronics Technology (2 Yr); Engineering (2 Yr); Environmental Technology (2 Yr); Hospitality (1 Yr); Microcomputers (1-2 Yr); Nursing, L.P.N. (2 Yr); Nursing, R.N. (2 Yr); Office Administration (2 Yr); Retail Management (2 Yr); Secretarial, Executive (2 Yr); Secretarial, Legal (2 Yr); Secretarial, Medical (2 Yr); Word Processing (1-2 Yr)

SHIRLEY

Harris Real Estate School (Shirley)

Keystone Properties, 30 Main St., Shirley, MA 01464. Other.(978)425-9772, (978)948-5578, E-mail: allie@keystoneproperties.com, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

SOMERVILLE

Career Education Institute (Somerville)

5 Middlesex Ave., Somerville, MA 02145. Business. Contact: Marie Acker, Exec.Dir, (617)776-3500, Web Site: http://www.ceitraining.com. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Varies with Program. Tuition: Varies. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Accreditation: ACICS. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid not available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Accounting, Automated; Clerical, General; Computer Aided Design; Computer Aided Drafting; Computer Programming, Advanced; Computer Programming, Business; Customer Service; Management, Automation; Office Technology; Secretarial, Executive; Secretarial, General; Secretarial, Legal; Secretarial, Medical

SOUTH DEERFIELD

International Auction School

241 Greenfield Rd., Rte. 5, South Deerfield, MA 01373-9790. Trade and Technical. Founded 1978. Contact: Douglas P. Bilodeau, (413)665-2877, Fax: (413)665-2877, E-mail: ias@douglasauctioneers.com, Web Site: http://www.douglasauctioneers.com. Private. Coed. HS diploma not required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Day. Tuition: $750. Enrollment: Total 20. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Auctioneering

SOUTH EASTON

Harris Real Estate School (South Easton)

Prudential-Linn Real Estate, 5 Bristol Dr., South Easton, MA 02375. Other. (508)238-1044, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

Southeastern Technical Institute

250 Foundry St., South Easton, MA 02375. Trade and Technical. Founded 1967. Contact: Pamelia S. Barry, (508)238-1860. Public. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students not accepted. Housing not available. Term: Semester. Tuition: $1,500. Enrollment: Total 136. Degrees awarded: Diploma. Accreditation: CAAHEP. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Air Conditioning & Heating (10 Mo); Dental Assisting (10 Mo); Medical Assistant (10 Mo); Nursing, Practical (40 Wk); Office Technology (10 Mo)

SOUTH HADLEY

Harris Real Estate School (South Hadley)

ERA-M. Connie Laplante, 2 Lyman St., South Hadley, MA 01075-2325. Other.(413)536-9111, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

SOUTH LANCASTER

Atlantic Union College

338 Main St., PO Box 1000, South Lancaster, MA 01561-1000. Other. Founded 1882. Contact: Rosita Lashley, (978)368-2000, 800-282-2030, Fax: (978)368-2015, E-mail: rlashley@atlanticuc.edu, enroll@atlanticuc.edu, Web Site: http://www.atlanticuc.edu. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing available. Term: Semester. Tuition: $16,560/yr. Enrollment: Total 486. Degrees awarded: Certificate, Associate, Diploma. Accreditation: NEASC. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Accounting, Advanced (4 Yr); Accounting, General (4 Yr); Bible Study (4 Yr); Business Administration (4 Yr); Computer Science (2 Yr); Early Childhood Education (2 Yr); Minister (4 Yr); Music (4 Yr); Nursing, R.N. (4 Yr); Nursing, Vocational (2 Yr); Paralegal (2 Yr); Physical Education (2 Yr); Social Work Technology (4 Yr)

SOUTH YARMOUTH

Harris Real Estate School (South Yarmouth)

Exit-Cape Cod, 851 Rte. 28, No. 4, South Yarmouth, MA 02664. Other. (508)394-5155, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

SPENCER

Central Mass. School of Massage & Therapy

200 Main St., Spencer, MA 01562. Allied Medical. Founded 1970. Contact: Gregory St. Jacques, (508)885-0306, 800-766-6572, E-mail: cms119@juno.com, Web Site: http://www.centralmassschool.com. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Tuition: $4,570 - $10,070 (includes all text books, application fees). Enrollment: Total 100. Degrees awarded: Certificate, Diploma. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Massage Therapy (6-12 Mo); Spa Therapy (6 Mo)

SPRINGFIELD

Branford Hall Career Institute (Springfield)

112 Industry Ave., Springfield, MA 01104. Trade and Technical, Allied Medical.(413)781-2276, 800-959-7599, Fax: (413)781-2829, Web Site: http://www.branfordhall.com; Web Site: http://www.branfordhall.com/78/. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Tuition: $10,670 - $16,675; $700 books and supplies. Enrollment: Total 381. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Accreditation: ABHES; ACICS. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Culinary Arts (1560 Hr); Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning (1080 Hr); Massage Therapy (900 Hr); Medical Assistant (900 Hr); Medical Insurance Specialist (900 Hr)

Mansfield Beauty Schools

266 Bridge St., Springfield, MA 01103. Cosmetology. Founded 1909. Contact: Jeanne Redden, (413)788-7575, Fax: (617)479-8095, E-mail: mansfieldbeauty@aol.com, Web Site: http://www.mansfieldbeautyschools.com. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Varies with Program. Tuition: $9,775 cosmetology plus $600 books and supplies; $1,425 manicure plus $551 books and supplies. Enrollment: Total 39. Degrees awarded: Diploma. Accreditation: NACCAS. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities not available. Curriculum: Cosmetology (1000 Hr); Manicurist (100 Hr)

Sanford Brown Institute

365 Cadwell Dr., Springfield, MA 01104. Allied Medical. Contact: Joe Gringas, Dir. of Admissions, (413)739-4700, Fax: (413)739-4800, E-mail: jgringas@sbmass.com, Web Site: http://www.sbmass.com; Web Site: http://contact.sbmass.com. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Month. Tuition: $13,425-$16,525. Degrees awarded: Certificate, Diploma. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Curriculum: Criminal Justice (10-15 Mo); Massage Therapy (10-15 Mo); Medical Assistant (9-12 Mo); Medical Insurance Specialist (10-15 Mo)

Springfield Technical Community College

One Armory Square, PO Box 9000, Springfield, MA 01102-9000. Two-Year College. Founded 1967. Contact: Dr. Patrick Tigue, VP Admissions/Enrollment, (413)781-7822, (413)755-4482, E-mail: tigue@stcc.edu, Web Site: http://www.stcc.edu. Public. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Semester. Tuition: $214/credit, state resident (includes various fees); $431 out-of-state. Enrollment: men 2,644, women 3,567. Degrees awarded: Certificate, Associate. Accreditation: AAMAE; ADA; APTA; CAAHEP; NLNAC; JRCNMT; NEASC; AOTA; JRCERT; NAACLS; ARCEST; CAPTE; CARC. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Accounting, General (2 Yr); Automotive Technology (2 Yr); Biomedical Electronics (2 Yr); Business (2 Yr); Business Administration (2 Yr); Civil Engineering Technology (2 Yr); Commercial Art (2 Yr); Computer Aided Design (2 Yr); Computer Information Science (2 Yr); Cosmetology (1 Yr); Court Reporting (2 Yr); Data Processing (2 Yr); Dental Assisting (1 Yr); Dental Hygiene (2 Yr); Drafting Technology (1 Yr); Early Childhood Education (2 Yr); Electrical Engineering Technology (2 Yr); Electronics, Digital (2 Yr); Electronics Technology (2 Yr); Energy Systems Technology (2 Yr); Environmental Technology (2 Yr); Finance (2 Yr); Graphic Arts (2 Yr); Landscaping (2 Yr); Law Enforcement (2 Yr); Legal Receptionist (2 Yr); Management (2 Yr); Marketing (2 Yr); Mechanical Technology (2 Yr); Medical Assistant (2 Yr); Medical Laboratory Technology (2 Yr); Medical Office Management (2 Yr); Medical Record Technology (1 Yr); Microcomputers (2 Yr); Nuclear Medical Technology (2 Yr); Nursing, R.N. (2 Yr); Occupational Therapy Assistant (2 Yr); Office Administration (2 Yr); Office, General (1 Yr); Physical Therapy Aide (2 Yr); Plant Science (2 Yr); Radiation Therapy Technology (2 Yr); Radiologic Technology (2 Yr); Respiratory Therapy (2 Yr); Robotics (2 Yr); Surgical Technology (2 Yr); Telecommunications Technology (2 Yr); Ultrasonography (2 Yr); Word Processing (2 Yr)

STONEHAM

Harris Real Estate School (Stoneham)

Coldwell Banker, 105 Central St., No. 1200, Stoneham, MA 02180. Other. (781)438-7600, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

STOUGHTON

Harris Real Estate School (Stoughton)

Exit Realty Center, 1256 Park St., No. 105, Stoughton, MA 02072. Other. (781)297-9494, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

SUDBURY

Harris Real Estate School (Sudbury)

Coldwell Banker, 447 Boston Post Rd., Sudbury, MA 01776. Other. Contact: Barbara Epstein, (978)443-3333, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

SWAMPSCOTT

Marian Court College

35 Little's Point Rd., Swampscott, MA 01907. Two-Year College. Founded 1964. Contact: Lisa Parker, Associate Director of Admissions, (781)595-6768, E-mail: info@mariancourt.edu, Web Site: http://www.mariancourt.edu. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Semester. Tuition: $10,960/yr. Enrollment: men 34, women 223. Degrees awarded: Certificate, Associate. Accreditation: NEASC. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Accounting, General (1-2 Yr); Administrative Assistant (1-2 Yr); Business Management (1-2 Yr); Computer Applications (1-2 Yr); Criminal Justice (1-2 Yr); Hospitality (1-2 Yr); Legal Administration (1-2 Yr); Liberal Arts (2 Yr); Marketing (2 Yr); Medical Insurance Specialist (1-2 Yr); Medical Office Management (1-2 Yr); Medical Transcription (1-2 Yr); Paralegal (1-2 Yr); Security Training (1-2 Yr); Web Development (1-2 Yr)

TAUNTON

Bristol-Plymouth Regional Technical School

940 County St., Taunton, MA 02780. Trade and Technical. Founded 1972. (508)823-5151, Fax: (508)822-2687, E-mail: cpearson@bptech.org, Web Site: http://www.bptech.org. Public. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Trisemester. Tuition: $5,000. Enrollment: Total 42. Degrees awarded: Diploma. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid not available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Nursing, Practical (10 Mo)

Rob Roy Academy (Taunton)

One School St., Taunton, MA 02780. Cosmetology, Barber. Founded 1979. Contact: Sue Derosier, Dir. of Schools, (508)822-1405, 888-877-2111, E-mail: info@rob-roy.com, Web Site: http://www.rob-roy.com; Lisa Purretta, Asst. Dir. of Schools. Private. Coed. HS diploma not required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Varies with Program. Tuition: $3,485-$9,750. Enrollment: Total 70. Degrees awarded: Diploma. Accreditation: NACCAS. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Barbering (500-1000Hr); Cosmetology (350-1000Hr); Esthetician (350 Hr); Manicurist (130 Hr)

TEWKSBURY

Harris Real Estate School (Tewksbury)

ERA-Home & Family, 1215 Main St., No. 111, Tewksbury, MA 01876. Other. (978)640-0110, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

Tewksbury Hospital School of Practical Nursing

365 East St., Tewksbury, MA 01876. Nursing. Founded 1920. Contact: Patricia L. LeClair, R.N., M.Ed., (978)851-7321, Fax: (978)851-5648. Public. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Week. Tuition: $1,000 in-state; $1,500 out-of-state. Enrollment: men 8, women 30. Degrees awarded: Diploma. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid not available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities not available. Curriculum: Nursing, Practical (48 Wk)

TOWNSEND

Harris Real Estate School (Townsend)

ERA-Squanicook, 30 Main St., Townsend, MA 01469-1357. Other.(978)597-5881, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

TURNERS FALLS

Hallmark Institute of Photography

PO Box 308, Turners Falls, MA 01376. Trade and Technical. Founded 1974. Contact: Tammy Murphy, Dir. of Student Serv., (413)863-2478, E-mail: info@hallmark.edu, Web Site: http://www.hallmark.edu. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Other. Tuition: $26,050 includes $9,900 supply & material fee. Enrollment: Total 220. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Accreditation: ACCSCT. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Curriculum: Photography (1400 Hr)

TYNGSBORO

Greater Lowell Technical School

250 Pawtucket Blvd., Tyngsboro, MA 01879-2214. Allied Medical. Founded 1962. Contact: J. Silk, (978)441-4874, (978)454-5412, E-mail: jsilk@gltech.org, Web Site: http://www.gltech.org/gltwelcome.htm. Public. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Varies with Program. Tuition: $3,650 LPN program; $2,650 allied medical. Enrollment: men 30, women 100. Degrees awarded: Certificate, Diploma. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Allied Health Occupations (900 Hr); Nursing, Practical (1 Yr)

WALTHAM

Bentley College

175 Forest St., Waltham, MA 02452. Business. Founded 1917. Contact: Kenton W. Rinehart, Dir. of Undergraduate Admissions, (781)891-2000, (781)891-2244, 800-523-2354, E-mail: ugadmission@bentley.edu, Web Site: http://www.bentley.edu. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing available. Term: Semester. Tuition: $28,390; $10,170 room and board. Enrollment: men 2,400, women 1,600. Degrees awarded: Diploma. Accreditation: AACSB. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Business Administration

Blaine The School - Waltham

314 Moody St., Waltham, MA 02453. Cosmetology, Trade and Technical. Founded 1984. Contact: Henri R. Blaine, Coo, (781)899-1500, 800-627-6544, E-mail: apply@blainebeautyschools.com, Web Site: http://www.blainebeautyschools.com. Private. Coed. HS diploma not required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing available. Term: Hour. Tuition: $10,400. Enrollment: men 3, women 130. Degrees awarded: Associate, Certificate. Accreditation: NACCAS. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Cosmetology (1000-1500H); Esthetician (300-600 Hr)

WATERTOWN

Cass School of Floral Design

531 Mt. Auburn St., Watertown, MA 02472-4150. Trade and Technical. Founded 1982. Contact: Faith Cass, Dir., (617)926-2277, 800-920-1222, Fax: (617)924-2277, E-mail: info@cassflowers.com, Web Site: http://cassflowers.com. Private. Coed. HS diploma not required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Varies with Program. Tuition: $795 day course; $895 evening course. Enrollment: Total 20. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Handicapped facilities not available. Curriculum: Floristry (3-8 Wk)

Muscular Therapy Institute (Cortiva Institute)

103 Morse St., Watertown, MA 02472. Trade and Technical. Founded 1974. Contact: Joleene Barren, Dir. of Admissions, (617)668-1000, (866)CORTIVA, E-mail: info@cortiva.edu, Web Site: http://www.cortiva.edu; Jessica Lydon, Admissions Assoc., Web Site: http://www.cortiva.com/locations/mti/about/RequestInfo.html?SchoolId=11. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Semester. Tuition: $13,900. Enrollment: Total 300. Degrees awarded: Certificate, Diploma. Accreditation: COMTA. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities not available. Curriculum: Massage Therapy (12-17 Mo)

New England Fuel Inst. Ed. Foundation, Inc.

20 Summer St., Watertown, MA 02471-9137. Trade and Technical. Founded 1952. Contact: Michael S. Markarian, VP, Education Foundation, (617)924-1000, Web Site: http://www.nefi.com. Private. Coed. HS diploma not required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Varies with Program. Tuition: Varies. Enrollment: Total 300. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid not available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Air Conditioning (96 Hr); Gas Technology (80 Hr); Hazardous Waste Technology; Oil Heat Technology (4 Wk); Refrigeration Technology (4 Hr)

WELLESLEY

The Travel Institute

148 Linden St., Ste. 305, Wellesley, MA 02482. Trade and Technical. Founded 1964. Contact: Rich W. Metzger, (781)237-0280, 800-542-4282, Fax: (781)237-3860, E-mail: rmetzger@thetravelinstitute.com, info@thetravelinstitute.com, Web Site: http://www.thetravelinstitute.com. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Term: Varies with Program. Tuition: Varies. Enrollment: Total 12,000. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Accreditation: ACCET. Financial aid available. Curriculum: Travel Agents; Travel & Tourism

WELLESLEY HILLS

Connecticut School of Broadcasting

49 Walnut Park, Wellesley Hills, MA 02481. Trade and Technical. Founded 1964. Contact: Steve Williams, Campus Dir., (781)235-2050, 800-887-2346, E-mail: bostoncsb@aol.com, Web Site: http://www.800tvradio.com. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Week. Tuition: $9940; $50 in fees. Enrollment: Total 20. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid not available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Broadcasting, Nontechnical (8-16 Wk); Radio & Television (8-16 Wk); Television & Radio Production (8-16 Wk)

Massachusetts Bay Community College

50 Oakland St., Wellesley Hills, MA 02481. Two-Year College. Founded 1961. Contact: Ms. Donna M. Raposa, Dir. of Admissions, (781)239-3000, Fax: (781)239-1047, Web Site: http://www.massbay.edu. Public. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Term: Other. Tuition: $119/credit resident; $325/credit non-resident. Enrollment: Total 5,500. Degrees awarded: Certificate, Associate. Accreditation: JRCERT; NLNAC; NCRA; NEASC; CAAHEP; CAPTE. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Accounting, General (1-2 Yr); Art (1 Yr); Automotive Technology (2 Yr); Biological Technology (2 Yr); Building Material Management (2 Yr); Business Administration (2 Yr); Business, General Office (2 Yr); Chemical Technology (2 Yr); Child Care & Guidance (1 Yr); Computer Aided Drafting (1 Yr); Computer Information Science (2 Yr); Computer Science (2 Yr); Court Reporting (2 Yr); Criminal Justice (2 Yr); Drafting, Engineering (2 Yr); Early Childhood Education (1-2 Yr); Electronics Technology (2 Yr); Engineering (2 Yr); Environmental Technology (2 Yr); Finance (1 Yr); Hospitality (2 Yr); Human Services (2 Yr); Information Sciences Technology (1-2 Yr); Interior Design (1 Yr); Laser Technology (1-2 Yr); Management (1 Yr); Marine Technology (2 Yr); Marketing (1 Yr); Mechanical Engineering (2 Yr); Nursing, Practical (1 Yr); Nursing, Vocational (2 Yr); Occupational Therapy (2 Yr); Paralegal (2 Yr); Paramedic (1 Yr); Physical Therapy Aide (2 Yr); Radiologic Technology (2 Yr); Real Estate, Basic (1 Yr); Respiratory Therapy (1 Yr); Small Business Management (1 Yr); Surgical Technology (2 Yr); Telecommunications Technology (2 Yr); Theatre Arts (2 Yr)

WEST BARNSTABLE

Cape Cod Community College

2240 Iyanough Rd., West Barnstable, MA 02668-1599. Two-Year College. Founded 1961. Contact: Susan Kline Symington, Dir. of Admissions, (508)362-2131, (508)362-4310, 877-846-3672, E-mail: sklinesy@capecod.edu, info@capecod.edu, Web Site: http://www.capecod.mass.edu. Public. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Semester. Tuition: full-time: $3,660/year resident, $9,840 non-resident; part-time: $122/credit resident, $328/credit non-resident. Enrollment: Total 4,205. Degrees awarded: Certificate, Associate. Accreditation: ADA; NLNAC; NEASC. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Accounting, General (2 Yr); Business Administration (2 Yr); Business Management (2 Yr); Computer Information Science (2 Yr); Computer Science; Computer Science - Terminal Operation (2 Yr); Construction Technology; Criminal Justice (2 Yr); Culinary Arts; Customer Service; Dental Hygiene (2 Yr); Desktop Publishing; Early Childhood Education (2 Yr); Engineering (2 Yr); Environmental Technology (2 Yr); Fire Science (2 Yr); Food Preparation & Service; Geriatric Care; Health Aide; Horticulture, Ornamental; Hotel & Restaurant Management (2 Yr); Nurse, Assistant; Nursing, R.N. (2 Yr); Office Administration (2 Yr); Office Technology (2 Yr); Paralegal; Paramedic; Physical Therapy Aide (2 Yr); Real Estate, Basic; Retail Management (2 Yr); Water & Waste Water Pollution Technology

WEST ROXBURY

Bojack Academy of Beauty Culture

47 Spring St., West Roxbury, MA 02132. Cosmetology, Other. Founded 1959. Contact: Jack Morrissey, Owner, (617)323-0844, E-mail: info@bojackacademy.com, Web Site: http://bojackacademy.com. Private. Coed. HS diploma not required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Varies with Program. Tuition: $1,450-$9,050. Enrollment: men 10, women 55. Degrees awarded: Diploma, Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Handicapped facilities not available. Curriculum: Cosmetology (1000 Hr); Esthetician (300 Hr); Manicurist (3-6 Wk)

WEST SPRINGFIELD

Boston Bartenders School of America (West Springfield)

218 Memorial Ave., West Springfield, MA 01089. Trade and Technical. Founded 1976. Contact: William Green, (413)747-9888, E-mail: bbsspfld@bostonbartender.com, Web Site: http://www.bostonbartender.com. Private. Coed. HS diploma not required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Varies with Program. Tuition: $495. Enrollment: Total 100. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities not available. Curriculum: Bartending (35 Hr)

Kay Harvey Academy of Hair Design

11 Central St., West Springfield, MA 01089. Cosmetology. Contact: Lois Wroble, Chief administration, (413)732-7117, Web Site: http://labaronacademy.com. Private. Coed. Housing not available. Term: Other. Tuition: $8,100 plus $735 books and supplies for cosmetology; $880 plus $441 books and supplies for nail technology. Enrollment: Total 59. Degrees awarded: Certificate, Associate. Accreditation: NACCAS. Curriculum: Cosmetology (1000 Hr); Nail Technology (100 Hr)

WESTBORO

Spa Tech Institute-Westboro

227 Turnpike Rd., Ste. 1, Westboro, MA 01581. Cosmetology. Founded 1976. Contact: Augie Favazza, Dir., (508)836-8864, E-mail: infoipma@spatechmail.com, Web Site: http://www.spatech.edu; Theresa Favazza, Dir., Web Site: http://www.spatech.edu/dev/info_request2.htm. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Varies with Program. Tuition: $10,250; $1,015 books and supplies. Enrollment: Total 48. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Accreditation: NACCAS. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Curriculum: Esthetician (300-600 Hr); Fitness Management (660 Hr); Massage Therapy (600 Hr)

WESTBOROUGH

Harris Real Estate School (Westborough)

Coldwell-Banker/Hunneman, 95A Turnpike Rd., Westborough, MA 01581. Other. Contact: Barbara Epstein, (508)366-8766, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

WESTFIELD

Harris Real Estate School (Westfield)

ERA-Classics, 81 Broad St., Westfield, MA 01085. Other. Contact: Shelly Webber, (413)562-7681, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

WESTFORD

Harris Real Estate School (Westford)

Exit-Advantage Realty, 270 Littleton Rd., Westford, MA 01886. Other. (978)392-9585, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

WESTPORT

Harris Real Estate School (Westport)

American Dream Realty, 35 State Rd., Westport, MA 02790-0692. Other. (508)678-9011, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

WEYMOUTH

Sinnott School, Inc.

210 Winter St., Ste. 204, Weymouth, MA 02188. Trade and Technical. Founded 1985. Contact: Nora Gunn, Training Dir., (781)331-6769, Fax: (781)340-7598, E-mail: info@sinnottschool.com, Web Site: http://www.sinnottschool.com. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students not accepted. Housing not available. Term: Varies with Program. Tuition: $300 to $2,490 depending on program. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Computer Operations (1 Wk); Microcomputers (1 Wk); Office Technology (6 Mo)

Steam Engineering Institute

PO Box 69, Weymouth, MA 02188. Trade and Technical, Correspondence. Founded 1981. Contact: Paul G. Logan, Founder, (781)843-2418, E-mail: plogan@steamsei.com, steamsei@aol.com, Web Site: http://www.steamsei.com. Private. Coed. HS diploma not required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Semester. Tuition: $400-$600. Enrollment: Total 250. Degrees awarded: Certificate, Diploma. Financial aid not available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities not available. Curriculum: Engineering, Steam (15-22 Wk)

WHITINSVILLE

Harris Real Estate School (Whitinsville)

Prudential Prime-DeVries, 1029 Providence Rd., Whitinsville, MA 01588. Other.(508)234-6441, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

WINTHROP

Harris Real Estate School (Winthrop)

Ocean Realty, 44 Woodside Ave., Winthrop, MA 02152. Other.(617)846-1111, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

WOBURN

Catherine Hinds Institute of Esthetics

300 Wildwood Ave., Woburn, MA 01801. Cosmetology. Founded 1979. Contact: Valerie Sclafani, Admissions Representative, (781)935-3344, Fax: (781)932-6215, E-mail: vsclafani@catherinehinds.edu, Web Site: http://catherinehinds.com/; Annmarie Condon Teta, Admissions Asst., E-mail: acondon@catherinehinds.edu. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Tuition: $5,623 to $14,999. Enrollment: men 2, women 256. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Accreditation: ACCSCT. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Beauty (300-1200 H)

ITT Technical Institute (Woburn)

10 Forbes Rd., Woburn, MA 01801. Trade and Technical.(781)937-8324, 800-430-5097, Web Site: http://www.itt-tech.edu; Web Site: http://www.itttech.edu/contact/form.cfm. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Quarter. Tuition: $14,196 per year. Enrollment: Total 318. Degrees awarded: Associate. Accreditation: ACICS. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Computer Aided Drafting & Design (96 Credits); Computer Networking (96 Credits); Electrical Engineering Technology (96 Credits); Multimedia Design (96 Credits); Software Development/Engineering (96 Credits); Web Development (96 Credits)

Peterson's School of Steam Engineering

25 Montvale Ave., Woburn, MA 01801. Trade and Technical. Founded 1946. Contact: Wendy Pignone, (781)938-5656, Fax: (781)932-6864, E-mail: leah@petersonschool.com, Web Site: http://www.petersonschool.com. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Varies with Program. Tuition: $360-$5,900. Degrees awarded: Diploma. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid not available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Boiler, Hot Water Steam (72 Hr); Electricity, Apprenticeship (60 Hr); Heating Technology (120 Hr); Maintenance, Building (60 Hr); Oil Heat Technology (150 Hr); Plumbing (150 Hr); Refrigeration Technology (120 Hr); Water & Waste Water Pollution Technology (30 Hr)

WORCESTER

Bancroft School of Massage Therapy

333 Shrewsbury St., Worcester, MA 01604. Allied Medical. Founded 1950. Contact: Judie Morin, (508)757-7923, Fax: (508)791-5930, E-mail: jmorin@bancroftsmt.com, Web Site: http://www.bancroftsmt.com; Theresa Gagnon, Director of Animal Programs, E-mail: timerb1@msn.com. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Other. Tuition: $12,975; $3,950, small animal certificate program. Enrollment: men 80, women 220. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Accreditation: ACCSCT. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Massage Therapy (7-12 Mo)

Becker College (Worcester)

61 Sever St., Worcester, MA 01609. Other. Founded 1887. Contact: Elaine M. Lapomardo, VP Enrollment Mangement, (508)791-9241, 877-523-2537, Fax: (508)890-1500, E-mail: lapomardo@beckercollege.edu, admissions@beckercollege.edu, Web Site: http://www.beckercollege.edu. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing available. Term: Semester. Tuition: $18,000/yr.; $8,000/yr. room and board. Enrollment: Total 1,660. Degrees awarded: Associate. Accreditation: NEASC; APTA; NLNAC. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Accounting, General (2 Yr); Administrative Assistant (2 Yr); Business Administration (2 Yr); Criminal Justice; Early Childhood Education; Fashion Merchandising (2 Yr); Graphic Arts; Hotel & Motel Management; Interior Design (2 Yr); Management (2 Yr); Marketing (2 Yr); Nursing, R.N.; Occupational Therapy Assistant (2 Yr); Paralegal (2 Yr); Physical Therapy Aide (2 Yr); Retail Management (2 Yr); Secretarial, Executive (2 Yr); Secretarial, General (2 Yr); Secretarial, Legal (2 Yr); Travel & Tourism (2 Yr)

Harris Real Estate School (Worcester)

Coldwell-Banker, 60 Shrewsbury St., Worcester, MA 01604-4625. Other. Contact: Betty Anderson, (508)756-1203, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

Harris Real Estate School (Worcester)

Julie Truong Realty, 509 Park Ave., Worcester, MA 01604. Other.(508)791-8600, (978)948-5578, Web Site: http://www.harrisrealestateschool.com. Private. Coed. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Hour. Degrees awarded: Certificate. Financial aid not available. Placement service not available. Curriculum: Real Estate Broker (30 Hr); Real Estate Sales License (24 Hr)

Quinsigamond Community College

670 W. Boylston St., Worcester, MA 01606. Two-Year College. Founded 1963. Contact: Tara Fitzgerald-Jenkins, Interim Dean/Enrollment & Student Svcs., (508)853-2300, (508)854-4249, E-mail: tarafj@qcc.mass.edu, admissions@qcc.mass.edu, Web Site: http://www.qcc.mass.edu. Public. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Semester. Tuition: $120/credit MA resident; $326/credit non-resident. Enrollment: Total 13,000. Degrees awarded: Certificate, Associate. Accreditation: JRCRTE; ADA; CAAHEP; JRCERT; NLNAC; NEASC. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Accounting, General; Administrative Assistant (2 Yr); Automotive Technology (2 Yr); Biological Technology; Business; Business Administration (2 Yr); Computer Information Science; Computer Servicing - Theory & Systems (2 Yr); Criminal Justice (2 Yr); Dental Hygiene (2 Yr); Early Childhood Education (2 Yr); Electronics Technology (2 Yr); Emergency Medical Technology; Engineering (2 Yr); English As A Second Language; Environmental Health; Fire Science (2 Yr); Graphic Design (2 Yr); Health Technology; Hotel & Motel Management (2 Yr); Human Services (2 Yr); Occupational Therapy Assistant (2 Yr); Office Administration; Paramedic (2 Yr); Radiologic Technology (2 Yr); Respiratory Therapy (2 Yr); Secretarial, Executive; Secretarial, Legal; Secretarial, Medical; Small Business Management; Travel Agents; Visual Communications

Rob Roy Academy (Worcester)

150 Pleasant St., Worcester, MA 01609. Cosmetology, Barber. Founded 1979. Contact: Sue Derosier, Dir. of Schools, (508)799-2111, 888-877-2111, Fax: (508)363-3867, E-mail: info@rob-roy.com, Web Site: http://www.robroy.com; Lisa Purretta, Asst. Dir. of Schools. Private. Coed. HS diploma not required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Varies with Program. Tuition: $3,485-$9,750. Enrollment: Total 150. Degrees awarded: Diploma. Accreditation: NACCAS. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Barbering (500-1000Hr); Cosmetology (350-1000Hr); Esthetician (350 Hr); Manicurist (350 Hr)

Salter School (Worcester)

155 Ararat St., Worcester, MA 01606-3450. Business. Founded 1937. Contact: Peter J. MacDonald, (508)853-1074, Web Site: http://www.salterschool.com. Private. Coed. HS diploma required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Semester. Tuition: Varies. Enrollment: men 100, women 300. Degrees awarded: Diploma. Accreditation: ACICS. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service available. Handicapped facilities not available. Curriculum: Computer Repair (6 Mo); Electronics Technology (1 Yr); Medical Assistant (1 Yr); Office Administration (3 Mo); Secretarial, Executive (9 Mo); Secretarial, General (6 Mo); Secretarial, Legal (9 Mo); Secretarial, Medical (9 Mo); Word Processing (6 Mo)

Worcester Art Museum School

55 Salisbury St., Worcester, MA 01609. Art. Founded 1896. Contact: Marcia Lagerwey, (508)799-4406, E-mail: educationdesk@worcesterart.org, Web Site: http://www.worcesterart.org/Education/. Private. Coed. HS diploma not required. Out-of-state students accepted. Housing not available. Term: Semester. Tuition: Varies. Enrollment: Total 300. Approved: Vet. Admin. Financial aid available. Placement service not available. Handicapped facilities available. Curriculum: Computer Graphics; Design; Drawing; Painting; Photography; Printing; Sculpture; Writing

College Blue Book

Massachusetts

views updated Jun 08 2018

Massachusetts

5 Environmental Protection

22 Domesticated Animals

34 Libraries and Museums

35 Communications

36 Press

37 Tourism, Travel & Recreation

38 Sports

39 Famous Bay Staters

40 Bibliography

Commonwealth of Massachusetts

ORIGIN OF STATE NAME: Derived from the name of the Massachusett Native American tribe that lived on Massachusetts Bay; the name is thought to mean “at or about the Great Hill.”

NICKNAME : The Bay State.

CAPITAL: Boston.

ENTERED UNION: 6 February 1788 (6th).

OFFICIAL SEAL: Same as the coat of arms, with the inscription Sigillum Reipublicæ Massachusettensis (Seal of the Republic of Massachusetts).

FLAG: The coat of arms on a white field.

MOTTO: Ense petit placidam sub libertate quietem (By the sword we seek peace, but peace only under liberty).

SONG: “All Hail to Massachusetts;” “Massachusetts” (folksong).

FLOWER: Mayflower (ground laurel).

TREE: American elm.

ANIMAL: Right whale (marine mammal); morgan horse (horse).

BIRD: Chickadee.

FISH: Cod.

INSECT: Ladybug.

DOG: Boston terrier.

GEM: Rhodonite.

FOSSIL: Theropod dinosaur tracks.

MINERAL: Babingtonite.

ROCK OR STONE: Roxbury puddingstone; granite; Plymouth Rock (historical rock).

BEVERAGE: Cranberry juice.

LEGAL HOLIDAYS: New Year’s Day, 1 January; Birthday of Martin Luther King Jr., 3rd Monday in January; Washington’s Birthday, 3rd Monday in February; Patriots’ Day, 3rd Monday in April; Memorial Day, last Monday in May; Independence Day, 4 July; Labor Day, 1st Monday in September; Columbus Day, 2nd Monday in October; Veterans Day, 11 November; Thanksgiving Day, appointed by the governor, customarily the 4th Thursday in November; Christmas Day, 25 December. Legal holidays in Suffolk County include Evacuation Day, 17 March; and Bunker Hill Day, 17 June.

TIME: 7 AM EST = noon GMT.

1 Location and Size

Located in the northeastern United States, Massachusetts is the fourth largest of the six New England states. It ranks 45th in size among the 50 states. The total area of Massachusetts is 8,284 square miles (21,456 square kilometers), of which land comprises 7,824 square miles (20,265 square kilometers) and inland water occupies 460 square miles (1,191 square kilometers). Massachusetts extends about 190 miles (306 kilometers) east-west and 110 miles (177 kilometers) north-south. Two important islands lie south of the state’s fishhook-shaped Cape Cod peninsula: Martha’s Vineyard and Nantucket. The Elizabeth Islands, southwest of Cape Cod and northwest of Martha’s Vineyard, consist of 16 small islands separating Buzzards Bay from Vineyard Sound. The total boundary length of Massachusetts is 515 miles (829 kilometers), including a general coastline of 192 miles (309 kilometers).

2 Topography

Massachusetts is divided into four topographical regions: coastal lowlands, interior lowlands, dissected uplands, and residuals of ancient mountains. The coastal lowlands extend about 30–50 miles (48–80 kilometers) inland from the Atlantic Ocean and include Cape Cod and the offshore islands. The northern shoreline of the state is characterized by rugged high slopes, but at the southern end, along Cape Cod, the ground is flatter and covered with grassy heaths.

The Connecticut River Valley, characterized by red sandstone, curved ridges, meadows, and good soil, is the main feature of west-central Massachusetts. East of the Connecticut River

Massachusetts Population Profile

Total population estimate in 2006:	6,437,193
Population change, 2000–06:	1.4%
Hispanic or Latino†:	7.9%
Population by race
One race:	98.6%
White:	83.4%
Black or African American:	5.9%
American Indian /Alaska Native:	0.2%
Asian:	4.7%
Native Hawaiian / Pacific Islander:	0.0%
Some other race:	4.4%
Two or more races:	1.4%

Population by Age Group

Major Cities by Population
City	Population	% change 2000–05
Notes: †A person of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race. NA indicates that data are not available.
Sources: U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey and Population Estimates. www.census.gov/ (accessed March 2007).
Boston	559,034	-5.1
Worcester	175,898	1.9
Springfield	151,732	-0.2
Lowell	103,111	-2.0
Cambridge	100,135	-1.2
Brockton	94,632	0.3
New Bedford	93,102	-0.7
Fall River	91,802	-0.1
Quincy	90,250	2.5
Lynn	88,792	-0.3

Valley are the eastern uplands, an extension of the White Mountains of New Hampshire. In western Massachusetts, the Taconic Range and Berkshire Hills (which extend southward from the Green Mountains of Vermont) are characterized by numerous hills and valleys. Mt. Greylock, close to the New York border, is the highest point in the state, at 3,487 feet (1,064 meters).

There are more than 4,230 miles (6,808 kilometers) of rivers in the state. The Connecticut River, the longest, runs southward through west-central Massachusetts. The Deerfield, Westfield, Chicopee, and Millers rivers flow into it. Other rivers of note include the Charles, the Mystic, the Taunton, the Blackstone, the Housatonic, and the Merrimack. Over 1,100 lakes dot the state. The largest, the artificial Quabbin Reservoir in central Massachusetts, covers 24,704 acres (9,997 hectares). The largest natural lake is Assawompset Pond in southern Massachusetts, occupying 2,656 acres (1,075 hectares).

Hilly Martha’s Vineyard is roughly triangular in shape, as is Nantucket Island to the east. The Elizabeth Islands are characterized by broad, grassy plains.

3 Climate

Although Massachusetts is a relatively small state, there are significant climatic differences between its eastern and western sections. The entire state has cold winters and moderately warm summers. The Berkshires in the west have both the coldest winters and the coolest summers. Normal temperatures for Pittsfield in the Berkshires are 21°f (-5°c) in January and 67°f (19°c) in July. The interior lowlands are several degrees warmer in both winter and summer. The coastal sections are the warmest areas of the state. Normal temperatures for Boston are 30°f (-1°c) in January and 74°f (23°c) in July. The record high temperature in the state was 107°f (42°c) registered at Chester and New Bedford ion 2 August 1975. The record low was -35°f (-37°c), registered at Chester on 12 January 1981. Precipitation ranges from 39 to 46 inches (99 to 117 centimeters) annually. The average snowfall for Boston is 40.9 inches (103 centimeters), with the range in the Berkshires considerably higher. Boston’s average wind speed is 13 miles per hour (21 kilometers per hour).

4 Plants and Animals

Maple, birch, beech, hemlock, larch, and other tree species cover the Massachusetts uplands. Common shrubs include rhodora, mountain laurel, and shadbush. Various ferns grow throughout the state. Typical wild flowers include several varieties of orchid, lily, and goldenrod. In 2006, the northeastern bulrush, sandplain gerardia, and small whorled pogonia were listed as threatened or endangered.

Common native mammals include the white-tailed deer, river otter, mink, and porcupine. Among the Bay State’s 336 resident bird species are the mallard, ring-necked pheasant, downy woodpecker, and song sparrow. Native inland fish include brook trout, chain pickerel, and yellow perch. Native amphibians include the Jefferson salamander, red-spotted newt, eastern American toad, gray tree frog, and bullfrog. Common reptiles are the snapping turtle and northern water snake. The Cape Cod coasts are rich in a variety of shellfish, including clams, mussels, shrimps, and oysters. As of 2006, some 20 animal species were classified as threatened or endangered, including the American burying

Massachusetts Population by Race

Census 2000 was the first national census in which the instructions to respondents said, “Mark one or more races.” This table shows the number of people who are of one, two, or three or more races. For those claiming two races, the number of people belonging to the various categories is listed. The U.S. government conducts a census of the population every ten years.

	Number	Percent
Source: U.S. Census Bureau. Census 2000: Redistricting Data. Press release issued by the Redistricting Data Office. Washington, D.C., March, 2001. A dash (—) indicates that the percent is less than 0.1.
Total population	6,349,097	100.0
One race	6,203,092	97.7
Two races	138,177	2.2
White and Black or African American	19,459	0.3
White and American Indian/Alaska Native	12,754	0.2
White and Asian	15,769	0.2
White and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander	1,664	—
White and some other race	48,948	0.8
Black or African American and American Indian/Alaska Native	3,747	0.1
Black or African American and Asian	1,469	—
Black or African American and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander	915	—
Black or African American and some other race	23,362	0.4
American Indian/Alaska Native and Asian	727	—
American Indian/Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander	68	—
American Indian/Alaska Native and some other race	1,330	—
Asian and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander	1,084	—
Asian and some other race	5,395	0.1
Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander and some other race	1,486	—
Three or more races	7,828	0.1

beetle, the bald eagle, puma, shortnose sturgeon, five species of whale, and four species of turtle.

5 Environmental Protection

Since disposal of treated sewage sludge in Boston Harbor was halted in 1991, and with improved sewage treatment, the harbor is now markedly cleaner. In 1988, 10% of the flounder caught in Boston Harbor had liver tumors caused by toxic chemicals. As of 1993, no flounder tested had tumors.

With the adoption of Massachusetts acid rain legislation in 1985, sulfur dioxide output from Massachusetts sources has been cut by 17%. In 2003, Massachusetts had 411 hazardous waste sites listed in the Environmental Protection Agency’s database, 31 of which were on the National Priorities List as of 2006.

6 Population

In 2005, Massachusetts ranked 13th in the United States in population with an estimated total of 6,437,193 residents. In 2004, the population density was 818.2 persons per square mile (315.9 persons per square kilometer), making Massachusetts the third most densely populated state. The median age in 2004 was 38.1. In 2005, about 13% of all residents were 65 or older while about 23% were 18 or younger.

The state’s largest city is Boston, which ranked 24th among the largest US cities in 2005 with a population of 559,034. Other large cities (with their 2005 populations) are Worcester, 175,898, and Springfield, 151,732. More than two-thirds of all state residents live in the Greater Boston area, which had an estimated metropolitan population of 4,424,649 in 2004.

7 Ethnic Groups

According to the 2000 census, there were 343,454 black Americans in Massachusetts, representing 5.4% of the population (that percentage stood at 5.9% in 2006). Blacks constituted more than 25% of Boston’s population. The state also had 428,729 Hispanics and Latinos, predominantly of Puerto Rican and Dominican descent. The total Asian population was estimated at 238,124. Of these, there were 84,392 Chinese, 33,962 Vietnamese, 19,696 Cambodians, 17,369 Koreans, and 10,539 Japanese. Pacific Islanders numbered 2,489. The Native American population, including Eskimos and Aleuts, totaled 15,015. Cape Cod has settlements of Portuguese fishermen, as does New Bedford. As of 2000, the largest groups of people claiming a single ancestry were the Irish (about 22.5% of the population), Italians (13.5%), English (11.4%), French (8%), Polish (5.1%), and Portuguese (4.4%). Also in 2000, about 772,983 residents, or 12.2% of the state’s population, were foreign-born.

8 Languages

Massachusetts English is generally classified as Northern, but early migration up the Connecticut River created special variations within the eastern half of the state. Eastern Massachusetts speakers are likely to have the /ah/ sound in the beginning of orange and to pronounce on and fog with the same vowel as in form. A few place-names—such as Massachusetts itself, Chicopee, and Naukeag—are borrowed from the Algonkian-speaking Native American tribes. In 2000, 81.3% of the population five years of age or older spoke only English at home. Other principal languages spoken at home, and number of speakers, were Spanish, 370,011; Portuguese, 159,809; French, 84,484; Chinese, 71,412; and Italian, 59,811.

9 Religions

As of 2004, there were 3,033,367 Roman Catholics in Massachusetts, representing nearly half of the total population. The Roman Catholic Church faced a challenge in the early 2000s, and Cardinal Bernard F. Law, Archbishop of Boston, was among top church officials affected. Law stepped down as archbishop in December 2002 after widespread criticism of his handling of charges that priests sexually abused children and allegations of cover-ups.

The largest Protestant denominations were the United Church of Christ, with 89,264 adherents in 2005; the Episcopal Church, 98,963 in 2000; the American Baptists (USA), 52,716 (2000); and the United Methodist Church, 64,028 (2000). The second largest religious affiliation is Judaism, with about 275,000 adherents in 2000. The Muslim population the same year was about 41,497 people. There were about 57 Buddhist congregations and 20 Hindu congregations throughout the state. About 35% of the population did not specify a religious affiliation.

Although small, the Church of Christ, Scientist is significant to the state’s history. Its first house of worship was founded in 1879 in Boston by Mary Baker Eddy, who, four years earlier, had published the Christian Science textbook, Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures. In Boston, the church continues to publish an influential newspaper, the Christian Science Monitor.

10 Transportation

The first rail line in the United States, a three-mile (five-kilometer) stretch from the Neponset River to the granite quarries in Quincy, was built in 1826. The first steam railroad in New England, connecting Boston and Lowell, was completed seven years later. As of 2003, 10 railroads transported freight through Massachusetts. That year, the state had 1,255 rail miles (2,020 kilometers) of railroad. As of 2006, Boston was the northern terminus of Amtrak’s Northeast Corridor, linking New England with Washington, DC, via New York City and Philadelphia. East–west service from Boston to Chicago is also provided by Amtrak.

Commuter service is coordinated by the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA), formed in 1964 to consolidate bus, commuter rail, high-speed trolley, and subway services to the 79 cities and towns in the Greater Boston area. The Boston subway, which began operation in 1897, is the oldest subway system in the United States. Boston also is one of the few cities in the country with an operating trolley system. About 40% of all Bostonians commute to work by public transportation, the second-highest percentage in the nation, following New York City.

In 2004, 35,783 miles (57,610 kilometers) of public roadways crisscrossed the state. The major highways, which extend from and through Boston like the spokes of a wheel, include I-95, the Massachusetts Turnpike (I-90), I-93, State Highway 3 to Cape Cod, and State Highway 24 to Fall River. The other major road in the state is I-91, which runs north–south through the Connecticut River Valley. In 2004, about 5,532,000 motor vehicles were registered in the state, of which 3,486,000 were automobiles, approximately 1,898,000 were trucks, and 11,000 were buses. There also were 137,000 motorcycles. The state issued 4,645,857 driver’s licenses in 2004.

Because it is the major American city closest to Europe, Boston is an important shipping center for both domestic and foreign cargo. All port activity of the Port of Boston is under the jurisdiction of the Massachusetts Port Authority, which also operates Logan International Airport and Hanscom Field in Bedford. Other important ports are Fall River and Salem.

There were 76 airports and 137 heliports in Massachusetts in 2005. Logan International, near Boston, is the busiest airport in the state, with 12,758,020 passengers in 2004.

11 History

When English settlers arrived in present-day Massachusetts, they encountered five main Algonkian tribes: the Nauset, a fishing people on Cape Cod; the Wampanoag in the southeast; the Massachusetts in the northeast; the Nipmuc in the central hills; and the Pocumtuc in the west. In the wake of John and Sebastian Cabot’s voyages (1497 and following), fishermen from England, France, Portugal, and Spain began fishing off the Massachusetts coast. Within 50 years, fur trading with the Native Americans was established.

Permanent English settlement, which would ultimately destroy the Algonkian peoples, began in 1620 when a small band of Puritans left their temporary haven at Leiden in the Netherlands to start a colony in the northern part of Virginia lands, near the Hudson River. Their ship, the Mayflower, was blown off course by an Atlantic storm, and they landed on Cape Cod before settling in an abandoned Wampanoag village they called Plymouth. Ten years later, a much larger Puritan group settled the Massachusetts Bay Colony, to the north in Salem. Between 1630 and 1640, about 20,000 English people, chiefly Puritans, settled in Massachusetts with offshoots moving to Connecticut and Rhode Island.

Farming soon overtook fishing and fur trading in economic importance. After the trade in beaver skins was exhausted, the remaining Native American tribes were devastated in King Philip’s War (1675–76). Shipbuilding and Atlantic commerce brought added prosperity to the Massachusetts Bay Colony. In 1692, Massachusetts and the colony of Plymouth were merged under a new charter.

During the 18th century, settlement spread across the entire colony. Boston, the capital, attained a population of 15,000 by 1730. Colonial government provided more advantages than drawbacks for commerce, and supply contracts during the French and Indian War enriched the colony’s economy. But the postwar recession after 1763 was accompanied by a new imperial policy that put pressure on Massachusetts as well as other colonies. From 1765, when Bostonians violently protested the Stamp Act, Massachusetts was in the forefront of the resistance.

By December 1773, when East India Company tea was dumped into Boston harbor to prevent its taxation, most of the colony was committed to resistance. When Parliament retaliated for the Tea Party by closing the port of Boston in 1774, Massachusetts was ready to rebel. Battle began at Lexington and Concord on 19 April 1775. By this time, Massachusetts had the backing of the Continental Congress. For Massachusetts, the battlefield experience of the Revolution was largely confined to 1775, after which the fighting shifted southward.

Statehood Massachusetts entered the Union on 6 February 1788. Federalist policies—supporting a strong central government—were dominant, and they were supported by the Whigs in the 1830s and the Republicans from the late 1850s. This political alignment reflected the importance to the state of national commercial and industrial development, as Massachusetts lacked the resources for strong agricultural development.

At Waltham, Lowell, and Lawrence the first large-scale factories in the United States were erected. Massachusetts became a leader in industries including textiles, metalworking, shoes and leather goods, and shipbuilding. By the 1850s, steam engines and clipper ships were both Bay State products. The industrial development of Massachusetts was accompanied by a literary and intellectual flowering centered in Concord, the home of Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, and a cluster of others who became known as transcendentalists. Abolitionism found some of its chief leaders in Massachusetts.

Post–Civil War In the years following the Civil War, Massachusetts emerged as an urban industrial state. Its population, fed by immigrants from England, Scotland, Germany, and especially Ireland, grew rapidly in the middle decades of the century. Later, between 1880 and 1920, another wave of immigrants came from French Canada, Italy, Russia, Poland, Scandinavia, Portugal, Greece, and Syria. Still later, between 1950 and 1970, black southerners and Puerto Ricans settled in the cities.

The Massachusetts economy, relatively stagnant between 1920 and 1950, revived in the second half of the 20th century through a combination of university talent, investment, a skilled

Massachusetts Governors: 1775–2007

Democratic/Greenbacker – Dem/Green
Democratic Republican – Dem-Rep
National Republican – Nat-Rep
1775–1780	Council of State
1780–1785	John Hancock
1785–1787	James Bowdoin
1787	Thomas Cushing
1787–1793	John Hancock	—
1793–1797	Samuel Adams	Dem-Rep
1797–1799	Increase Sumner	Federalist
1799–1800	Moses Gill	Federalist
1800–1807	Caleb Strong	—
1807–1808	James Sullivan	Dem-Rep
1808–1809	Levi Lincoln	Dem-Rep
1809–1810	Christopher Gore	Federalist
1810–1812	Elbridge Gerry	Dem-Rep
1812–1816	Caleb Strong	Federalist
1816–1823	John Brooks	Federalist
1823–1825	William Eustis	Republican
1825	Marcus Morton	Republican
1825–1834	Levi Lincoln, Jr.	Nat-Rep
1834–1835	John Davis	Whig
1835–1836	Samuel Turell Armstrong	Indep-Whig
1836–1840	Edward Everett	Whig
1840–1841	Marcus Morton	Democrat
1841–1843	John Davis	Whig
1843–1844	Marcus Morton	Democrat
1844–1851	George Nixon Briggs	Whig
1851–1853	George Sewel Boutwell	Democrat
1853–1854	John Henry Clifford	Whig
1854–1855	Emory Washburn	Whig
1855–1858	Henry Joseph Gardner	Know Nothing
1858–1861	Nathaniel Prentice Banks	Republican
1861–1866	John Albion Andrew	Republican
1866–1869	Alexander Hamilton Bullock	Republican
1869–1872	William Clafl in	Republican
1872–1874	William Barrett Washburn	Republican
1874–1875	Thomas Talbot	Republican
1875–1876	William Gaston	Democrat
1876–1879	Alexander Hamilton Rice	Republican
1879–1880	Thomas Talbot	Republican
1880–1883	John Davis Long	Republican
1883–1884	Benjamin Franklin Butler	Dem/Green
1884–1887	George Dexter Robinson	Republican
1887–1890	Oliver Ames	Republican
1890–1891	John Quincy Adams Brackett	Republican
1891–1894	William Eustis Russell	Democrat
1894–1896	Frederic Thomas Greenhalge	Republican
1896–1900	Roger Wolcott	Republican
1900–1903	Winthrop Murray Crane	Republican
1903–1905	John Lewis Bates	Republican
1905–1906	William Lewis Douglas	Democrat
1906–1909	Curtis Guild, Jr.	Republican
1909–1911	Eben Sumner Draper	Republican
1911–1914	Eugene Noble Foss	Democrat
1914–1916	David Ignatius Walsh	Democrat
1916–1919	Samuel Walker McCall	Republican
1919–1921	John Calvin Coolidge	Republican
1921–1925	Channing Harris Cox	Republican
1925–1929	Alvan Tufts Fuller	Republican
1929–1931	Frank G. Allen	Republican
1931–1935	Joseph Buell Ely	Democrat
1935–1937	James Michael Curley	Democrat
1937–1939	Charles Francis Hurley	Democrat
1939–1945	Leverett Saltonstall	Republican
1945–1947	Maurice Joseph Tobin	Democrat
1947–1949	Robert Fiske Bradford	Republican
1949–1953	Paul Andrew Dever	Democrat
1953–1957	Christian Archibald Herter	Republican
1957–1961	Foster Furcolo	Democrat
1961–1963	John Anthony Volpe	Republican
1963–1965	Endicott Peabody	Democrat
1965–1969	John Anthony Volpe	Republican
1969–1975	Francis Williams Sargent	Republican
1975–1979	Michael Stanley Dukakis	Democrat
1979–1983	Edward J. King	Democrat
1983–1991	Michael Stanley Dukakis	Democrat
1991–1996	William Floyd Weld	Republican
1996–2002	Argeo Paul Cellucci	Republican
2002–2006	Mitt Romney	Republican
2006–	Deval L. Patrick	Democrat

work force, and political clout. As the old industries and the mill cities declined, new high-technology manufacturing developed in Boston’s suburbs, led by electronics and defense-related industries. White-collar employment and middle-class suburbs flourished, though run-down mill towns and Yankee dairy farms and orchards still dotted the landscape.

In the 1970s and early 1980s, a revolution in information technology and increased defense

spending fueled a high-technology boom which centered on new manufacturing firms outside Boston along Route 128. Unemployment dropped from 12% in 1978 to 4% in 1987. However, with the beginnings of a nationwide recession in 1989, the Massachusetts economy declined dramatically, losing 14% of its total jobs in three years. The state’s economic woes were increased by the collapse in the late 1980s of risky real estate ventures.

By the mid-1990s, the Massachusetts economy was in the midst of a vigorous upturn, due largely to the strength of its leading industries, including software and mutual funds. In 1998, the state’s per capita (per person) income was the third highest in the nation. In 2004, per capita income was $41,801, second highest in the nation behind Connecticut. Despite that record, the thriving economy came to an abrupt halt in 2001, as the United States entered a recession marked by a large increase in job losses. In 2003, Massachusetts had a $3 billion budget deficit.

In November 2003, the Massachusetts supreme court became the first state supreme court to rule that same-sex marriages were legal. Massachusetts became the first state to legally allow gay marriages to take place on 17 May 2004. A ban on smoking in the workplace, including in bars and restaurants—private clubs and cigar bars excepted—came into effect in July 2004.

Boston’s multibillion-dollar highway project, dubbed the “Big Dig,” was in its final stages in early 2007. However, in July 2006, a ceiling section of a tunnel segment under South Boston collapsed, killing a woman riding as a passenger in a car.

In early 2006, Governor Mitt Romney signed a law that will require all Massachusetts residents to purchase health insurance by 1 July 2007.

12 State Government

The Massachusetts constitution of 15 June 1780 is, according to the state, the oldest written constitution in the world still in effect. As of January 2005, it had been amended 120 times. The legislature of Massachusetts, known as the General Court, is composed of a 40-member senate and 160-member house of representatives, all of whom are elected every two years.

The governor and lieutenant governor are elected jointly every four years. The governor appoints all state and local judges, as well as the heads of the ten executive offices. Other elected officials include the attorney general, secretary of the commonwealth, and treasurer.

To win passage, a bill must gain a majority vote of both houses of the legislature. After a bill is passed, the governor has ten days in which to sign it, return it for reconsideration (usually with amendments), veto it, or refuse to sign it (“pocket veto”). A veto may be overridden by a two-thirds majority in both houses.

The governor’s salary as of December 2004 was $135,000, and the legislative salary was $53,379.93.

13 Political Parties

Democrats have, for the most part, dominated state politics in Massachusetts since 1928, when the state voted for Democratic presidential candidate Alfred E. Smith—the first time the Democrats won a majority in a Massachusetts presidential election. In 1960, John F. Kennedy, who had been a popular US senator from Massachusetts, became the first Roman Catholic president in US history. Since then the state has voted for all Democratic presidential candidates except Republican Ronald Reagan in 1980 and 1984. In 1972, it was the only state carried by Democrat George McGovern. Massachusetts chose its native son, Democratic Governor Michael Dukakis, for president in 1988 and voted again for a Democrat in the next four elections: in 1992 and 1996 Massachusetts elected Bill Clinton, in 2000 voted for Al Gore, and in 2004 state voters gave native son John Kerry 53.4% of the vote to incumbent President George W. Bush’s 44.6%.

In 2004 there were approximately 3,973,000 registered voters. In 1998, 37% of registered voters were Democratic, 13% Republican, and 50% unaffiliated or members of other parties. In 2006, Democrat Deval Patrick was elected governor, the first African-American elected governor of Massachusetts, and only the second in US history. The US Senate seats were held by Democrats Edward (“Ted”) Kennedy and John Kerry in 2006. The US House delegation following the 2006 elections consisted entirely of ten Democrats. Following those elections, the Massachusetts state senate had 35 Democrats and 5 Republicans while the state house of representatives had 141 Democrats and 19 Republicans.

Massachusetts Presidential Vote by Political Parties, 1948–2004

YEAR	MASSACHUSETTS WINNER	DEMOCRAT	REPUBLICAN	SOCIALIST LABOR	PROGRESSIVE
*Won US presidential election.
1948	*Truman (D)	1,151,788	909,370	5,535	38,157
1952	*Eisenhower (R)	1,083,525	1,292,325	1,957	4,636
1956	*Eisenhower (R)	948,190	1,393,197	5,573	—
1960	*Kennedy (D)	1,487,174	976,750	3,892	—
1964	*Johnson (D)	1,786,422	549,727	4,755	—
					AMERICAN IND.
1968	Humphrey (D)	1,469,218	766,844	6,180	87,088
				SOC. WORKERS	AMERICAN
1972	McGovern (D)	1,332,540	1,112,078	10,600	2,877
1976	*Carter (D)	1,429,475	1,030,276	8,138	7,555
				LIBERTARIAN
1980	*Reagan (R)	1,048,562	1,054,213	21,311	—
1984	*Reagan	1,239,600	1,310,936	—	—
					NEW ALLIANCE
1988	Dukakis (D)	1,401,415	1,194,635	24,251	9,561
					IND. (PEROT)
1992	*Clinton (D)	1,318,639	805,039	9,021	630,731
1996	*Clinton (D)	1,571,763	718,107	20,426	227,217
				LIBERTARIAN
2000	Gore (D)	1,616,487	878,502	16,366	173,564
2004	Kerry (D)	1,803,800	1,071,109	15,022	—

Fifty-one women were elected to the state legislature in 2006, or 25.5%.

14 Local Government

As of 2005, Massachusetts had 14 counties, 45 cities, 306 townships, 349 public school districts, and 403 special districts. In most counties, executive authority is vested in commissioners elected to four-year terms. All Massachusetts cities are governed by mayors and city councils. Towns are governed by selectmen, who are usually elected to either one or two-year terms. Town meetings—a carryover from the colonial period—still take place regularly. By state law, to be designated a city, a place must have at least 12,000 residents. Towns with more than 6,000 inhabitants may hold representative town meetings that are limited to elected officials.

15 Judicial System

The supreme judicial court, composed of a chief justice and six other justices, is the highest court in the state. It has appeals jurisdiction in matters of law and also advises the governor and legislature on legal questions. The superior courts, actually the highest level of trial court, have a chief justice and 79 other justices. These courts hear law, equity, civil, and criminal cases, and make the final determination in matters of fact. The appeals court, consisting of a chief justice and 13 other justices, hears appeals of decisions by district and municipal courts.

Other court systems in the state include the land court, probate and family court, housing court, and juvenile court. Massachusetts had a total violent crime rate (murder, rape, robbery, aggravated assault) of 458.8 reported cases per 100,000 inhabitants in 2004. That year, crimes against property (burglary, larceny/ theft, and motor vehicle theft) totaled 2,459.7 reported incidents per 100,000 people. As of 31 December 2004, there were 10,144 prisoners in state and federal correctional institutions in Massachusetts. Massachusetts does not have a death penalty.

16 Migration

Massachusetts was founded by the migration of English religious groups to its shores and for over a century their descendants dominated all activity in the state. The first non-English to enter Massachusetts in significant numbers were the Irish, who migrated in vast numbers during the 1840s and 1850s. Other ethnic groups—such as the Scottish, Welsh, Germans, and Poles—were also entering the state at this time. During the late 1880s and 1890s, another wave of immigrants—from Portugal, Spain, Italy, Russia, and Greece—arrived. Irish and Italians continued to enter the state during the 20th century.

The only significant migration from other areas of the United States to Massachusetts has been the influx of southern blacks since World War II. According to census estimates, between 1990 and 1998, the black population grew from 300,000 to 395,000 persons, mostly in the Boston area.

Between 1990 and 1998, the state had a net loss of 237,000 in domestic migration and a net gain of 135,000 in international migration. In the period 2000–05, net international migration was 162,674 and net internal migration was -236,415, for a net loss of 73,741 people.

17 Economy

From its beginnings as a farming and seafaring colony, Massachusetts became one of the most industrialized states in the country in the late 19th century and, more recently, a leader in the manufacture of high-technology products. Fueled in part by a dramatic increase in the Pentagon’s budget that focused on sophisticated weaponry, as well as by significant advances in information technology, high-technology companies rose up around the outskirts of Boston in the 1970s and early 1980s. Wholesale and retail trade, transportation, and public utilities also prospered.

In the late 1980s, the boom ended. The minicomputer industry failed to innovate at the same pace as its competitors as the market became increasingly crowded, and defense contractors suffered from cuts in military spending. Between 1988 and 1991, jobs in both high-technology and non-high technology manufacturing declined by 17%. In addition, the early 1980s had also seen the rise of real estate ventures which collapsed at the end of the decade when the market became saturated. Unemployment rose to 9% in 1991. The economy recovered in the 1990s, as several banks started new lending programs; unemployment was 4% in 1997. Massachusetts benefited from the information technology (IT) and stock market booms of the 1990s. However, Massachusetts was the hardest hit among New England economies in the collapse of the “dot.com” bubble in the national recession of 2001.

As of 2004, real estate accounted for largest portion of gross state product (GSP), at 13.6% of GSP, followed by manufacturing (10.9% of GSP), and healthcare and social assistance (8.2% of GSP). GSP in 2004 was approximately $317.8 billion.

18 Income

In 2005, Massachusetts had a gross state product (GSP) of $329 billion, 13th highest in the nation. In 2004, Massachusetts ranked third among the 50 states and the District of Columbia with a per capita (per person) income of $42,176. The three-year average median household income for 2002–04 was $52,354, compared to the national average of $44,473. For the period 2002–04, an estimated 9.8% of the state’s residents lived below the federal poverty level, as compared to 12.4% nationwide.

19 Industry

Massachusetts is an important manufacturing center. Significant concentrations of industrial machinery employment are in Attleboro, Wilmington, Worcester, and the Springfield area. Much of the manufacturing industry is located along Route 128. This is a superhighway that circles Boston, from Gloucester in the north to Quincy in the south, and is unique in its concentration of high-technology enterprises.

The state’s future as a manufacturing center depends on its continued preeminence in the production of computers, optical equipment, and other sophisticated instruments. Among the major computer manufacturers in the state are Digital Equipment Corporation in Maynard, and Data General in Westboro.

In 2004, the value of all products manufactured in the state was $76.5 billion. Of that total, computer and electronic product manufacturing accounted for $20.7 billion, followed by chemical manufacturing at $9.25 billion, food manufacturing at $6.05 billion, and fabricated metal product manufacturing at $5.8 billion.

20 Labor

In April 2006, the civilian labor force in Massachusetts numbered 3,338,600, with approximately 163,900 workers unemployed, yielding an unemployment rate of 4.9%, compared to the national average of 4.7% for the same period. As of April 2006, 4.4% of the labor force was employed in construction; 9.4% in manufacturing; 17.7% in trade, transportation, and public utilities; 6.9% in financial activities; 14.5% in professional and business services; 18.4% in education and health services; 9.1% in leisure and hospitality services; and 12.7% in government.

Some of the earliest unionization efforts took place in Massachusetts in the early 1880s, particularly in the shipbuilding and construction trades. However, the most important trade unions to evolve were those in the state’s textile and shoe industries. After the turn of the century, the state suffered a severe decline in manufacturing, and employers sought to cut wages to make up for lost profits. This resulted in a number of strikes by both the United Textile Workers and the Boot and Shoe Workers Union. The largest strike of the era was at Lawrence in 1912, when textile workers (led by a radical labor group, the Industrial Workers of the World) closed the mills, and the mayor called in troops in an attempt to reopen them. Although the textile and shoe businesses are no longer major employers in the state, the United Shoe Workers of America, the Brotherhood of Shoe and Allied Craftsmen, the United Textile Workers, and the Leather Workers International Union of America have their headquarters in Massachusetts.

Massachusetts was one of the first states to enact child labor laws. Massachusetts was also the first state to enact minimum wage guidelines (1912). In 2005, some 402,000 of the state’s 2,886,000 employed wage and salary workers were members of unions. This represented 13.9% of those so employed. The national average was 12%.

21 Agriculture

As of 2004, there were 6,100 farms in Massachusetts, covering 520,000 acres (210,000 hectares). Farming was mostly limited to the western Massachusetts counties of Hampshire, Franklin, and Berkshire, and southern Bristol County. Total agricultural income for 2005 was estimated at $390 million (47th of the 50 states), of which crops provided 76%. Although the state is not a major farming area, it is the second-largest producer of cranberries in the United States, after Wisconsin. Cranberry production for 2004 was 180.4 million pounds (81.8 million kilograms), about 28% of the US total. Other crops include corn for silage, hay, and tobacco.

22 Domesticated Animals

Massachusetts is not a major producer of livestock. The state had 48,000 cattle and calves, worth around $52.8 million in 2005, and an estimated 12,000 hogs and pigs worth $1.3 million in 2004. Also during 2003, poultry farmers sold 863,000 pounds (392,000 kilograms) of chickens, and the state produced an estimated 73 million eggs, worth around $4.8 million. An estimated 19,000 milk cows produced 332 million pounds (151 million kilograms) of milk in 2003. During 2003, the state produced around 1.8 million pounds (0.8 million kilograms) of turkeys worth $2.7 million.

23 Fishing

The fishing ports of New Bedford and Gloucester were among the busiest in the United States in 2004. New Bedford ranked first in the nation in catch value at $206.5 million and seventh in the nation for catch volume at 175.1 million pounds (79.6 million kilograms). Gloucester was 12th in the nation in catch value ($42.7 million) and 10th in volume (113.3 million pounds/51.5 million kilograms).

In 2004, Massachusetts ranked second in the nation for total commercial catch value at $326.1 million. The total catch volume that year was 336.9 million pounds (153.1 million kilograms). The quahog catch of 14.1 million pounds (6.4 million kilograms) was the second largest in the nation. The lobster catch was also the second largest with 11.3 million pounds (5.1 million kilograms), valued at $51.5 million. Massachusetts was the leading producer of sea scallops with 28.1 million pounds (12.8 million kilograms). In 2003, there were 232 fish processing and wholesale plants with an annual average of 4,504 employees in the state. The commercial fleet had about 5,235 boats and vessels in 2001.

The state’s long shoreline and many rivers make sport fishing a popular pastime for both deep-sea and freshwater fishermen. In 2004, there were 203,139 fishing license holders.

24 Forestry

Forestry is a minor industry in the state. Forested lands cover about 3,126,000 acres (1,265,000 hectares), 76% of which are private lands. Wooded areas lost to urbanization in recent years have been offset by the conversion of inactive agricultural areas into forests. Red oak and white ash are found in the west. Specialty products include maple syrup and Christmas trees. The wood and paper products industries require more pulp than the state currently produces.

25 Mining

The value of nonfuel mineral production in Massachusetts 2003 was estimated at $186 million. Crushed stone and construction sand and gravel are the state’s two leading mineral commodities. According to preliminary figures, in 2003 there were an estimated 13.2 million metric tons of crushed stone and 111.4 million metric tons of sand and gravel produced. Other mineral commodities produced include common clay, lime, and peat; industrial sand and gravel; and dimension stone. Nationally, the state ranked fifth in dimension stone in 2003. Industrial minerals processed or manufactured in the state include abrasives, graphite, gypsum, perlite, and vermiculite.

26 Energy and Power

In 2000, the state’s total per capita energy consumption was 271 million Btu (68.3 million kilo-calories), ranking it 42nd among the 50 states. In 2003, about 48.38 billion kilowatt hours of electric power (utility and nonutility) were generated in state and total installed capacity was over 13.87 million kilowatts. Almost all generating capacity in the state is privately owned.

As of 2006, Massachusetts had one operating nuclear plant, the single-unit Pilgrim plant in Plymouth. There are also four pumped-storage hydroelectric plants and 45 conventional hydroelectric generators. Boston Edison supplies electricity to the city of Boston. The rest of the state is served by 13 other companies, although a few municipalities do generate their own power. Power companies are regulated by the Department of Public Utilities, which establishes rates and monitors complaints from customers.

Massachusetts has no proven oil or coal reserves. Oil exploration off the coast of Cape Cod began in 1979. The state consumes, but does not produce, natural gas. In 2004, about 373 billion cubic feet (10.5 billion cubic meters) of natural gas were delivered.

Private researchers and the state have established demonstration projects for solar energy systems and other alternatives to fossil fuels.

27 Commerce

The machinery and electrical goods industries are important components of the state’s wholesale

trade, along with motor vehicle and automotive equipment, and paper and paper products. State wholesale sales totaled $127.1 billion in 2002; retail sales were $73.9 billion. Foreign exports of Massachusetts products totaled $22.04 billion in 2005 (10th in the United States).

28 Public Finance

The estimated revenues for the 2004 fiscal year were $41.6 billion and expenses were $38.4 billion. The largest general expenditures were for public welfare ($10.5 billion), education ($7.58 billion), and highways ($3 billion). The total debt of the state government was more than $50.9 billion, or $7,957.10 per capita (per person).

29 Taxation

The state levies a 12% tax on interest, dividends, and short-term capital gains; a 5% tax rate on capital gains from assets held between one and two years; a 2% rate on capital gains from assets held longer than that, and a flat 5.3% rate in on all other taxable personal income. The corporate income tax rate is 9.5%. Commercial banks and other banking and trust companies pay a 10.5% tax on net income while savings and loans organizations pay 10.91%.

Sales tax is 5%, but such necessities as food, clothing, and home heating fuel are exempt. There is also a wide array of state and local selective (excise) taxes, including a room occupancy tax, a motor vehicle excise tax, taxes covering motor fuels, tobacco products, insurance premiums, alcoholic beverages, amusements, parimutuels, and other selected items. Other state taxes include various license fees, a deeds tax, and a small property tax. Most property taxes are collected at the local level.

The state collected $18.015 billion in taxes in 2005, of which 53.8% came from individual income taxes, 21.6% from the general sales tax, 10.5% from selective sales taxes, 7.4% from corporate income taxes, and 6.7% from other taxes. In 2005, Massachusetts ranked seventh among the states in terms of state and local tax burden, which amounted to $2,815 per person.

30 Health

As of October 2005, the infant mortality was 5 per 1,000 live births. The overall death rate was 8.8 per 1,000 population. The major causes of death were heart diseases, cancer, cerebrovascular diseases, chronic lower respiratory diseases, diabetes, accidents and adverse effects, and suicide. Among persons ages 18 and older, 18.4% were smokers. The rate of HIV-related deaths stood at 3.6 per 100,000 population. In 2004, the reported AIDS case rate was about 8.8 per 100,000 population.

The state’s 79 community hospitals had about 16,000 beds in 2003. That year, the average expense for community hospital care was $1,631 per inpatient day. In 2004, 11% of the population was uninsured; in 2006, the state passed requiring all residents to purchase health insurance by 1 July 2007.

In 2004, Massachusetts had 451 doctors per 100,000 people, and 1,201 nurses per 100,000 people in 2005; these rates are some of the highest healthcare worker-population rates in the nation. In 2004, there were a total of 5,143 dentists in the state. Four prominent medical schools are located in the state: Harvard Medical School, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, and the University of Massachusetts School of Medicine.

31 Housing

The state’s older housing stock reflects the state’s colonial heritage and its ties to English architectural traditions. Two major styles are common: the colonial style, typified by a wood frame, two stories, center hall entry, and center chimney; and the Cape Cod, one-story houses built by fishermen, with shallow basements, shingled roofs, clapboard fronts, and unpainted shingled sides weathered gray by the salt air. Many new houses are still built in these styles.

In 2004, some 22,500 new housing units were authorized for construction. The median home value was $331,200, the fourth highest in the United States. The median monthly cost for mortgage owners was $1,645. Renters paid a median of $852 per month.

32 Education

Massachusetts has a long history of support for education. The Boston Latin School opened in 1635 as the first public school in the colonies. Harvard College was founded in 1636 as the first college in the United States. The drive for quality public education in the state was intensified through the efforts of educator Horace Mann, who during the 1830s and 1840s was also a leading force for the improvement of school systems throughout the United States. Today the state boasts some of the most highly regarded private secondary schools and colleges in the country.

In 2004, 86.9% of state residents age 25 or older were high school graduates and 36.7% had completed four or more years of college. Total public school enrollment was estimated at 983,000 in fall 2002 and was expected to drop to 919,000 by fall 2014. Expenditures for public education in 2003/04 were estimated at $11.7 billion, or $10,693 per student, the sixth highest among the 50 states and the District of Columbia.

The early years of statehood saw the development of private academies, where the students could learn more than the basic reading and writing skills that were taught in the town schools at the time. Some of these private preparatory schools remain, including such prestigious institutions as Andover, Deerfield, and Groton. Enrollment in nonpublic schools in fall 2003 totaled 134,708.

As of fall 2002, there were 431,224 students enrolled in college or graduate school. In 2005, Massachusetts had 122 degree-granting institutions. The major public university system is the University of Massachusetts, with campuses at Amherst, Boston, Dartmouth, and Lowell, and a medical school at Worcester. The state has a total of 15 public colleges and universities, while the Massachusetts Board of Regional Community Colleges has 16 campuses.

Harvard University, which was established in Cambridge originally as a college for clergymen and magistrates, has grown to become one of the country’s premier institutions. Also located in Cambridge is the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, or MIT. Mount Holyoke College, the first US college for women, was founded in 1837. Other prominent private schools are Amherst College, Boston College, Boston University, Brandeis University, Clark University, Hampshire College, the New England Conservatory of Music, Northeastern University, Smith College, Tufts University, Wellesley College, and Williams College.

33 Arts

Boston is the center of artistic activity in Massachusetts. The city is the home of several small theaters, some of which offer previews of shows bound for Broadway. Well-known local theater companies include the American Repertory Theatre and the Huntington Theatre. Of the regional theaters scattered throughout the state, the Williamstown Theater in the Berkshires and the Provincetown Theater on Cape Cod are especially noteworthy.

The Boston Symphony, one of the major orchestras in the United States, was founded in 1881. Emmanuel Church in Boston’s Back Bay is known for its early music concerts and chamber music by first-rate local and internationally known performers is presented at the New England Conservatory’s Jordan Hall and other venues throughout the city. During the summer, the Boston Symphony is the main attraction of the Berkshire Music Festival at Tanglewood in Lenox. An offshoot of the Boston Symphony, the Boston Pops Orchestra, gained fame under the conductorship of Arthur Fiedler. Its mixture of popular, jazz, and light symphonic music continued under the direction of Fiedler’s successors, John Williams and Keith Lockhart. Boston is also the headquarters of the Boston Lyric Opera. Prominent in the world of dance are the Boston Ballet Company and the Jacob’s Pillow Dance Festival in the Berkshires.

Ploughshares, a literary journal published through Emerson College in Boston, has become well known nationally as a showplace for new writers.

The Massachusetts Cultural Council provides grants and services to support public programs in the arts, sciences, and the humanities. The Massachusetts Foundation for the Humanities was founded in 1974. In 1979, Massachusetts became the first state to establish a lottery solely for funding the arts.

34 Libraries and Museums

The first public library in the United States was established in Boston in 1653. As of the fiscal year ending June 2001, Massachusetts had 371 public library systems, with a total of 490 libraries, of which 119 were branches. The system served 351 towns and cities, and had over 30.4 million volumes. The major city libraries are in Boston, Worcester, and Springfield. The Boston Athenaeum, with 650,000 volumes, is the most noteworthy private library in the state. Harvard University’s library system is one of the largest in the world, with 14.3 million volumes in 1999. Other major academic libraries are those of Boston University, the University of Massachusetts (Amherst), Smith College, and Boston College.

In 2000, the state had over 344 museums. Boston houses a number of important museums, among them the Museum of Fine Arts with vast holdings of artwork. These include extensive Far East and French impressionist collections and American art and furniture; the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum, and the Museum of Science. Other museums of note are the Whaling Museum in New Bedford, the Bunker Hill Museum near Boston, and the National Basketball Hall of Fame in Springfield. Plymouth Plantation in Plymouth is a recreation of life in the 17th century and Old Sturbridge Village, a working historical farm, displays 18th- and 19th-century artifacts.

35 Communications

The first American post office was established in Boston in 1639 and Alexander Graham Bell first demonstrated the telephone in Boston in 1876. As of 2004, 93.4% of the state’s occupied housing units had telephones. In addition, by June of that year, there were 3,919,139 mobile phone subscribers. As of 2003, 64.1% of Massachusetts households had a computer, and 58.1% had Internet access.

The state had 32 major AM stations and 64 major FM stations in 2005, as well as 10 major television stations. In Boston, WGBH is a major producer of programming for the Public Broadcasting Service. In 2000, the Boston metropolitan area had 2,210,580 television-owning households, 80% of which received cable.

36 Press

Publishing milestones that occurred in the state include the first book printed in the English colonies (Cambridge, 1640); the first regularly issued American newspaper, the Boston News-Letter (1704); and the first published American novel, William Hill Brown’s The Power of Sympathy (Worcester, 1789). During the mid-1840s, two noted literary publications made their debut, the North American Review and the Dial, the latter under the editorial direction of Ralph Waldo Emerson and Margaret Fuller.

As of 2005, there were 32 daily newspapers in the state (including 14 morning, 18 evening). The Boston Globe, the most widely read newspaper in the state, has won numerous awards for journalistic excellence on the local and national levels. The Christian Science Monitor is highly respected for its coverage of national and international news.

Major newspapers and their average daily circulations in 2005 were the Boston Globe (451,471), the Boston Herald (240,759), and the Christian Science Monitor (60,723). The Atlantic (which began publishing in 1857), Harvard Law Review, Harvard Business Review, and New England Journal of Medicine are other influential publications. Massachusetts is also a center of book publishing, with more than 100 publishing houses, including Little, Brown and Company; Houghton Mifflin; Merriam-Webster; and Harvard University Press.

37 Tourism, Travel & Recreation

In 2004, there were over 31.2 million travelers to and within the state. The travel industry supports over 125,300 jobs.

The greater Boston area was the most popular area for tourists in 2006. A trip to the city might include visits to such old landmarks as the Old North Church, the USS Constitution, Paul Revere’s House, and such newer attractions as the John Hancock Observatory, the skywalk above the Prudential Tower, Quincy Market, Faneuil Hall, and Copley Place. Boston Common, one of the oldest public parks in the country, is the most noteworthy municipal park.

About 19% of all trips are made to Cape Cod (Barnstable County). Among its many attractions are beaches, fishing, good dining spots, artists’ colonies with arts and crafts fairs, antique shops, and summer theaters. Beaches, fishing, and quaint villages are also the charms of Nantucket Island and Martha’s Vineyard.

The Berkshires are the summer home of the Berkshire Music Festival at Tanglewood and the Jacob’s Pillow Dance Festival in Lee. Essex County on the North Shore of Massachusetts Bay offers many seaside towns and the art colony of Rockport. Its main city, Salem, contains the Witch House and Museum as well as Nathaniel Hawthorne’s House of Seven Gables. Middlesex County, to the west of Boston, holds the university city of Cambridge as well as the battlegrounds of Lexington and Concord. In Concord are the homes of Henry David Thoreau, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Louisa May Alcott. Norfolk County, south of Boston, has the homes of three US presidents: John Adams and John Quincy Adams in Quincy and John F. Kennedy in Brookline. Plymouth County offers Plymouth Rock, Plymouth Plantation, and a steam-train ride through some cranberry bogs.

Massachusetts has about 79 state parks.

38 Sports

There are five major league professional sports teams in Massachusetts: the Boston Red Sox of Major League Baseball, the New England Patriots of the National Football League, the Boston Celtics of the National Basketball Association, the Boston Bruins of the National Hockey League, and the New England Revolution of

Major League Soccer. The Celtics are the winningest team in NBA history. They have won the championship 16 times, including the seemingly unbeatable record of eight consecutive titles from 1959 to 1966. The Bruins won the Stanley Cup five times. Additionally, there are minor league hockey teams in Springfield, Worcester, and Lowell.

Suffolk Downs in East Boston features thoroughbred horse racing. Harness racing takes place at the New England Harness Raceway in Foxboro. Dog racing can be seen at Raynham Park in Raynham, Taunton Dog Track in North Dighton, and Wonderland Park in Revere.

Probably the most famous amateur athletic event in the state is the Boston Marathon, a race of more than 26 miles (42 kilometers) held every Patriots’ Day (third Monday in April). It attracts many of the world’s top long-distance runners. During the summer, a number of boat races are held. Rowing is also popular. Each October this traditional sport is celebrated in a regatta on the Charles River among college students in the Boston/Cambridge area.

In collegiate sports, the University of Massachusetts has become a nationally ranked basketball power; Boston College has appeared in 12 bowl games and the annual Harvard–Yale football game is one of the traditional rites of autumn.

39 Famous Bay Staters

Massachusetts has produced an extraordinary collection of public figures and leaders of thought. Its four US presidents were John Adams (1735–1826), a signer of the Declaration of Independence; his son John Quincy Adams (1767–1848); John Fitzgerald Kennedy (1917–1963), and George Herbert Walker Bush (b.1924).

Great jurists influential in Massachusetts include US Supreme Court Justices Joseph Story (1779–1845); Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. (1841–1935); Louis D. Brandeis (b.Kentucky, 1856–1941); and Felix Frankfurter (b.Austria, 1882–1965). David Souter (b.1939), was appointed as a Supreme Court justice in 1990.

Literary genius has flourished in Massachusetts. In the 17th century, the colony was the home of poets Anne Bradstreet (1612–1672) and Edward Taylor (1645–1729) and of the theologian Cotton Mather (1663–1728). During the 1800s, Massachusetts was the home of novelists Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804–1864), Louisa May Alcott (b.Pennsylvania, 1832–1888), and Henry James (b.New York, 1843–1916); essayists Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803–1882) and Henry David Thoreau (1817–1862); and poets Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (b.Maine, 1807–1882) and Emily Dickinson (1830–1886). Among 20th-century notables are novelist and short-story writer John Cheever (1912–1982); and poets Robert Lowell (1917–1977), Anne Sexton (1928–1974), and Sylvia Plath (1932–1963). Henry James’s elder brother, William (b.New York, 1842–1910), pioneered psychology; and George Santayana (b.Spain, 1863–1952), philosopher and author, grew up in Boston. Mary Baker Eddy (b.New Hampshire, 1821–1910) founded the Church of Christ, Scientist, during the 1870s.

Reformers have abounded in Massachusetts, especially in the 19th century. William Lloyd

Garrison (1805–1879) was an outstanding abolitionist. Margaret Fuller (1810–1850), and Susan Brownell Anthony (1820–1906) were leading advocates of women’s rights. Horace Mann (1796–1859) led the fight for public education; and Mary Lyon (1797–1849) founded Mount Holyoke, the first women’s college in the United States. The 20th century reformer and National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) leader William Edward Burghardt (W. E. B.) Du Bois (1868–1963) was born in Great Barrington.

Leonard Bernstein (1918–1990) was a composer and conductor of worldwide fame. Arthur Fiedler (1894–1879) was the celebrated conductor of the Boston Pops Orchestra. Composers include William Billings (1746–1800) and Alan Hovhaness (1911–2000). Louis Henri Sullivan (1856–1924) was an important architect. Painters include John Singleton Copley (1738–1815), James Whistler (1834–1903), and Winslow Homer (1836–1910).

Among the notable scientists associated with Massachusetts are Samuel F. B. Morse (1791–1872), inventor of the telegraph; Elias Howe (1819–1867), inventor of the sewing machine; and Robert Hutchins Goddard (1882–1945), a physicist and rocketry pioneer.

Massachusetts was the birthplace of television journalists Mike Wallace (b.1918) and Barbara Walters (b.1931). Massachusetts-born show business luminaries include director Cecil B. DeMille (1881–1959); actors Walter Brennan (1894–1974), Jack Haley (1901–1979), Bette Davis (1908–1984), and Jack Lemmon (1925–2001); and singers Donna Summer (b.1948) and James Taylor (b.1948). Outstanding among Massachusetts-born athletes was world heavyweight boxing champion Rocky Marciano (Rocco Francis Marchegiano, 1925–1969), who retired undefeated in 1956.

40 Bibliography

BOOKS

Bristow, M. J. State Songs of America. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2000.

Deetz, James. The Times of Their Lives: Life, Love, and Death in Plymouth Colony. New York: W.H. Freeman, 2000.

Fairley, Melissa. Massachusetts. Milwaukee, WI: Gareth Stevens, 2006.

Leotta, Joan. Massachusetts. New York: Children’s Press, 2001.

LeVert, Suzanne. Massachusetts. New York: Benchmark Books, 2000.

McAuliffe, Emily. Massachusetts Facts and Symbols. Rev. ed. Mankato, MN: Capstone Press, 2003.

Murray, Julie. Massachusetts. Edina, MN: Abdo Publishing, 2006.

Whitehurst, Susan. The Colony of Massachusetts. New York: PowerKids Press, 2000.

WEB SITES

Massachusetts Historical Society. www.masshist.org/welcome (accessed March 1, 2007).

Official Website of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Mass.gov. www.mass.gov (accessed March 1, 2007).

Visit New England. Massachusetts. www.visit-massachusetts.com (accessed March 1, 2007).

Junior Worldmark Encyclopedia of the States, 5th ed.

Massachusetts

views updated Jun 11 2018

Massachusetts

Bedford Flag
Boston
Bunker Hill Monument
The John Cabot House
Cambridge
Concord
Dorchester Heights
Lexington
Menotomy
Minute Man National Historical Park
The Old Burying Ground
The Parting Ways Archeological Site
Quincy
Royall (Isaac) House
Russell (Jason) House
Salem and Salem Bridge
Somerville
The Springfield Armory National Historic Site
Stockbridge

Politically and economically, Massachusetts dominated the movement that led to the American Revolution. In and around Boston are many sites associated with the men and events of the decisive years 1763 to 1775. After the day of Lexington and Concord, the Battle of Bunker Hill, and the final evacuation of Boston by the British on 17 March 1776, Massachusetts was left outside the theater of military operations.

The following pages do not deal with the surviving landmarks of Massachusetts's cultural history and the many places such as Old Deerfield, Plymouth, and Salem where there is much for the visitor to see today. Massachusetts would warrant more pages in this guide if the author had included all major landmarks of the colonial era and all structures of outstanding architectural importance. They were not included because a wealth of literature already exists on historical landmarks in New England in general and the Boston area in particular.

To an extent greater than in almost any other of the original colonies, widespread urban development has obliterated eighteenth-century villages of historic importance and interest in Massachusetts. They are virtually unrecognizable in the Boston area. However, the tourist trade in Massachusetts is long established, and the solid scholarship of regional historians of an older generation is reflected in the material distributed to visitors. Information centers are maintained at a variety of locations, particularly in the Boston area. In addition, a number of websites exist that are very helpful in disseminating information on landmarks. Walking tours are set up in many areas. The Massachusetts Office of Tourism provides a helpful travel booklet, "Massachusetts Getaway Guide," that is obtainable through their informative website, www.massvacation.com. Phone: (617) 973-8500.

Two other agencies with statewide responsibilities are the Massachusetts Historical Commission, 220 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, Mass. 02125; website: www.sec.state.ma.us; phone: (617) 727-8470; and the Massachusetts Historical Society, 1154 Boylston Street, Boston, Mass. 02215; website: www.masshist.org; phone: (617) 536-1608.

Adams Family Homes

Adams Family Homes. Seequincy.

Arlington (Old Menotomy)

Arlington (Old Menotomy). Seerussell (jason) house.

Bedford Flag

Bedford Flag, Bedford. An early militia flag, traditionally associated with the fight at Old North Bridge in Concord and sometimes claimed to be America's oldest surviving flag (it dates to the early eighteenth century), is displayed in the Bedford Free Public Library on 7 Mudge Way just off Great Road in Bedford. Phone: (781) 275-9440. Individuals are able to view the 27″ by 29″ flag by contacting the librarian and leaving a driver's license or some other manner of deposit in exchange for a magnetic key to the special room in which the flag is stored. Only five people maximum may be in the room at any time.

Boston

Boston and vicinity. This is where it all started. Two centuries later, Boston retains in the midst of its commercial bustle a delightful vestige of colonial color and historical allure. Landmarks have been respected in the sustained period of economic prosperity (the traditional archenemy of historic preservation) and the recent epidemic of skyscraper building. The Old North End district still carries an Italian flair, although the neighborhood is becoming more and more homogenized as time goes on. At the other pole from this Little Italy, where Boston still throbs with human vitality, is the loneliness of Dorchester Heights. Cambridge, the address for venerable Harvard College, offers another sharp contrast.

The waterfront in and around Boston has been altered beyond recognition. The site of the Boston Tea Party is high, dry, and far from the beaten tourist track. The famous Necks of Boston and Charlestown, the Back Bay, and the old shoreline of Cambridge have long since been obliterated. Dorchester Heights is discernible for those who know where to look—a slight elevation rising above South Boston's masonry and showing a fringe of trees discernible from the expressway leading north into Boston (see separate article on dorchester heights).

Tourism having long been one of Boston's best-organized civic activities, and many outstanding guides to historic landmarks being locally available, this article is restricted to the places of outstanding importance, particularly those that tend to be neglected. "The Freedom Trail" guides the casual tourist to major landmarks from an information center on the Common, and offers free literature, but as an educated British journalist commented, "Take a comprehensive guidebook, for you are left almost entirely to your own devices…." However, in deference to that remark, the Freedom Trail Foundation serves as an excellent resource. Website: www.thefreedomtrail.org; phone: (617) 357-8300.

Overlapping in part with the Freedom Trail is the Black Heritage Trail. Black slaves were first brought to Boston in 1638, and by the time of the Revolution there were several hundred slaves and free blacks living in the city and its environs. This mile and a half trail passes fifteen sites, including the Boston Massacre Site, the Old Granary Burying Ground, and the home of Revolutionary veteran George Middleton, leader of the all-black company called "The Bucks of America" who may have served at Bunker Hill. Walking tour maps and guides are avaliable at the African Meeting House, 8 Smith Court, the oldest extant African American church. The Meeting House is open year-round from Monday to Saturday, 10:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. Guided tours are available from Memorial Day weekend through Labor Day weekend. Phone: (617) 742-5415.

Below in alphabetical order are the chief historic landmarks of Revolutionary War Boston, some of them merely sites on the sidewalk or in the street, others structures of great architectural interest and importance:

Beacon Hill derives its name from the beacon erected in 1635, a few years after Boston was settled from Charlestown. A new beacon erected in 1768 was blown down in 1789. The next year a tall monument was erected to commemorate the location of the primitive signal (never used for its intended purpose of warning of invasion), which had long been shown on plans of the town. This monument was taken down in 1811 when Beacon and Copp's Hills were graded to provide fill for the Mill Pond, Beacon Hill being lowered 110 feet by this operation. The Beacon Hill Historic District, north of the Common (Beacon Street) and east of the Charles River embankment, is a National Historic Landmark of the late eighteenth and the nineteenth centuries.

Boston Common is the same plot of some 50 acres purchased by the original settlers in 1634 from the first white inhabitant, William Blackstone. It is the oldest public park in the country, still owned by all the people of Boston, as it was more than three centuries ago. The Common originally fronted on Back Bay, and the British expedition to Lexington and Concord left in boats from the southwest tip of the Common, now the junction of Charles and Boylston Streets.

Boston Massacre Site is marked by a circle of paving stones in State Street at its intersection with Congress Street, just east of the Old State House. Here on 5 March 1770 a British guard of some ten regulars opened fire on a crowd of about sixty men. Three citizens were killed on the spot and two were mortally wounded. John Adams and Josiah Quincy defended the regulars, five of whom were acquitted and two convicted of manslaughter but not seriously punished. The Patriots did all they could to exploit the "massacre" as propaganda, most famously in Paul Revere's dramatic engraving. All five victims were buried together in the Granary Burying Ground (see below) just to the right of the entrance. In 1888 the citizens of Boston erected the Crispus Attucks Monument on the Boston Commons facing Tremont Street to commemorate the former slave who fell to a British bullet during the massacre. The monument has a copy of Revere's famous engraving with Attucks in the foreground. It is worth noting that most recreations of this illustration make Attucks white.

Boston Tea Party Site, marked by a plaque on the Sheraton Building on Atlantic Avenue northeast of Congress Street, was Griffin's Wharf, where, on 16 December 1773, a band of colonists boarded three tea ships and threw £10,000 worth of tea into the water. The British reacted by invoking punitive action, the Intolerable Acts, one of which closed the port of Boston. This led the Patriots to call the first Continental Congress to consider united resistance by all the colonies.

Castle William was on Castle Island, now the tip of a peninsula in South Boston. Castle Island (so called because it looked like a castle to Governor John Winthrop and his exploring party) was fortified in the early 1630s. Castle William never performed the role for which it was best suited, defending the entrance to Boston's inner harbor, but it was a refuge for British authorities during the troubled period leading to the Revolution. The British soldiers were withdrawn here after the Boston Massacre. Before this, town authorities defied the Quartering Act by refusing to provide troop quarters in Boston so long as the barracks on Castle Island were empty, but the British finally succeeded in getting accommodations for most of their garrison in the town. The Sixty-fourth Regiment ended up being posted on the island, leaving from here on its expedition to Salem and Salem Bridge. When the Patriots occupied the island after the British evacuated Boston, they renamed it Fort Independence. Paul Revere was in command of the post in 1778 to 1779 as a lieutenant colonel of militia, being relieved after the disastrous Penobscot Expedition in 1779 (see fort george under Maine). A new fort built in 1801 (where Edgar Allan Poe served as a soldier in 1827) was abandoned in 1880, eventually becoming part of Marine Park. Guided tours of the castle are available on weekends in June through August, from noon to 3:30 p.m. The site is at the end of Gardner Way, South Boston.

Copp's Hill was one of Boston's original three hills (the others being Beacon Hill and Fort Hill). It was the site of a windmill as early as 1632 and a burial ground from 1659. During the Battle of Bunker Hill the British bombarded Charlestown from here, setting the fires that virtually destroyed the old town. An earthwork was hastily thrown up near the southwest corner of the cemetery for the battery, and another was dug to the rear for the supporting infantry. Traces remained until 1807, when Copp's Hill was cut down several feet to get dirt for filling in Mill Pond. Many ancient slate tombstones, including those of Cotton Mather and Edward Hartt, builder of the U.S.S. Constitution, remain on the hilltop, which is reached by climbing Hull Street from Old North Church. Through the large buildings that mask most of the view you can see parts of Charlestown, including the Bunker Hill Monument.

Copp's Hill Burying Ground, Hull and Snowhill Streets. Just uphill from the Old North Church, Copp's Hill has been a cemetery since 1659, making it second in age only to King's Chapel, founded in 1630. General Burgoyne commanded the British artillery from the cemetery during the bombardment of Charlestown, 17 June 1775. British soldiers practiced their shooting by aiming at the tombstone of Captain Daniel Malcom with its bold inscription, "A true Son of Liberty." Among the many veterans of the Revolution buried here is Prince Hall, founder of the African Masonic Lodge in 1787, which is the oldest black organization in the United States.

Faneuil Hall, Faneuil Hall Square, was first built in 1742 with a long room above the marketplace to be used for public meetings. It remains vital to Boston as a museum, marketplace, and meeting hall. Little could the designer have forecast what momentous debates would take place in the structure whose primary purpose had been to provide Boston with a central market. The original building had been destroyed, except for the walls, by a fire in January 1761, and dedication of the new hall coincided with the beginning of the break with Britain. A town meeting here on 2 November 1772 adopted Sam Adams's motion to appoint "a committee of correspondence … to state the rights of the Colonists … as men, as Christians, and as Subjects; and to communicate the same to the several towns and to the world." History has few examples of "committee effort" leading to more dramatic action than the Committees of Correspondence created throughout the colonies to follow this lead by Boston. When the British garrison was established in Boston in 1768 some troops were permitted to use Faneuil Hall as temporary quarters (the rest camping temporarily on the Common). During the siege of Boston (April 1775 to March 1776) British officers and Loyalist ladies presented amateur theatricals in the hall. In 1805 to 1806 the building was tripled in size by increasing its three bays to seven and adding a third story. Architect Charles Bullfinch preserved the general appearance of the exterior but moved to the east end of the building the large cupola with its famous grasshopper weather vane. The fourth floor, lighted by dormers, is the armory of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company, a militia unit organized in 1638 and the country's oldest surviving military formation. Faneuil Hall is still a thriving market on the building's first floor. In the attic is a collection of items dating from colonial days, and in the great hall on the second floor, often used as a city government meeting place, is a collection of paintings including copies of portraits whose originals are in safer quarters at the Boston Museum of Fine Arts. Reconstructed in 1898 to 1899 with modern materials replacing wood to the extent possible, this National Historic Landmark, is owned and administered by the city.

Fort Hill Square, off Oliver Street, is the vestige of Corn Hill, where one of Boston's first fortifications was erected in the early 1630s. At the foot of the hill was South Battery, called the Sconce. The colonial fort was abandoned long before the Revolution, but was occupied by a regiment of regulars when the British garrison was established in 1768. The Royal Welch Fusiliers manned the position in 1774. After the British evacuation, Fort Hill was strengthened by the Americans, but in 1779 its heavy guns were moved to the Hudson Highlands. In 1797 the fort was leveled and the hill converted into a mall. Later the hill was graded to provide fill for the new dock area (1869–1872).

Franklin's Birthplace is indicated by a marker at 17 Milk Street, nearly opposite Old South Meeting House (see below). The location was controversial for a short time after it was revealed that Franklin once stated that he was born in his father's small house at the southwest corner of Hanover and Union Streets. However, further evidence convinced scholars that Franklin was mistaken.

Granary Burying Ground, Tremont Street at the head of Bromfield Street and adjoining the Common, has many old graves, including those of the Boston Massacre victims, Peter Faneuil, the parents of Benjamin Franklin (marked by a conspicuous monument), and three signers of the Declaration of Independence: John Hancock, Sam Adams, and Robert Treat Paine. The grave of James Otis is at eyeball level through the fence from the Tremont Street sidewalk.

Green Dragon Tavern site, on Blackstone Street just east of Marshall Street, is indicated by a marker. This is famous as the meeting place of the Caucus Club, which dominated Boston politics perhaps fifty years before the Revolution and reached the height of its influence as the break with England approached. An early leader was Deacon John Adams, whose son Sam took over to become the leading politician of Revolutionary Boston. The Green Dragon has therefore been called the "Headquarters of the Revolution."

King's Chapel and Burying Ground, School and Tremont Streets, is a short distance northeast of the Common and in the heart of old Boston. Virtually unaltered since its construction in 1749 to 1754, this "superb example of the work of Peter Harrison" (the judgment of the National Survey) is well preserved and in good condition. The architect intended that the blocky structure be topped by a lofty spire in the style of London's churches of the period. But the spire was never built, and it is most unfortunate that some courageous architectural historian has not prevailed on Boston to do Harrison the courtesy of adding this badly needed feature. Perhaps the neglect is intentional; perhaps Boston wants this squat stone structure to remain ugly. Built to serve British officers, it was highly unpopular in Puritan Boston as its first Anglican church. Because of continued antiroyalist sentiment even after the Revolution, it was long called Stone Chapel rather than King's Chapel. In 1789 it became the first avowedly Unitarian church in the United States, and it is active today as one of 1,100 churches and fellowships of that faith in America. The massive walls of Quincy granite were erected around an earlier wooden structure which was used until the time came to take it apart and pass the pieces through the arched windows of the new structure. In the courtyard and to the left as you enter is the interesting monument erected in 1917 to the memory of the Chevalier de St. Sauveur, killed by a Boston mob in 1778 when he attempted to interfere with their pilfering of a bakery established by the French fleet. Three or four French sailors also were killed about this time in riots against the French in Charlestown. Admiral d'Estaing managed to conceal his feelings, and the Massachusetts House of Delegates passed a resolution to erect a monument over young St. Sauveur's grave. In 1917 they finally got around to it. The twenty-four-line inscription starts in English and then has sixteen lines in French, prepared by d'Estaing. The chevalier's grave is believed to be in the crypt of the chapel.

The burying ground of about half an acre adjoining the chapel is maintained by Boston's Parks and Recreation Department. Established in 1630, according to the marker, its graves include those of Mayflower passenger Mary Chilton (who died in 1679) and William Dawes, Jr. (1745–1799), the little-publicized messenger who rode from Boston the same night as Paul Revere to warn the countryside that the British were headed for Lexington and Concord. Visiting hours are 9 a.m. to 5 p.m., Monday through Friday. Phone: (617) 523-1749.

Liberty Tree site is on Washington at Essex Street, near the end of Boylston Street (the latter being the southern edge of the Common). The elm was already about 120 years old in 1765 when it became the country's first Liberty Tree and inspired the fashion of such symbols throughout the colonies. British troops cut it down for firewood in 1775.

Old North Church, 193 Salem Street, has architectural and historical distinctions that make it one of the country's most important landmarks. The lantern signal from its belfry, "One, if by land, and two, if by sea," as the historically garbled poem by Longfellow put it, was arranged by Paul Revere on the eve of his historic ride to Lexington. Built in 1723, topped by a 191-foot wooden steeple in 1740, it has survived fires and hurricanes (the last one in 1954 blowing down the second tower of 1806). The interior, carefully and thoroughly restored in 1912 to 1914, is of particular importance in the history of American church design. Among the one thousand or more persons buried in thirty-eight tombs under the church is Major John Pitcairn of the Royal Marines, who figured prominently in the events at Lexington and Concord and was mortally wounded while leading the final assault on Bunker Hill. Paul Revere as a young boy assisted in organizing a guild to ring the church's famous peal of eight bells, cast in 1744 and still used. General Thomas Gage, who occupied pew 62, not far from pew 54 of Paul Revere's son, is said to have watched the Battle of Bunker Hill from the steeple (and he logically would also have visited the British battery nearby on Copp's Hill). The setting of Old North Church is unfortunately crowded on three sides, but this is relieved somewhat by Paul Revere Mall (established 1933) to the southeast. An attractive walled garden easily overlooked on the northeast side of the church and a terraced approach to the back give the handsome brick structure some breathing space and fire protection. Old North Church is owned and administered by the Corporation of Christ Church in the City of Boston. It is open Monday through Friday from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m., and Episcopalian services are given on Sundays at 9 a.m. and 11 a.m. Phone: (617) 523-6676.

Old North Square survives only as a vestigial plot opposite the Paul Revere House (see below). An asphalt-paved area of about a third of an acre is marked by a plaque erected in 1946: "Here in North Square lived Paul Revere and his wife," the visitor is informed. "Here lived Major Pitcairn of the soldiery occupying Boston in 1775…." At the time of the Revolution the square was near the waterfront.

Old South Meeting House, Milk and Washington Streets, shares with the Old State House and Faneuil Hall the fame of being a place of public assembly in the tumultuous days leading to the Revolution. Large for its day, Old South was built in 1729 to 1730 and then called Third Church (serving Boston's third body of Congregationalists). It was shortly thereafter named Old South to distinguish it from another body of Congregationalists calling themselves "New South Church." During the British occupation a cavalry riding school was operated in Old South, most of its interior furnishings and the parsonage having been used by the soldiers for firewood. In 1783 the congregation restored the interior much as it had been. A century later the structure was saved by public sentiment from demolition. Since that time it has been owned and administered by the Old South Association, which turned it into a museum and headquarters for its organization. The slave poet Phillis Wheatley belonged to this church during the Revolutionary period. On the wall is a copy of Washington's will ordering freedom for his slaves. The Old South Meeting House is utilized for public debates, panel discussions, and events with colonial and Revolutionary themes, including reenactments. Every December it stages a dramatization of the debate that led to the Boston Tea Party. Phone: (617) 482-6439.

Old State House (Second Boston Town House), Washington and State Streets, has been called "the scene of proceedings of greater moment than those at any other building in the Thirteen Colonies" (Colonials and Patriots, p. 109). Here James Otis delivered his famous speech in 1761 challenging the legality of writs of assistance. The walls are those built originally in 1712 to 1713, having survived the fire of 1747 that destroyed the rest of the structure. Unfortunate internal changes were made first in 1830 and perpetuated when the building was rescued in 1882 and rededicated, so only the exterior appearance survives from its important period 1766 to 1776. Towering office buildings have destroyed the setting, and the basement has become the entrance and exit of a subway station, but the Old State House with its large lion and unicorn figures has genuine colonial allure. The building is owned by the city, with custody vested in the Bostonian Society, and serves as the Society's museum. Website: www.bostonhistory.org. Relics displayed include works of Paul Revere and tea from the Boston Tea Party. It is open daily from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Phone: (617) 720-1713.

Paul Revere House, 19 North Street, is a rare example of Stuart-era architecture in America and is Boston's only surviving building of the seventeenth century. The original portion was built soon after the Boston fire of 1676 on the site of the Increase Mather Parsonage. When Paul Revere took possession almost a century later, the simple two-and-a-half-story frame house with an end chimney probably had been enlarged to three full stories. After his death in 1818 it degenerated into a tenement and store, being considerably altered but miraculously spared from destruction. In 1908 it was carefully restored. Well maintained and open to the public, the house is important not only for its association with the famous Patriot and craftsman but also as a rare specimen of a seventeenth-century urban home. Website: www.paulreverehouse.org. Phone: (617) 523-2338.

Bunker Hill Monument

Bunker Hill Monument, Charlestown, Greater Boston. The battle of Bunker Hill has been well nigh overwhelmed by the history of the Bunker Hill Monument Association. In 1825 this organization owned 18 acres of the battlefield, but in 1834 it sold most of this land to raise funds for building a huge monument. Now a 221-foot obelisk stands in a 4-acre rectangle of worn grass where there might have been a properly conceived historic park and some much-needed relief in the urban monotony of modern Boston. In giving less than a full page to this landmark, the National Survey comments: "The monument itself possesses considerable interest as an example of early historical monumentation" (Colonials and Patriots, p. 93). Unfortunately, "the monument is much in need of rehabilitation and development, particularly in regard to its interpretation of the battle story" (ibid.).

The cornerstone was laid on 17 June 1825, the fiftieth anniversary of the battle, with Daniel Webster delivering the oration in the presence of the Marquis de Lafayette. Construction of the dressed granite obelisk was not completed until 1843. By 1919 the Association was no longer able to cope with administration of the monument, so the task was assumed by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, delegated to the Metropolitan District Commission. It was designated a National Historic Site in 1962 it and is open daily from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. at no charge. The top of the obelisk is reachable by climbing 294 steps (no elevator). Renovations of the monument and the entire site are currently in progress. Phone: (617) 242-5641. A primitive museum and a statue of Colonel William Prescott are current features. Monument Park is approached from the southwest by rather steep streets that preserve some feeling of the slope up which the British attacked.

The original topography having been altered tremendously by landfills, the grading of hills, and high-density urbanization, landmarks of the battle are gone except for Breed's Hill. The granite obelisk marks the approximate center of the American redoubt that repulsed two attacks before falling to the third. Moulton's Point, where the British landed unopposed at about 1 p.m. to make their first attack along the low ground northeast of Breed's Hill, has been extended to form the United States Navy Yard (where the U.S.S. Constitution, "Old Ironsides," is exhibited). But the portion of old Charlestown generally southwest of Monument Square has many interesting structures surviving from the period right after the Revolution. (The old town was almost totally destroyed in the British bombardment of 1775.) The picturesque Old Burying Ground on Phipps Street has more than one hundred graves dating from before 1700.

The oldest building is the General Joseph Warren Tavern, 105 Main Street, in the Thompson Triangle Development. Nearby are the Benjamin Thompson House (started in 1777), and others of a few years later.

The John Cabot House

The John Cabot House, 117 Cabot Street, in Beverly, was owned by a Revolutionary War privateer. It is the headquarters of the Beverly Historical Society and displays a number of military and maritime items. Open Tuesday through Saturday 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. Phone: (978) 922-1186.

Cambridge

Cambridge, Charles River (Greater Boston). The township, now almost entirely built over, originally contained several separate villages. Newton and Lexington were detached in 1691 and 1713; Brighton and Arlington (originally Menotomy) were detached in 1837 and 1867. When the site was selected in 1630 for defensive works protecting the Massachusetts Bay Colony, the plan was for the settlement here to become the capital. Boston won out because of its geographical advantages for commerce as well as for protection from the Indians. First known simply as the New Towne, Cambridge was named in 1638 for Cambridge, England. Harvard College was founded at Cambridge in 1636, and the town quickly became an important intellectual center. The first printing press in British North America was set up here in 1639. (Boston had none until 1676.) Many of the leaders in the Revolution were educated at Harvard.

One of the most important surviving landmarks of the Revolution near Cambridge is the Old Powder House at Somerville, the town that adjoins Cambridge to the north but is sometimes referred to erroneously as being part of Cambridge. While the British raid on the powder house was taking place on 1 September 1774 another detachment marched from Boston and confiscated two field pieces recently procured by the Cambridge militia. John Richard Alden points out in his General Gage in America (p. 213) that Governor Gage had every legal right to take this property "but the brief march of the regulars aroused the whole colony." Men flew to arms on the assumption that similar raids would follow, and thousands of aroused citizens gathered in Cambridge. Mob violence was directed against Crown officials, and three more members of the council, including Lieutenant Governor Thomas Oliver, were frightened into resigning. Gage was sufficiently alarmed to start fortifying Boston Neck and restrict his regulars to the city.

The only surviving earthwork of the 10-mile string built in Cambridge and Charlestown for the Boston siege of 1775 to 1776 is a three-gun battery in what is now called Fort Washington Park. Buried deep in a commercial area behind the northwest corner of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), the site was originally on the riverbank. The semicircular earthwork with three embrasures has been rebuilt and three cannon emplaced. (They date from after the Revolution.) About an acre of grass is enclosed by an attractive metal fence of cannon and halbert posts and vertical bars. The site is near the tracks of the Boston and Albany Railroad on Waverley Street just northeast of the corner of Chestnut Street. (The latter crosses Brookline Street a few blocks northwest of Waverly and runs between Massachusetts Avenue and the Essex Street Bridge. From Harvard Bridge the site is reached by driving through MIT on Massachusetts Avenue, crossing the railroad, and turning left on Albany Street, then left on Waverley to the park.)

Washington's headquarters during the siege of Boston was the Vassall-Craigie-Longfellow House (Longfellow National Historic Site), 105 Brattle Street. A fine Georgian house built by Major John Vassall in 1759, it is a well-preserved two-story frame structure on a large fenced lot. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow lived here for forty-five years (1837–1882), and the house was conscientiously preserved by the Longfellow House Trust until it transferred responsibility to the National Park Service, which has managed the house since 1974. The house was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1962 and a National Historic Site in 1972. As of 2005 the house is closed to the public except for tours by appointment. Phone: (617) 876-491.

The tour group Lively Lore guides visitors through Harvard Square and offers a "lively" look at where Washington took command of the Continental army and where most of his troops camped. The site of the Washington Elm, under which Washington took command of the Continental army on 3 July 1775, is marked in the north end of the Common. Christ Church, on Garden Street opposite the George Washington Memorial Gateway, faces the Common. Designed and built by Peter Harrison in 1759 to 1761, it was taken over by the Patriots for barracks. Martha Washington, who joined her husband in December 1775, had it returned to its proper use. Burgoyne's Convention army was in Cambridge briefly after its final defeat at Saratoga in October 1777. A Patriot mob enraged by the fact that funeral services for a young British officer were held in the church so heavily damaged the building that services were not resumed until 1790. The organ loft is the finest original feature in the well-restored National Historic Landmark. Plaques mark Washington's pew and one of the bullet holes said to date from the period of his army's encampment.

Massachusetts Hall on the Harvard campus was completed in 1720. The oldest surviving building of the college founded almost a century earlier, it was originally a dormitory with thirty-two chambers and small private studies for its sixty-four occupants. As quarters for 640 soldiers during the siege of Boston, it lost much of the interior woodwork and hardware. Wadsworth House (1726) was used temporarily by Washington after his arrival in Cambridge in 1775. Just inside the Widener Library (1913) are two panoramic models depicting in great detail the original and the modern appearance of Harvard and Cambridge. The phone number for Lively Lore is (617) 354-3344. The Cambridge Historical Society, located at 159 Brattle Street, is very helpful in offering information on Revolutionary War landmarks. Phone: (617) 547-4252. Another good Cambridge source is the state-sponsored Cambridge Historical Commission. Phone: (617) 349-4683.

Charlestown

Charlestown. Seebunker hill monument.

Concord

Concord and vicinity, Concord County. One of the first two settlements in Massachusetts back from the coast (Dedham being the other), Concord was incorporated as a township in 1635. A county convention here in August 1774 recommended calling for a provincial congress. When Governor Thomas Gage issued instructions for the General Court to meet in his new capital in Salem but then withdrew his summons because the Patriots had gained control of the lower house, the delegates adjourned to Concord in October 1774. Having already proposed (in June) that a continental congress be held, they meanwhile established a revolutionary government in Concord. During the winter of 1774 to 1775 they started forming an armed force and accumulating military stores. London authorities ordered Gage to take positive action to reassert royal authority, suggesting that he arrest the leaders of the illegal congress in Concord. Adjournment of the latter was scheduled for 15 April 1775, the day after Gage got his instructions, but the British commander in chief had already made plans to destroy the Rebel supplies known to be in the Concord area.

This therefore became the objective of the forces sent out from Boston on 19 April. The numerous historical sites associated with the Battle of Lexington and Concord are exhibited at Minute Man National Historical Park, located off Exit 30b on Interstate 95. Phone: (978) 369-6993.

The Barrett Farm turned out to be the ultimate objective of the British on the fateful day. Although Colonel James Barrett's farmhouse is among the surviving landmarks, it tends to be neglected in summaries of historic sites in the Concord area. Listed in the National Register of Historic Places, today it is one of the few remaining farms in Cambridge. The upkeep of privately owned historical sites is always a challenge, and efforts are underway to help fund a much-needed overhaul of the farm. The two-story frame house is standing about 30 feet from Barrett's Mill Road in a setting little altered by the passage of two centuries. Behind it is the ridge where some of the stores were hidden, and in front of it is the bottomland, still being farmed, where other matériel was plowed under. The site is about 2 miles east of the North Bridge Visitors Center, reached by following Barnes Mill Road, which turns into Barrett's Mill Road on crossing Lowell Road. (The latter runs southeast to Concord.) It may be reached also from the traffic circle on Mass. 2A about 3 miles northwest of Concord.

Retracing the Battle Road from Barrett's Farm, one comes to the well-preserved area around North Bridge. Colonel Barrett's militia made its first contact with the enemy just east of Concord village around 7 a.m. Barrett had just returned from supervising the work of hiding or removing the stores around his farm, and the sixty-five-year-old Patriot leader decided to withdraw his troops across North Bridge to mass on Punkatasset Hill and wait there for reinforcements. The North Bridge Visitors Center provides taped narratives, slide shows, and exhibits that sketch in the history of what happened here and how this action relates to the entire day's operations. An overlook in the gardens of a post-Revolutionary mansion provides a view of picturesque Concord River and the area of the reconstructed North Bridge. Near the bridge stands the Old Manse, or the Reverend William Emerson House. Built in 1770 by the grandfather of Ralph Waldo Emerson, it was the home from 1842 to 1846 of Nathaniel Hawthorne, whose description in Mosses from an Old Manse gave it the former name. The Emerson family watched from an upper window while the militia confronted British troops around North Bridge in 1775.

Modern Concord has half the population of today's Lexington, and considerably more small-town charm. The village green has been cut down to the dimensions of a dividing strip on a thruway; it is an island of grass with a large monument in the center and the Colonial Inn facing one end. At the opposite end and across Main Street (Mass. 2A) is Wright's Tavern. Meeting the criteria for registration as a National Historic Landmark, the two-story frame house with a double-hipped (or monitor) roof and red clapboard siding was built in 1747. In 1751 Amos Wright took over its management as a tavern, hence the present name. Situated in the center of the village between the public meetinghouse and the militia training ground, Wright's Tavern played an important role in events leading to the Revolution. Here the militia assembled on 19 April when the courthouse bell sounded the alarm, and British officers soon arrived to establish their command post and take refreshments. Now owned by the Society of the First Parish, Wright's Tavern serves as church office space and is the home for the Wright Tavern Center for Spiritual Renewal. Classes, seminars and spiritual discussion groups are regularly scheduled. Phone: (973) 369-9602.

The First Parish Meeting House (1901) is on the site of the building in which John Hancock presided over the three hundred delegates to the Provincial Congress in October 1774.

On the ridge across Lexington Road (Mass. 2A) is the Old Hill Burying Ground, with slate headstones and brick tombs from 1677. The most famous of the elaborate inscriptions is on the grave of the African-born slave John Jack, who died in 1773. It reads, in part: "Though born in a land of slavery, he was born free. Though he lived in a land of liberty, he lived a slave."

This ridge played a role in the fighting at Concord. To the northeast is the swath of broad meadow along which the Patriots moved in defilade between North Bridge and Meriam's Corner, where they gave the retreating British the first taste of what was to be continued over the next 16 miles to Boston. From Meriam's Corner (on Mass. 2A, Battle Road) the visitor should detour a few hundred yards north, passing the Meriam House on the right, to look back over this great meadow through which the militia made their envelopment.

The business center of Concord today covers the old mill dam and pond that were the distinctive topographical features of the colonial village. Behind Wright's Tavern is a slight depression left after the area was filled.

Antiquarian House on Lexington Road is a museum with fourteen period rooms from 1685 to 1870 and exhibits pertaining to the Revolution. The Concord Antiquarian Society (1886) operates the museum and has offices and its library here. (Chamber of Commerce, Concord, Mass. 01742.)

Dorchester Heights

Dorchester Heights, South Boston. The significance of this National Historic Site has been so lost that not even the name is preserved on street maps. The original shoreline of Dorchester Neck has been bloated beyond recognition, particularly in the South Bay area. The historic heights now show on city maps as Telegraph Hill in Thomas Park.

The place is interesting and important because its surprise occupation and fortification by Washington's troops on the night of 4 to 5 March 1776 was quickly followed by the British evacuation of Boston (17 March). They had long planned to get out, and the occupation of Dorchester Heights merely accelerated the British departure; yet this detracts nothing from the brilliance of Washington's military achievement. It would not have been possible without Knox's "Noble Train of Artillery" hauled to the Boston lines from Fort Ticonderoga, New York. Nor could it have been achieved without the exceptionally good staff work and leadership that followed. The problem was not only to occupy the heights overnight without being opposed by British troops, but also to get heavy guns in position and fortified during the same night. The ground was still frozen, which meant that digging would be slow, and Rufus Putnam is credited with the plan of using precut heavy timbers for rapid construction of fortifications above ground. A refinement of this novel concept was to take up barrels that could be filled with earth, not only to be emplaced so as to make the works look stronger than they actually were, but also to be rolled down on the British assault troops should they appear. Another problem solved by the planners was collecting enough gunpowder, most of which came from European sources.

The British detected activity on the hill at about 10 p.m. but took no action. When the works became visible the next morning General Howe is said to have commented that the Rebels had done more in one night than his troops could have done in months. His estimate of the number of Americans engaged was ten times the actual number. A proposed counterattack was called off shortly before it was scheduled to start on the evening of 5 March. Washington tried to extend his position about half a mile north to Nook's Hill, but British artillery quickly made this ground untenable.

Dorchester Peninsula had four hills, only two of which were occupied in the operation we have been considering. Called the Twin Hills on some contemporary maps, they were Forster Hill, later designated Telegraph Hill, and Signal Tree Hill, to the southeast. What was generally called Nook's Hill was officially Dorchester Hill. Farthest to the northeast was Bush Tree Hill, which did not figure in Washington's strategy.

A white marble monument was dedicated in 1902 on the 126th anniversary of the British evacuation. A steeple in the style of a colonial meetinghouse tops a tower, the total elevation being 115 feet above Telegraph Hill. The roughly oval park, with high retaining walls on the north, west, and south sides, is named for General John Thomas, who commanded the operation on Dorchester Heights. Already past his fiftieth birthday, the distinguished-looking Thomas, grandson of an early settler, had started his military service in 1746 as a surgeon and had risen to command of a regiment in Amherst's advance along Lake Champlain to Montreal in 1760. His promotion to major general was dated 6 March 1776. About two weeks later he left Roxbury, reaching Quebec to take command of the Patriot forces in this vicinity. During the subsequent retreat up the St. Lawrence he came down with smallpox and died at Sorel (2 June 1776).

Tall residential buildings mask most of the view from Thomas Park, but the north-south streets provide restricted vistas that give some idea of the place's strategic importance in 1776. In 1951 it was designated the Dorchester Heights National Historic Site by an agreement between the secretary of the interior and the mayor of Boston. The somewhat neglected monument and park, once under the jurisdiction of Boston's Department of Parks, is now run by the National Park Service. The grounds are open free to the public year-round.

Visible from along a several-mile stretch of the Southeast Expressway into Boston, the site can be reached by taking Telegraph Street due east from Dorchester Street at Eighth Street in South Boston. Expressway Exit 16 is the one for Dorchester Street.

Lexington

Lexington, Lexington County. A modern building of colonial style houses the visitors' center operated by the Lexington Chamber of Commerce. Half a block east of Lexington Green, it is open year-round and a visit should begin here for those who need to have their knowledge of history refreshed. (See minute man national historical park, below.)

Lexington Green and nearby Buckman Tavern have been preserved since the Revolution as historic sites. At the southwest corner of the green is the Revolutionary Monument erected in 1799 to honor the eight minutemen killed here on the historic morning of 19 April 1775. To the rear is a tomb containing the remains of these men. The site of the old belfry, a landmark of the skirmish, is marked by a boulder. Another inscribed boulder indicates one flank of Captain John Parker's line of minutemen.

Buckman Tavern, on Hancock Street opposite the east side of the green, was the place where Parker's men assembled in the cold morning hours of the fateful day before making their stand. Built about 1690, with some structural changes made before 1775, the two-story white clapboard building remains virtually unaltered since the latter date. Its walls bear marks left by British musket balls.

The Hancock-Clarke House, 35 Hancock Street, sheltered John Hancock and Sam Adams when Paul Revere clattered up at midnight to warn that the British were coming. The provincial government had been established in Concord during the winter of 1774 to 1775, and these two Patriot leaders had been living in the house for almost a month. Hancock wanted to fall out with the Lexington militia, but when Revere got back to the house after being captured on his way to Concord he accompanied Hancock and Adams on their way out of town before returning to watch the shooting on the green. The house was built by the grandfather of John Hancock, and the latter spent seven years here as a boy. The earlier part dates from 1698, the more modern portion from 1734. In 1896 it was moved across the road to its present location. Among the historical treasures on display are the pistols of Major John Pitcairn, commander of the British advance guard engaged on Lexington Green. They were carried into the American lines in the saddle holsters of Pitcairn's horse during the action at Fiske Hill, where Pitcairn was thrown from his horse. General Israel Putnam used them during the Revolution.

Munroe Tavern, 1332 Massachusetts Avenue, was Lord Percy's command post while his forces were deployed in the area to cover the withdrawal of the British from Concord through Lexington. It served also as an aid station during this brief period. The clapboarded structure is southeast of the high ground on which Percy's two cannon were positioned astride the road from Lexington. Although the neighborhood is built up, large trees have survived around the tavern, and its tactical importance in this covering force action remains apparent. The older part of the building dates from 1695. An ell added a few years before the Revolution was removed later.

The three historic houses are administered by the Lexington Historical Society, and they schedule tours at varying times, so it is important to call ahead. Phone: (781) 862-2480.

The Old Burying Ground, beyond the green and near the Unitarian Church, has the grave of Captain John Parker. A reproduction of the Old Belfry is off Clarke Street, south of the green. The original stood here until 1668, when it was moved to the green, where it survived until 1909.

Menotomy

Menotomy. Detached from Cambridge after the Revolution, this village evolved into the crowded Boston suburb of Arlington. See russell (jason) house.

Minute Man National Historical Park

Minute Man National Historical Park, Lexington, Lincoln, and Concord counties. Phone: (978) 369-6993. Many landmarks of the running battle that started the American Revolution on 19 April 1775 have long been cherished historic sites in the relatively unspoiled New England countryside west of metropolitan Boston. Since the early 1990s these have been integrated into a 970-acre national historical park. Visitor information centers of various types, museums, interpretive displays, and signs have been established.

The North Bridge Visitors Center, located near the North Bridge that arched the flood just outside Concord village, has exhibits and a sound-slide program that will bolster one's previous knowledge of what happened here to touch off the shot heard round the world. It houses the famous Hancock Cannon, which may have been one of the cannons stolen from the British in September 1774.

The Minute Man Visitors' Center has informational services and literature, and features a multimedia theatric presentation, The Road To Revolution, which plays every thirty minutes.

The Battle Road unit of the park is the location of the Battle Road Trail, a 5-mile trail that connects the area's history with markers along the way. Hartwell Tavern is on the trail and is staffed as a living history center from May through October.

In a few hours on the ground you will learn more about the fighting at Lexington and Concord than you could by hours of reading, thanks primarily to the excellent orientation programs and special exhibits mentioned above. Landmarks of the momentous day are not restricted to the actions at Lexington and Concord, but they are best preserved in this area. Major sites are covered in the separate articles on lexington and concord. Moving back toward Boston over the routes of Paul Revere and William Dawes (who spread the alarm) and over the routes of British advance and retreat, you are in the built-up area of Greater Boston. The colonial topography is buried under streets and modern construction. The village of Menotomy has been renamed Arlington in becoming a suburb of modern Boston, but most other geographical names survive. (Mistic had changed to Medford by 1775.)

Shorelines of 1775 have long since disappeared, eliminating Boston Neck, over which Dawes rode, and Charlestown Neck, over which Revere rode and the British retreated. British embarkation and debarkation points for their movement across Back Bay from Boston Commons to Phips' Point are high and dry. Today's Massachusetts Avenue through Arlington and the northern half of Cambridge follows the colonial road along which the British moved out and back. At Somerville village they feinted as if going toward Boston Neck, then headed for Charlestown Neck.

An exceptionally good guide is Battle Road, by Maurice R. Cullen, Jr., with numerous sketch maps and other drawings by Howard L. Rich. The fifty-page paperback is available at the park's information centers.

The Old Burying Ground

The Old Burying Ground in Framingham (near Buckminster Square) contains the grave of Peter Salem, who received his freedom when he joined the Continental army. Salem is credited with shooting Major John Pitcairn at the Battle of Bunker Hill. Salem's tombstone sits off by itself in an isolated corner, a segregated graveyard of one.

The Parting Ways Archeological Site

The Parting Ways Archeological Site, Plymouth, investigates the site of a small community of black Continental soldiers led by Cato Howe. A small museum displays the dig's findings. The site is on Plympton Road just off Mass. 80. Call for an appointment, (617) 746-6028.

Quincy

Quincy, Norfolk County. The Adams National Historical Park, the John Adams Birthplace, and the John Quincy Adams Birthplace are National Historic Landmarks. Phone: (617) 770-1175. The first, featuring the Adams Mansion, is a memorial to the family that produced two presidents of the United States, the minister to Great Britain during the Civil War, and two distinguished historians. All resided at various times in what they called simply the Old House, now the Adams Mansion. The oldest part was built in 1731 by Major Leonard Vassall. John Adams bought it in 1787. During his presidency he added the large gabled ell and upstairs study. His son, grandson, and two great-grandsons made other additions. In 1946 the Adams Memorial Society donated the house and about five surrounding acres to the federal government.

About a mile south are the other Adams houses, which the Adams Memorial Society also donated to the federal government (National Park Service) in the mid-1970s. Neither of the typical saltboxes is architecturally significant, but both are historically important for their associations with the distinguished family.

The association of the Adamses with the three houses mentioned above is pertinent. The John Adams Birthplace, 133 Franklin Street, is the original homestead where John Adams was born and raised. In 1764 he married and moved into the adjoining house, now known as the John Quincy Adams Birthplace, 141 Franklin Street. Here Abigail and their son remained until after the Revolution, when they joined John Adams in Europe (1783–1788). After this they lived in the Old House, which is now called the Adams Mansion, bought in September 1787 before their return to the United States from England. John Quincy Adams bought both birthplaces from his father in 1803, living in his own birthplace house from 1805 to 1807.

John Adams retired from the presidency in 1801 and spent the rest of his years in the Old House, living to see his son elected president in 1826, on the fourth of July. By some strange numerology this was the fiftieth anniversary of the Declaration of Independence, and his last words are said to have been "Thomas Jefferson still survives." But by even stranger coincidence, Jefferson had died a few hours earlier at Monticello.

John Quincy Adams and his son Charles Francis (1807–1886) made the Old House their summer home. The latter's sons Henry (1838–1918) and Brooks (1848–1927) spent many of their summers there. The visitors center for the Adams National Historic Park is located in Quincy and features some interpretive material in addition to a gift shop. A trolley leaves from there and takes passengers for the forty-five-minute tour of the Adams's houses and a one-hour tour of the Old House. Phone: (617) 770-1175.

Royall (Isaac) House

Royall (Isaac) House, Medford. Architecturally this is one of America's finest and most interesting colonial houses. It is on the site of a house built about 1637 by Governor John Winthrop. Isaac Royall, a wealthy merchant of Antigua, and his son, a Loyalist who fled the country in 1775, made the extensive modifications of an older brick house that resulted in the handsome three-story structure. Their work dates from the periods 1733 to 1737 and 1747 to 1750; the original house with which they started was built around 1692.

Historically the Royall House is interesting for its association with several famous officers of the Revolution who used it during the siege of Boston. Colonel John Stark occupied the house while his regiment was camped in Medford before the Battle of Bunker Hill. General Washington was a frequent visitor after his arrival to take command of the Continental army.

In 1908 the Royall House Association acquired the property, which has been expertly restored. Outbuildings include brick slave quarters, built before 1737, and probably the only such structures still standing in Massachusetts. Among the historic objects displayed is a tea chest from the Boston Tea Party of 1773, one of the two or three surviving. The Royall House is open to the public for touring from 1 May to 1 October. For details write Royall House Association, 15 George Street, Medford, Mass. 02155.

Russell (Jason) House

Russell (Jason) House, 7 Jason Street, Arlington. The present town of 54,000 was the village of Menotomy in 1775. The traffic is bad today between Boston and Lexington, but on 19 April 1775 it was even more dangerous. Past the home of the fifty-eight-year-old Jason Russell clattered Paul Revere and William Dawes in their midnight rides to warn that the British were coming. The lame Russell escorted his family to safety and then returned to set up a barricade of shingles behind his gate, from which position he proposed to shoot the retreating British. The latter were pretty well fed up with this sort of thing by the time they got to Menotomy. Further, their flank security detachments were able to work effectively in the flat plain here, and the militia were not alert to this new development in their running fight. A body of Essex militia, flushed by British patrols moving to clear the flanks of the main column, headed for Russell's house. Russell fell dead in his doorway and eleven militiamen were killed in the house, but eight held out successfully in the basement.

The gray clapboard house of about 1680 was occupied by Russell's descendants until 1890. Turned around and moved back from the road, it was saved in 1923 by the Arlington Historical Society, carefully restored, and made into a house museum. Four rooms are furnished, two in the seventeenth- and the others in the eighteenth-century style. The Arlington Historical Society is located at 11 Academy Street, Arlington; phone: (703) 892-4204.

Salem and Salem Bridge

Salem and Salem Bridge, Essex County. The "shot heard round the world" might well have been fired here several weeks before Lexington and Concord, but the crisis was averted in an episode remembered primarily for its humorous aspect (if remembered at all). General Gage ordered an expedition from Boston to destroy nineteen brass cannon that were being fitted with carriages at Captain Robert Foster's forge near the North River Bridge. (This is what actually was going on there. Gage sent out the expedition on orders from London, where the authorities had information that cannon had been shipped to Salem from Europe.)

Lieutenant Colonel Alexander Leslie sailed with two hundred men of his Sixty-fourth Foot from Castle William to Marblehead Bay. About 2 p.m. on Sunday, 26 February 1775, the regulars started a 5-mile march to Salem. Colonel Timothy Pickering was alerted by a horseman, called his men out of church, and sent forty minutemen to remove the cannon from the forge. The British arrived on the scene to find the militia and a large crowd of hostile citizens on the far bank. A heroic Patriot knocked the bottom out of the only boat the British were able to secure, and the draw of the bridge leading to the forge had been opened. A Loyalist minister and the militia captain came up with an ingenious suggestion that would enable Leslie to carry out his orders without bloodshed: the British troops would be allowed to cross the bridge if they would then withdraw peacefully. The cannon had been hauled away; so Leslie went along with the plan and then retraced his route to Boston.

The affair is generally known by the name of Salem Bridge, but the cannon were hidden in the Salem "North Fields." The latter have long been covered by North Salem, all colonial structures being obliterated in the process. The present bridge carries North Street (Mass. 114) over railroad tracks and several industrial streets in a rundown section of Salem before crossing the tidal inlet of Salem Harbor that is North River. A bronze marker on the present bridge indicates the general location of the original structure. It is a site best visited by map.

Salem was settled in 1626 as a commercial venture, partly agricultural and partly as a wintering place for fishermen. After 1670 it was an important port, and Salem privateers were active in the Colonial Wars as well as the Revolution. When General Gage was appointed governor of the province in 1774 and instructed to put an end to the civil disorder that had been growing at an alarming rate, he tried to establish a new capital at Salem. Here the General Assembly met on 17 June of that year, protesting the move of their seat from Boston and locking the door against Gage's order to dissolve. In the complex political maneuvering that followed, the Patriot faction won out over the royal governor's efforts to establish a loyal body of legislators in Salem, and seated its own partisans in the lower house on 5 October 1774, the date set by Gage for the General Court to convene there. After waiting two days for the governor to arrive and open the session, which Gage refused to do, the Patriots adjourned to Concord and formed a revolutionary government.

Today Salem is a city where many historic sites have been preserved, although most of these are associated with the history of the city before and after the Revolution. The Salem Maritime Historic Site includes the house built in 1762 for Elias Hasket Derby and Derby Wharf. The Pioneers' Village in Forest River Park is a reproduction of a Puritan settlement. The House of Seven Gables (1668) at 54 Turner Street and the Witch House (1642) at 310 1/2 Essex Street are famous landmarks. The Peabody Museum, 161 Essex Street, has important collections including ship models and relics of the colonial and Revolutionary periods. Essex Institute (founded 1848) at 132 Essex Street has one of America's most important historical libraries and museums of the colonial and federal periods, including more than four hundred portraits. The Institute has four historic houses that are open to the public, two of these, near the museum, having been built long before the Revolution. The museum is open to the public year-round. Phone: (978) 744-3390.

Somerville

Somerville (formerly part of Charlestown), Greater Boston area. The Old Powder House still stands in a park just south of the busy traffic rotary at Broadway, College Avenue, and Powder House Boulevard, southeast of Tufts University. Here on Quarry Hill a stone windmill was built about 1703. In 1747 this was sold to become a gunpowder magazine for the colony, serving this purpose during the period 1756 to 1822. As signs of open rebellion in the countryside became increasingly evident, Governor Thomas Gage sent regulars from Boston to seize the 250 half-barrels of powder at Somerville (then Charlestown). While one detachment marched to Cambridge to confiscate two cannons there, another of about 250 troops went by boat from Boston's Long Wharf to Charlestown. The operations started at dawn on 1 September 1774 and were quickly performed, without incident. But the countryside was aroused, with results described in the section on cambridge.

The Old Powder House is a cylindrical tower about 30 feet tall with a beehive-shaped top. The blue stone walls are 2 feet thick, with the inner structure of brick. The tower stands on a rock outcropping in a small park known as Nathan Tufts Park.

Winter Hill and Prospect Hill survive only in placenames, whereas Ploughed Hill and Cobble Hill have not left even this trace.

The Springfield Armory National Historic Site

The Springfield Armory National Historic Site, operated by the National Park Service, contains the world's largest firearms collection, including many weapons from the Revolutionary War. The armory, the first gun manufactory in North America, opened in 1794 and ceased production in 1968. It is open year-round from Tuesday to Saturday, 10:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m., and is located on impressive grounds on Federal Street in Springfield. Phone: (413)734-8551.

Stockbridge

Stockbridge, Berkshire County. The Reverend John Sergeant in 1734 began his missionary work among the Housatonic tribe of the Mahican confederacy near where the village of Stockbridge was established about the same year. Several bands of the tribe were collected on a tract reserved for their use by the colonial government, and they became known as Stockbridge Indians. Many joined the British army in the Seven Years' War, which proved to be a disaster; their town suffered from raids that reduced the population to only two hundred. Yet they offered to form a company of minutemen when the Revolution started; the Massachusetts Provincial Congress accepted in March 1775, and the Stockbridge thus became the first Indians to enlist on either side in this war. They took part in several actions on the northern frontier, including the Battle of Bennington. Their elderly chief, Nimham, and seventeen warriors were killed in action on 31 August 1778 near Van Cortlandt Mansion, New York (see this heading under new york city: the bronx).

Several landmarks of the Revolution may be seen in the little town. The latter does not include descendants of the Stockbridge Indians, who abandoned their village during the period 1785 to 1787 and moved to a new Stockbridge in Madison County, New York. (Here their number grew to 300 by 1796, but in 1833 they moved to Green Bay, Wisconsin, whence they scattered.)

The home built in 1739 by John Sergeant, Mission House, is a museum on 19 Main Street. The museum and gift shop are open from Memorial Day to Columbus Day and guided house and garden tours are available. Phone: (413) 298-3239. A mile west is a large mound with an obelisk inscribed: "The Ancient Burial Place of the Stockbridge Indians, Friends of our Fathers." The site of the Indian mission is marked by the Field Chime Tower (1878), and the Stockbridge Library museum has tribal artifacts.

Landmarks of the American Revolution: Library of Military History

Massachusetts

views updated Jun 11 2018

MASSACHUSETTS

MASSACHUSETTS. One of the oldest settlements in British North America, Massachusetts was the site of the outbreak of the American Revolution (1775–1783), and later the state most closely associated with the movements to promote public education, to reform the care of the mentally ill, to abolish slavery, and to restrict immigration. Massachusetts's people refer to it either as "the state" or "the Commonwealth." At the close of the twentieth century, Massachusetts continued to be a national leader in business, politics, higher education, medicine, high technology, environmental protection, and the arts and sciences.

Topography

Massachusetts is the center of New England, as it is the only state that shares a border with four of the other states in the region. It is south of New Hampshire and Vermont, east of New York, and north of Connecticut and Rhode Island. Maine, which was part of the Commonwealth until it achieved its independence in 1820, is separated from Massachusetts by less than twenty miles of New Hampshire's Atlantic coast. The state's land area is 7,840 square miles, and it ranks forty-fifth among the states. Its highest point is Mount Greylock, 3,491 feet, which is in the northwest corner of the state, near Williamstown. Significant on the Atlantic coast is the state's highest drumlin, the Great Blue Hill, south of Boston, used for hiking, skiing, and as a nature preserve.

The Atlantic coastline is nearly 1,500 miles long, and includes Cape Ann, north of Boston; Cape Cod, south of Plymouth; and Buzzard's Bay, which washes the shores of New Bedford and Fall River, two venerable former textile mill towns, whose fame is derived from their participation in the whaling industry. In the Atlantic, south of Cape Cod, are the islands Martha's Vineyard (106 square miles) and Nantucket (46 square miles.)

The Connecticut River flows from north to south across the west central portion of the state and passes the industrial cities of Holyoke, Chicopee, and Springfield. The Taunton River in the southeastern corner of the state flows into an arm of Rhode Island's Narragansett Bay. The Merrimack, which flows from north to south within New Hampshire, flows from west to east after it enters Massachusetts. In this northeast corner of the state, the border with New Hampshire was set ten miles north of the Merrimack so that the communities situated along its banks could tend to their river without the complication of two separate state governments. The urban and suburban Charles River is eighty miles long, flows from south to north through some of the western suburbs, and empties into Boston Harbor. During the 1990s. the Metropolitan District Commission, a state agency, began reclaiming the banks of the Charles River—once abandoned public lands upon which adjacent residential and industrial property owners had encroached—by restoring the natural river banks and building a set of park-like pedestrian and bicycle pathways.

Perhaps equal in importance to the state's natural waterways is the system of manmade reservoirs and aqueducts that bring fresh water from the rural west to the state's urban east. During the 1930s, a dam on the Swift River near Ware created the Quabbin reservoir, under which four rural towns were submerged. The Quabbin water joins the older Wachusett water system. On its way to Boston the aqueduct crosses the Charles River on the high Echo Bridge at the river's spectacular Hemlock Gorge.

Population

The state's population at the turn of the twenty-first century continued to grow, but at a rate much lower than the nation as a whole. The population reached 6,349,097 in 2000 and the state ranked thirteenth (in size) among all the states. It ranked third in population living in urban areas and third in per capita income. The state ranked third in population density, and second in the percentage of foreign-born residents. It ranked eighth in the number of undocumented (illegal) immigrants. African Americans constituted 5.4 percent of the state's population and included large numbers from the Carribean, including

French-speaking Haitians. Hispanics made up 6.8 percent, Asians 3.8 percent, and people of mixed race 2.3 percent of the state's population.

With a highly concentrated population, Massachusetts nonetheless developed an awkward division between a predominantly white, financially comfortable, highly educated population in urban and suburban areas, and a poor and less educated population in the older neighborhoods and in manufacturing cities and former mill towns. The continuation of this division may be one of the state's most significant social problems. Massachusetts has in effect two separate and unequal societies, one marked by people with excellent housing, schools, libraries, and hospitals, with modern office buildings and laboratories; and other communities plagued by poor housing, modest schools, and many of the economic and social problems that stem from poverty. The state ranks first in the percentage of the population possessing college degrees, first in attracting out-of-state students to its colleges and universities, second in state spending for the arts, and third in per capita library holdings. But it is fiftieth in per capita state spending for public higher education, thirty-seventh in state aid per pupil for elementary and secondary schools, and among youths joining the military, the state ranked thirty-fourth on scores in the Armed Forces Qualification Test.

History

The history of the Commonwealth can be divided into four periods: colonial, federal, industrial, and the present era, high technology and services.

The first successful English settlement north of Virginia was that of the Pilgrim Separatists, who had been religious refugees in Holland. Their party, consisting of 101 passengers, which included hired (non-Separatist) workmen, arrived at the site of Plymouth in late December 1620. The group was quartered on the anchored Mayflower during a hard winter in which half of their number died. In the spring they were joined by Squanto, an English-speaking Native American who had been a victim of Spanish slavers but was able to return to the site of his youth, where he found that his tribe had been wiped out by a plague. He joined the Pilgrims and taught them how to hunt, fish, and farm. He helped in the construction of Plymouth Plantation but died two years after joining the colony. After a supply ship arrived at Plymouth in 1621, the Pilgrims were able to trade with the Native Americans one hundred miles along the coastline.

The success of the Pilgrims encouraged other English settlers to visit, trade, and establish towns, and early trading posts and settlements were established at Salem, Weymouth, Wollaston, and Gloucester. The most important settlement came with the chartered Massachusetts Bay Company. Its first wave included 800 settlers together with livestock and building materials. These Puritans initially chose Charlestown as the site of their capital, but before a year passed they moved to the Shawmut peninsula, where a spring was found. If the Puritans had remained in Charlestown, situated at the junction of two rivers, with plenty of space and good overland routes to the interior, they would have engaged in agriculture, fishing, and timber harvesting, as well as trade. But the move to Boston on the small peninsula forced their colony to grow as a seaport and trading center.

This early Boston was a theocracy in which the ministers instructed the civil officers. Those like Anne Hutchinson, whose orthodoxy was questioned, were exiled, while troublesome Quakers like Anne Dyer were put to death. Literacy was important and a printing press was set up. Primary schools were followed by the founding of the Boston Latin School, and Harvard College one year later. Located at the midpoint of British North America, Boston became the region's largest city and chief transshipment point. The Congregational churches were self-governing and merchants overtook ministers as the leaders of the colony, yet church and state were unified until 1833, and in most towns the same buildings were used both for worship and for town meetings.

The cultural achievement of the Bay Colony was significant. Boston became a center of fine furniture production. John Singleton Copley and Gilbert Stuart painted great portraits, and Paul Revere's silver bowls are widely admired. The Old State House, the Old North Church, the Old South Meeting House, the King's Chapel, Harvard's Massachusetts Hall, and Christ Church, Cambridge are exemplary and surviving works of architecture. Also important were the newspapers and pamphlets, which together with discussions in taverns, led to the coming of the American Revolution.

The Federal period was a time of great population growth and achievements in many fields. Shays' Rebellion (1786) was a result of a post–Revolutionary War recession. Many of the farmers in the Connecticut Valley were in debt and faced foreclosures of their properties. Shays, a Revolutionary War veteran, led an unsuccessful raid on the United States arsenal in Springfield in an attempt to arm the threatened farmers so that they could shut down the courthouses where foreclosures would take place, before the legislature could meet and enact a moratorium on foreclosures. The rebellion and the threat of a mortgage moratorium frightened well-to-do citizens throughout the nation; historians connect this rebellion with the calling of the Philadelphia Convention of 1787, which wrote the second (present) U.S. Constitution, which created a stronger central government and forbids the states from enacting laws impairing the obligations of contracts.

The land area of Boston grew through the filling-in of the peninsula's tidal basins. The top sixty feet of rock and soil of the steep Beacon Hill was leveled to create a site for the nation's oldest prestige neighborhood. The debris from this project was dumped into the millpond to create the West End. Later the South End, and still later the Back Bay, were graceful neighborhoods built on filled land.

Charles Bullfinch was the outstanding architect and developer of this period. His Tontine Crescent combined town houses with a public library. His New State House (1797), Massachusetts General Hospital (1823), the First Harrison Gray Otis House (1796), and his North Hanover Street Church (1804) are all on the National Registry of historic Places. Alexander Parris's Cathedral of Saint Paul (1820), Quincy Marketplace adjacent to Faneuil Hall (1826), and the Unitarian Church of the Presidents in Quincy are all noteworthy. Also important are the African Meeting House (1806), the first church and social center in the nation that a black community built for its own use, and the Abiel Smith School (1835), the first publicly supported school for black children. In 1855, the Legislature outlawed racial segregation in the public schools of the Commonwealth.

Massachusetts leadership in the antislavery movement was crucial. William Lloyd Garrison of Newbury-port founded the American Anti-Slavery Society in 1833. Amos Adams Lawrence financed members of the anti-slavery movement who moved to Kansas in an attempt to bring that territory into the Union as a free state. Lawrence also financed John Brown, a Springfield woolen merchant, in his trips to Kansas, where five slavery advocates were put to death, and to Harpers Ferry, Virginia, where a United States arsenal was attacked in 1859.

The creation of the Massachusetts State Board of Education in 1837, with Horace Mann as its leader, provided for publicly supported schools throughout the state, and two years later the nation's first public teachers' college was founded here. Mount Holyoke College, the nation's first women's college, was founded in 1837.

From 1845 to 1945 the United States became the greatest industrial, financial, and military power in the world, and in the first half of that period, New England, and especially Massachusetts, was the chief focus of these developments.

In 1813, in Waltham, the Boston Manufacturing Company built the first factory where raw cotton was processed into finished cloth in a single building. Four decades later, the Waltham Watch Company began the manufacture of machine-made watches, which prospered there for nine decades. The textile industry took a major step with the formation of the Merrimack Manufacturing Company and the establishment of Lowell as a company-owned, cotton-weaving town in 1822. Downstream, in 1845, Boston financiers founded Lawrence, which quickly became the nation's most important worsted (woolen) weaving center. The great Lawrence strike of 1912 was widely recognized as a major victory for the American working man. Brockton was the leading center for shoe manufacturing before the Civil War (1861–1865), and the site of an experimental electric streetcar line. Lynn was also a leading shoe-producing city, and it had General Electric's major engine facility. Worcester could boast of a variety of wire-making, metal machine tool, and shoe factories. The United States Armory at Springfield produced small arms for the military services for nearly eighteen decades until its closing in 1968. Its existence provided work for scores of metalworking and machine shops in Springfield and adjacent towns.

By the 1860s, two hundred mills, most situated at waterpower sites within a hundred miles of Boston, made Massachusetts the most important industrial state in the union. In the early decades of the twentieth century, General Electric was the state's largest industrial employer. Raytheon was the leader of the state's large electronics industry. This entry could be filled with a listing of American industries that had their beginnings or early expansion in the Commonwealth.

The decades following the Civil War were an era of accomplishment for the fine arts. Boston's Museum of Fine Arts built its first home at Copley Square, which opened to the public in 1876. The Worcester Art Museum dates from 1896. The Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum in Boston, and the Sterling and Francine Clark Art Institute in Williamstown, house magnificent personal art collections. Important art museums are found on the campuses of Harvard, Williams, Smith, and other colleges and universities in the state. The Boston Symphony was endowed in 1881 and its magnificent hall was opened in 1900. The Boston Public Library was the first of the large city libraries in the nation. Its McKim building, named for its architect, was opened in 1895 and remains one of the great treasure houses of the nation.

The first digital computer was built at Harvard University in 1944. Massachusetts is second only to California in the high-technology industry. More than 30,000 scientists and engineers, all with advanced degrees, live and work in the Boston region. Their efforts are matched by perhaps 60,000 technically trained blue-collar workers.

Immigration

Immigration, emigration, and social mobility have changed what was once called the tribal nature of the Common-wealth's social system. The historic enmity between wealthy Protestants of English ancestry and working-class Irish Catholics that existed in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries is difficult to detect today. Relations among and between other immigrant groups are friendly and respectful. In 1975, the controversy over the busing of students to remedy racial segregation in the Boston public schools caused violence to occur in several blue-collar Irish-identified older neighborhoods and heightened tensions throughout the region. But the city and the state entered the twenty-first century with these tensions much reduced, if not entirely eliminated. The only evidence of racial negativism in the political sphere may be detected in the failure of the black and Hispanic populations to win citywide elections in Boston and Democratic Party nominations to county and statewide offices. Immigration during the last quarter of the twentieth century brought many new people from nations not previously settled here to the state and its cities and towns. The number of foreign-born residents rose from 573,733 in 1990 to 756,165 in 2000. (The economic prosperity of the 1990s may have played an important role here.)

Economics

Economic trends that began in the decades prior to World War II continued in the closing decades of the century. There was the almost complete displacement of the textile, garment, shoe, machinery, and food-processing industries. Over fishing is a major threat to the state's ocean fishing fleet. High costs associated with cold winters, lack of fossil fuels, failure to develop sustainable power sources, and a location distant from national markets and raw materials, together with unionized workers and a relatively high state minimum wage scale, made competition in manufacturing with Sunbelt states and the less industrialized nations difficult. The state's prosperity rests on its high-technology, electronics, investment (finance), higher education, medical research, and service industries, which replaced the older manufacturing industries.

During the recessions of the early 1970s and the late 1980s, state government was plagued by unbalanced budgets, high unemployment, and increases in public assistance spending. The recovery of the 1980s was called the "Massachusetts miracle." High technology took root in the 1960s and, supported by military research and breakthroughs in electronics and miniaturization, produced the economic turnaround. Expansion of architecture and engineering firms, centers for medical treatment and research, and graduate and professional education also were important. Within the post-1960 economic revival, unemployment soared to 11.2 percent in 1975 but dropped to 3.2 percent in 1987. During the 1990s, unemployment ranged from 9.6 percent in 1991 to 2.5 percent in 2000.

Important to the economic revival was the scientific and technologic excellence of the state's research universities, especially the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard. Government-sponsored research conducted here during World War II and the Cold War decades produced many military breakthroughs, some with civilian applications. Another factor was the region's skilled manpower, especially in machine tools, which provided an abundance of trained technicians. Massachusetts has entered the twenty-first century with several other strong and large research universities moving into positions of national prominence. Included here are Boston University and Boston College, whose assets exceed $1 billion each. Northeastern University has pioneered in placing its students in a vast array of work experiences. Important smaller research universities include Tufts in Medford and Somerville, Brandeis in Waltham, and Clark and Worcester Polytechnic Institute in Worcester. Also significant is the five-campus University of massachusetts system that includes a large graduate school in Amherst and a medical school in Worcester.

Office and hotel construction in Boston and elsewhere in the state was meager in the decades between 1920 and 1960, but in response to the business revival after 1960 many office, apartment, and hotel towers were built in Boston, and were matched by numerous office buildings, factories, laboratories, warehouses, hotels, and shopping malls erected at almost every interchange of the Boston region's pioneering circumferential highway, Route 128. The area adjacent to this highway, west of the research universities in Cambridge, contains one of the nation's most important concentrations of high-technology industries. Within the city of Boston, Mayor John Collins (1960–1968) and redevelopment director Edward Logue pursued one of the largest and boldest redevelopment programs in the nation, which focused on both the city's business and government office building centers and a cross-section of older neighborhoods.

Transportation

Prior to the 1970s the state government may have been antiquated, burdened by patronage, and unable to plan and coordinate continued economic development, but in the last three decades of the twentieth century there were several notable achievements. The Massachusetts Port Authority expanded and modernized Boston's Logan Airport, the eighth largest in the nation in terms of the number of passengers served. In 1970 Governor Francis Sargent, in a prophetic move, declared a moratorium on highway construction within the Route 128 perimeter. Two years later, the Boston Transportation Planning Review proposed major extensions and improvements of the region's rail-oriented Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority, including both the rapid transit system serving Boston and its immediate suburbs, and the region's commuter rail system. Entering the twenty-first century, the rapid transit system's four major lines carried 250,000 passengers on the average workday. The bus system carried 170,000 passengers, commuter rail lines carried 33,000 passengers, and commuter boats carried 2,000. (These figures assume that passengers take two trips each day.)

The decade of the 1990s witnessed the restoration of the Old Colony commuter rail line serving suburban communities south of Boston. The region's first "busway" (highway lanes and paved transit tunnels built to accommodate certain types of buses) will serve a corridor in one of Boston's oldest residential neighborhoods, the new U.S. courthouse, and a planned business, hotel, and convention area in the South Boston waterfront, and is scheduled for completion in 2003. Planning is under way for a circumferential transit ring, approximately two miles from the business core, which will connect several low-income neighborhoods to two major medical centers, the airport, and declining warehouse and industrial areas. This wealth of public transportation facilities serves to preserve the historic and business areas of Boston as perhaps the most walk-friendly city center in the nation.

Boston's Central Artery and Tunnel project, a ghost of the 1950s automobile-oriented highway mind-set, is scheduled for completion in 2005, and is expected to cost nearly $15 billion, making it the nation's most expensive highway project. Called "The Big Dig," it includes replacing an elevated expressway with an eight-lane underground roadway, the world's widest bridge to carry traffic across the Charles River, a four-lane harbor tunnel connecting the downtown with the airport, and a vast amount of highway spaghetti providing links to all the downtown area's highways and expressways. A significant failure of this project is the lack of a one-mile rail link between the city's two major rail terminals. This causes passengers from Maine and the New Hampshire coastal towns to have to take a taxi or a complicated transit trip If they intend to proceed by rail south or west of Boston.

Politics

Massachusetts voters may be the most liberal in the nation. Democratic presidential candidates carry the state by the widest margins, or lose it by the narrowest margins, in the nation. The state's delegation in Congress is entirely composed of liberal Democrats. Democrats control both houses of the legislature with overwhelming majorities. Michael Dukakis, a Democrat, was the only governor to serve more than seven years. He served three full four-year terms. Democrats also have had success in winning election to the state's four lesser constitutional offices (attorney general, treasurer, auditor, and secretary of state). But Republicans and conservative Democrats had remarkable success in winning the governorship during the last quarter of the century. In 1978 a conservative Democrat, Edward J. King, was elected governor, and in 1990 a moderate Republican, William Weld, was elected over a conservative Democrat, John Silber. Weld was reelected in 1994, but chose not to serve his full second term. In 1998, his successor, Lieutenant Governor Paul Cellucci, was elected to a full term, but when nominated to be ambassador to Canada, he vacated the governorship to his lieutenant governor, Jane Swift, who assumed office at age thirty-six, making her the youngest woman ever to serve as one of the nation's governors. Upon leaving office, both King and Weld have pursued their careers out-side of the state.

Massachusetts's political party organizations may be among the weakest in the nation. On even-numbered years the use of the office block form, which scatters party nominees almost at random across the ballot, weakens party awareness. Nonpartisan local elections deprive party organizations of needed exercise during odd-numbered years, when local officials are elected. In 2000, 36 percent of voters were enrolled Democrats, 14 percent were enrolled Republicans, and 50 percent chose not to enroll in either party. Almost all candidates in both partisan and nonpartisan elections must build personal political organizations for raising campaign funds and for getting out the vote on Election Day. In a referendum in 1998 the voters, by a two-thirds margin, enacted a system of state-financed election campaigns, but the legislature has failed to provide funds for the system, and the issue is being argued in the state courts.

Culture and the Arts

Massachusetts is the home of an unrivaled array of cultural and educational institutions. The Boston Symphony Orchestra is admired around the world. In addition to its traditional season of concerts in Symphony Hall, its summer activities include the Boston Pops, free concerts on the Esplanade, and Tanglewood, its vacation home in the Berkshires. The state has other magnificent music halls and conservatories. Down the street from the Symphony is Berklee, the only four-year college in the nation devoted solely to jazz and contemporary popular music. In the field of the visual arts, the collections and galleries of the Museum of Fine Arts rival the world's greatest museums, but the state also has major collections of art displayed in magnificent buildings in Worcester, Williams-town, Salem, North Adams, and at several sites on the Harvard campus in Cambridge. Smith and Wellesley Colleges have important fine arts museums on their campuses. Boston's outstanding Children's Museum shares a former warehouse with the Computer Museum. Brookline is the host to a museum of transportation, and New Bedford has its whaling museum. The large and popular Museum of Science is located adjacent to a dam on the Charles River. Harvard has several important science museums and is most famous for its collection of glass flowers.

Land and Conservation

From the Berkshires to Cape Cod, Massachusetts is a place of natural beauty, and the need to safeguard this resource for healthy environments and spiritual delights is well understood. Boston's historic Common may be the nation's oldest public park. All levels of government and a variety of citizens' organizations share in protecting the Commonwealth's lands and waters. The National Park Service maintains fourteen parks and historical sites in Massachusetts, including the Cape Cod National Seashore. The state system of parks and forests consists of 170 properties (298,000 acres). The Boston Metropolitan Park System, designed by Frederick Law Olmsted and Charles Eliot, is known as the Emerald Necklace and comprises 20,000 acres of parks, woodlands, wetlands, and beaches, and 162 miles of landscaped parkways, all located within fifteen miles of the statehouse in Boston.

The Trustees of Reservations was organized by private parties to protect the Massachusetts landscape in 1891. It owns 91 reservations (22,545 acres) that are open to the public, and it protects 202 additional properties (13,314 acres) with conservation restrictions. Massachusetts Audubon (independent of the national organization) owns 60 sanctuaries (25,794 acres). The Charles River Watershed Association, supported by membership contributions of 5,200 individuals and organizations, serves as a guardian of this valued resource. No other citizens' group focused on a river valley has attracted and held the support of so many dues-paying people. Massachusetts is first among the states in the number of local and regional conservation land trusts. These include 143 trusts, which own and protect 210,000 scenic acres.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Bluestone, Barry, and Mary Huff Stevenson. The Boston Renaissance: Race, Space, and Economic Change in an American Metropolis. New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 2000.

Dukakis, Michael S., and Rosabeth Moss Kanter. Creating theFuture: The Massachusetts Comeback and Its Promise for America. New York: Summit Books, 1988.

Encyclopedia of Massachusetts, Biographical—Genealogical. New York: The American Historical Society, 1984.

Hovey, Kendra A., and Howard A. Hovey. CQ's State Fact Finder2000: Rankings Across America Washington, D.C.: Congressional Quarterly Books, 2000.

Keating, Raymond J., and Thomas Keating. US by the Numbers: Figuring What's Left, Right, and Wrong with America State by State. Sterling, Va.: Capital Books, 2000.

Kennedy, Lawrence W. Planning the City Upon a Hill: Boston Since1630. Amherst: University of massachusetts Press, 1992.

Lampe, David, ed. The Massachusetts Miracle: High Technology andEconomic Revitalization. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1988.

Lukas, J. Anthony. Common Ground: A Turbulent Decade in theLives of Three American Families. New York: Knopf, 1985.

Rand, Christopher. Cambridge, USA: Hub of a New World. New York: Oxford University Press, 1964.

RogerFeinstein

Dictionary of American History Feinstein, Roger

Massachusetts

views updated May 21 2018

MASSACHUSETTS

Mid-eighteenth century Massachusetts was an overwhelmingly white, English, Congregationalist colony, with a population of about 175,000, second only to Virginia. In the years since the landing of the Pilgrims, the colonists had created two rather distinct worlds—a culture of small farms and small towns in the interior, and a maritime culture along the Atlantic coast.

Typical inland farmers produced largely for their households rather than for markets and relied on family, neighbors, and town for their protection and nurture. Devoted to the republican ideal of a virtuous moral community, they placed the common good ahead of individualism and were suspicious of commercial society. Yet markets and a cash economy existed in the countryside, and a different, liberal ideal, stressing the rights of individuals and capital, was gaining ground.

The liberal ideal was more advanced in the seaports, where merchants were making profits in the British trading system. Their ships arrived regularly with tea, fish, molasses, whale oil, and manufactured goods and left with rum, dried fish, lumber, and other products. Massachusetts led all colonies in distilling, sugar refining, ship building, and tonnage of incoming and outgoing ships. In 1750 Boston was the largest port on the Atlantic coast.

The steady hum of commerce fostered a cosmopolitan culture that was less homogeneous and more individualistic and refined than in the backcountry. In 1775 the seaports had almost as many dissenting churches as Congregational. A large nonfarming population, including some African Americans, both slave and free, created a widening gap between poor laborers and rich merchants like John Hancock, who in 1771 had savings of 16,000 pounds earning interest. Boston boasted four newspapers, four marine insurance offices, and a major royal post office. It was also known for its handsome Georgian-style buildings, the portraits of John Singleton Copley, and, across the Charles River, Harvard College (founded 1636).

The provincial government of Massachusetts dated back to the royal charter of 1691. A powerful governor, appointed by the king, had absolute authority to appoint judges, veto bills from the legislature, and dissolve the House of Representatives. There was no religious test for voting and only a moderate property qualification. Congregationalism was the established religion, supported by town taxes. The system worked well, but most colonists

considered town government more important than provincial government.

Despite its established position, Congregationalism was under attack. In 1740 the eloquent English revivalist George Whitefield warned large crowds in Boston that no one could be saved without having undergone a deep, personal religious experience. His sermons buttressed a similar message from Jonathan Edwards and other American revivalists. The Great Awakening, as the movement was called, drew many Congregationalists away from the orthodox church.

After the French and Indian War (1754–1763), the British Parliament began to levy heavy taxes on the colonies. The new policy triggered a sharp reaction in Boston, where friction already existed between a royal party led by Lieutenant Governor Thomas Hutchinson and an opposition championed by men such as John Hancock, Samuel Adams, and James Otis, who had influence over the Boston workingmen. When Parliament passed the Stamp Act in 1765, mobs of workers destroyed Hutchinson's home.

From then on Massachusetts was on the leading edge of the American Revolution. The Massachusetts legislature sent out the first circular letter, the Boston Massacre inflamed public opinion, and the Boston Tea Party brought on the war. Parliament made it almost inevitable that the war would start in Massachusetts when it closed the port of Boston, sent in troops, and restricted the holding of town meetings. Ironically, the fighting began, not in the seaport where the controversy had flourished, but in Lexington and Concord, two country towns. In the months that followed, a Massachusetts leader, John Adams (cousin of Samuel) played a dominant role in the Continental Congress, chairing many committees and persuading the Congress to issue the Declaration of Independence.

transition, 1775–1789

Adams also drew up the new Massachusetts state constitution (ratified 1780), the first ever adopted by

Total Population of Massachusetts
Year	Total Population	Black Population	Native American Population
Note: Figures given here do not include Maine, which was governed by Massachusetts until 1820 but is not covered by this article.
1750	c. 175,000	c. 4,500 (of which, slaves c. 2,000)	c. 1,500
1770	235,000	—	—
1790	379,000	5,463	—
1800	423,000	—	—
1810	472,000	—	—
1820	523,000	—	—
1830	610,000	7,049	—

a specially elected convention and ratified by the people. The constitution was a conservative document. The governor, who was given limited power to veto and appoint, was stronger than governors in other states. The property qualification for voting was retained and was not removed until 1821. African Americans, however, were allowed to vote, and slavery was abolished. The constitution failed to end the establishment of religion, but it protected the rights of all denominations. The document was a setback for the interior because it established a powerful central government that would overshadow the towns and gave the large coastal towns proportionately more representation in the lower house than the small interior towns.

Another setback for the interior came in 1786–1787 when the governor used the power of the state to suppress Shays's Rebellion, a farm movement in central Massachusetts demanding relief from foreclosures and high taxes. The rebellion was a fruitless attempt to maintain the republican ideal of a moral economy regulated by the towns. The failure of the rebels reflected the steady gains of liberal ideas.

A year later, when a Massachusetts convention met to consider the United States Constitution, a majority of the delegates were opposed to ratification, especially many from the interior who resisted the idea of a strong national government. But again the seacoast had its way, and, despite a better than twoto-one vote against it by the delegates from the inland counties, the Constitution was ratified by a tiny majority.

in the united states, 1789–1829

For the next twenty-five years, the Federalists, who had supported the Constitution, dominated Massachusetts politics. They controlled the major seacoast counties of Essex and Suffolk as well as Hampshire County in the Connecticut River Valley and represented the powerful Congregational, maritime, and financial interests of the state. Their opponents, the Republicans, won the support of religious dissenters and the counties west and south of Boston. After 1800 some of the Massachusetts Federalists became so frustrated with national Republican policies that they started a sectional resistance. In 1803–1804 Essex County Federalists tried unsuccessfully to form a Northern Confederacy to secede from the Union. Later the Federalists opposed the War of 1812 and called the Hartford Convention (1814–1815), which, again unsuccessfully, proposed states' rights amendments to the Constitution.

In the 1820s the Federalists merged with centrist Republicans to form a state party, led by John Adams's son, John Quincy Adams. Partisan Republicans reorganized under the banner of Andrew Jackson. In the presidential election of 1828, in which the Adams party carried Massachusetts but Jackson won the presidency, Massachusetts was again out of step in national politics.

But not in the economy. The movement of people into western Massachusetts and the spread of a market economy brought changes that blurred the distinction between seacoast and interior. Labor and investment capital were now available in the west as well as the east. New turnpikes had been built connecting Boston with Albany and New York City. Canals were dug between the Merrimack River and Boston and between the inland town of Worcester and Narragansett Bay.

The changing face of the interior was one of the elements in the rise of cotton manufacturing. Between 1790 and 1812 entrepreneurs built scores of tiny cotton mills between Worcester and Rhode Island. But large-scale manufacturing did not begin until trade restrictions prompted seacoast merchants to look for new forms of investment. In 1813 Francis Cabot Lowell and Patrick Tracy Jackson of Boston raised the enormous sum of $400,000 and organized the Boston Manufacturing Company. Within a year they had set up a factory in Waltham, near Boston, where for the first time in America the entire process of manufacturing cotton textiles took place under one roof.

Eight years later Jackson and others founded a new town on the Merrimack River, named Lowell, which would devote itself solely to textile manufacturing, with young farm women running most of the machines. By 1834 six companies were operating nineteen cotton mills at Lowell, and Massachusetts had become the leading cotton manufacturing state in the Union.

Meanwhile the spread of Methodist and Baptist churches and the rise of Unitarianism had accelerated the decline of the Congregational Church. The struggle with Unitarianism came to a head in 1805–1806 when Harvard College, where Congregational ministers were traditionally educated, selected Unitarians as Hollis Professor of Divinity and president of the college. In Boston church after church went over to Unitarianism, and the orthodox Congregationalists were forced to found a seminary at Andover in Essex County. The official end of Congregational dominance came in 1833, when a constitutional amendment did away with an established religion.

The overturning of the Congregational churches took place during the rise of a new Boston under the leadership of the architect Charles Bulfinch, who served as chairman of the selectmen between 1799 and 1817. Bulfinch left an indelible mark with his Massachusetts State House (1800), his graceful street patterns, and his plans for filling in coves to increase the available land mass. Boston grew from a town of eighteen thousand in 1790 to a city of sixty thousand in 1830.

In less than a century Massachusetts had made the transition from an agrarian, maritime British colony culturally divided between seacoast and interior to an American state in which all sections were becoming increasingly involved in manufacturing.

bibliography

Brooke, John L. The Heart of the Commonwealth: Society and Political Culture in Worcester County, Massachusetts, 1713–1861. Cambridge, U.K., and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1989.

Brown, Richard D. Massachusetts: A Bicentennial History. New York: Norton, 1978.

Clark, Christopher. The Roots of Rural Capitalism: Western Massachusetts, 1780–1860. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1990.

Dalzell, Robert F. Enterprising Elite: The Boston Associates and the World They Made. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1987; New York: Norton, 1993.

Formisano, Ronald P. The Transformation of Political Culture: Massachusetts Parties, 1790s–1840s. New York: Oxford University Press, 1983.

Handlin, Oscar, and Mary Flug Handlin. Commonwealth—A Study of the Role of Government in the American Economy: Massachusetts, 1774–1861. Rev. ed. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969.

Rothenberg, Winifred Barr. From Market-Places to a Market Economy: The Transformation of Rural Massachusetts, 1750–1850. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992.

Donald B. Cole

Encyclopedia of the New American Nation