McTell, Blind Willie

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Blind Willie McTell

Singer, guitarist

Recorded Prolifically Under Many Names

Played for Tips

Gave Up The Blues

Selected discography

Sources

Blind Willie McTells music is characterized by his clear voice and twelve-string finger picking technique. His crisp, clean guitar lines intertwine with and underline his lyrics. Through his repertoire McTell was able to cater to a wide audience, being adept at playing blues, ragtime, gospel, pop, and country material. While none of his records was a hit, he was able to record prolifically by creating a different pseudonym for each recording scout he encountered.

William Samuel McTell was born on May 5,1901 in Thompson, Georgia. Despite lifelong blindness McTell knew his way around several major cities, including New York Citys subway system, and could distinguish between different denominations of bank notes. There was some confusion over his surname; some sources claimed his real name was McTear but a teacher at a blind school he attended inadvertently changed it to McTell, misunderstanding Willies diction. However, in a 1977 interview, his wife Kate McTell said that somebody on his fathers side of the family disguised their name because they were big whiskey still people.

Blind Willie McTell learned the guitar from his mother during his early teens. Through his teenage years and early twenties he played in various touring carnivals and shows, including the John Roberts Plantation Show. During this time he also attended various schools for the blind in New York and Georgia where he learned to read Braille. He recorded his first sides for the Victor company in 1927 in Atlanta. These would be the first of many recordings by McTell under various names.

Recorded Prolifically Under Many Names

During the late twenties and thirties, McTell appeared before every recording scout who came to Atlanta with his guitar and a new persona. He recorded as Blind Sammie for Columbia, Georgia Bill for OKeh, Red Hot Willie Glaze for Bluebird, and Blind Willie for Vocalion. He also recorded and interviewed with John and Alan Lomax for the Library of Congress in 1940, but that session remained unreleased because the Lomax-es didnt care for McTells style. Most of Willies records were solo vocal numbers with his own guitar accompaniment; he also recorded with Curly Weaver, Buddy Moss, and Ruth Day.

Blind Willie McTell married Ruth Kate Williams in 1934. Willie traveled constantly, while Kate stayed home pursuing a career as an army nurse. In a 1977 interview, Kate McTell recalled Willies response when she asked why he traveled so frequently, He said Baby, I was born a rambler. Im gonna ramble until I die, but Im preparing you to live after Im gone. He sure did. I

For the Record

Born William Samuel McTell, May 5, 1901, in Thomson, GA; died of a cerebral hemhorrage, August 19, 1959, in Milledgeville, GA; son of Eddie McTell (a musician) and Minnie Watkins (a guitarist); attended State School for the Blind, Macon, GA, c. 1922-5; attended School for the Blind, NYC, c. 1925-6; married Ruth Kate Williams, c. 1934.

Began playing the guitar professionally, c. 1914; toured with John Roberts Plantation Show, c. 1916-17; recorded for several record labels under various names, solo, or with Buddy Moss, Curley Weaver, or Ruth Day, c. 1927-1956; played at private parties, dances, parking lots, open-air drive-ins, streets of Atlanta, c. 1927-1956; preached at Mt. Zion Baptist Church, Atlanta, GA, c. 1957-1959.

Awards: Posthumously inducted into the Georgia Music Hall of Fame, 1990.

retired with thirty-two years of nurse training at Fort Gordon.

Played for Tips

Between 1937 and 1948 McTell made a living playing for tips in various cities across the Eastern seaboard rather than recording. In 1949 McTell went to Atlantic Records studios in New York City, where Atlantic founder and blues enthusiast Ahmet Ertegun recognized him from records in his own collection. Atlantic released a single pairing two songs McTell recorded years earlier, Kill It, Kid and Broke Down Engine Blues, under the name Barrelhouse Sammy. Billboards January, 1950 Rhythm and Blues Record Review column gave the disc a good review. The reviewer considered Kill It, Kid, an engaging, raggy blueswith vitality and humor and a jivey guitar accompaniment. Broke Down Engine Blues was considered more conventional, possibly because the updated version is slower, more confident, and more haunting than the original version recorded over twenty years before.

In 1950, Fred Mendelson of Regal Records was scouting for blues talent in Atlanta. Appropriately, Blind Willie McTell found him and recorded a session as Pig n Whistle Red, named for a barbecue joint where he played requests for tips. This would be his last recording session with his occasional partner Curley Weaver. Ironically, despite a prolific career of recording under a variety of aliases for any recording scout in town, Blind Willie McTell had to be persuaded to record his last session. After Ed Rhodes, an Atlanta record store owner, played a Leadbelly record for a foreign student, the student returned and informed him that a man down the street was singing in a style similar to Leadbellys. The singer was Blind Willie McTell, playing for tips behind the Blue Lantern Club. Rhodes, who owned some recording equipment, approached McTell about recording a session. At first, Willie refused, but dropped by Mr. Rhodess store occasionally over the next few weeks. McTell finally relented, and provided Mr. Rhodes with a reprise of material hed performed over his lifetime, interspersed with anecdotes about his life and music. The tapes were kept in his stores attic unre-leased for a few years. One day while cleaning the attic, well after he had sold his recording equipment, all the tapes Mr. Rhodes made were lying in a trash can. There was only one salvageable tape, which was later released as the Blind Willie McTells Last Session album on Prestige/Bluesville Records.

Gave Up The Blues

Around 1957, according to Kate McTells 1977 interview, Blind Willie McTell quit singing the blues and became a preacher, singing only spirituals, He knew he was getting on in age. He said he felt like he was coming to the end of his journey, he was coming back to God. Willie McTell died of a cerebral hemhorrage on August 19, 1959 at the Milledgeville State Hospital in Georgia. Like many classic blues singers, little was known about Blind Willie McTells life, until blues enthusiast David Evans tracked down Willies wife, Kate, for a three-part interview published by Blues Unlimited magazine in 1977. This has ensured that details about McTell and many of the musicians hed known are available for future generations.

Blind Willie McTell did not live to be rediscovered during the early 1960s folk-blues revival. However, he did leave behind a durable body of work that has been appreciated by many blues and rock fans; his song Statesboro Blues was exposed to millions via a cover versions by Taj Mahal and the Allman Brothers Band. For listeners who crave the original recordings, most of his work is back in print.

Selected discography

The Early Years (1927-1933), Yazoo/Shanachie, 1989.

Blind Willie McTell 1927-1935, Yazoo/Shanachie, 1991.

The Definitive Blind Willie McTell, Columbia Legacy, 1994.

Atlanta Twelve-String, Atlantic, 1991.

Pig n Whistle Red, Biograph, 1993.

Last Session, Prestige/Bluesville, 1987.

Broke Down Engine Blues from The Blues, Smithsonian Collection of Recordings, 1993.

Southern Can Is Mine from The Beauty of the Blues, Columbia Legacy, 1991.

Sources

Books

Barlow, William, Looking Up At Down, Temple University Press, 1989.

Davis, Francis, The History of the Blues, Hyperion, 1995.

Gart, Galen, First Pressings Vol. 1 (1948-1950), Big Nickel, 1989.

Guralnick, Peter, The Listeners Guide To The Blues, Facts on File, 1982.

Harris, Sheldon, Blues Whos Who, Arlington House, 1979.

Herzhaft, Gerard, Encyclopedia of the Blues, University of Arkansas Press, 1992.

Oliver, Paul, ed., The Blackwell Guide To Blues Records, Blackwell Reference, 1989.

Springer, Robert, and Andre J.M. Prevos, Authentic Blues,

Its History and Its Themes, Edwin Mellen Press, 1995.

Periodicals

Billboard, January 1950.

Blues Unlimited, July/August 1977; September/October 1977; November/December 1977.

Jazz Journal, August, 1950.

Jazz Report, Vol. 8, Number 6.

Record Research, June/July 1959.

Records and Recording, December, 1972.

Jim Powers

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