Goldenberg-Getroitman, Lazar
GOLDENBERG-GETROITMAN, LAZAR
GOLDENBERG-GETROITMAN, LAZAR (1846–1916), Russian revolutionary and one of the first Jewish socialists in Russia. Goldenberg was born in the Kherson district. He joined the revolutionary movement as a young man, when he was studying at the Technological Institute in Peterburg. He was arrested for incitement of the farmers not to pay taxes. He escaped to Switzerland where he became secretary of the Slavic department of the International League of Socialist Revolutionaries. After he was expelled from Switzerland he went to London in 1876 and established the Agudat ha-Sozialistim ha-Ivrim (the Jewish Socialist Organization) with Aaron *Lieberman, which was probably the first of its kind in the world. On a visit to Romania in 1881, Goldenberg was seized and handed over to the Russian authorities but managed to escape a second time. He tried to live in Paris but was expelled for his revolutionary activities. He lived for ten years in New York, where he organized the Russian revolutionary activities abroad and for many years afterward managed a publishing house in London which produced books on socialist subjects in Russian, among them Khaim Zhitlovskis' "Jews to Jews." From 1891 to 1900 Goldenberg published an English monthly Free Russia. His memoirs appeared posthumously (1924) in Russian in the Moscow periodical Katorga i ssylka (nos. 3, 4, 5, 6).