PETER PAPPACARBONE, ST.

Bishop, monastic reformer; b. Salerno, Italy, c. 1038;d. March 4, 1123. He was a hermit at la cava and received his formative monastic training in the benedictine order at cluny under Abbot hugh of cluny. Peter was responsible for the reform of the monastery of Cilento in 1068; and although he accepted the bishopric of Policastro in 1070, he returned after a few years to La Cava, became coadjutor abbot in 1076, and succeeded Abbot leo of cava in 1079. Peter imposed the Cluniac customs at La Cava and secured from gregory vii the establishment of a congregation on the Cluniac model, thus beginning the monastic reform of central Italy. Under his rule, La Cava's domestic organization was improved, and many religious houses were placed under its jurisdiction. His cult was approved in 1893, and his relics were enshrined under the high altar at La Cava.

Feast: March 4.

Bibliography: Vita, l. a. muratori, Rerum italicarum scriptores, 500–1500, 25 v. in 28 (Milan 1723–51) 6.5:16–28. p. guillaume, Essai historique sur l'abbaye de Cava (Naples 1877). p. lugano, L'Italia benedettina (Rome 1929) 164–179. p. schmitz, Histoire de l'ordre de saint-Benoît, 7 v. (Maredsous, Bel. 1942–56) 1:185–187. k. hallinger, Gorze-Kluny, 2 v. (Studia anselmiana 22–25; 1950–51) a. butler, The Lives of the Saints, rev. ed. h. thurston and d. attwater, 4 v. (New York 1956) 1:481. a. m. zimmermann, Kalendarium Benedictinum: Die Heiligen und Seligen des Benediktinerorderns und seiner Zweige, 4 v. (Metten 1933–38) 1:28:2–284.

[b. d. hill]