Appendices

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Appendices

Appendix I: Signers of the Declaration of Independence
StateBirthdateBirthplaceAge at SigningOccupationDeath DateAge at Death
Adams, JohnMA10/30/1735Quincy, MA40Lawyer7/4/182690
Adams, SamuelMA9/27/1722Boston, MA53Politician10/2/180381
Bartlett, JosiahNH11/21/1729Amesbury, MA46Physician5/19/179565
Braxton, CarterVA9/10/1736Newington, VA39Planter Merchant,
Planter
10/10/179761
Carroll, Charles (of Carrollton)MD9/19/1737Annapolis, MD3811/14/183295
Chase, SamuelMD4/17/1741Somerset Co., MD35Lawyer6/19/181170
Clark, AbrahamNJ2/15/1726Elizabethtown, NJ50Surveyor9/15/179468
Clymer, GeorgePA3/16/1739Philadelphia, PA37Merchant1/24/181373
Ellery, WilliamRI12/22/1727Newport, RI48Lawyer, Merchant2/15/182092
Floyd, WilliamNJ12/17/1734Brookhaven, NY41Land Speculator8/4/182186
Franklin, BenjaminPA1/17/1706Boston, MA70Printer, scientist4/17/179084
Gerry, ElbridgeMA7/17/1744Marblehead, MA32Merchant11/23/181470
Gwinnett, ButtonGA1735Gloucester, England41Merchant, Planter5/15/177742
Hall, LymanGA4/12/1724Wallingford, CT52Physician, Minister10/19/179066
Hancock, JohnMA1/12/1737Quincy, MA40Merchant10/8/179356
Harrison, BenjaminVA4/7/1726Charles City Co., VA65Planter4/24/179165
Hart, JohnNJ1714Hopewell, NJ62Landowner5/11/177965
Hewes, JosephNY1/23/1730Kingston, NJ46Merchant10/10/177949
Heyward, ThomasSC7/28/1746St. Helena Parish, SC30Lawyer, Planter3/6/180962
Hooper, WilliamNC6/17/1742Boston, MA34Lawyer10/14/179048
Hopkins, StephenRI3/7/1707Providence, RI69Merchant4/13/178578
Hopkinson, FrancisNJ10/2/1737Philadelphia, PA38Lawyer, Composer5/9/179153
Huntington, SamuelCT7/3/1731Windham, CT45Lawyer1/5/179664
Jefferson, ThomasVA4/13/1743Albemarle Co., VA33Lawyer, Planter7/4/182683
Lee, Francis LightfootVA10/14/1734Mt. Pleasant, VA41Planter1/11/179762
Lee, Richard HenryVA1/20/1732Stratford, VA44Planter6/19/179462
Lewis, FrancisNY3/21/1713Llandaff, Wales63Merchant12/30/180289
Livingston, PhilipNY1/15/1716Albany, NY60Merchant6/12/177862
Lynch, Thomas, Jr.SC8/5/1749Winyah, SC26Lawyer177930
McKean, ThomasDE3/19/1735Chester Co., PA42Lawyer6/24/181783
Middleton, ArthurSC6/26/1742Charleston, SC34Planter1/1/178744
Morris, LewisNY4/8/1726Westchester Co., NY50Landowner1/22/179871
Morris, RobertPA1/31/1734Liverpool, England42Merchant5/8/180672
Morton, JohnPA1725Tinicum, PA51Farmer, Lawyer4/1/177752
Nelson, Thomas, Jr.VA12/26/1738Yorktown, VA37Merchant, Planter1/4/178950
Paca, WilliamMD10/31/1740Abington, MD35Lawyer, Planter10/13/179958
Paine, Robert TreatMA3/11/1731Boston, MA45Lawyer5/12/181483
Penn, JohnNC5/6/1740Carolina Co., VA36Lawyer9/14/178848
Read, GeorgeDE9/18/1733Cecil Co., MD42Lawyer9/21/179865
Rodney, CaesarDE10/7/1728Dover, DE47Landowner6/29/178455
Ross, GeorgePA5/10/1730New Castle, DE46Lawyer7/14/177949
Rush, BenjaminPA1/4/1746Philadelphia, PA30Physician4/19/181367
Rutledge, EdwardSC11/23/1749Christ Church Parish, SC26Lawyer, Planter1/23/180050
Sherman, RogerCT4/19/1721Newton, MA55Surveyor, Merchant7/23/179372
Smith, JamesPA9/17/1719Ireland57Lawyer7/11/180687
Stockton, RichardNJ10/1/1730Princeton, NJ45Lawyer2/28/178150
Stone, ThomasMD1743Durham Parish, MD33Lawyer10/5/178744
Taylor, GeorgePA1716?Ireland60Ironmaster2/23/178165
Thornton, MatthewNH1714?Ireland62Physician6/24/180389
Walton, GeorgeGA1749?Cumberland Co., VA?27Lawyer2/2/180455
Whipple, WilliamNH1/14/1730Kittery, ME46Merchant11/28/178555
Williams, WilliamCT3/18/1731Lebanon, CT45Merchant8/2/181180
Wilson, JamesPA9/14/1742Carskerdo, Scotland33Lawyer8/21/179855
Witherspoon, JohnNJ2/5/1723Gifford, Scotland53Minister11/15/179471
Wolcott, OliverCT11/20/1726Windsor, CT49Lawyer12/1/179771
Wythe, GeorgeVA1726?Elizabeth City Co., VA50Lawyer6/8/180680
Appendix II: Delegates to the Continental Congress
MemberYears served
CONNECTICUT
Andrew Adams1778–1782
Josiah P. Cooke1784–1785, 1787–1788
Silas Deane1774–1776
Eliphalet Dyer1774–1779, 1782–1783
Pierrepont Edwards1788
Oliver Ellsworth1778–1783
Titus Hosmer1778
Benjamin Huntington1780, 1782–1783, 1788
Samuel Huntington1776, 1778–1781, 1783
William S. Johnson1785–1787
Richard Law1781–1782
Stephen M. Mitchell1785–1788
Jesse Root1778–1782
Roger Sherman1774–1782, 1784
Joseph Spencer1779
Jonathan Sturges1786
James Wadsworth1784
Jeremiah Wadsworth1788
William Williams1776–1777
Oliver Wolcott1776–1778, 1781–1783
Elected from Connecticut but did not serve: Joseph Trumbull, Erastus
Wolcott, Jedediah Strong, John Treadwell, William Pitkin, William Hillhouse,
John Canfield, Charles Church Chandler, John Chester.
DELAWARE
Gunning Bedford, Jr.1783–1785
John Dickinson1779
Philemon Dickinson1782–1783
Dyre Kearny1787–1788
Eleazer McComb1783–1784
Thomas McKean1774–1776, 1778–1782
Nathaniel Mitchell1787–1788
John Patten1786
William Peery1786
George Read1774–1777
Caesar Rodney1774–1776
Thomas Rodney1781–1782, 1786
James Tilton1783–1784
Nicholas Van Dyke1777–1781
John Vining1784–1785
Samuel Wharton1782–1783
Elected from Delaware but did not serve: John Evans, James Sykes,
Henry Latimer, John McKinly, Samuel Patterson, Isaac Grantham.
GEORGIA
Abraham Baldwin1785, 1787–1788
Nathan Brownson1777
Archibald Bulloch1775
William Few1780–1782, 1786–1787
William Gibbons1784
Button Gwinnett1776
John Habersham1785
Lyman Hall1775–1777
John Houstoun1775
William Houstoun1784–1786
Richard Howley1781
Noble Wymberly Jones1781–1782
Edward Langworthy1777–1779
William Pierce1787
Edward Telfair1778, 1780–1782
George Walton1776–1777, 1780–1781
John Walton1777
Joseph Wood1777–1778
John J. Zubly1775
Elected from Georgia but did not serve: Joseph Clay, Benjamin Andrew,
Samuel Stirk, Lachlan Mclntosh.
MemberYears served
MARYLAND
Robert Alexander1776
William Carmichael1778–1779
Charles Carroll of Carrollton1776–1778
Daniel Carroll1781–1783
Jeremiah T. Chase1783–1784
Samuel Chase1774–1778
Benjamin Contee1788
James Forbes1778–1780
Uriah Forrest1787
Robert Goldsborough1774–1776
John Hall1775
John Hanson1780–1782
William Harrison1786
William Hemsley1782–1783
John Henry1778–1780, 1785–1786
William Hindman1785–1786
John E. Howard1788
Daniel of St. Thomas Jenifer1779–1781
Thomas Johnson1774–1776
Thomas Sim Lee1783
Edward Lloyd1783–1784
James McHenry1783–1785
Luther Martin1785
William Paca1774–1779
George Plater1778–1780
Richard Potts1781
Nathaniel Ramsey1786–1787
John Rogers1775–1776
David Ross1787–1789
Benjamin Rumsey1777
Joshua Seney1788
William Smith1777
Thomas Stone1775–1778, 1784
Matthew Tilghman1774–1776
Turbutt Wright1782
Elected but did not serve: Richard Ridgely, Gustavus Scott, Edward Giles
MASSACHUSETTS
John Adams1774–1778
Samuel Adams1774–1782
Thomas Cushing1774–1776
Francis Dana1777–1778, 1783–1784
Nathan Dane1785–1788
Elbridge Gerry1776–1780, 1783–1785
Nathaniel Gorham1783, 1786–1788
John Hancock1775–1778
Stephen Higginson1783
Samuel Holten1778–1780, 1783–1785, 1787
Jonathan Jackson1781–1782
Rufus King1784–1787
James Lovell1777–1782
John Lowell1782
Samuel Osgood1781–1784
Samuel A. Otis1787–1789
Robert Treat Paine1774–1776
George Partridge1779–1782, 1787
Theodore Sedgwick1785–1786, 1788
George Thatcher1788–1789
Artemas Ward1781
Elected from Massachusetts but did not serve: James Sullivan, James Bowdoin,
Timothy Edwards, Caleb Strong, Timothy Danielson, Tristram Dalton.
NEW HAMPSHIRE
Josiah Bartlett1775–1778
Jonathan Blanchard1783–1784
Nathaniel Folsom1774, 1777–1780
MemberYears served
NEW HAMPSHIRE [CONTINUED]
Abiel Foster1783–1785
George Frost1777–1779
John Taylor Gilman1782–1783
Nicholas Gilman1787–1789
John Langdon1775–1776, 1786–1787
Woodbury Langdon1779–1780
Samuel Livermore1780–1783, 1785–1786
Pierse Long1784–1786
Nathaniel Peabody1779–1780
John Sullivan1774–1775, 1780–1781
Matthew Thornton1776–1777
John Wentworth, Jr.1777
William Whipple1776–1779
Phillips White1782–1783
Paine Wingate1788–1789
Elected from New Hampshire but did not serve: Ebenezer Thompson, Timothy
Walker, Jr., Joshua Wentworth, George Adkinson, Benjamin Bellows, Moses
Dow, Elisha Payne.
NEW JERSEY
John Beatty1783–1785
Elias Boudinot1778, 1781–1783
William Burnet1780–1781
Lambert Cadwalader1784–1787
Abraham Clark1776–1778, 1780–1783, 1786–1788
Silas Condict1781–1783
Stephen Crane1774–1776
Jonathan Dayton1787–1788
John De Hart1774–1776
Samuel Dick1783–1785
Jonathan Elmer1777–1778, 1781–1783, 1787–1788
John Fell1777–1780
Frederick Frelinghuysen1779, 1783
John Hart1776
Francis Hopkinson1776
Josiah Hornblower1785–1786
William C. Houston1779–1781, 1784–1785
James Kinsey1774–1775
William Livingston1774–1776
James Schureman1786–1787
Nathaniel Scudder1778–1779, 1781
Jonathan D. Sergeant1776–1777
Richard Smith1774–1776
John Stevens1784
Charles Stewart1784–1785
Richard Stockton1776
John C. Symmes1785–1786
John Witherspoon1776–1782
Elected from New Jersey but did not serve: John Cooper, John Neilson,
William Paterson.
NEW YORK
John Alsop1774–1776
Egbert Benson1784, 1787–1788
Simon Boerum1774–1775
George Clinton1775–1776
Charles De Witt1784
James Duane1774–1779, 1781–1783
William Duer1777–1778
William Floyd1774–1776, 1779–1783
Leonard Gansevoort1788
David Gelston1789
Alexander Hamilton1782–1783, 1788
John Haring1774, 1785–1787
John Jay1774–1779, 1784
MemberYears served
NEW YORK [CONTINUED]
John Lansing, Jr.1785
John Lawrance1785–1787
Francis Lewis1775–1779, 1781–1783
Ezra L'Hommedieu1779–1783, 1788
Philip Livingston1775–1778
Robert R. Livingston1775–1776, 1779–1781, 1785
Walter Livingston1784–1785
Isaac Low1774
Gouverneur Morris1778–1779
Lewis Morris1775–1777
Alexander McDougall1781
Ephraim Paine1784
Philip Pell1789
Zephaniah Platt1785–1786
Philip Schuyler1775, 1777, 1779–1780
John Morin Scott1780–1782
Melancton Smith1785–1787
Henry Wisner1775–1776
Abraham Yates1787–1788
Peter W. Yates1786
Elected from New York but did not serve: none.
NORTH CAROLINA
John B. Ashe1787
Timothy Bloodworth1786
William Blount1783, 1786–1787
Thomas Burke1777–1781
Robert Burton1787
Richard Caswell1774–1775
William Cumming1785
Cornelius Harnett1777–1779
Benjamin Hawkins1782–1783, 1787
Joseph Hewes1774–1777, 1779
Whitmill Hill1778–1780
William Hooper1774–1777
Samuel Johnston1780–1782
Allen Jones1779–1780
Willie Jones1780–1781
Abner Nash1782–1783
John Penn1775–1780
William Sharpe1779–1781
John Sitgreaves1784–1785
Richard D. Spaight1783–1785
John Swann1787–1788
James White1786–1788
John Williams1777–1779
Hugh Williamson1782–1785, 1787–1788
Elected from North Carolina but did not serve: Ephraim Brevard, Adlai
Osborn, Thomas Person, Charles Johnson, Joseph McDowell, Nathaniel
Macon, Alexander Martin, Thomas Polk, Benjamin Smith, John Stokes.
PENNSYLVANIA
Andrew Allen1775–1776
John Armstrong1779–1780, 1787–1788
Samuel J. Atlee1778–1782
John B. Bayard1785–1786
Edward Biddle1775
William Bingham1786–1788
William Clingan1777–1779
George Clymer1776–1778, 1780
Tench Coxe1788–1789
John Dickinson1774–1776
Thomas FitzSimons1782–1783
Benjamin Franklin1775–1776
Joseph Galloway1774
Joseph Gardner1784–1785
MemberYears served
PENNSYLVANIA [CONTINUED]
Edward Hand1784–1785
William Henry1784–1785
Charles Humphreys1774–1776
Jared Ingersoll1780
William Irvine1787–1788
David Jackson1785
James McClene1779–1780
Timothy Matlack1781
Samuel Meredith1786–1788
Thomas Mifflin1774–1775, 1783–1784
John Montgomery1782–1784
Joseph Montgomery1781–1782
Cadwalader Morris1783–1784
Robert Morris1776–1778
John Morton1774–1776
Frederick Muhlenberg1778–1780
Richard Peters1782–1783
Charles Pettit1785–1787
Joseph Reed1778
James R. Reid1787–1789
Samuel Rhoads1774
Daniel Roberdeau1777–1779
George Ross1774–1777
Benjamin Rush1776–1777
Arthur St. Clair1786–1787
James Searle1778–1780
William Shippen1779–1780
James Smith1776–1778
Jonathan B. Smith1777–1778
Thomas Smith1781–1782
George Taylor1776
Thomas Willing1775–1776
James Wilson1775–1777, 1783, 1785–1787
Henry Wynkoop1779–1782
Elected from Pennsylania but did not serve: Matthew Clarkson,
William Montgomery.
RHODE ISLAND
Jonathan Arnold1782–1784
Peleg Arnold1787–1789
John Collins1778–1783
Ezekiel Cornell1780–1782
William Ellery1776–1785
John Gardiner1788–1789
Jonathan J. Hazard1788
Stephen Hopkins1774–1777
David Howell1782–1785
James Manning1785–1786
Henry Marchant1777–1779
Nathan Miller1785–1786
Daniel Mowry, Jr.1781
James M. Varnum1781, 1787
Samuel Ward1774–1776
Elected from Rode Island but did not serve: none.
SOUTH CAROLINA
Robert Barnwell1788–1789
Thomas Bee1780–1782
Richard Beresford1783–1784
John Bull1784–1787
Pierce Butler1787–1788
William H. Drayton1778–1779
Nicholas Eveleigh1781–1782
Christopher Gadsden1774–1776
John L. Gervais1782–1783
Thomas Heyward, Jr.1776–1778
MemberYears served
SOUTH CAROLINA [CONTINUED]
Daniel Huger1786–1788
Richard Hutson1778–1779
Ralph Izard1782–1783
John Kean1785–1787
Francis Kinloch1780
Henry Laurens1777–1780
Thomas Lynch, Sr.1774–1776
Thomas Lynch, Jr.1776
John Mathews1778–1782
Arthur Middleton1776–1777, 1781–1782
Henry Middleton1774–1776
Isaac Motte1780–1782
John Parker1786–1788
Charles Pinckney1784–1787
David Ramsay1782–1783, 1785–1786
Jacob Read1783–1785
Edward Rutledge1774–1776
John Rutledge1774–1775, 1782–1783
Thomas T. Tucker1787–1788
Elected from South Carolina but did not serve: Paul Trapier, Rawlins
Lowndes, Alexander Gillon, William Moultrie, Thomas Sumter.
VIRGINIA
Thomas Adams1778–1779
John Banister1778
Richard Bland1774–1775
Theodorick Bland1781–1783
Carter Braxton1776
John Brown1787–1788
Edward Carrington1785–1787
John Dawson1788
William Fitzhugh1779
William Fleming1779–1780
William Grayson1785–1787
Cyrus Griffin1778–1780, 1787–1788
Samuel Hardy1783–1785
Benjamin Harrison1774–1777
John Harvie1777–1779
James Henry1780–1781
Patrick Henry1774–1775
Thomas Jefferson1775–1776, 1783–1784
Joseph Jones1780–1783
Arthur Lee1782–1784
Francis Lightfoot Lee1775–1779
Henry Lee1786–1788
Richard Henry Lee1774–1780, 1784–1787
James Madison1780–1783, 1787–1788
James Mercer1779–1780
John F. Mercer1783–1784
James Monroe1783–1786
Thomas Nelson, Jr.1775–1777, 1779
Mann Page1777
Edmund Pendleton1774–1775
Edmund Randolph1779, 1781–1782
Peyton Randolph1774–1775
Meriwether Smith1778–1781
John Walker1780
George Washington1774–1775
George Wythe1775–1776
Elected from Virginia but did not serve: Gabriel Jones, John Blair.
Appendix III: Members of the British Cabinet
Period of service
First Lord off the Treasury
(Prime Minister)
Thomas Holles, Duke of NewcastleJune 1757–May 1762
John Stuart, Earl of ButeMay 1762–April 1763
George GrenvilleApril 1763–July 1765
Charles Wentworth, Marquis
of Rockingham
July 1765–July 1766;
March–July 1782
William Pitt, Earl of ChathamAugust 1766–October 1768
Augustus FitzRoy, Duke of GraftonOctober 1768–January 1770
Frederick, Lord NorthFebruary 1770–March 1782
William Petty, Earl of ShelburneJuly 1782–March 1783
William Bentinck, Duke of PortlandApril–December 1783
Lord President of the Council
John Carteret, Earl Granville1751–January 1763
John Russell, Duke of BedfordSeptember 1763–July 1765
Daniel Finch, Earl of Winchilsea
and Nottingham
July 1765–July 1766
Robert Henley, Earl of NorthingtonJuly 1766–December 1767
Granville, Lord GowerDecember 1767–November 1779
Henry, Earl BathurstNovember 1779–March 1782
Charles Pratt, Lord CamdenMarch 1782–March 1783
David Murray, Viscount StormontApril-December 1783
Secretary of State for the
Northern Department
Robert D'Arcy, Earl of Holderness1754–March 1761
John Stuart, Earl of ButeMarch 1761–May 1762
George GrenvilleMay-October 1762
George Dunk, Earl of HalifaxOctober 1762–September 1763;
January-June 1771
John Montagu, Earl of SandwichSeptember 1763–July 1765
Augustus FitzRoy, Duke of GraftonJuly-May 1765
General Henry S. ConwayMay 1766–January 1768
Thomas Thynne, Viscount WeymouthJanuary-October 1768
William van Zuylestein, Earl of
Rochford
October 1768–December 1770
Henry Howard, Earl of SuffolkJune 1771–March 1779
David Murray, Viscount StormontOctober 1779–March 1782
Secretary of State for the
Southern Department
William Pitt, Earl of Chatham1757–October 1761
Charles Wyndham, Earl of EgremontOctober 1761–August
George Dunk, Earl of HalifaxSeptember 1763–July 1765
General Henry S. ConwayJuly 1765–May 1766
Charles Lennox, Duke of RichmondMay-July 1766
William Petty, Earl of ShelburneAugust 1766–October 1768
Thomas Thynne, Viscount WeymouthOctober 1768–December 1770;
November 1775–November 1779
William van Zuylestein, Earl of
Rochford
December 1770–October 1775
Wills Hill, Earl of HillsboroughNovember 1779–March 1782
Secretary of State for the
American Colonies
Wills Hill, Earl of HillsboroughJanuary 1768–August 1772
William Legge, Earl of DartmouthAugust 1772–Novermber 1775
George Germain, Viscount SackvilleNovember 1775–February 1782
Welbore EllisFebruary-March 1782
Secretary of State for Home and
Colonial Affairs
William Petty, Earl of ShelburneMarch-July 1782
Thomas Townshend, Baron SydneyJuly 1782–April 1783
Frederick, Lord NorthApril-December 1783
"Secretary of State
for Foreign Affairs"
Charles James FoxMarch-July 1782;
April-December 1783
Thomas Robinson, Baron GranthamJuly 1782–April 1783
Lord Chancellor
Robert Henley, Earl of Northington1757–July 1766
Charles Pratt, Lord CamdenJuly 1766–January 1770
Charles YorkeJanuary 1770
Henry, Earl BathurstJanuary 1771–April 1778
Edward, Lord ThurlowJune 1778–1792
Chancellor of the Exchequer
Henry B. Leffe1757–March 1761
William, Viscount BarringtonMarch 1761–May 1762
Francis Dashwood, Baron
Le Despencer
May 1762–April 1763
George GrenvilleApril 1763–July 1765
William DowdeswellJuly 1765–July 1766
Charles TownshendJuly 1766–September 1767
William Murray, Earl of MansfieldSeptember-October 1767
Frederick, Lord NorthOctober 1767–March 1782
Lord John CavendishApril-July 1782;
April-December 1783
William PittJuly 1782–April 1783
First Lord of the Admiralty
George, Baron AnsonMarch 1761–June 1762
George Dunk, Earl of HalifaxJune 1762–January 1763
George GrenvilleJanuary-April 1763
John Montagu, Earl of SandwichApril-September 1763;
January 1771–March 1782
John Perceval, Earl of EgmontSeptember 1763–September 1766
Sir Charles SaundersSeptember-December 1766
Sir Edward HawkeDecember 1766–January 1771
Augustus, Viscount KeppelMarch-December 1782;
April-December 1783
Richard, Earl HoweJanuary-April 1783
Commander in Chief
John, Earl of Ligonier1759–August 1766
John Manners, Marquess of GranbyAugust 1766–January 1770
Jeffrey, Baron AmherstJanuary 1778–March 1782
General Henry S. ConwayMarch 1782–December 1783
Master General of the Ordnance
John, Earl of Ligonier1759–1763
John Manners, Marquess of GranbyJuly 1763–January 1770
George, Marquess Townshend1772–March 1782
Charles Lennox, Duke of RichmondMarch 1782–1795
Secretary at War
William, Viscount Barrington1755–March 1761;
July 1765–December 1778
Charles TownshendMarch 1761–December 1762
Welbore EllisJanuary 1763–July 1765
Charles JenkinsonDecember 1778–March 1782
Thomas Townshend, Viscount
Sydney
March-July 1782
Sir George YongeJuly 1782–April 1783
Richard FitzpatrickApril-December 1783
President of the Board of Trade
George Dunk, Earl of HalifaxOctober 1757–March 1761
Samuel, Baron SandysMarch 1761–March 1763
Charles TownshendMarch-April 1763
William Petty, Earl of ShelburneApril-September 1763
Wills Hill, Earl of HillsboroughSeptember 1763–July 1765;
August-December 1766;
January 1768–August 1772
William Legge, Earl of DartmouthJuly 1765–August 1766;
August 1772–November 1775
Robert C. Nugent, Viscount ClareDecember 1766–January 1768
George Germain, Viscount SackvilleNovember 1775–November 1779
Frederick Howard, Earl of CarlisleNovember 1779–September 1780
Thomas Robinson, Baron GranthamDecember 1780–June 1782
Appendix IV: Continental Army, General Offices
AppointedEnd of Service
General in Chief
Washington, GeorgeVirginia15-Jun-7523-Dec-83resign
Major Generals
1. Ward, ArtemasMassachusetts17-Jun 7523-Apr 76resign
2. Lee, CharlesVirginia17-Jun 7510-Jan 80resign
3. Schuyler, Philip JohnNew York19-Jun 7519-Apr 79resign
4. Putnam, IsraelConnecticut19-Jun 753 Jun 83resign
5. Montgomery, RichardNew York9 Dec 75 from 3 bg31-Dec 75killed
6. Thomas, JohnMassachusetts6 Mar 76 from 2 bg2 Jun 76died
7. Gates, HoratioVirginia16-May 76 from 1 bg3 Nov 83resign
8. Heath, WilliamMassachusetts9 Aug 76 from 5 bg3 Nov 83resign
9. Spencer, JosephConnecticut9 Aug 76 from 6 bg13-Jan 78resign
10. Sullivan, JohnNew Hampshire9 Aug 76 from 7 bg30-Nov 79resign
11. Greene, NathanaelRhode Island9 Aug 76 from 8 bg3 Nov 83resign
12. Arnold, BenedictConnecticut17-Feb 77 from 10 bg25-Sep 80traitor
13. Alexander, William
(Lord Stirling)
New York19-Feb 77 from 15 bg15-Jan 83resign
14. Mifflin, ThomasPennsylvania19-Feb 77 from 18 bg25-Feb 79resign
15. St. Clair, ArthurPennsylvania19-Feb 77 from 22 bg3 Nov 83resign
16. Stephen, AdamVirginia19-Feb 77 from 26 bg20-Nov 77resign
17. Lincoln, BenjaminMassachusetts19-Feb 7729-Oct 83resign
18. Lafayette, Marquis DeFrance31-Jul 773 Nov 83resign
19. Tronson de Coudray, PhilippeFrance11-Aug 7715-Sep 77drowned
20. De Kalb, JohannFrance15-Sep 7719-Aug 80killed
21. Howe, RobertNorth Carolina20-Oct 77 from 16 bg3 Nov 83resign
22. McDougall, AlexanderNew York20-Oct 77 from 23 bg3 Nov 83resign
23. Conway, ThomasFrance13-Dec 77 from 50 bg28-Apr 78resign
24. Steuben, FriedrichGermany5 May 7815-Apr 84resign
25. Smallwood, WilliamMaryland15-Sep 80 from 31 bg3 Nov 83resign
26. Parsons, Samuel HoldenConnecticut23-Oct 80 from 24 bg22-Jul 82resign
27. Knox, HenryMassachusetts15-Nov 81 from 34 bg20-Jun 84resign
28. LeBegue DePresle Duportail, LouisFrance16-Nov 81 from 53 bg10-Oct 83resign
29. Moultrie, WilliamSouth Carolina15-Oct 82 from 28 bg3 Nov 83resign
Brigadier Generals
1. Gates, HoratioVirginia17-Jun 7516-May 76to 7 mg
2. Thomas, JohnMassachusetts22-Jun 756 Mar 76to 6 mg
3. Montgomery, RichardNew York22-Jun 759 Dec 75to 3 mg
4. Wooster, DavidConnecticut22-Jun 752 May 77died
5. Heath, WilliamMassachusetts22-Jun 759 Aug 76to 8 mg
6. Spencer, JosephConnecticut22-Jun 759 Aug 76to 9 mg
7. Sullivan, JohnNew Hampshire22-Jun 759 Aug 76to 10 mg
8. Greene, NathanaelRhode Island22-Jun 759 Aug 76to 11 mg
9. Frye, JosephMassachusetts10-Jan 7623-Apr 76resign
10. Arnold, BenedictConnecticut10-Jan 7617-Feb 77to 12 mg
11. Armstrong, John Sr.Pennsylvania1 Mar 764 Apr 77resign
12. Thompson, WilliamPennsylvania1 Mar 763 Sep 1781died
13. Lewis, AndrewVirginia1 Mar 7615-Apr 77resign
14. Moore, JamesNorth Carolina1 Mar 769 Apr 77died
15. Alexander, William
(Lord Stirling)
New York1 Mar 7619-Feb 77to 13 mg
16. Howe, RobertNorth Carolina1 Mar 76to 21 mg
17. Woedtke, Frederick, Baron DeFrance
18. Mifflin, ThomasPennsylvaniato 14 mg
19. Mercer, HughVirginia
20. Reed, JamesNew Hampshire
21. Nixon, JohnMassachusetts
22. St. Clair, ArthurPennsylvaniato 15 mg
23. McDougall, AlexanderNew Yorkto 22 mg
24. Parsons, Samuel HoldenConnecticutto 26 mg
25. Clinton, JamesNew York
26. Stephen, AdamVirginiato 16 mg
27. Gadsden, ChristopherSouth Carolina
28. Moultrie, WilliamSouth Carolinato 29 mg
29. McIntosh, LachlanGeorgia
30. Maxwell, WilliamNew Jersey
31. Smallwood, WilliamMarylandto 25 mg
Appendix IV: Continental Army, General Offices [CONT]
AppointedEnd of Service
Note: mg = Major General, bg = Brigadier General
32. Fermoy, MatthiasFrance
33. Preudhomme DeBorre, PhillipeFrance
34. Knox, HenryMassachusettsto 27 mg
35. Nash, FrancisNorth Carolina
36. Poor, EnochNew Hampshire
37. Glover, JohnMassachusetts
38. Paterson, JohnMassachusetts
39. Wayne, AnthonyPennsylvania
40. Varnum, James MitchellRhode Island
41. deHaas, John P.Pennsylvania
42. Woodford, WilliamVirginia
43. Muhlenberg, John Peter GabrielVirginia
44. Weedon, GeorgeVirginia
45. Clinton, GeorgeNew York
46. Hand, EdwardPennsylvania
47. Scott, CharlesVirginia
48. Learned, EbenezerMassachusetts
49. Huntington, JedidiahConnecticut
50. Conway, ThomasFranceto 23 mg
51. Pulaski, CasimirPoland
52. Stark, JohnNew Hampshire
53. LeBegue DePresle Duportail, LouisFranceto 28 mg
54. Sumner, JethroNorth Carolina
55. Hogun, JamesNorth Carolina
56. Huger, IsaacSouth Carolina
57. Gist, MordecaiMaryland
58. Irvine, WilliamPennsylvania
59. Morgan, DanielVirginia
60. Williams, Otho HollandMaryland
61. Greaton, JohnMassachusetts
62. Putnam, RufusMassachusetts
63. Dayton, EliasNew Jersey
64. Armand, CharlesFrance
Appendix V: British RegimentsArrived in AmericaLeft America
UnitAlternate unit nameDateYearLocationDateFate/Destination
1 Part not interned at Yorktown left Charleston in 1782: 23rd, 33rd, and 71st.SOURCE: Anthony D. Darling, Red Coat and Brown Bess, Museum Restorationn Service (Ottawa, Ontario), 1970, pp. 55-57
Guards
(single battalion
drawn from the three
Guards regiments)
1st GdsJuly1776New York1781interned, Yorktown
2nd GdsColdstreamJuly1776New York1781interned, Yorktown
3rd GdsJuly1776New York1781interned, Yorktown
Regiments of Foot
3rdBuffsJune1781Charleston1782West Indies
4thKing's OwnJune1774Boston1778West Indies
5thJuly1774Boston1778West Indies
6thOctober1776New York1776drafted
7thRoyal FusiliersJuly1773Canada1783British Isles
8thKing's1768Canada1785British Isles
9thMay1776Canada1777interned, Saratoga
10th1767Canada1778drafted
14th1766Halifax1777drafted
15thMay1776Cape Fear1778West Indies
16th1767New York1782drafted
17thDecember1775Boston1781interned, Yorktown
18thRoyal Irish1767Philadelphia1775drafted
19thJune1781Charleston1782West Indies
20thMay1776Quebec1777interned, Saratoga
21stRoyal North British FusiliersMay1776Quebec1777interned, Saratoga
22ndJuly1775Boston1783British Isles
23rdRoyal Welsh Fusiliers1773New York1781interned, Yorktown1
24thMay1776Quebec1777interned, Saratoga
26thCameronians1767New Jersey1779drafted
27thEnniskillensOctober1775Boston1778West Indies
28thMay1776Cape Fear1778West Indies
29thMay1776Quebec1787British Isles
30thJune1781Charleston1782West Indies
31stMay1776Quebec1787British Isles
33rdMay1776Cape Fear1781interned, Yorktown1
34thMay1776Quebec1786British Isles
35thJune1775Boston1778West Indies
37thMay1776Cape Fear1783left New York
38thJuly1774Boston1783left New York
40th1. June1775Boston1778West Indies
2. September1781New York1783left New York
42ndRoyal Highland RegimentJuly1776New York1783left New York
43rdJune1774Boston1781interned, Yorktown
44thJune1775Boston1780Canada
45thJuly1775Boston1778drafted
46thMay1776Cape Fear1778West Indies
47th1773New Jersey1777interned, Saratoga
49thJune1775Boston1778West Indies
52ndOctober1774Boston1778drafted
53rdMay1776Cape Fear1777interned, Saratoga
54thMay1776Cape Fear1783left New York
55thDecember1775Boston1778West Indies
57thMay1776Cape Fear1783left New York
59th1765Halifax1775drafted
60thRoyal American Regiment:
1st Battalion
2nd Battalion
3rd Battalion, raised 1775
4th Battalion, raised 1775
62ndMay1776Quebec1777interned, Saratoga
63rdJune1775Boston1782West Indies
64th1768Boston1782West Indies
65th1768Boston1776drafted
69thSeptember1781New York (6wks)1781West Indies
70thAugust1778Halifax
Appendix V: British Regiments [CONT]Arrived in AmericaLeft America
UnitAlternate unit nameDateYearLocationDateFate/Destination
1 Part not interned at Yorktown left Charleston in 1782: 23rd, 33rd, and 71st.SOURCE: Anthony D. Darling, Red Coat and Brown Bess, Museum Restorationn Service (Ottawa, Ontario), 1970, pp. 55-57
Newly Raised
71stFraser's Highlanders1776JulyNew York1781interned, Yorktown1
74thArgyll Highlanders1778AugustHalifax
76thMacDonald's Highlanders1779New York1781interned, Yorktown
80thRoyal Edinburgh Volunteers1779New York1781interned, Yorktown
82ndDuke of Hamilton's Regiment1778AugustHalifax1781interned, Yorktown 1co
1782left Charleston 3 cos
Newly Raised in America
84th=1779Royal Highland Emigrants
1st Battalion
2nd Battalion
1775CANADA
105th=1782King's Irish Regiment1778AMERICA1782left Charleston
Light Dragoons
16th LDQueen's Light Dragoons1776JulyNew York1778drafted
17th LD1775JuneBoston1783British Isles

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