Braude, Markus
BRAUDE, MARKUS
BRAUDE, MARKUS (Mordekhai Ze'ev ; 1869–1949), rabbi, educator and Zionist leader. Braude was born in Brest-Litovsk (then Russia). He was the son of R. Aryeh Leib Braude and his maternal grandfather was the rabbi of Lvov, Ẓevi Hirsch *Ornstein. Braude completed his studies at the University of Freiburg in 1898. An active Zionist from an early age, he attended the First Zionist Congress in Basel (1897), and became a leader of the Zionist Organization in Galicia. On his initiative Galician Zionists decided to take part in the political life of the country, and Braude directed their campaign for election to the Austrian Parliament (1907). Between 1909 and 1939 he was a preacher in Lodz. He founded a network of Jewish secondary schools in Poland and, between 1920 and 1926, was a member of the Polish senate. He was one of the founders of the Institute for Jewish Studies in Warsaw, and of other public and cultural institutions in Poland. Braude settled in Palestine in 1940, was active in the Polish Immigrants' Association, and undertook research in the history of Galician Jewry.
bibliography:
Sefer ha-Yovel le-M.Z. Braude (1931); Zikhron M.Z. Braude (1960); A. Tartakower, in: S.K. Mirsky (ed.), Ishim u-Demuyyot be-Ḥokhmat Yisrael (1959), 287–98.
[Getzel Kressel]