Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra

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Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra. One of the world's major orchs., founded 1882. Among prin. conds. have been Franz Wüllner; Karl Klindworth; Hans von Bülow; Richard Strauss; Arthur Nikisch (1895–1922); Wilhelm Furtwängler (1922–45); Leo Borchard (1945); Sergiù Celibidache (1945–51); Herbert von Karajan (1954–89, Salzburg Fest. début 1975); Claudio Abbado from 1989. The Philharmonic Hall was destroyed during 1939–45 war and replaced by a fine modern hall in 1963.

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