Abd ar-Rahman, 1778–1859, sultan of Morocco (1822–59). He sought, unsuccessfully, to take advantage of the overthrow of Turkish rule in Algeria in order to extend his territory. Later he allied himself with the emir, Abd al-Kader, but after their defeat at Isly (1844), he made peace with France and refused the emir further asylum in Morocco. Abd ar-Rahman was at various times involved in difficulties with Austria, Spain, and Great Britain.

Abd ar-Rahman (äb´där-rämän´), d. 732, Muslim governor of Spain (721–32). Invading Aquitaine in 732, he won a victory over the Franks at Toulouse but was defeated in the battle of Tours by Charles Martel.