1800-1860: Government and Politics: Chronology

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1800-1860: Government and Politics: Chronology

IMPORTANT EVENTS OF 1800-1860

IMPORTANT EVENTS OF 1800-1860

1800

1801

1802

  • 6 Apr. All federal internal internal taxes are abolished.

1803

1804

1805

1806

  • The Burr conspiracy to establish to establish an independent nation in the Southwest is revealed.
  • 23 Sept. Lewis and Clark return to St. Louis.

1807

  • Aaron Burr is captured and tried for high treason in the plot to effect a separation of the Western Part of the United States. He is found not guilty.
  • The Embargo Act is put into effect.

1808

  • 1 Jan. The overseas slave trade is abolished; meanwhile, the internal slave from coastal to western states skyrockets.

1809

  • 15 Mar. The Embargo Act is repealed, and western farmers profit.

1810

  • 27 Oct. The United States annexes West Florida.

1811

  • 7 Nov. At the Battle of Tippecanoe, at the junction of the Wabash and Tippecanoe Rivers, Gov. William Henry Harrison of the Indiana Territory defeats the Shawnees under the Prophet Tenskwatawa and burn the nearby Indian village.

1812

  • 30 Apr. Louisiana is admitted into the Union, becoming the eighteenth state.
  • 18 June The United declares war on Great Britain.

1813

  • 5 Oct. At the Battle of the Thames, Shawnee leader Tecumseh is killed, and his colition of Native American warriors is dispersed.

1814

  • A British army burn Washington, D.C., but fails to take Baltimore.

1815

1816

1817

  • 28 Apr. The Rush-Bagot Treaty is signed between the United States and Great Britain, limiting the number and size of warships on the Great Lakes.
  • 10 Dec. Mississippi is admitted into the Union as the twentieth state.

1818

  • 4 Apr Congress adopts the design of the U.S. flag still in use today.
  • 30 Oct. The Canadian-United States boundary is extended west along the Forty-ninth parallel.

1819

1820

  • 6 Mar. In the Missouri Compromise, Congress forever prohibits slavery in all parts of the Louisiana purchase north of 36°30.

1821

  • 10 Aug. Missouri is admitted into the Union as a slave state.

1822

1823

  • 2 Dec. In his annual message to Congress, James Monroe enunciates the Monroe Doctrine, a foreign policy that declares the Western Hemisphere closed to further European colonization and interference.

1824

1825

1826

1827

  • 6 Aug. The United States and Great Britain sign a treaty extending the 1818 agreement to continue joint occupation of Oregon Territory.

1828

  • Andrew Jackson is elected in a landslide, winning every Western state in the country.

1830

  • 6 Apr. Joseph Smith, author of The Book of Mormon, founds the Church o Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints at Fayette, New York.
  • 27 May Jackson vetoes the Maysville Road Bill, which would have provided federal monetary support for a sixty-mill road construction project entirely in Kentucky.

1831

  • Jackson forms a kitchen cabinet, an informal group of advisors.
  • 9 May The Frenchmen Alexis de Tocqueville and William de Beaumont arrive in America.

1832

1833

  • 2 Mar. President Andrew Jackson signs the Force Act, authorizing the use of military force to collect tariff duties in South Caroline.
  • 4 Dec. The American anti-slavery society is formed.

1834

1835

  • 30 Jan. Richard Lawrence tries to assassinate Andrew Jackson, the first attempt on the life of a U.S. president.

1836

  • 6 Mar. The Alamo falls to Mexican force.
  • 21 Apr. At the Battle of san Jacinto, sam Houston and a force of Texan militia defeat a Mexican army under Gen. Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna. As a result of this battle, Texas wines its independence from Mexico.

1837

  • 3 Mar. The United States recognizes the Republic of Texas.

1838

  • Dec. The forced removal of southeastern Indians to Oklahoman, known as the Trail of tears, begins.

1839

  • June Slaves aboard the Spanish ship Amistad revolt and gain control of the vessel. They are captured off U.S. water, but after a lengthy court battle the slaves are set free in 1841.

1840

1841

  • John C. Fremont explores the headwaters of the Des Moines river in Iowa.
  • The preemption Act grants squatters rights to settlers.

1842

  • Frémont leads an expedition to explore the route to Oregon beyond the Mississippi River as far as the South pass of the Continental Divide in Wyoming.
  • 9 Aug. In the Webster-Ashburton Treaty, the American and Canadian boundary is established between Lake Superior and Lake of the Woods.

1843

  • 29 May John C.Fremont leaves Kansas City for another exploratory journey of the West;the expedition yields an accurate survey of the immigrant route to Oregon.

1844

  • 8 June The U.S. Senate votes not to annex Texas.
  • 27 June Mormon leader Joseph smith is murdered by a mob in Carthage, Illinois.

1845

  • 23 June Texas is annexed by the United States.
  • July Magazine editor John L.OSullivan coins the phrase Manifest Destiny.

1846

  • May The Mexican war begins.
  • 15 June In the Oregon Treaty the boundary between the United States and Canada is set at the Forty-ninth parallel.
  • 8 Aug The Wilmot Proviso passes the House of Representatives for the first time.

1847

1848

1849

  • More than seventy thousand Americans, joined by eight thousand Mexicans and five thousand South Americans, head to the California gold fields.

1850

  • Congress grants land to the Illinois Central Railroad.
  • Sept. Congress passes the Compromise of 1850.

1851

  • Northerners begin to resist the Fugitive Slave Act.

1852

1853

  • 30 Dec. In the Gadsden Purchase the United States receives twenty-nine thousand square miles of Mexican territory south of the Gila River for a southern railroad line.

1854

1855

  • 30 Mar. Amid armed violence, Kansans choose legislators in the first territorial election. However, border ruffians from Missouri force the election of a proslavery legislature.

1856

  • 21 May Lawrence, Kansas, is sacked by proslavery force.
  • 22 May South Carolina congressman Preston Brooks beat and severely injures Massachusetts senator Charles Sumner in the Capitol.
  • 24 May The Pottawatomie Massacre leaves five proslavery Kansans dead.

1857

  • 6 Mar. In Dred Scott v. Sandford, U.S. supreme Court Chief Justice Roger Taney rules that the Missouri Compromise is unconstitutional and that blocks are not U.S. citizens.

1858

  • 21 Aug-15 Oct Abraham Lincoln debates Stephen A. Douglas for an Illinois senate seat.

1859

1860

  • 6 Nov. Lincoln wins the presidential election with no support from southern sates.
  • 20 Dec. South Carolina secedes from the Union.

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