Murray Longest river in Australia. It flows 2590km (1610mi) from the Australian Alps in se New South Wales through Lake Alexandrina, and empties into the Indian Ocean at Encounter Bay, se of Adelaide. It forms a large part of the border between New South Wales and Victoria. Its main tributary is the Darling. The Murray valley contains almost all the irrigated land in Australia.

Murray, John (1841–1914) A Canadian-born biologist and oceanographer, Murray did most of his work in Britain. He was leader of the Challenger expedition and took part in other oceanographic investigations. He completed the publication of the scientific reports of the Challenger survey and produced a bathymetric chart of the oceans.