EASTWOOD, Clint(on, Jr.) 1930–

PERSONAL: Born May 31, 1930, in San Francisco, CA; son of Clinton and Ruth (Runner) Eastwood; married Maggie Johnson (a model), December 19, 1953 (divorced, 1982); married Dina Ruiz (a newscaster), March 31, 1996; children: (with Roxanne Tunis) Kimber L. (an actress); (first marriage) Kyle, Alison; (with Jacelyn Reeves) Kathryn Ann, Scott C.; (with Frances Fisher) Francesca Ruth; (second marriage) Morgan. Education: Attended Los Angeles College.

ADDRESSES: Office—Malpaso Productions, 4000 Warner Blvd., #16, Burbank, CA 91522. Agent—William Morris Agency, 151 South El Camino Dr., Beverly Hills, CA 90212-2704.

CAREER: Actor, director, and producer; owner of Malpaso Productions, Burbank, CA; mayor of Carmel, CA, 1986–88. Actor in films, including (uncredited; as lab technician) Revenge of the Creature, Universal, 1955; (uncredited; as first Saxon) Lady Godiva (also known as Lady Godiva of Conventry), Universal, 1955; (uncredited; as first pilot) Tarantula, Universal, 1955; (as Jonesey) Francis in the Navy, Universal, 1955; (uncredited; as Tom, the ranch hand) Star in the Dust (also known as Law Man), 1956; (uncredited; as Will) Never Say Goodbye, Universal, 1956; (uncredited; as Marine medic), Away All Boats, 1956; (as Lieutenant Jack Rice, roughrider) The First Traveling Saleslady, RKO Radio Pictures, 1956; (as Dumbo pilot) Escapade in Japan, Universal/RKO Radio Pictures, 1957; (as Keith Williams) Ambush at Cimarron Pass, Twentieth Century-Fox, 1958; (as George Moseley) Lafayette Escadrille (also known as Hell Bent for Glory and With You in My Arms), Warner Bros., 1958; (as the man with no name) A Fistful of Dollars, United Artists, 1964; (as the man with no name) For a Few Dollars More, United Artists, 1967; (as the man with no name) The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly, United Artists, 1967; (as Lieutenant Morris Pimpennel Schaffer) Where Eagles Dare, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, 1968; (as Jed Cooper) Hang 'em High, United Artists, 1968; (as Coogan) Coogan's Bluff, Universal, 1968; (as Charlie, Giovanna's husband) "Una sera come le altre," The Witches, Lopert, 1969; (as Pardner [Sylvester Newel]) Paint Your Wagon, Paramount, 1969; (as Lieutenant Kelly) Kelly's Heroes, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, 1970; (as Hogan) Two Mules for Sister Sara, Universal, 1970; (as Corporal John McBurney) The Beguiled, Universal, 1971; (as Dave Garland) Play Misty for Me, Universal, 1971; (as Harry Callahan [title role]) Dirty Harry, Warner Bros., 1971; (as title role) Joe Kidd, Universal, 1972; (as the stranger) High Plains Drifter, Universal, 1973; (as Harry Callahan) Magnum Force, Warner Bros., 1973; (as John "Thunderbolt" Doherty) Thunderbolt and Lightfoot, United Artists, 1974; (as Jonathan Hemlock) The Eiger Sanction, Universal, 1975; (as title role) The Outlaw Josey Wales, Warner Bros., 1976; (as Harry Callahan) The Enforcer, Warner Bros., 1976; (as Ben Shockley) The Gauntlet, Warner Bros., 1977; (as Philo Beddoe) Every Which Way but Loose, Warner Bros., 1978; (as Frank Morris) Escape from Alcatraz, Paramount, 1979; (in title role) Bronco Billy, Warner Bros., 1980; (as Philo Beddoe) Any Which Way You Can, Warner Bros., 1980; (as Major Mitchell Gant/Leon Sprague/Michael Lewis) Firefox, Warner Bros., 1982; (as Red Stovall) Honkytonk Man, Warner Bros., 1982; (as Harry Callahan) Sudden Impact, Warner Bros., 1983; (as Wes Block) Tightrope, Warner Bros., 1984; (as Lieutenant Speer) City Heat, Warner Bros., 1984; (as the preacher) Pale Rider, Warner Bros., 1985; (as Sergeant Thomas "Gunny" Highway) Heartbreak Ridge, Warner Bros., 1986; (as Harry Callahan) The Dead Pool, Warner Bros., 1988; (as Tommy Nowak) Pink Cadillac, Warner Bros., 1989; (as John Wilson) White Hunter, Black Heart, Warner Bros., 1990; (as Nick Pulovski) The Rookie, Warner Bros., 1990; (as William Munny) Unforgiven, Warner Bros., 1992; (as Red Garnett) A Perfect World, Warner Bros., 1993; (as Secret Service Agent Frank Horrigan) In the Line of Fire, Columbia, 1993; (as Robert Kincaid) The Bridges of Madison County, Warner Bros., 1995; (as Wild Bill) Hollywood Maverick: The Life and Times of William A. Wellman, 1995; (uncredited; as himself) Casper, Universal, 1995; (as Luther Whitney) Absolute Power, Columbia/Sony Pictures Entertainment, 1997; (as himself) Junket Whore, 1998; (as Steve Everett, Oakland Tribune reporter) True Crime, Warner Bros., 1999; (as himself) Forever Hollywood, 1999; (as Dr. Frank Corvin) Space Cowboys, Warner Bros., 1999; (as Terry McCaleb) Blood Work, 2002; and (as Frankie Dunn) Million-Dollar Baby, 2004. Director of films, including Play Misty for Me, Universal, 1971; Breezy, Universal, 1973; High Plains Drifter, Universal, 1973; The Eiger Sanction, Universal, 1975; The Outlaw Josey Wales, Warner Bros., 1976; The Gauntlet, Warner Bros., 1977; and Bronco Billy, Warner Bros., 1980. Director and producer of films, including Firefox, Warner Bros., 1982; Honkytonk Man, Warner Bros., 1982; Sudden Impact, Warner Bros., 1983; Pale Rider, Warner Bros., 1985; Heartbreak Ridge, Warner Bros., 1986; Bird, Warner Bros., 1988; White Hunter, Black Heart, Warner Bros., 1990; (executive producer) The Rookie, Warner Bros., 1990; Unforgiven, Warner Bros., 1992; A Perfect World, Warner Bros., 1993; The Bridges of Madison County, Warner Bros., 1995; Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil, Warner Bros., 1997; Absolute Power, Columbia/Sony Pictures Entertainment, 1997; True Crime, Warner Bros., 1999; Space Cowboys, Warner Bros., 1999; Blood Work, 2002; Mystic River, Warner Bros., 2003; and Million-Dollar Baby, 2004. Producer of films, including Tightrope, Warner Bros., 1984; The Dead Pool, Warner Bros., 1988; (executive producer) Thelonius Monk: Straight, No Chaser (also known as Straight, No Chaser), Warner Bros., 1988; and The Stars Fell on Henrietta, Warner Bros., 1995. Worked on other films, including (as Western advisor [Italian prints only]), A Fistful of Dollars, United Artists, 1964; (uncredited; as director of suicide jumper sequence) Dirty Harry, Warner Bros., 1971. Composer of songs for films, including Bronco Billy, Warner Bros., 1980; City Heat, Warner Bros., 1984; Tightrope, Warner Bros., 1984; Pale Rider, Warner Bros., 1985; The Bridges of Madison County, Warner Bros., 1995; "How Much I Care," Heartbreak Ridge, Warner Bros., 1986; "Claudia's Theme," Unforgiven, Warner Bros., 1992; "Big Fran's Baby," A Perfect World, Warner Bros., 1993; "Power Waltz" and "Kate's Theme," Absolute Power, Columbia/Sony Pictures Entertainment, 1997; "Why Should I Care," True Crime, Warner Bros., 1999; and Space Cowboys, Warner Bros., 1999. Appeared in television series, including (as Rowdy Yates) Rawhide, Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS), 1959–66; and The Story of Hollywood, Turner Network Television (TNT), 1988. Appeared as himself in television specials, including Disneyland '59 (also known as Kodak Presents Disneyland '59), 1959; The Man with No Name, 1977; Tom Synder's Celebrity Spotlight, 1980; All-Star Party for Clint Eastwood, CBS, 1986; Fame, Fortune, and Romance, syndicated, 1986; James Stewart: A Wonderful Life, Public Broadcasting System (PBS), 1987; Happy Birthday, Hollywood, American Broadcasting Companies (ABC), 1987; The Ultimate Stuntman: A Tribute to Dar Robinson, 1987; All-Star Party for Joan Collins, CBS, 1987; The Presidential Inaugural Gala, CBS, 1989; (as host) Gary Cooper: American Life, American Legend, TNT, 1989; The Siskel and Ebert Special, CBS, 1990; Sammy Davis Jr.'s 60th Anniversary Celebration, ABC, 1990; (as host and narrator) Here's Looking at You, Warner Bros., ABC, 1991; Eastwood & Co. Making "Unforgiven," ABC, 1992; Clint Eastwood on Westerns, 1992; The Barbara Walters Special, ABC, 1992; Macho Men of the Movies with David Sheehan, National Broadcasting Company (NBC), 1993; Clint Eastwood's Favorite Films, Cinemax, 1993; The Twelve Most Fascinating People of 1993, ABC, 1993; Clint Eastwood Talking with David Frost, PBS, 1993; And the Winner Is, syndicated, 1993; (as host and narrator) Don't Pave Main Street: Carmel's Heritage, 1994; Hollywood Stars: A Century of Cinema, Disney Channel, 1995; The First 100 Years: A Celebration of American Movies, Home Box Office (HBO), 1995; A Personal Journey with Martin Scorsese through American Movies, 1995; The American Film Institute Salute to Clint Eastwood, ABC, 1996; Eastwood on Eastwood, TNT, 1997; Big Guns Talk: The Story of the Western, TNT, 1997; The 25th American Film Institute Life Achievement Award: A Salute to Martin Scorsese, CBS, 1997; American Film Institute's 100 Years … 100 Movies, CBS, 1998; The Warner Bros. Story: No Guts, No Glory: 75 Years of Stars, TNT, 1998; The Warner Bros. Story: No Guts, No Glory: 75 Years of Laughter, TNT, 1998; The Warner Bros. Story: No Guts, No Glory: 75 Years of Award Winners, TNT, 1998; The Warner Bros. Story: No Guts, No Glory: 75 Years of Blockbusters, TNT, 1998; AFI's 100 Years … 100 Stars, CBS, 1999; James Bacon: The E! True Hollywood Story, E! Entertainment Television, 1999; Intimate Portrait: Marsha Mason, Lifetime, 1999; American Masters: Clint Eastwood: Out of the Shadows, PBS, 2000; The Making of "Space Cowboys," 2000; James Garner: A Maverick Spirit, Arts and Entertainment, 2000; The Kennedy Center Honors: A Celebration of the Performing Arts, CBS, 2000; America: A Tribute to Heroes, 2001; AFI Life Achievement Award: A Tribute to Barbra Streisand, Fox, 2001; Kurosawa, PBS, 2002; and Intimate Portrait: Melody Thomas Scott, 2002. Appeared in videos, including Dirty Harry: The Original, 2001; (as himself) All on Account a Pullin' a Trigger, 2002; (as himself) A Decade under the Influence, 2003; (as himself) Leone's West, 2004; and (as himself) The Leone Style, 2004. Appeared at televised awards presentations, including (as presenter) The 42nd Annual Academy Awards, 1970; The 21st Annual NAACP Image Awards, NBC, 1989; The All-Star Pro Sports Awards, ABC, 1990; The Movie Awards, CBS, 1991; The 65th Annual Academy Awards Presentation, ABC, 1993; The 50th Annual Golden Globe Awards, Turner Broadcasting System (TBS), 1993; The 66th Annual Academy Awards Presentation, ABC, 1994; The 67th Annual Academy Awards, ABC, 1995; The 72nd Annual Academy Award Presentation, ABC, 2000; and The 61st Annual Golden Globe Awards, 2004. Appeared in episodes of television series, including "Cochise, Greatest of the Apaches," TV Reader's Digest, ABC, 1956; "The Last Letter," Death Valley Days, 1956; "White Fury," The West Point Story, ABC, 1957; "The Charles Avery Story," Wagon Train, NBC, 1957; "The Lonely Watch," Navy Log, ABC, 1958; Highway Patrol, 1958; (as Red Hardigan) "Duel at Sundown," Maverick, ABC, 1959; "Clint Eastwood Meets Mr. Ed," Mr. Ed, CBS, 1962; "Clint Eastwood: The Man from Malpaso," Crazy about the Movies, Cinemax, 1993; and The O'Reilly Factor, Fox News Channel, 2001; also appeared as himself in Wogan; The Directors, Encore; The Story of Hollywood, TBS; American Cinema, PBS; and Fame, Fortune, and Romance. Director of episode "Vanessa in the Garden," Amazing Stories, NBC, 1985. Recorded albums, including Eastwood after Hours—Live at Carnegie Hall, Malpaso Records, 1997; Music from and Inspired by the Motion Picture "Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil," Malpaso Records, 1997; and Monterey Jazz Festival: Forty Legendary Years, Malpaso Records, 1998; performed on single "Smokin' the Hive" with Randy Travis, 1990. Provided voice of Mitchell Gant in the video game Firefox, 1983. Hog's Breath Inn, Carmel, CA, owner; Pebble Beach Golf Country Club, Monterey Peninsula, CA, co-owner; former lumberjack in Oregon, steel-furnace stoker, and gas pumper; state of California, parks commissioner, 2002–. Member of National Council on the Arts, 1973. Military service: U.S. Army; served during 1950s.

AWARDS, HONORS: Golden Globe Award for World Film Favorite—Male, Hollywood Foreign Press Association, 1971; People's Choice Awards for Favorite Motion-Picture Actor, 1981, 1984, 1985, and 1987; named chevalier des Lettres, French government, 1985; shared Golden Apple Star of the Year Award, Hollywood Women's Press Club, 1985; People's Choice Award for All-Time Favorite, 1988; Cecil B. De Mille Award, Hollywood Foreign Press Association, 1988; Orson Welles Award for Best Directorial Achievement—English Language, 1988, and Golden Globe Award for Best Director, 1989, both for Bird; Hasty Pudding Man of the Year Award, Hasty Pudding Theatricals, 1991; Golden Globe Award for Best Director, Academy Awards for Best Director and Best Picture, Academy Award nomination for best actor, all Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, best picture award, Los Angeles Film Critics, and best picture award, Boston Society of Film Critics, all 1992, all for Unforgiven; named NATO/ShoWest Director of the Year, 1993; Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award, Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, 1995; Life Achievement Award, American Film Institute, 1996; honorary César award (France), 1998, for career achievement; Golden Lion, Venice Film Festival, 2000, for career achievement; special tribute, Deauville Film Festival, 2000; Bronze Plaque of the City of Paris, Paris, France, 2000; Kennedy Center honor, 2000; Silver Sword Award, Maui Film Festival, 2002; Lifetime Achievement Award, Chicago Film Festival, 2002; Lifetime Achievement Award, Screen Actors Guild, 2003; Carrosse d'Or, Society of French Film Directors, Golden Coach, Cannes Film Festival, all 2003, and César Award, Fotogramas de Plata, London Critics Circle Film Award, and Sant Jordi Award, all 2004, all for Mystic River; recipient of and nominated for numerous other awards.

WRITINGS:

(Photographer) Bridges of Madison County Memory Book, Warner Books (New York, NY), 1995.

Clint Eastwood: Interviews ("Conversations with Filmmakers" series), edited by Robert Kapsis and Kathie Coblantz, University Press of Mississippi (Jackson, MS), 1999.

Also wrote Beguiled/Laser; contributed to A Siegel Film: An Autobiography, by Don Siegel. Uncredited contributor to screenplay A Fistful of Dollars, United Artists, 1964.

SIDELIGHTS: Clint Eastwood is one of the most enduring and multi-talented men in Hollywood. He has worked on films in a variety of roles, including actor, director, producer, and composer, since 1955. As an actor, he brought to life and made legendary several rugged characters, including the "Man with No Name" in seminal "spaghetti" westerns such as A Fistful of Dollars, For a Few Dollars More, and The Good, the Bad and the Ugly, and Inspector Harry Callahan in the films Dirty Harry, Magnum Force, The Enforcer, Sudden Impact, and The Dead Pool.

Characters Eastwood played in the early part of his career often share a common persona; as described by Peter Biskind in Premiere: "the Man with No Name squinting in the fierce midday sun, laconic, cool, and laid-back but remorseless and vengeful at the same time, coming from nowhere, going nowhere, without a past, without a future." Although these films were box-office successes, in many cases stunningly so, they were also criticized for glorifying violence and lawlessness.

Even during his first starring role, on the long-running Western television series Rawhide, Eastwood showed an interest in directing. After much persuasion, he convinced the show's producers to allow him to direct advertisements for upcoming episodes. Finally, in 1971, he was given the opportunity to direct his first feature-length film, the thriller Play Misty for Me. Eastwood also starred in that film, playing a disc jockey who is stalked by a disturbed female fan. This set the pattern for many of his best works over the next thirty years: Eastwood both directed and starred in such successful films as The Outlaw Josey Wales, The Bridges of Madison County, and his highly acclaimed Unforgiven. That 1992 film, a revisionist Western in which Eastwood plays a gunman who has grown disgusted with violence, won Eastwood his first Academy awards, for best director and best picture. His 2003 work, Mystic River, was also highly lauded and nominated for numerous awards, including Best Director and Best Picture.

A collection of interviews Eastwood gave over the years, in which he discusses his perspective on directing films, was published in 1999 as part of the "Conversations with Filmmakers" series. Clint Eastwood: Interviews contains twenty-two interviews, from both artistic journals and the popular press, seven of which are presented in English for the first time. The foreign interviews, which are from British, French and German publications, are particularly notable because Eastwood was respected as a director in Europe before American critics openly recognized his accomplishments. Americans "had a hard time convincing themselves I could be a director because they already had a hard time recognizing me as an actor," Eastwood commented in one interview included in the book.

Throughout his directing and producing career, Eastwood has been renowned for his ability to bring films in under budget, even in the face of uncooperative weather or other potential calamities. In some interviews, Eastwood explains why being responsible with his backers' money is so important to him. He also lays out his theory of directing, which emphasizes preparation before filming begins to save the crews and actors expensive time during the shoot. In other interviews, Eastwood talks about his love for jazz music, his political views, and his childhood. In all his interviews, Gordon Flagg noted in a review of Clint Eastwood for Booklist, "his verbal unpretentiousness corresponds well to his straightforward filmmaking."

BIOGRAPHICAL AND CRITICAL SOURCES:

BOOKS

Authors and Artists for Young Adults, Volume 18, Gale (Detroit, MI), 1996.

Eastwood, Clint, Clint Eastwood: Interviews ("Conversations with Filmmakers" series), edited by Robert Kapsis and Kathie Coblantz, University Press of Mississippi (Jackson, MS), 1999.

Encyclopedia of World Biography, 2nd edition, Gale (Detroit, MI), 1998.

International Directory of Films and Filmmakers, Volume 2: Directors, Volume 2: Actors and Actresses, St. James Press (Detroit, MI), 1996.

Newsmakers 1993, Issue 4, Gale (Detroit, MI), 1993.

St. James Encyclopedia of Popular Culture, St. James Press (Detroit, MI), 2000.

PERIODICALS

Back Stage West, March 6, 2003, Jenelle Riley, "In like Clint: SAG's 2003 Lifetime Achievement Award Recognizes the Actor Who Went from Being the Man with No Name to One of the Biggest Names in Hollywood," pp. 1-3.

Booklist, May 1, 1999, Gordon Flagg, review of Clint Eastwood: Interviews, p. 1569.

Daily Variety, May 28, 2002, Tim Ryan, "Maui to Honor Eastwood," pp. 5-6; June 25, 2002, "The 38th Chicago International Film Festival Will Honor Clint Eastwood," p. 26; February 26, 2003, Andy Klein, "Looking beyond a Tough Guise," pp. A16-A17.

Europe Intelligence Wire, May 13, 2003, "Clint Eastwood to be Honoured by French Film Directors at Cannes."

New Yorker, March 24, 2003, Lillian Ross, interview with Eastwood, p. 40.

Premiere, April, 1993, pp. 52-60.

Variety, February 28, 2000, David Rooney, "Venice Fest to Salute Eastwood," p. 31; August 28, 2000, Lisa Nesselson, September 11, 2000, "Paris Praises Clint," p. 52.

ONLINE

Internet Movie Database, http://www.imdb.com/ (May 26, 2004), "Clint Eastwood."

OTHER

Directors: Clint Eastwood (film), Media Entertainment, Inc., 2000.