Falkirk, battle of, 1746. After the Jacobite retreat from Derby in December 1745, it was not Charles Stuart's intention to abandon the enterprise but to consolidate in Scotland. Cumberland handed over the pursuit to General Hawley, whose army of some 8,000 men included many Campbells. On 17 January at Falkirk the Highland charge once more carried the day, inflicting a sharp defeat on the Hanoverians. Cumberland returned from England to Edinburgh to take over.

J. A. Cannon

Falkirk, battle of, 1298. Wallace's victory at Stirling Bridge in 1297 had shaken the English hold on Scotland. Edward I assembled a large army to restore the situation and on 22 July 1298 attacked William Wallace's men near the river Carron. The Scots had some protection from a marsh but superior archery and cavalry carried the day for Edward. Wallace remained a fugitive until captured in 1305.

J. A. Cannon