GRAHAM, Carol (Lee) 1962-

PERSONAL:

Born January 29, 1962, in Lima, Peru; daughter of George G. (a physician) and Simone (Custer) Graham; married Jacob J. Mann (in business), June 10, 1989; children: Alexander, Anna and Adrian (twins). Education: Princeton University, A. B. (magna cum laude), 1984; Johns Hopkins University, M.A. (with distinction), 1986; St. Anthony's College, Oxford, Ph.D. (political economy, development economics), 1989. Politics: Democrat. Religion: Roman Catholic. Hobbies and other interests: Running, cooking, guitar, tennis, skiing.

ADDRESSES:

Office—Brookings Institution, 1775 Mass Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20036. E-mail—cgraham@brookings.edu.

CAREER:

Educator and scholar. Duke University, Durham, NC, assistant professor of political economy, 1989-90; Georgetown University, Washington, DC, adjunct professor of government, 1990-94; World Bank, visiting fellow, 1994-95; Brookings Institution, Washington, DC, senior fellow in economic studies, 1995-2002, vice president and director of governance studies program, 2002—. Inter-America Development Bank, special advisor to executive vice president, 1998; International Monetary Fund, special advisor to deputy managing director, 2001. Visiting professor of economics at Johns Hopkins University, 1999-. Member of board, University of the Americas Institute of Public Policy and Development Studies and Nutrition Research Institute. Lecturer; has appeared on radio and television program.

MEMBER:

Council on Foreign Relations, American Economic Association, Latin-American Studies Association, Latin-American and Caribbean Economics Association.

AWARDS, HONORS:

MacArthur Foundation research and writing grant, 1993; Tinker Foundation research support award, 1996, 1998, 2000, 2002; International Affairs fellow, Council on Foreign Relations, 1997-98.

WRITINGS:

Peru's APRA: Parties, Politics, and the Elusive Quest for Democracy, Lynne Rienner (Boulder, CO), 1992.

Safety Nets, Politics, and the Poor: Transitions to Market Economies, Brookings Institute (Washington, DC), 1994.

(With Michael O'Hanlon) A Half Penny on the Federal Dollar: The Future of Development Aid, Brookings Institute (Washington, DC), 1997.

(Editor with Nancy Birdsall and Richard Sabot) Beyond Trade-offs: Efficient and Equitable Growth in Latin America, Brookings Institution Press (Washington, DC), 1998.

Private Markets for Public Goods: Raising the Stakes in Economic Reform, Brookings Institution Press (Washington, DC), 1998.

(With others) Improving the Odds: Political Strategies for Institutional Reform in Latin America, Inter-American Development Bank, 1999.

(Editor with Nancy Birdsall) New Markets, New Opportunities?: Economics and Social Mobility in a Changing World, Brookings Institution Press (Washington, DC), 1999.

(With Stefano Pettinato) Happiness and Hardship: Opportunity and Insecurity in New Market Economies, Brookings Institution Press (Washington, DC), 2002.

(With Lael Brainard) The Other War: Global Poverty and the Millennium Challenge Account, Brookings Institution Press (Washington, DC), 2004.

Contributor to journals, including Australian Financial Review, Christian Science Monitor, Current History, Foreign Affairs, Journal of Commerce, Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, Journal of Latin American Studies, Journal of Human Development, Journal of Democracy, Journal of Development Studies, Latin-American Research Review, Los Angeles Times, Miami Herald, Milken Review, San Diego Union Tribune, Wall Street Journal, and World Economics. Member of editorial board, Journal of Latin American Studies, Latin American Research Review.

WORK IN PROGRESS:

Toward a Global Social Contract, with Nancy Birdsall and Sandip Sukhtankar; research into subjective well being and social welfare in less-developed countries.

SIDELIGHTS:

An economist, researcher, and consultant in areas of poverty, inequality, and international assistance, Carol Graham is vice president and director of the Governance Studies program at the Brookings Institution in Washington, D.C. She is also an author and editor who has published several books during her affiliation with the Institution. Happiness and Hardship: Opportunity and Insecurity in New Market Economies Graham joins Inter-American Development Bank analyst Stefano Pettinato in expanding traditional economic axioms by analyzing the relationship between how an individual citizen perceives his or her relative economic well-being and the actual stability and strength of the nation's economy. Together with Lael Brainard and others, she authored The Other War: Global Poverty and the Millennium Challenge Account, in which the authors provide concrete suggestions for better structuring the aid increases proposed by the Bush Administration. Together with Nancy Birdsall, Graham edited New Markets, New Opportunities?: Economic and Social Mobility in a Changing World, in which they collect eleven essays that focus on a representative cross-section of the world economy and study the process by which economic inequity—excessive wealth and poverty—is created. According to International Journal on World Peace contributor Gary M. Quinlivan, the editors present readers with "an innovative path for analyzing the socio-economic impact of economic and political reforms," while in Finance and Development Bruno S. Sergi wrote that New Markets, New Opportunities? "exceeds expectations."

A Half Penny on the Federal Dollar: The Future of Development Aid, which Graham coauthored with colleague Michael O'Hanlon, focuses on the funds the U.S. government spends outside the nation's borders to bolster economic growth around the world. In his review for the Journal of International Affairs, Derek Chollet praised the work as a "valuable first stop for anyone interested in the future of American foreign assistance programs." While the U.S. government spent less than one percent of its total budget on foreign aid, the perception among the general public has traditionally been much higher. Both the public and the coauthors question whether foreign-aid funds have been used to good effect; the authors advocate adopting a program of selective aid, whereby monies are advanced to nations with sound internal economies. Noting that Graham and O'Hanlon "provide a reasoned critique about some of the shortcomings of past U.S. aid programs," Chollet also praised the authors for providing "sensible advice about the future" in a book made more accessible to the generalist due to its "clarity and brevity."

BIOGRAPHICAL AND CRITICAL SOURCES:

PERIODICALS

American Political Science Review, December, 1993, Cynthia McClintock, review of Peru's APRA: Parties, Politics, and the Elusive Quest for Democracy, p. 1040; June, 2003, Adam Resnick, review of Happiness and Hardship: Opportunity and Insecurity in New Market Economies.

Economic Development and Cultural Change, January, 1998, review of Safety Nets, Politics, and the Poor: Transitions to Market Economies, p. 403.

Finance and Development, December, 1999, Benedict Clements, review of Beyond Trade-offs: Efficient and Equitable Growth in Latin America, p. 53; December, 2000, Bruno S. Sergi, review of New Markets, New Opportunities?: Economics and Social Mobility in a Changing World, p. 62; September, 2002, review of Happiness and Hardship: Opportunity and Insecurity in New Market Economies, p. 55.

International Journal on World Peace, June, 2000, Kenneth R. Gray, review of A Half Penny on the Federal Dollar: The Future of Development Aid, p. 84; December, 2000, Gary M. Quinlivan, review of New Markets, New Opportunities?: Economic and Social Mobility in a Changing World, p. 80.

Journal of Developmental Studies, June, 1998, Mak Arvin, review of A Half Penny on the Federal Dollar, p. 169.

Journal of International Affairs, fall, 1998, Derek Chollet, review of A Half-Penny on the Federal Dollar, p. 380.

Journal of Latin American Studies, May, 1993, review of Peru's APRA, p. 414; October, 1995, Peter Sherlock, review of Safety Nets, Politics, and the Poor, p. 744.

Latin American Research Review, spring, 1998, John Sheahan, review of Safety Nets, Politics, and the Poor, p. 185.

ONLINE

Brookings Institution Web site,http://www.brookings.edu/ (January 29, 2004).