Slaughter, Anne-Marie

PERSONAL: Daughter of Edward Slaughter and Ann Limbosch; married Andrew Moravcsik (a politics professor); children: Edward, Alexander. Education: Princeton University, A.B. (magna cum laude), 1980; Oxford University, M.Phil., 1982, D.Phil., 1992; Harvard Law School, J.D. (cum laude), 1985.

ADDRESSES: Office—Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, 425 Robertson Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544-1013. E-mail—slaughtr@princeton.edu.

CAREER: Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, assistant to Professor Abram Chayes, 1984–88, Center for International Affairs, Ford fellow in European society and Western security, 1985–86, Harvard Law School fellow in international law, 1988–89, visiting professor of law, 1993, director of graduate and international legal studies, 1997–2002, J. Sinclair Armstrong Professor of International, Foreign, and Comparative Law, 1994–2002, John F. Kennedy School of Government, professor, 2001–02, founder and director of Harvard Colloquium on International Affairs; University of Chicago Law School, Chicago, IL, assistant professor, 1989–93, professor of law and international relations, 1993–94; Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, dean of Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, 2002–, Bert G. Kertstetter '66 University Professor of Politics and International Affairs, 2004–. Member of board, McDonald's Corporation, Council on Foreign Relations, New America Foundation, and Canadian Institute for International Governance. International Regimes Database, member of advisory committee; Dukakis for President campaign, coordinator of Foreign Policy Issues Network, 1987–88. Council on Foreign Relations, chair of term member committee and member of task force on the expansion of NATO.

MEMBER: International Law Association, American Society of International Law (former president; co-chair of research committee; member of executive council, 1992–94), American Bar Association (member of standing committee on world order under law, 1992–95; co-chair of committee on public international law), American Academy of Arts and Sciences (fellow), Chicago Committee on Foreign Relations (member of executive committee), Chicago Lawyers Committee for International Human Rights (member of organizing committee), World Peace Foundation (trustee).

AWARDS, HONORS: Certificate of Distinction in Teaching, Harvard-Danforth Center for Teaching and Learning, 1984; Russel Baker Scholar, University of Chicago Law School, 1990; Francis Deak Prize, American Journal of International Law, 1990, for "The Alien Tort Statute and Judiciary Act of 1789: A Badge of Honor," and 1994, for "International Law and International Relations Theory: A Dual Agenda" (shared with Steven Ratner); Dr. Jean Mayer Global Citizenship Award, Tufts Institute for Global Leadership, 2003.

WRITINGS:

(Editor, with Alec Stone Sweet and J. H. H. Weiler) The European Court and National Courts—Doctrine and Jurisprudence: Legal Change in Its Social Context, Northwestern University Press (Evanston, IL), 1998.

International Law and International Relations Theory: Millennial Lectures, Hague Academy of International Law (the Hague, Netherlands), 2000.

(Editor, with Judith Goldstein, Miles Kahler, and Robert O. Keohane) Legalization and World Politics (originally published as special edition of International Organization, summer, 2000), MIT Press (Cambridge, MA), 2001.

A New World Order, Princeton University Press (Princeton, NJ), 2004.

Contributor of articles to books, including Reevaluating Eisenhower: American Foreign Policy in the 1950s, 1987; Law and Force in the New International Order, 1991; Multilateralism Matters, 1992; The Role of Law in International Politics, 2000; and Handbook of International Relations, 2001; and to scholarly journals, including Foreign Affairs, Columbia Law Review, Harvard International Law Journal, American Journal of International Law, Foreign Policy, and International Organization. Member of editorial or advisory boards for International Organization, American Journal of International Law, UCLA Journal of International and Foreign Affairs, Virginia Journal of International Law, Columbia Journal of European Law, and Texas International Law Journal. Editor, with Steven R. Ratner, of Symposium on Method in International Law, American Society of International Law, 2004.

WORK IN PROGRESS: A Liberal Theory of International Law.

SIDELIGHTS: Anne-Marie Slaughter is a leading expert in the field of international relations and international law, topics she has studied and taught at such elite universities as Princeton, Harvard, Oxford, and Chicago. In 2002 she returned to lead one of her alma maters when she was appointed as the first female dean of the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs at Princeton University.

Legalization and World Politics, which Slaughter edited in conjunction with fellow scholars Judith Goldstein, Miles Kahler, and Robert O. Keohane, was over a decade in the making. As early as 1990, Slaughter and Keohane were discussing writing an article on the relationship between domestic courts and politics and international laws. As their interest in the topic grew, Goldstein got involved and put together a 1995 conference on the topic. Two years later, with Kahler's help, Goldstein organized a larger conference that convened in St. Helena, California to discuss this relationship. The participants continued to rework and refine their ideas, until finally they were published as a special issue of the journal International Organization; the book form, Legalization and World Politics, has the same content.

The editors of and contributors to Legalization and World Politics define "legalization" as the process by which international norms of behavior are institutionalized into precise, obligatory rules which are interpreted and enforced by neutral bodies such as the World Trade Organization and the European Court of Justice. Having accepted this theoretical framework, the authors then apply it to various questions in international relations in an attempt to figure out why and how states cooperate with these international regimes and why legalization works better in some areas of international policy than in others. As Kenneth L. Wise wrote in Perspectives on Political Science, "No other study moves so far and systematically into explanation and prediction regarding the legal side of international institutionalization."

A New World Order, "break[s] new ground in international relations theory," declared a Publishers Weekly contributor, asserting that Slaughter's book 'will likely attain instant textbook status." In A New World Order Slaughter argues that scholars of international relations have a "conceptual blind spot": by viewing the world through the prism of their theories, they have been prevented from seeing the way that the governments of the world actually act. Traditional international relations theories, particularly the popular "realist" school of thought, view states as unitary actors, with all representatives of a country pulling together in the international arena to achieve the goals that best advance that country's national interest, as decided upon by that country's leader or leaders. For those advocates of the globalization of such traditionally nationalist functions as justice and policy making, acceptance of this view presents a challenge: how can these strong, unified actors called states be made to surrender their preeminent position in international affairs in the way that seems necessary for globalization to be truly effective? However, Slaughter points out that today national diplomats and bureaucrats, while still nominally acting on behalf of their country, are caught up in a web of transnational and supranational organizations that engender competing loyalties—in effect, "disaggregating" the state. It is this networked state of affairs that Slaughter terms the "new world order."

Although expressing some initial skepticism for this thesis, several critics noted that Slaughter backs up her argument well. "She gives a very comprehensive and detailed account of the administrative, judicial and legislative arenas" in which this networking is evident, James Kurth noted in National Interest. However, Slaughter does not believe that this "new world order" is the all-encompassing global state that is feared by many conservative critics of globalization. Her "ambitious" premise "is hedged by the observation that this fast-developing network system is by no means a juggernaut toward a monolithic world government," George F. Botjer wrote in Perspectives on Political Science. The system also "admits to various national particularities that cannot be absorbed into transnational networks." Not that Slaughter necessarily believes that this is a bad thing; like the critics of globalization, she sees the potential for abuses in having one omnipotent world government.

Despite producing a number of highly praised books, "I think she prefers arguing the issues to writing books about them," Slaughter's brother Hoke Slaughter told Daily Princetonian interviewer Lindsey White. "Debating and teaching are what she absolutely loves."

BIOGRAPHICAL AND CRITICAL SOURCES:

BOOKS

Slaughter, Anne-Marie, A New World Order, Princeton University Press (Princeton, NJ), 2004.

PERIODICALS

Choice, December, 2004, S. P. Duffy, review of A New World Order, p. 734.

Daily Princetonian, September 16, 2002, Lindsey White, "New WWS Dean Slaughter '80 Brings World of Experience Back to Princeton," p. 734.

International Organization, summer, 2000, p. xi.

Law and Social Inquiry, winter, 2002, review of Legalization and World Politics, p. 195.

National Interest, fall, 2004, James Kurth, review of A New World Order, p. 117.

Perspectives on Political Science, spring, 2002, Kenneth L. Wise, review of Legalization and World Politics, p. 120; summer, 2004, George F. Botjer, review of A New World Order, p. 182.

Publishers Weekly, February 9, 2004, review of A New World Order, p. 72.

ONLINE

Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, http://www.wws.princeton.edu/ (February 10, 2005), "Anne-Marie Slaughter, Dean, Woodrow Wilson School."

[Sketch reviewed by secretary, Terry Murphy]