Frumkin, Israel Dov
FRUMKIN, ISRAEL DOV
FRUMKIN, ISRAEL DOV (1850–1914), pioneer journalist in Ere? Israel. Frumkin was born in Dubrovno, Belorussia and was taken to Jerusalem when he was nine. In 1870 he started contributing to the weekly ?ava??elet founded by his father-in-law, Israel *Bak. Frumkin soon became its publisher and editor, and turned it into a militant paper that attacked financial corruption in the Jerusalem community. His enemies caused the sporadic banning of his paper and even his imprisonment. In ?ava??elet he advocated the consolidation of the separate communities in Jerusalem, higher standards in education, and the inclusion of secular studies and vocational training in the schools. His early support of agricultural settlement in Ere? Israel turned to adamant opposition as its secular character became apparent. Frumkin was especially hostile to A?ad Ha-Am, the ?ovevei Zion, and the Herzl brand of Zionsim in Ere? Israel. He also fiercely opposed missionary activities.?ava??elet declined after the turn of the century and ceased publication in 1910.
bibliography:
I. Kressel, in: Miv?ar Kitvei I.D. Frumkin (1954), 13–114, 205–29; G. Frumkin, Derekh Shofet bi-Yrushalayim (1955), opening chapters; Tidhar, 1 (1947), 489–91.
[Yehuda Slutsky]
